r
THE OMAHA DATLT BEE : SATURDAY , MAROII 13 , 1807. 11
Oonceoticufc Steam Eoads Tighting the
Trolley with Electricity , t
SUCCESS OF THE THIRD-RAIL SYSTEM
Tlio Experience ot Hie Nctr Hnvcn
Ilonil Dclnllril liy KM l'renlilcn _
Oxone mid Kleclrleltr UN a.
I'nrlllcr of Wilier.
Ono of the most Important phases of su
burban railway traffic during the lant flvo
yearn Is the capture by new trolley lines
of an enormous amount of business formerly
done by the nlratn roads. The managers of
the latter have been advised by electrical
engineers and economists to fight the dovll
with fire , or , In other words , to avert ruin-
one competition by running their suburban
trains with electricity Instead of steam.
Tha experimental work done by the New
York , New Haven & Hartford company In
this direction , near Boston , has led the pres
ident of that progressive corporation to be-
llovo that there Is great economy In the
/substitution of electricity for steam , nnd
that the operation of a road by this new
agent IB entirely feasible. Some utterances
of Mr. Clark , before a legislative com
mittee nt the Connecticut capital the other
day , bore on this subject and nro highly In
teresting ,
The Immediate occasion of hla upeech , says
the New York Tribune , was the nppllcntlon
of certain people for a charter for on In
dependent trolley line from Now Britain to
Hartford , which are eight or ten miles apart ,
The committee gave n heating on the advisa
bility of granting the charter. For their
guidance , and alto for the enlightenment
of the applicants , Mr. Clark proceeded to
tell about the Nantnsket Beach branch ex
periments , and nlso what the Consolidated
road proposed to do In the vury near fu
ture on the existing tracks ot the New
England road between Now Britain nnd
Hartford. The general toner of his remarks
was to the following effect , although ho
Old not employ this precise language : "Gen
tlemen , we are going to use electricity
ourselves , nnd will do It so much more eco
nomically than a trolley line can that It
won't pay to build and operate a rival line
of that character. "
A BIT OF EXPERIENCE.
When the Nontaoket branch was first
equipped with electrically propelled cars the
current was taken from a third rail laid
outslclo the regular track and supported on
posts at a slightly higher level. This wa ?
the system In vogue on the Chicago ele
vated roads , and Is also In use on the Brook
lyn bridge. But last year It was deemed
desirable to extend the electric service a
few miles nearer Boston on the Nantasket
line , nnd It was feared that an overhead
wire would bo necessary long this exten
sion. If "cross suspension" wires , reaching
from ono side of the double track roadbed to
the other , were used , It would cost too
much. The plan of erecting a single row
of poles between the two tracks , with arms
overhanging on either Bide , was out of the
question , because there was not room. Fi
nally the Consolidated authorities decided to
try putting a third rail between the two
regular mils of each track. This rail was
of a now shape , having a cross section some
thing like a letter A. Electrical experts
advised the use of elaborate porcelain Insu
lators ; but Mr. Clark says that the over
hanging eaves of the rail were so far apart
that the oteel could bo mounted on wooden
blocks without letting any current eacap ,
oven In a rainstorm. In sonio of his re
marks on this point the president of the
Consolidated seems to have indulged In hy
perbole ; but It appears to have been a fact ,
nevertheless , that this new and Inexpensive
otylo of construction worked to a charm.
Mr. Clark did not need to tell the suitors
for a chnrtor that on a. public highway they
'could ueo the third rail also , for they al
ready know that this Is suited only to such
roads as are fenced In on both sides , like
etoam roads. It Is entirely out ot tlie ques
tion In a common street , But ho did lay
stress on the fact that the style of elec
trical conductor employed on his own road
cost only about one-fifth as much as the
overhead wire- construction ot a regular trol
ley line. And then he added :
ELECTRICITY OUSTS STEAM.
"Having found that electricity affords the
forca and tha economy , and that It Is prac
ticable to run cars with two-minute head
way ns well as under two hours with trains ,
and that that accommodation could In many
places bo afforded , wo concluded that the
tlmo had arrived when , wo ought to operate
on n larger ecale , and we preferred to do
It where everybody could see It. If It goes
on ns wo have tried tt , there Is no more
question as to what will soon bo done on
the steam roads than there Is ot another
day. You shall see It before you adjourn.
We were held back a few weeks , nnd are so
much behind our calculations. Wo had
hoped that earn might bo run In the month
of February. The experiment Is pertinent
to Hartford and Now Britain , and I present
It here.
"The Now Haven road has no quarrel with
electricity ; on the contrary , electricity has
harnessed Itself Into Us eervlce , and Is
moro highly appreciated by the Now Haven
road today than by the managers ot any
other eteam railroad In the country. There
la no mallco about our experiments. Our
locomotives may go Into the scrap he"n.
as the old stage coaches had to go. Wo
must keep up with the times , or else wu shall
bo left In the rear. Gentlemen , you may
tell everybody who Is engaged In Invest
ing Ills own or anybody else'ii money In
lines competitive with steam lines that they
cannot long prosper when the day comes
to lay down third rally In this country.
"It will go down In the future. If I do
not fall In my prediction , that at Hartford ,
lu the otato of Connecticut , was comtructed
the first practical demonstration of tha sub
ordination of electricity to the standard
steam road , Instead of having six , eight
or ten traliis a day , all the Now England
road could afford to run , wo may develop a
ficrvlci- and a tradio of ton times that. The
business may not want to como to us , It
may went to go by the other line ; but wo
shall learn whether It Is any use anywhere
to proceed further with these investments
and make thrao constructions , which are In
finitely cheaper than building a new rail
road , and which , where there Is a sufficient
volume of business , are undoubtedly practl-
cxblo and profitable for steam railroads.
It Is In that spirit that wo proceed to lay
'this third rail. It Is with the same Interest
and with the tnmo views that the managers
ot thosu properties have endeavored to sorva
the publlo by an expense of millions of dollars
lars In creating additional facilities within
Hit ) litst ten ycaru.
"A couple of street railways running up
into the Interior of the country wanted to
gut their pastongcrs down to the beach line ,
and wo told them they might lay their
trucks on the back eldo of our station plat
form. When wo put the third rail In opera
tion , nnd began to carry their passengers ,
It developed such a buslnesj. on these street
railroads that their power house brulto
down. They were lu trouble. They came to
us and naked UK to supply them with a
cum'ut , and the head ot the oloctrlcal de
partment directed the connection of their
entire system at our junction station , made
with this same third rail , which had been
guaranteed not to bo successful without a
lot of knitting work ! And wo ran their
whole electric system with bettor results , at
our own power homo than wo did with our
own rails alono. "
I'UUIFYINO WATER UY ELECTRICITY.
A glowing account of remarkable results
attained by a now system ot water purifi
cation has found Its way Into the papera.
Whether or not this system should justify
the claims made for It , It Is a step In the
rlsht direction ; its confirmed success would
have a prodigious Influence In a largo num
ber of industries. In this process , electric
ity and ozouo nro employed for the llltrutlou
and sterilization of water , the refilling of
bugars , syrupa and molasses , and the recti
fying and maturing of alcoholic pro-
ductlono. The apparatus for purifying water
consists of three tanks , connected by glass
pipes , the receiving tank , tha tank contain
ing the nitration plates , and , lastly , the
tank in which the water , highly charged
with ozouo gas , aud already uuriucd , is
subjected to a final clarification. An elec
tric current of Intensely high voltage
About 1,000,000 volts U paused through the
water Intended to bo purified. This causes
a mechanical clarification , the Impurities
rising to the surface ot the water in scum ,
or falling to the bottom of the tank In sedi
ment. The Intervening body of water Is
drawn off into another tank , where It Is
thoroughly ozonized , and rapidly becomes
clear and sparkling. It Is atd that water
taken from a city cesspool was , by this
process , within the space ot two minutes ,
so sterilized and purified that It Could bo
used as drinking water. The value ot an
effective system of this kind In the treat
ment of the water supply of cities Is In
estimable. It Is claimed that the new pro
cess Is especially valuable In the refining
of sugars , as It reduces the expense and
preliminary filtration 75 per cent. By Its
application to the first treatment of sugars
upon the plantation , largo quantities of
low-grado molasses , known to the trade as
black strap , nnd heretofore practically un
marketable and worthless , may possibly bo
reclaimed and made a source of largo
revenue. If this should prove feasible the
saving to the planters In Louisiana alone ,
accorfllng to the expert estimate , would ex
ceed $3,000,009 per annum. The Inventor of
the process states that It Is most elUcaclous
in the purification of alcoholic liquors , and
It ages brandies , whiskies , gins , etc. , In a
very nhot-t time. It Is generally known
that the natural maturity ot spirits Is ob
tained by age , that Is to say , by the pro
longed contact of the liquid with the ex
terior nlr , which penetrates through the
pores of the wood ot the cask containing
the liquor. By the new process , the liquor
Is Impregnated In a few hours with n quan
tity of ozone at least equal to that which
would bo nnturnlly absorbed in oxygen
during several years. The detrimental es
sential oils contained In the spirit are neu
tralized and eliminated by the chemical ac
tion promoted by the treatment , and the
spirit acquires lu rt few hours a smoothness
nnd roundness that tt would have taken
years to produce under the old system ,
THE NEWEST LIGHT.
Extreme Interest attaches to the accounts
which have been received from Japan of
recent experiments by Prof. Muroaka of
Kyoto. The swarms of glow worms which
adorn nnd Illuminate the Juno nights In
that neighborhood suggested to the professor
ser that tluy might bo made to yield X
rays. As a matter of fact , they yielded
something altogether now In the way of
light. Three hundred glow worms were
shut up In a box with n sensitive plate ,
covered with cardboard and metal. An Im
pression wns produced whera the cardboard
lay on the sensitive plate , but not where
It was cut away. When the metal plates
were removed , and only perforated card
board used , an Impression was produced
only through the perforations. The card
board seemed to exert a "suction effect"
on the rays. The most striking property
of these rays seems to bo that their pene
trative power Is Imparted to them by filtra
tion through paper , cardboard or metnllle
plates. Ths untutored glow-worm light
exerts no photographic effect whatever. It
behaves like ordinary light , nnd may bo
easily reflected , refracted and polarized. The
glow-worm rays show regular reflection ,
and , so far as can nt present bo nscertnlned ,
also refraction nnd polarization , but no ac
tion upon fluorescent screens or upon elec
tric discharges. The active light comes
from nil parts of the body of the worm , and
penetrates its wings.
WH.VLING BY ELECTRICITY.
That the field for tho. application of elec
tricity Is practically unlimited is again dem
onstrated by a seafaring1 man who proposes
to go out and kill whales with It.
The salt had so much faith In his scheme
that ho engaged an electrician to build a
dynamo that would generate an alternating
current of 10.000 volts. That dynamo ho will
have rigged up In his ship , and then he
will sail away to the north to capture the
whale In a flu-de-slecle manner.
Captain Charles W. Hershell of Halifax ,
owner and commander of the whaling ship
Rosalie , says the Boston Globe , Is the man
who Intends to wipe out the customs and
traditions of the whaling Industry with a
small wlro and a largo dynamo.
As to the method of application , the
captain explained It to a New York writer
as follows :
"I am going to place the dynamo on the
whaler , and not put It In operation until
the whaling grounds are reached. On board
I will have a big reel of heavily Insulated
wlro.
"The reel will be placed In the smaller
boat. In which wo will go out to meet the
whale. We shall have several thousand feet
of wlro on the reel. One end will bo con
nected with the dynamo. At the other end ,
which will bo In the smaller boat , will be
a hard rubber stick , about four feet In
length. The wlro will run through that
stick , so that It may bo handled easily and
safely.
"At the end of the stick will bo attached
a pleco of metal twenty-four Inches long and
ono Inch In diameter. The point of that
needle will bo sharp , so as to penetrate tbo
flesh ot the whale easily.
"That hard rubber stick and the big needle
will be used Just as wo use the harpoon
today. When near the big flan , as near as
wo can get In the old way , the harpooner
will throw the electric barb.
"At the tlmo there will be a current of
10,000 volts running through the wire. When
the point of the needle strikes the whale a
current connection will be formed with the
dynamo , nnd the whale will get the full
shock of the hlgli voltngo and bo dead In
the fraction of a second. "
ATTACKKD IIY IIIJXOIIY I3ARM8S.
Iiiillnii I'niiooHB IWnrly Cnrrleil Off
lie fore Ili'liiJT Ili-KOllril.
The Northern Pacific Hallway company's
office In Helena , Mont. , - < vlll scon be orna
mented with two of as fine Bpeclmens of
the American eagle family as are In exist
ence. The birds are the property of E. T.
Ilarnett , Northern PacUlc mineral land ex
aminer , who obtained them sometime ago
while lin Flathead county.
Mr. Barnctt tells an Interesting story of
how he came by the big birds. Ho was on
the uvper Kootenal river , In the northwest
ern part o ( the state , having charge of a
party examining a largo tract of land on
the river. The country there Is almost prlm-
Itlvu In Its condition , there being Httlo evi
dence or civilization about. It Is a wilder
ness ot forest and mountains and Is a favar-
Ito hunting place for roving bands of In
dians.
- Near where Mr , Barnett and party were
nt work was a camp of Indians , The lodges
wore scattered about promiscuously In In
dian fashion near tha river's edge. There
was llttlo activity about the camp. The
bucks were for the most part out hunting
and the women kept Inside the lodges , It
being a particularly warm day. At the edge
of the camp was a group of dirty , naked
little Indian children , romping on the grass
together.
All of a sudden the quiet ot the camp was
broken by the sudden Introduction of two
great eagles , whlcn swooped down upon the
group of children. Apparently not fright
ened In the least by their cries , one of the
eagles fattened Its talons Into the back of
the smallest child and then , after a mighty
sweeping of wings , lifted It Into the air.
The frightened llttlo papoose yelled with all
his might , but the eagle dragged It up the
bluff forty or fifty feet and then dropped It ,
apparently becoming exhausted , Then the
other eagle grabbed ths boy and started with
him up the bank , which at that place arose
almost perpendicular 400 or BOO feet.
All that happened In a moment , The camp
which liad been eo quiet before was Imme
diately turned Into a place of confusion.
The squaws , hearing the cries ot the chil
dren , came running out of the lodges. When
they saw what was the matter they rushed
up the bluff au hard as they could go. But
oven then the eagles did not want to glvo
up their prey. They were not frightened by
the nolso and kept dragging the poor little
Indian boy farther and farther up the bluff ,
Mr. Baniett , attracted by the cries , took
in the situation at a glance and ran for the
bluff with li'-a rifle , which bo happened to
have with him , Before ho readied the child
on Indian buck had come up with the eagle
having the boy In its talons and killed it
with a club. Mr. Harriott had been afraid
to shoot for fear of hitting the child , the
mark being a moving one. Ho shot the other
eagle , however , just as it commenced to
soar away. Strange to say , the llttlo boy
was not seriously Injured , although nearly
frightened to death.
Mr , 'Barnett secured both birds and took
them to Spokane , where they were mounted
by the leading taxidermist ot that city.
They will lia shipped to Helena soon , and
whllo Mr. Barnett's headquarters are iiere
will remain at the Northern Pacific land
department office , ia the L. & L. building , on
Sixth aveuue.
Recollections of the Oldest Locomotive En
gineer in the Gauntry ,
FIFTY YEARS IN THE SERVICE
The Trniixlttnii from Hnrnp Pnivcr to
Stcniii CliniiRcx He llai Seen
nnil riirllclimtrd In
, , Since 18113.
When the great and ' comprehensive col
lections of railroad antiquities were maJo
with a view to showing the progress which
had been made In that Important branch ot
nineteenth century Industry , ono ot the most
Important features was overlooked , and , al
though his neighbors and some railroad people
ple In several cities know Christian Smith
to bo the oldest living" railroad man , and the
senior living practical locomotive engineer ,
the veteran Is otherwise unknown , and noth
ing has been done to glvo him a place among
railroad notables. Ho lives on a fnnn which
overlooks Harper's Ferry , relates the Now
York Tribune , nnd from the oUl-fashloncJ
piazza ot the whlto house can bo Bern the
little whlto monument which marks the spot
where John Brown's fort stood "befo1 da
wah. " There the old man , with his wife , who
Is 73 years old , nnd one of his eight chil
dren , leads the llfo of a contented farmer ,
and , although lie has been out of the busi
ness many years , ho still likes to talk of his
railroad days and of the changes that have
been made elnco 1833 , when ho was Initiated.
Christian Smith was born In Frederick
county , Maryland , on April 14 , 1812 , but no
ono would Judge him to bo more than 70
years old , and many a man ot that age would
envy him his erect carriage , his bright eye ,
his remarkable memory and hla keen ap
preciation of the humorous. Ho wears no
board and his slightly wrinkled , strong face
shows unmistakable elgns of early manly
beauty nnd hla firm mouth and chin anil nose
are certain Indications of character , de
termination nnd mental force. In speaking
of his experience In the railroad business he
gave a remarkable exhibition ot memory , and ,
without referring to memorandum or docu
ment of any kind , told his story nnd a num
ber of Interesting experiences.
WHY HE BEGAN AS A TEAMSTEH.
"Nowadays , " ho said , "when a man goes
Into tha railroad business he becomes K fire
man , engineer , conductor , trainband or
apmethlns like that , nnd unless I explain
the matter you will not know what I mean
when I say that my first Job with a railroad
company was that ot a teamster. In those
days the Baltimore & Ohio railroad had
tracks laid from Baltimore to Elllcott City ,
but there were no engines to run the cars ;
they had to be hauled > by horses , and a
pretty tough Job It was sometimes. My
run was on the section between Parr's ridge
and Frederick , a distance of about sixteen
miles. Freight and passengers had to be
carried that way ; and I tell you It wasn't
much like railroading nowadays.
"There was no timetable , we came and
went as we got a , load ; there were uo con
veniences , and It was hard work to travel
and hard work ; to be on the roaa. My first
team consisted of three horses hitched tan
dem. After a short time this was changed
to two pairs. Travel got to bo better and It
was too much for four horses , and then I
had to drlvo six-ln-hand. I drove six horses
for qulto a while , and was then promoted to
bo a brakeman. Now , that's another thing
that you won't understand , " said the old
man , with a twlnklo In his eye , and evi
dently amused at the Impression ho had
made.
"It was ll'.to this. On the stretch between
Parr's ridge and Frederick there were four
Inclines , nnd to get over these we had to
have extra men , who helped let the earn
down the Inclines. We called them brakemen -
men , and that was my new place. The six
teen-mile section was divided Into two parts ,
and each part \\as 'run' by a gang of men.
One gang had six miles of the distance and
ths other gang had ten miles. There I
worked on the Incline for three years , until
I was sent to Baltimore ns a fireman on a
locomotive engine. I had heard of such n
thing , but had never seen locomotive until
April 15 , 183C. The machine waa a queer-
looking thing , with four wheels and no cab.
and the engineer and fireman had to stand
In the open air , and w-jre exposed to the
weather with no chance for shelter at any
time. I say It was queer , but it did not aecrn
so to us then , nnd I felt very proud when I
made my first lun. I thought ths engine
perfect.
TAKING HIS FIRST ENGINE.
"I managed to pick up a pretty good
knowledge of tlie workings of the steam
engine , whUh looked dllllcult enough at first ,
but became perfectly clear to mo soon , and In
Juno of the same year I took charge of an
engine myself on tha Baltimore & Ohio rail
road. And , strange to say , I .ran my engine
through the very district , over the same
tracks where a few years before I had my
first railroad experience. My train ran from
Parr'o ridge " "to Frederick , and also to Point
of Rocks. The Baltimore & Ohio's business
\vno constantly Increasing nt that time , and
pretty BOOH I wcs transferred to the Mont
Cliro shops at Baltimore as an extra man ,
or as a sort of Jack-of-all-trades , As far as
pay was concerned , It didn't matter much
where I waa or what I was doing , becauoo
engineers were paid then by the day and not
b ? the run.-I had $2 n day , and It did not
matter what kind of work I had to do ; that
was my pay. Sometimes I would have tc
take a pacsenger train on the road , thn I
would have to brake on it freight.
"If a man was wanted to take out an extra
freight I was liable to be called to do It and
there was no telling what 1 might be called
upon to do from running a passenger train to
being a switchman. I had a place where It
was necessary to be posted la every branch
of the business. Things were not done 'or a
railroad man then as they are now and 1-e
had many responsibilities. Of couivo wo
didn't make the time that they do now. but
nobody was In so much of a hurry as they
are now , and we were as proud of what we
could do with the Improved engines which
had a cab and other conveniences not known
to the original machine as the big roads nru
of what they do today ,
"Whllo I was extra man I had phargo for a
while of a yasscnger engine ruuning dally
from Baltimore to Piano No. 1 , a dlatane of
forty-one miles. The way we went ovrr the
Inclines In those days would amuse sumo nf
the present railroad men , " and the old man
chuckled nnd seemed to nco again the old-
time primitive trains.
HORSES TO HELP UP HHL.
"Tho engines were not big enough 'o haul
the trains up the hills , " ho explained , "and
we would run to the grade uud then break
up the train and carry It up the hill In sec
tions with horses , Our freight cars were
built to cairy about flvo long and thrao
would be taken up the Incline byour horses.
The passenger coaches , which were heavier ,
would be drawn by six horses. Between
the two Inclines the roadbed was a dead
love ) and the wheel horses were kept to pull
the train to the next Incline , a distance of
about half a mile. So you see that oven
after we began to have Improved engines
the horse was still necessary In the railroad
business.
"During the tlmo that I was running on the
road as a teamster and an engineer over
ground which was rolling and where Inclines
had much to do with our business I learned
the value of sand In railroading. I made ex
periments frequently and In the winter of
1836 and 1837 I Invented the sand box for
locomotives , and the use of sand on tracks
the way It Is done by dropping-It on the track
from a box on the engine , was my Invention.
Of course when It wa first put Into useI
didn't hava the Improved manner and method
which have followed , but that Is only a little
detail ; the Invention Is mine. I never had U
patented and the many roads on which the
sand boxIs uaed never had to pay mo a
royalty. If I had been smart I should prob
ably bo better olt than I am now. The- sand
box U uurely worth a fortune to anybody.
CASTORIA
For Infants and Children.
Thut Is ono of th& tJilnpi that I am proud
of In my railroad experience and It shows
that we old ones knoy thing or two which
the pcoplo who caino after us had to fol
low. " t .
Mr. Smith remained , according to his auto
biography , with the Baltimore 6. Ohio rail
road and In naltlmort na Its vicinity until
1842 , durlnff which tlmo ho was employed ta
various capacities. Wliuti the road from
Ilarpcr's Ferry to Cumberland was built ho
was assigned to that district and was placed
In charge of an cnglfae in the construction
department. The road was completed as far
as Hancock that summer' ' and In November
of the same year the- Iron was laid Into
Cumberland. In speaking of that the old
engineer said : .
ON THf } CUMDBntiAND LINE.
"I was on hand wnfin he last track was
laid , and I ran the flrfct engine Into Cumber
land that over entered th ro. " He remained
on the road between Harper's Ferry and
Cumberland as an engineer , either of a pas
senger or a freight train , until 1840 , when ho
went to Ohio tor a term of six months and
ran on engine from Cincinnati to Springfield
on the Little Miami road. Ilut there was
nothing In the west to take the place of his
drat and early railroad associations , and ho
drifted back to tin Baltimore ft Ohio , re
mained In active service until 1S51 , when he
received a furlough for the purposes of enter
ing the service of Smith & 1'erklns , who
were then building locomotive engines at
Alexandria , Va. It was his business to
deliver the completed engine to the
purchaser , and to remain with It until It
proved satisfactory. While In the employ of
this concern ho delivered two engines on the
Orange & Alexandria railroad , three on the
Manaswaa Gap railroad , one on the Central
Ohio , four on the Pennsylvania , nnd two on
the Ualtlmore & Ohio. The fact that these
engines were delivered was not > o remarkable
as that the man , after so many years , should
remember distinctly omall details as to each
one , how they acted , how long ho had to
remain with each and which of the lot gave
best and which tha least satisfaction In the
end. Ho went over the whole history with as
much facility nnd as readily ns though ho
wore reading It from a. book ,
When -he left the Alexandria concern ho wns
appointed supervisor of engines on the Baltl-
moro ft Ohio railroad , with headquarters at
Cumberland , and served In that capacity
until 1S5S , when he returned to hla first love
and again ran an engine. The class of engine
which he found wheh ho returned to the
service bore little resemblance to the skeleton
affair In which ho had served his apprentice
ship , and even at this late day ho grown
enthusiastic when speaking of the beautiful
and well put up machine which was placed
nt his disposal. He remained In the ssrvlco
until 1801 , when the company appointed htm
agent at Martlnsburg , whence ho wns trans
ferred to Relay House , seven miles from
naltlmore , also as agent. In 1SG2 ho was
transferred to Harper's Kerry ns the com
pany's agent , and was at that point all
through the war , when he experienced many
hardships. Ho describes the times ns having
been trying and hard. From Harper's Ferry
he wcs transferred to Marttnsburg ns as
sistant superintendent of trains , but remained
there only three months , and was reappointed -
appointed supervisor of machinery of the
second division. In this capacity he served
for eight years , and left the employ of the
company In 1873. In speaking of his rail
road life the veteran said :
A LIFE WITHOUT ACCIDENT.
"I have never had a serious accident and
the only bruise I over received while In the
service was caused by some brambles which
scratched my face wllcn I1 tumbled with my
engine Into a ditch. < I drfn't know whether
I should attribute this to luck or to good
management ; In fact I never gave It a
thought. I have lived since 1873 In the
white house on the heights and have gone
away from there seldom. , I have been to
Richmond In my day , , to Cleveland , and I
was In Now York In 1850 , although New
Yorkers'have been where I live since then.
My house stands on what was during the
war an Important brpastvjork and the Sixth
New York Heavy Artillery made Its head
quarters there for a long time and was fol
lowed by the Fifth from the same state , so
really my place comes pretty near being
New York state grotp4. | " ,
Of his eight children seven are married
nnd a son , 30 years old , the only unmarried
child , lives with the old' ' eople on the heights.
When asked If he received a pension from
the road which' he served so lonj ; Mr. Smith
shook his head sadly and It seemed that the
matter of pensions wa the only one which
ho felt no Inclination to discuss.
CUIIAXS IX THE UNITED STATES.
Their Number flrputly liicreiiKfil Since
the lU-ticllloii.
The business of clgarmnking , aays the New
York Sun , has been very largely In the hands
of two classes of clgarmalccrs of Into yearo
the Bohemians making the cheaper grades
and the Cubans making the more expensive
grades of cigars. There have been , of coume ,
many retail dealora , Americans , Germans
Russians and Spaniards , who make and cell
their own cigars , but generally upeaklng the
employes of the big factories" have been
either Bohemians or Cubans.
Section 8 of the new Immigration restriction
law provides that "It shall not apply to per
sons arriving In the United States from any
port or place In the Island of Cuba durtn-
the continuance of the present disorders
there who have heretofore been Inhabitant'
of that Island. " Under the operation of till )
provision , what will amount , practically , to
an exemption for Cuban Immigrants and
patriotic refugees Is quite cartnln to increase
the Cuban population of the United States
now Insignificant In numbers , nnd to nd'1
materially to the number of cigarmaltere
for this Is a business to which , meal natur
ally , Cuhano take on arrival In the United
States. Ily the federal census In 1890 there
were fewer than 25,000 Cubans In the United
States , nnd one-half of these , about 12,509 In
all , were residents of Florida , In which
Cubans form the most important olemnnl
In the foreign population. Exclusive of the
Cubans In nnd about Key West there arc
very few foreigners In Florida , but after
every successive uprluing of the Cuban- :
against Spanish control there Is an Immedi
ate Increase In the number of Cuban real
dents of Florida , so much to that the Cuban
question has long been an Important one lr
tlie politics of that state. Nsxt to Florida , In
the number of Cuban residents , was Now
York , with a total of 4,000 nt the tlmo of
the last census. The only other three states
In the country which had fully or ncarlj
Now is when you need
Scott's Emulsion , especially
if you had the Grippe , and
the system is depleted and
you are virtually exhausted.
A tonic won't do. You need
the combined , food and tonic
properties of Scott's Emul
sion of Cod-liver Oil with
Hypophosphites and Glycer
ine. It will give you flesh
and strength , " and tone up
your nervous system in a
manner that will almost sur
prise you. Asks your doctor
about it , if you will. His
word will strengthen ours.
Stand up for Nebraska !
Do it "by subscribing
For The Bee
And sending it
To all your friends.
The Bee is a thorough
Nebraska Newspaper.
1.000 Cubans nt that tlmo were MassichnasUs ,
Pennsylvania and California. There Is a con.
eldcrablo Cuban colony In the city of Now
Orleans , but few Cubans In other parts of the
state of Louisiana. About four-tlftha of the
total number of Cubans In New York state
at the time of the last federal census were
In the two cities of Now York and Brooklyn.
Relatively , there wens more Cubans In Brook ,
lyn than In Now York at that time. Since
then there haa been n pretty t ady Immlgra
tlon of Cubans Into the United States , and
particularly Into the cities of the north At
lantlc seaboard. In the fiscal year of 1895
the total Immigration from Cuba Into the
United States was 2,592 , or about 10 per cent
of the previous Cuban population here. In
the fiscal year of 1896 , however , the figures
ot Cuban Immigration rose to 6,077 , and there
has been no diminution of the tide ot Immi
gration from Cuba to this country since.
Key West cigars have considerable vogue
among smokers , basd on the belief that a
portion , at least , of the tobacco used In them
Is of Cuban exportation , and that , moreover ,
they arc hand made by Cuban workmen ,
whoso dexterity In the handling of cigars
Is welt known.
A Wonderful Medicine
Tor Bilious and Nervous aisorders.su ch ns Wind
and Fain In thof tomach , Sick Ucadncho , OtddU
BOSS , Pullncsj and Strolling after meals , Dizzl-
ncsnond Drowclncsa.Oohl Chills , Flushings ot
Ilcat , Lc33 o Api'etlto. EliortncbC ot Breath , Cos-
tlrenoaa , Blotches on the Bkln. Disturbed Sloop ,
rrlglitfulDrcnnD. andnllNorvouo nnd Trrmb
ling Bonsntlons , &c.nlion tbcso symptoms are
caused by constipation , ns most ot thorn are.
THE FIRST DOSE WILL GIVE RELIEF IN TWENTV
MINUTES. Tlib la no fiction. Every onfToror ia
earnestly Invited to try ono Box ot these rilla
and they \vlll lie ncttuowlcdgcd to bo
A WOWRFUL
t'3ILS , talion tu directed ,
Will quickly restore romnloo tocampleto health.
They promptly remove obstructions or Irrogu-
Inrltlco of the system. Fora
Digestion
they act llko innglc a few doses will work wonders -
dors upon the Tltat Organs ; strengthening the
muscular system , restoring the long-loet corn-
plosion , bringing back the keen edge of appo-
lite , nnd arousing with the Ilosobud of
Hcnlilt the \vliolo physical energy of
the huin&n frame. Thosa are facts admitted by
thousands , In ell classes of oocloty , and ono of
tbo best guarantees to the Nervous and Debili
tated la that Ilcccham'S Pills liavo the
Largest Snlo of any I'utcut Itlcdlcliio
lu the World.
Annual Sales more than 6,000,000 , , Boxes
25c. nt Drug Stores , or will bo sent by U.S.
Agents. B. 1' . ALLEN CO. , 365 Canal St. . Now
i'orlc , post pnld , upon rocolnt ot prlco , Boa'c
, , . _ . . ,
r- .n -n-ntlon.
O. Written Gaarantso to CUBE EVEKB
CASE or MONET ? REFUNDED.
Our euro Is permanent and not a patching up. Cases
treated ten years ago have never seen a E ) nipton since.
Uy describlncryourcaso fully we can treat you by mall.
ind we glvo the Bamostrong guarantee to cure or refund
all money. Those who prefer to como hero for treat.
ment ean do eo and wo will my railroad faro both wayfl
and 'lotel bills nhlio licro Ifre fall to cure. Wo challenge -
lengo the world fora case that our SIncIc Remedy
v/ll ) not euro. Write for full particular * nnd cot the
evidence. Wo know tbat you are skeptical , justly eo too ,
as thu most eminent physicians have never been able
to Rive more than temporary relief. In our ten years
practice with this JInclc Jtenieily It lias been most
dltilcult to overcome the prejudices against all so-called
rpoci.lcs. nut under our strong euaranteo you should
not hesitate to try thin remedy. You take no chance of
losing your money. Wo guarantee to euro or refund
every dollar and us wo liavo a reputation to protect ,
also financial baclttnc of M5OO.OOO , It Is perfectly
Fafe tn nil who will try the treatment. Heretofore you
have been putting up and paying out your money foi
different treatments and although you are not yet cured
no ono has paid back your money. Do not waste anymore
moro money until you tr ; us. Old , chronic , deep-seated
esses cured In thirty to ninety tlsvs. Investigate our
flprmclcl standing , our reputation as buslnos men.
Write as for names iicd addrct cs of thoco wo have
cured , > yho have ulven permission to refer to them.
It costs you only postage loilotliis ; It will rave you a
norlJ of Buffering from mental strain ; and If you are
married wliat may your cllnrrlns suiter through your
own ncRllpcncol If your i vrn j'toms ' are pimples on face ,
sore throat , mucous patches In mouth , rheumatism fa
bcncs anil joints , lialr falling out , eruptions on nnj
iiai t of the body , fcpllng or general depression , pains la
licad or hones , you hava no tlmo to w&stc. Those who
are constantly taking mercury and potash should dls-
contlnuelt. Constant use of turso drugs will rarely
bring soi es and eating ulcers In the end. Don't fall to
write. All corrcenondencti sent fcc&led In plain envel *
opes. Vie Intlto tha uinst rigid Investigatloa and will
go ell lu our power to old you In It. Address ,
Chicago , Hi.
Searles
SPECIALISTS I A !
Kcrvous , cbronio
und
1'ilvaic ' Disease !
WEAK
ardors of li n
muut Uy m Il
contuliutlon tree
SYPHILIS
Cured for llfo ojifl the pul thoroughly
el * n d from the yitem. PILES. FISTULA
an JlRCTAl. ULCBRS , HYDnOOBl.RS AND
VAniCOCEI.B permanently and uccei fullf
curnl. Method new nnd unfalllnff.
SIB1GTURE AND GLEET .o Cltre4
By Daw method without pair or cutting.
Call on or addresa wltli stump ,
DL Seail&s & Searia * Hi ) a must Nalfe ,
COHTSST ,
The Sporthif , ' Editor of
THE
Will bo. there no other Nu-
braskii iiowHpiuior will 1m
Huclully ] ) runresented at Gar-
son City.
Kor a full report of the con
test and ull iip-to-duto sportIng -
Ing news
READ THE BEE.
lilt. HA1HKS'4JOI. Ni'i-.fll-'lf
It can Ix ) siren ullliout tlio kiioHliMluiof
( lie luitli'iit In coiro. iMorarllclMof fwiil : Jll
effect a iwrmoiiCut and niwcdy euro , whether tlie
patient U n moderntu drinker nr un alcoholic wreck.
Hook of particulars free , todulmd of
Kuhti A : Co. . inth .li l > ou lu hi * . , Oraalia. Nfb.
GOLDEN SPECIFIC CO. , Prop's , Cincinnati , 0.
OCU * TlIM 1.1 U ri" lloek ou Uorpbti luUl. " is IU4 fcl-
JVotioc of Irrigation Ilitml .Salts
Scaled bids will bo received up to April
1 , H97 , at 2 p. m. , for the ealo of l&OOO
bonds of the Lillian Irrigation district. } 2S , .
000 of said bonds are of the denomination
of { 300 each und S7.COO of 1100 each. Ad
dress I' . I * aiETCAtF' , Secretary.
Walwortb. Neb.
"CUPIDENB"
MANHOOD RESTORED ThltRrrnt Vegetable
VltAllmr.lhf proocrlp-
tlonotn UmouiFrench tilijJk-bti.nlll quicklycumronaftill ncr
vous Of UL oa s ol th < > gpurramo uremia , iicb-j IxislManhooi ) ,
nts , IV.nslntlioj.icV-ytmlnM JtmUnlnm , Ncrvnn Debility ,
e , UnlHnoM to Marry , 1-MhnustJnit DrMin , Vnrlov-rlc nn4
Constration. ( It atoirtnll law < by < l r or nlRht. Prevent * quick
ness of Uljcharro. which It not chroVpd iMdi to BpprmMorrtKp.i n < ]
I armor * ACTPP nil the horron of Impolicy , 'ITl > IlH.ir.rlooikso thollvor , tlis
BEFORE AND AFTEH
fcUnprannd thfilirlimrynrnii of all Imparities.
' CDrinr.MJotrcngthfnsnndreotorcsiimRlUveftkcrF.'ins. . . . . , . . . .
The rruon tifreft > M nro not currrt br Doctor * H hraiiuo rtnctj- per cent uro IronMcd with
Frottnllfl * . CUl'IDKN K la the only Known renirdy to euro without Hn operation. ( toooiMtlrnnnb
! * A written cii rntit iRl7pn and money rMunwl If gU boxes docs not effect a periuiuicotcorei
AUOn boi , ilx for | \V > , by mall. Send for niKK circular nnd tcsUruonlftli
Address UAVUIi MEDICINE CO.I\O. Box 2070 , Ban Francisco , Cat fbr&ittt > y
Myers-Dillon Drus Co. , S.B. Cor. ICth nnd Fnrnain , Omahn , Neb.
When In doubt wrut to use fet
Nervous Debility. LOM of Tower.
Impotcncv.AtrophviVaricocelearid
other weaknesses , Irom any causa
use Setlnc Pills. Drains checked
and full vlffor quickly rettored.
If nftlKlw. & trobl i rwwll hlillf.
Mulled for $ l.000 ; boxes (5.00. Will
$ .1.00 orders we cive n guarantee >
cure or rrfund the money. AiMrrM
DUUU ( . O. . Utnnnn. Neb.
Can you define what is a Newspaper ?
A Newspaper is a publication issued at stated intervals.
What are the duties of a Newspaper ?
To publish all the news both local and foreign ,
Can you tell me what paper does this ?
The Omaha Bee.
Are there any others ?
There are some that make a pretense of publishing all
the news , but there is only one that does , that is The
Omaha Bee.
You are right if you want to read it all , you must
At the recent cycle shows , the
would-bo imitators of the fork
and corrugated hub which have
made the
famous , by actual count
numbered forty ; copying as
closely as the ma
kers dared , ono or
both these features ,
A fact like this only
increases the pres
tige of the Sterling.
Send for Catalogue.
GATE CITY CYCLE CO. ,
424 S. FUteenth St. ,
OMA1IA , HEB.
: \M\E \ \ A
AJAX TAULETSrOHlTlVJILV CU K
A 1.1 * ri'oi ( / > ; * railing Mom *
ory , Iniitotunc'y.HlucplttMineriiituto .tcuwsd
by Atiut-aund othur Kirpwe1 ! nnd ludU-
crotion * . They i/itlrfdit nntl urt7rs
luMoiu I/ml VHulity inoduroan | r und
. „ lit u in'in for t tu < ly.luin < Hsor mnrrtttgu
_ . I" ? I'rcvont Insanity nnd ( Vuiaumi'liou ' | f
taken In tinm. Their n * ultovrs iinnicdlato Improra *
men land effect * n CUKK wh&ro all otlirs tall. In
iltttui'un ' linvitijt tlin nwnuli.o AJax Tablets. TJu-y
burn cm od Uicmtfiuidanixl will euro 3011V'e civa a
ponltitu written cuurantoo tu Affect a euro In ouch CUKO
or refund tlio ranupy , 1'rlee 6O cents tier imcknuu , or
nil jpucki. ( H { full tioatmnnt ] for S2.ni ) . Ily mull , In
pi ft f u wrHpnrr , upon rbceli'tof prlcu * Circular frc * .
AJAX REMEDY CO. , nftSXifr
Vor sale In Omaha by Jam i Forsytli , 202 N ,
ICth Blri-et.
Kulin & Co. , 15th and Douglas Streets ,
, . . . , .
v.itvMce.vr X IIC.IKU jiau.wrtii nrnmrnt
'ENNYROYAL PILLS
> - / ? * ' v Orl lnul ami Only Genuine.
nArc , alwtTi rrlli'jlo. LPIC nk ,
JSA ITujilit ur nMttttri rupiM Plf-t
"jfjl.ou" . c il l vhli Man rlh. n. TuUo
. , fj ) tiaia aatt loaialaia. Ai Illuj ; l.n. orrtnl Jc
' ' ' " ° l
Vs * f " * ' * " ' * $ l 'l'f . ' ' ' ' 'It' l luri
M.tf ' ' " ' * * * ? * * rl * " IUvai7fllttl" *
A CURE FOR MEN
Dr , 15 , C. West's Nerve and Drain Treatment
U a Kuarantc-fil cure for Ixist Manhood. l'rcmu >
lura Old Afc-f. Involuntary I''niUslona and .Sier- [
nmtorrhoea cuuted liy Ovrr-lCxiTtlim of llio
Drain , Kolf-AbimfB or Over-Indulgence , 1'rlco
Jl.W per box ; six for JO.00. Ily mall , In jilaln
wiopiiurs , on receipt of price ,
( iOOD.MA.V'H 1MIAHMARV ,
: OS a Uth street. Omaha.
PHOl'OSALS roil KKIiSIl VKQKTA-
bles Headquarters Department of tlio
I'lnttf , Ollloo of tliu C'hlcf CommlHsary ,
Omaha , Nul ) . , March 11 1(97 , Healed pro-
poaalH , In trlnllcatc , will be received huru
until 11 o'clock a , in. , central standard time ,
March 25 , IfcUT , and then opened nulillely , for
furnlshlnp and delivery of micli ciuuntUle
of potatoes < IH muy bo required by tliu 8ub-
ulatcncQ Department at Omaha , Nob. , and
at Korts Nlobraru and ItohliiHon. Neb. ; Kort
D. A. Itussfll. Wyo. . and Kort Mcude , S , D.
I'ropcsal.swill also be received und opened
by thi ) Commissaries at Kortu Nlobrarn.
Tloblnson , D , A , UUBF H nnd M cndu until 10
o'clock u , m. , mountain Btumlurd time ,
Maroh 25 , 1S 7 , each Post CommlHsary re-
ociviiiK propomtls for his own peat only.
The rlplit la reserved to reject any or till
proposals In whole or In part , Illank pro
posals and specifications , showing In detail
thu articled nnd quantities required , and
BlvlMK full Information as to conditions of
contract , will bo furnished on application
to any of the above mentioned olllci r.-i.
KKANK B. NVK , Major and C , 8.
A Handsome Complexion
ia one of the Greatest clmrnis a woman can
possess , POZZONI'B CoufLKXiou I'owuiiU
gives it ,
RAILWAY TIME
leaves IllunUNGTON & JIO. RIVKU.IArrlvcs
OmnlmlUnlon Depot , 10th & Mason Sls.l Omaha
S:25am : . Denver , . 9:33am :
4:3. : > pm.ilk Hills , Mont & 1'uget Hml Kx. 4:05pm :
4:3dim : | . Denver Uxprosa . 4ODpm :
7 :0.ipm. . . . Lincoln Ix > cnl ( ex. Sunday ) . . . , 7:43im : |
2:5511111. : . . . Lincoln local ( ex.Suniayj. _ . , .ll:30am :
flciives | CtlTcAnornUnLINGTONQ.j Arrives"
OnmhalUnlon Depot , lOtn & Mneon St3. | Omaha
5C."iin . Chicago Vestibule . SiOOam
0 : < huin . Chicago HxpresB . 4:15pm
7Mpm. : ! . . .Chicago & St. Louis Express. . . . 8:20am :
ll(0ain : . Paclllc Junction Loc.il . GHOpm
_ . . Fast Mull . 2COi : > m
Zx-avoa IrinCAOO , Mil * & ST. PAUUlArrlvcs"
OmahnlUnlon Depot , 10th & Mason Stn. ) Omuha
3:30i : > m . Chicago Limited 8OT : > ani
1 : COam. . . Chicago lixiiretsC ex Su 3Mpm ;
OmnlmlUnlon Depot , 10th .1 Mucon Sts. | Onmlia
lOMJam * . Eastern Express . , , . , . 3:40pm :
4:43im : | . VcMlljiileil I.lmliuil" . GIOpm :
B55pm ; . St. Paul Uxpicst . 930.uu ;
0:40am . St. Paul Winlted . 9Bpm : (
730am ; . Slr.ux City L icnl . ll:10jiu
C:30pm : . Omnlia-ClilenKO Bpeclnl . SiOOum
. Missouri Vutley Local . H:30am :
Except Bun.lay. * * Except Monday. _
. .
OmalialUnlon Depot , 10th & Mason t > . Omali *
10:40nm..Atlantic : Express ( - = . Suncliiy ) . .
7iCUpm Nlflit ICxiifHbs 8:15am :
4:50pm..Chicago : v'cutllmled Limited. . . . LK\m\ : \
4SCpm..St. : Paul Vestlbulwl Llinltci' . . . . l:33pm :
WEST.
1,40pm..Colorado I.linllcn 4:00pm :
Leaves I C. , ST. P. , M. & O. ( Arrives"
Omalia ! Pepot , 15th & Welmtcr fits. | Omnln
12Mpm..Sioux : City Express ( ex. Bun..HS5niii ) :
t > :13am..BIoux : r.jty ACcoininoJatlon. . . . SiOOpm
| C15im. ; | . . . . fit. Paul Limited tlilDam
leaves ! - . , E. & MO , VALLEY. Arrives
Omalial Depot , loth ft Welister Sin. Omnlia
SiCflpm l''ast Mull ami Kxpresa CiOOpin
30pm.cx. ; ( ' ( Hat. ) Wyo. Ex , ( ex. Mon , ) . . . tiCOiiin
71iOam..l'"ieinont ; Lccr.l ( Bundays only ) . . .
70am : Norfolk Exprcnr ( ex. Hun. ) lQ:2Snm :
Gl..pm : HI. Paul Express 9UO.ini
I 1C. C. , ST. J , & C. U. ( Ai rives
OmahaUnlon | Depot , lOtli & Mason Bt.i. ) Omnlia
S:03am : Kansas City Day Express CilOpin
10OOlini..K. : C , Night Ex via U. P. Tmna. . r:30iin :
Leaven I MIBSOUIII I'ACII'IC . jArrlvcB
Omuha ) Depot , 15th K Webster Stu. , ' Omaha
3Wpm..Neljrai : > kn & Knnmx Iliiill < Hl.)2I'pnt ) :
939nin ; Kansas City Kx | > rezi < C:00nm :
" " " ' ' Locqj ( ex , Hun.V. , , , . ; 00nm
Leave 3 r sroux"CITY & ( Arrives
Omal ml Depot , ISIIl & Wcljntcr ( Us. I Omaha
GilGpm Bt. Paul Limited 9:10ara :
Leaven I SIOUX CITY & PACIFIC" . ( Arrives
OnmlmUnlon | Depot , 10th & Maron KU. | Omnlia
C:10am..Ht. : Paul Pasnenecr , H10pm ;
7.Unm : , , Sioux City PaBscmer , ! > ; u5pni
5i.5piii : , , St. Paul Limited _ iiiuaiii
Canyon I UNION I-ACIl'MC ' , jArrlvca
OmalmlUnlon Depot , 101 h & Maton Bts. ) Omuliit
S:2Cam : Overland Limited 4:43pm :
3Opm.Ileal'ce : & Hlrumsb'K Kx ( ex Hun ) , 3Su : ; > m
tMlimraml ; Island Exprenu ( ex , Hun. ) , 3rxjui : |
S:30ini . , , .1'att Mall , .10oani :
Leaves I WAIIASH I1AILWAY , ( Arrives
Omalial Union Depot , lOtli & Mason Kt.\ ( \ Omaha
4 20pm. , n:30im :
4-lC'pin Can on Hall..ll:0aro :
MoGREW
II TMV OKLV
BPECIAUIST
Wll.l TKKATt AU.
PRIVATE DISEASES
Weakneu ft Unorder ol
MEN ONLY
0 Ye&rs Kiperieti d.
V Vcan In Omah .
( look Kite. Coniuhatioa
nd Kiamiuatioii Kief.
14th and Farnam Sts
OMAHA WWII.
"
CURE YOUnSELF !
U > IHalJ fur unnatural
llii'li r n , Inrtumnullom ,
Irrllallvua ur ulcuiullonj
nl miicoua iiKinbruiio ,
, . „ . IUMI. | | and nut u.trlu-
ImtEYtMjCHtU'CMCO. ' KtBt or poUonoui.
u T ] Hold liy I > rnscl
'or Knl In ( 'lain ' wrapper ,
ty oxpreii. VferolJ , for
11.00 , nr 3 bottlci , { . ' .7J.
Circular lent ou - '