8 THE OKAITA DAILY BEE : SAJITniDAY , .TAXtTAIlV 0 , 1897.
Wool Growing In tlio Island Oontinont of
Australia.
GROWTH AND EXTENT OF THE BUSINESS
A llliilorj- Sliot lluiilintiilrr I'/irnl-
lelltitf Mio fit Hlo InilHHlry on I.nrn-
in I o IMn In * I'lochniniUiTN
tlic KooUlrpn ' Hs
It la now nearly n quarter ot n century
elnce Anthony Troltopo namea Australia In
general anil New South Wales In particular
"Tho I/ind ot the Golden Fleece , " ami tlio
propriety ot the title lias only bccorao more
manlfcat by the lapse of time. Year by year ,
says a writer In Harper's Weekly , the wool
production ot the Island continent has In
creased and still Increases , and there Is no
reason why It should not BO on Indefinitely ,
except the doubt how long tlio world's de
mand will continue to equal Australia's oup
ply. Up to this time It Is doubtful whether
most Americana know much more ot Aus
tralia than of Central Africa. The general
position and shape of this last of the con
tinents way Indeed be familiar as a sort of
geographical lesson. The fact that It con
tains colonies or our own race Is also gen
erally known , but beyond this a vague Idea
of KCUBons upside down and creatures strange
and unfamiliar comprises all that most people
ple * have known or cared ) to know about the
Australian land and Its people.
It Is certainly worth while to know more
than this about It from a business as well
ra an educational point of view , If It were
only because the United States lie several
thousand miles nearer Australia than nny
other country occupied by Europeans , except
ing our Canadian neighbors. Separated from
It only by tin ocean , which Is the calmest and
mwt easily navigated ot all the world's great
waterways , It would eecm that our commer
cial Intercourse should be extensive. It
hart not been BO , and the f.iult has been our
own. No country In the world docs so large
a foreign commerce In proportion to tlio
number of Us Inhabitants aa Australia. This
commerce amounts to a total export and
Import value of upward of $150 per head for
every man , woman and child of Ita 4,000,000
Inhabitants.
WOOL AND C10LD.
So far the great southern continent Is
chiefly known to the world at large as a land
of wool and gold. It Is true that many other
things are produced besides wool , and many
valuable minerals arc obtained besides gold ,
but aa yet the value ot these two has ex
ceeded that of all others. There is now no
colony of Australia In which gold hna not
been found In greater or less abundance , but
hitherto the wool production has been chiefly
centered In one. New South Wales has
always been headquarters of wool produc
tion In Australia , and about one-half of the
exports from that colony at present consist
of that product. Not lesa than two-thirds of
all the sheep on the continent are found
within Its limits , and ot all the wool grown
there moro than two-thirds Is the product
of that colony. This probably arises partly
from the circumstances of Australian his
tory , and partly from the character of the
country and climate. New South Wales Is
not only very much the oldest ot the Aus-
tiallan group of colonies , but with the slnglo
exception of a part of Wcat Australia it Is
the .best adapted for pastoral pursuits.
Queensland , occupying the northeastern part
ot the continent , Is for the most 'part too
tropical in climate ; Victoria , situated on the
southeast , comprises only about one-fourth
part the area of New South Wales , and Is
besides better adapted for agriculture ; South
Australia , on the south , has special capa
bllltlM for wheat growing , and West Aus
tralia , while It embraces within its area of
moro than 1,000,000 square miles many va
u rieties of soil and climate , is but just enter.
ing upon a pastoral career which may here
n after bo Indefinitely extended. New South
Wales , on the other hand , lying as It does
In the warmer temperate zone of the east
ern side of the continent , is peculiarly suited ,
both by soli and climate , for the production
ot wool of special quality , while the natural
features and character of most of thecoun
try render It comparatively unfitted for any
thing else.
CENTER OP THE WOOL TRADE.
Sydney , the capital city of Now South
Wales , Is at once the greatest port of
Australia and the chief center of the wool
trade. A stranger visiting Its noble harbor
at any time between November and the end
of February notices with surprise the num
ber ot vessels , both etcam and sailing ships ,
which crowd thu wlmrves and quays that
line the shore , apparently EO greatly In
excess of the requirements of a city of 350-
000 Inhabitants. These constitute the wool
fleet of thu ficacon , and , while they arc
chiefly British , they embrace also many
representatives of Germany , Franco and even
Italy , engaged In loading from the great
wool Btorcs that everywhere line the horbor.
These ships arc usually 'ballasted with
copper , tin and lead ore , and then filled 'up
with balca ot hard-pressed wool , which are
etonod as tightly as the chesta In
a tea ship. Circular Quay Is the
loading place for the great lines
of passenger steamships , which take many
thousand bales during each season. They
are not , however , part of the regular fleet ,
which only appears in Port Jackson ( the
harbor of Sydney ) during the wool season ,
each vessel making usually two voyages
one at the beginning and the other at the
close of the summer.
The only other consldeinble shipping port
for wool In New South Wales la that of
Newcastle , which Is alto the scat of the
principal coal trade of Australia , It Is
situated about 100 miles north of Sydney ,
at the mouth of the river Hunter , which
forms a safa and commodious barber. The
wool trade of Newcastle , while It la incon-
Mcrnblo compared with that of Syilney , Is
probably as large na th t of any other
Australian port , excepting Melbourne and
1'ort Adelaide. The wuol whipped at New
castle Is produced In the northeastern coast
district of the colony lying within about 100
miles of the ocean. Newcastle Itself Is a
consldcrablo town , containing , with Its im
mediate suburbs , -population - , of about 75-
000 Inhabitants. The trade of the port , al
though embracing wool and other products ,
is mainly coal , which Is raised In the
neighborhood and shipped for export , at
present , to the extent of about 3,000,000
tons per annum. >
O1UGIN OK THE INDUSTRY.
The development of wool production has
been so Intimately bound up with that of
the colony of New South Wales that It Is
impossible to separate their history ,
Originally founded as a convict establish
ment in the year 17S7 , the colony owed Us
first impulse toward a free and prosperous
career to the discovery W Its suitability for
pastoral pursuits. This It owed chiefly to
Captain McArthur. an olllcer ot the regiment
which was specially enrolled In England
for service in the new settlement of Dotany
bay. Tills officer retired from the force In
1803 , and , having obtained a grant ot land ,
Awarded
Highest Honors World's Fair ,
DR ;
CREAM
BAKING
MOST PERFECT MADE.
A pure Grape Cream of Tartar Powder. Free
from Ammonia , Alum or any other adultetar.t
40 Years the Standard ,
devoted himself to the task ot establishing
n breed ot Australian sheep of special value
for wool growing. Ho was banished from the
colony for the part he took In the deposition
of Governor Bllgh In 1808 , but on his re
turn , four years later , brought' back with
him choice sheep ot the Hoyal Spanish and
Saxony merino breeds for the purpose of
carrying on his experiments. The result
was that within n. few years the earliest
shipments of Australian wools were sold In
London at a price equivalent to nearly $3 a
pound.
It was only the discovery of the great
central plains of the colony , however , which
finally determined its destiny aa a great
pastoral country. This took place in the
year 1815 , when the great coastal range
known as the llluo mountains was finally
surmounted , and It was found that the coun
try on the Inland water-shod consisted
of vast grassy plains , Intersected at long dis
tances by largo rivers , nil apparently flowing
toward the Interior. Two years later , a con-
vlct-mado road having been laboriously con
structed fora distance of fifty miles over the
rugged mountain range , which rises D.OOO
fort above the wi level , the first flock of
KHcep wns driven Into the unknown wlldor-
nosa of grass country , and the history of
pastoral Australia began.
FI.OCKMASTKIIS FOLLOW EXPLORERS.
For years that history reads llko a
romance. Iror half a century the
story of Australian exploration and
discovery , second only In Interest and
nut even second in danger and heroism , to
that of central Africa , was also the etory
of the development of the pastoral Industry
ot the contlntuital Island. Year after year
the pioneers of discovery pushed onward
Into the Unknown wilderness , crossing ila
vast , lonely plains , navigating Its strange
rivers , which at one time flooded the coun
try for miles on cither slds their channels ,
cmd at another dwindled Into pclty streams
or wholly sank Into their sandy beds , disap
pearing often , too , never to return , Into Ho
trackless wastes and forests. And each stop
of ths explorer's discovery was dogged by
the Indomitable enterprise of the pastoral
settlers , Each new district as discovered
was occupied by men ready to make the
wilderness their home , and the very same
districts In which In one year the first ex-
ploreni had perished of hunger and thirst
were the next year occupied by the flocks of
the run-holder following on their tracks.
In this way the country which is now Vic
toria was opened to settlement ; In this way
the Interior ot Queensland became occupied.
In the meantime the Interior of New South
Wales became mapped out Into sheep runs ,
and It remains In that same condition to
day. The great plains which were originally
occupied "by the first selectors , who were
willing to pay a license fee of 10 a year for
the right to occupy a run of ten square miles ,
are now held under pastoral leases of fifteen
years' duration at rentals usually amouutlng
to about a 'penny ' an acr .
WASTE OV MUTTON.
The Interior districts of New South Wales
are thuc for the most part given up exclu-
blvely to wool growing. Excepting for ltd
wool , an Australian flock Is ot little value.
The population Is too scanty In the Inland
districts to eupply a local 'market for meat ,
and the cost ot transit Is too great to allow
of sheep being profitably .brought to dis
tricts where there Is a large population.
Thus it Is upon his wool and his wool nlono
that tlio pastorallst depends for profit. This ,
when packed In bales and pressed as closely
as possible In the local press , can 'be ' carted
profitably long distances to the nearest rail
road or water carriage that communicates
with a tmarkct. To meet the needs ot the
settlers the government has constructed
several long lines O't ' railroad through the
Interior In various directions , and by these
the wool is conveyed to Sydney for ship
ment. One of these railroads penetrates
westward as far as the town of liourko , on
the river Darling , a distance of about 520
miles inland from. Sydney. Another line
ot about the same length extends to the
batiks of the river Murray , where It con
nects 'With tne railroads of Victoria ; while
still a third line extends northward nearly
COO miles to the borders of
Queensland. Hero and there upon these
lines of railroad townships are beginning
to rise into some Importance , Biich as the
town cf Balhurst , near which the first Aus-
rallan gold was found , about 130 miles from
Sydney upon the western line ; that of Qoul-
burn , about 140 miles from the capital on
the southwestern line ; and Maltland , Tam-
worlh , and others on the northern rp.llroad.
These country towns are generally the cen
ters of agricultural districts of more or lesa
extent and Importance , and the nelghborhooJ
is beautified , 'by extensive vineyards and
orange groves , which flourish luxuriantl }
In. all parts ot the colory.
CLIMATIC CONDITIONS.
The climate ot New South Wales has no
doubt had much to do with Its wool pro
duction , as well as with the peculiar charac
ter ot the product Itself. The Interior of the
colony Is dry , and for eight months of the
year It Is also hot , with an average temperature -
turo ranging from (10 ( degrees to 120 degrees
in the slit'dc. This and the not uncommon
occurrence of lengthened drouths have so
far discouraged all attempts at agriculture
on any extentivo scale , while they have cer
tainly tended to produce the distinctive
characteristics of the wool. There have been
fiovernl occasions , Indeed , when the length
ened drouths has caused great less of stock ,
mainly owing to the scarcity ot water. . On
ono such occasion that ot the drorth ot
ISSS-fi It was calculated that at least 3,000-
000 sheep died In New South AVales from
this cause. Such a calamity is not now
likely to occur , at any rate to ao alarming
an extent , owing to the great Inducements
offered by the government to runholders to
conserve the water by means of tanks of
great extent , and also to the largo number
of artesian wells , which In some of the
driest districts now provide abundant un
failing supplies of excellent water. The
very large and extensive supply of under
ground water that has already been obtained
In this way in eomo ot the very driest dis
tricts oi the colony has led to the Idea that
before long much of the land may bo rescued
from the pastoral occupant and tlcvoted to
other purnos.es which may give employment
to a much larger population. Even should
the most sanguine of such anticipations bo
realized , however , there will always remain
very largo areas of the continent of Aus
tralia fitted for the pastorallst alone , on
which the characteristic wool of the coun
try may bo grown , and from which enough
may bo exported to supply the demand of
all other parts of the civilized world.
There U no belter proof of the excellence
of Dr. Hull's Cough Syrup than that it fa
recommended by leading physicians.
TIII3 III3AL TIIIXO.
How n St. IOIINVoiiiim | ItcHeiiteil n
Duilf'M Altt'iilloiiN.
A young nnd good looking married
woman , who lives near Grnnd nvenuo and
North Market street , relnteH the St. Louis
Post , wns detained down town In making
her purchases , rind Htnrted homo after 7
o'clock ono day lust week on the Franklin
nvenuo lino. She ix an observant llttlo body
and detests ; x muaher woiau than she does
a scorpion.
Previous to gottlnpr on the cnr she hnd
noticed a callow. Uudlsh , grown-up , 23-
year-old Infant , blessed wjtu the downiest
ot down upper Up oimuncntatloii , following
her. She hurried IUT Htcp.s to get away
from him , but to no purpose , for when she
got on the oar lie followed.
Slio sat down much annoyed , nnd ho
seated lilniFPlC directly opposite her. nnd
lioBiiu to shower killing smiles on her.
They were suuh Binlles ns are calculated
to make the sensible observer wish for u
Kood , sharp Cuban machete for ubout four
minutes ,
The masher , seeing no open response to
his attentions , concluded that the laily hnd
not Been Mm , so ha changed his scut to
the cno directly behind hrr. Then ho
leaned forwrird , his arms on the back of
the Bent , and coughed.
This action wus observed by all of tlio
passengcra on the car , nnd the newspaper
man was not the only one who longed for
an axe. Then he attempted to open up u
conversation ,
"AhemI Out rnwthcr late , aren't you.
eh , my llttlo girl ? " .
in'If bcF , ? ; ° S'r ' , , iwdon , sir ; I'm not your
llttlo girl/ ' icily repllul tlio little woman ,
as she half rosp to escape his attentions
"Ah , say. no\v , llttlo Klrl ; thut'tt u huwd
slap , don't you know.1 ' said the callow
masher In hla most dulcet tones.
"lo you think so ? Wen. there's ono
that's harder , " said the llttlo lady , nnd
Flm turntil on him and gave him A resounding -
sounding whuck on the face Hint brought
every man In the car to hln feet n If he
had Just made , an inadvertent connection
with the trollejpole. .
And the conductor carne in and led the
masher by the ear out the backdoor Into
tlui cold , blenk night nnd aroppcd him on
tlio hard granite blocks , whcro ho must
have heard the laughter floating-back from
thn car until It was at icust three blocks
uwoy , '
CHINESE COURTING CUSTOMS
Celestial Weddings at Which There An
Often Sad Surprise ,
THE SYSTEM OF CHILD BETROTHAL !
llrlileKfonm' * Kirn ) Look nt III
llrlilf Wlicit Snlulilu IN ( lie Dutj-
of < ho Widow Tlioiiy -
. tlul
"When I get married , " Is a phrase tha
slnglo men. as well as single women , an
fond of using. Crusty old bachelors an
occasionally taken unawares with It on thel
lips , and even they dwell on the word
softly , flometlmes regretfully. The young
people of China do not know this pleasure ,
And while many women approaching th
borderland of splnsterhood in this country
and many men who have been disappointed
In some affair of the heart may be Inclined
to think that marriage customs and lo.ws
hero are all wrong , it Is doubtful If any ono
could be found in the United States who
would not most seriously object to substltut
ing the Chinese customs of courtship ani
marriage. The fact Is that In China the
persons most Interested have nothing what
ever to do with the matter. Ilev. S. G. Miner ,
a missionary in China , says in a pamphlet
Issued for the Information of his Amerlcar
friends , and abridged by the New York Sun ,
that the young people there are usually ba-
trothod at a very early age , sometimes when
nicro babes.
This Is the way they go about It. Fre
quently a man having a friend In a similar
station In life , proposes to give his daughter
in marriage to his friend's son. They have
matchmakers and gobetwecns In China Just
as here , but they work In an entirely dif
ferent way. It is at this stage ot the
game that the matchmaker is called in. Tlio
children's horoscopes are cast , and for some
days the matter is weighed by both families.
The fate of the unsconsclous young people
hinges on trifles during this period. If any
accident happens In cither family , such as
breaking a piece of china or glassware , or
losing a trifling article , It Is regarded as a
bad omen , and the match Is declared off
then and there. Hut If all goes smoothly
the parents decide that the betrothal Is de
sirable , and Immediately presents are ex
changed , the parents of the girl coming In for
ths greater share. Among the gifts two
cards are exchanged by the families. One
Is ornamented with a gilt dragon , and has
written upon it Information relating to the
good points and shortcomings ot the boy.
Ot course the shortcomings arc few and far
between , since Chinese boys are considered
nearly perfect beings by tnelr parents. The
other card Is decorated with the picture of
a phoenix , and gives similar Information
about the girl. A thread of red silk with
si needle at each end Is passed through each
of these cards , which are preserved with the
betrothal papers in the two families. The
red silk signifies that the feet ot people
destined to bo married arc tied together with
Invisible cords. Lovers in this country gener
ally think that their showing for a great
degree of happiness In marirage is a poor
ono unless their hearts are tied together
in this way. These Chinese engagements
are as binding as marriage , although the
contracting parties may bo In absolute Igno
rance of the arrangement.
SUKPIIISES AT WEDDINGS.
Very sad surprises constantly occur at
Chinese weddings. So do they at American
weddings , or rather , after them , for that
matter. But they aren't the same kind of
surprises. Frequently In China no com
munication takes place between the two
families from the time of the betrothal until
the wedding. Sometimes one of the families
becomes very poor , or maybe ono of thu be
trothed couple becomes a helpless cripple , era
a victim to leprosy or some Incurable disease.
Mr. Miner says that ho knows of one In
stance where the prospective bridegroom was
an Idiot ; but nothing could prevent the mar
riage. Frequently the betrothed girl is
taken at once to the home of the boy's
parents. There she is .made . to be a servant
for the family until the marriage ceremony
Is performed. Poor thing ! In addition to
hearing about "My mother's pies , " If they
have pics In China , she lies to see her
mother-ln-law-elcct prepare them day In and
day out , sometimes for several years. More
frequently , however , the two who are to go
through life together never see each other's
faces until after they are man and wife. In
this event tbo bride Is brought to her new
homo on the wedding day In a hired bridal
chair , a grand aftair of flaming scarlet , elabo
rately decorated , and carried by four coolies
preceded by a band of music. Two of her
near relatives accompany her until they meet
two of the bridegroom's nearest of kin ,
when they hand her over to the care of her
new protectors. All her other relatives re
main at homo and bewail her loss as If she
were going to her burial Instead of her
bridal , which. In .most . countries , Is believed
to be the happiest event of woman's life.
Not one of her kin or friends ever attends
the wedding.
Upon her arrival at the bridegroom's homo
two women attendants stand ready to re
ceive the bride and servo her during the days
ot ceremony and festivity. The chair Is set
down , and as they open It a child and an
old woman , who has many sons and grand
sons , como forward and formally Invite the
bride to accompany them to the bridegroom's
chamber. They find- , him sitting -here , nt-
tired in official cap , gown and boots. The
bride wears parti-colored garments , with a
scarlet robe thrown over all. A scarlet silk
or cloth veil covera her face and head. With
the assistance of her attendants she trips
across the scarlet carpet laid for the occa
sion , because her llttlo foot must touch noth
ing else , and takes her scat on the bride
groom's right. Ho then removes her veil
and crown , the curtain Is drann , and ths
two are supposed , without so much as glanc
ing at each other , to sit and think , without
speaking , until preparations for the service
are completed. Ten to ono they got a pretly
fair Idea of what each other looks llko out
of the tall of their obilquo eyes , If they are
anything like lovers the world over , during
the period of waiting. When everything is
ready the bridegroom recrowns his brldo nnd
they walk to the reception room.
THE UECEI'TION KOOM.
A Chinese reception room would make the
average New Yorker , with his Idea of wha *
a reception room should be , open his eyes.
The whole end of It opens and looks out upon
an open court. Hither the couple make their
way , and by bowing their faces to the ground
four times worship heaven and earth. They
then face right about and worship the bride
groom's ancestors In llko manner. Next
they worship each other , or pretend to , and
rotlro again to the chamber , whcro the bride's
crown and veil are taken 'off for the last
time , her hair Is elaborately dressed , and
the bridegroom beholds her In all'her beauty ,
or ugliness , for the first time. Then .the wed
ding breakfast Is served. Nobody Is al
lowed to partake of It except the couple , and
oven the brldo Isn't allowed to do any eating.
She Just has to sit there motionless and watch
the bridegroom enjoy himself , During the
meal the mistress of ceremonies chants a
song written for the occasion , In which she
predicts that every known nuptial blessing
shall como to the young pair. Next they re
turn to the reception room and worship In
the same manner as before all the groom's
senior relatives , and are worshipped in turn
by all his Junior relatives.
The climax of the day's festivities is a
grand marriage feast , after which the guests
of both sexes are permitted to Inspect tha
brldo and make any personal remarks they
plcaso about her appearance or her dress ,
livery Chinese brldo has to pass through this
ordeal , and , furthermore , she must appear
perfectly unconcerned of blame or praise , of
harsh criticism or friendly Judgment. U
has always been said that the Chinese
women have most amiable disposition * , and
they must stand this trial. If possible , on
the following day the wedded couple visit
tlio bride's parents. If sbo has a lot of big
brothers , woo to the bridegroom unless ho
hands them out a good deal of cold cash ; he
Is liable to have something ot a serenade
otherwise.
After a month of married life the brldo
may visit her parents and relatives. Often
this visit Is a very sad one , for the young
wife has to tell of a very cruel husband or
mother-in-law , who makca life a burden to
her. Life U so lightly valued In China that
the taking of It seems to many only a very
llttlo thing. And. too frequently , unfortu
nate young wives take advantage of these
first visits hgniw to put au cud to their ex
istence. A man hnsibccn known to drew
himself because a nolfthbor pressed a claln
for $10. Again , only a few months ago
man was caught stealinR'church property I
Foochow. Ills son-lmlaw became sccurlt
for him and promised to h vo the old inan ap
pear at the consulate the next morning ,
About daylight the son-in-law aroused Mr ,
Miner and told him 'that Ma fathcr-ln-law
had taken opium durlng-thc night and Ron
to the other world , find tasked him to hcl
pay the funeral expenses. No wonder a :
unhappy wife feels that' she has a right t
take her lite when raon kill themselves fo :
such trifles.
Considering the strange way In which the ;
are brought about , ( horc'Crc many compara' '
lively happy marriages In China , and man.
people who put a full and proper valuation
on life. On the other hand , should a girl In
China lose her betrothed or a young wit
her husband , she Is highly commended I
she takes opium or contrives In some othci
way to follow him into the great beyond
Dutsldo the walls of many cities , notably
Foochow , and along public roads , hundred !
of monumental arches are erected to perpetuate
petuato the memory of young women wh
have killed themselves rather than outllv
their betrothed. Cases of this kind are al
reported to the emperor , and the arches
erected at his command.
You cannot deny facts , and It Is a fact tha
Salvation Oil Is the greatest paln'cure. 25c ,
"TinOrirlniiil Mmttcil. "
To Utah In 20 % hours. California In C
hours via the UNION PACIFIC. This Is
the fastest and finest train in the west ,
Tickets can be obtained at city ticket offlce ,
1302 Farnam street.
A PAI.ATIAI > 1MUVATI3 CAll.
Tlinl OIVIUM ! liy lli ; jRrorii'H Son the
UniiilxoiitcNt tit K.xIndMice.
What is undoubtedly the finest private
car nt the disposal of a railroad magnate
In this or nny other country was recently
built for E. H. II. Green , president of the
Texas Midland railroad. In direct con
trast to the economical practices of his mil
llonalro mother , Mrs. Hetty Green , he shows
a decided disposition to enjoy the good
things of life , and to make his way In ns
easy nnd comfortable a manner as Is com
patible with the duties of an energetic busi
ness man. This Is proved by the manner
In which ho travels over tbo big state o
Texas In his rolling palace , the "Lono Star. '
Palatial Is the only word which is applica
ble to this car , says the New York Herald.
Even the private cars of British royalty
pale Into comparative Insignificance beside
the possession of the son of the richest
woman In America.
The exterior of the car resembles the or
dinary Pullman coach. It Is sixty feet long.
It was the aim In construction to utilize
every foot of space in the interior , and It
might bo aptly termed a rolling flat , as there
Is every convenience lhat could bo found In
ono of the most modern of apartments. It
has a reception room , a private sleeping
apartment , a dining room and a kitchen
The principal and largest apartment Is the
observation or reception room at ono end of
the car. This occupies an area ot moro than
eighteen feet In length. It includes two
sleeping sections on either side , which are
nearly nlno f.eet long , but during the
day they can bo changed Into comfortably
cushioned lounging seats. The room Is
handsomely carpeted and furnished with
wicker easy chairs , a rolltop desk and
richly covered tables. There are also a speed
recorder , air pressure gauge , thermometer ,
clock and electric fans.
At night , If the occasion requires , the room
can bo divided into three separate compart
ments by partitions which fold against the
upper paneling. Two of these can bo turned
Into sleeping apartments.
The car throughout Is furnished In dark
wood , while numerous mirrors set In the
panel'lng light up the interior during the
day. At night light Is obtained cither by oil
lamps or an auxiliary electric system fur
nished by storage batteries carried beneath
the floor of the car. <
The passageway runs to the side of the car
and opens Into a sullo ot fhnndaomely ap
pointed staterooms , eo.eh . more than seven
feet long. In ono Is a ( Stationary hcd , while
the other contains 'a folding bod. Between
these two rooms , and connecting with each.
Is a bathroom about four and a half feet
square , with a shower attached.
Next comes the kitchen , to which eight ; and
one-half feet of the- length of the car Is de
voted. It Is as completely furnished as the
domain of any hotel cbcf. A good slze.l
range , a heater , coal box and table' are among
the articles of kitchen furniture , and there
are closets for china nnd silverware , besides
a refrigerator for the storage of meats and
delicacies. i
Beyond the kitchen Is the dlnlnpt room ,
provided with a larger table , at which eight
persons can bo eeatcd. The room is ten
feet long and comfortably furnished with the
usual d'lnlng room paraphernalia. The windows
dews of the car are n trlflo larger than thosa
of the ordinary drawing room car , and are
fitted with heavy plate glass. The Interior is
hung with heavy portieres and window cur
tains.
The best of nil Pills are Beecham's.
"Tlic NortliiroHtoru Line. "
1401 Farnam street. ,
The "Overland Limited" leaves at 4:45 : p. m.
The "Omaha Chlcago Special" leaves C:30pm. :
Fifteen hours to Chicago ,
nates low , Standard of equipment high.
IV1112X HI2 MAHUIEI ) AGAIX.
VotliliiK- Too Rood fur HlH AVlfc Until
lli Hi-aril the I'rlc'i- .
"I had rather a queer experience In Decem
ber last , " remarked the drummer for a
Boston fur house to the Washington Star
man , "with a customer of a friend of mine
in West Virginia. I dijn't go to small towns
is a rule , and , as for country stores , I have
lothlng whatever to do with them of course , "
The drummer for a shoe house , who struck
n'erythlng that had a sign up , showed a
Imposition to want to Jump on the superior
ilrs of the Bcston potentate In furs , but re-
Iralned.
"I was In Charleston , which Is the capital
if the state , " continued the drummer , "and
i friend ot mine In the grocery line had to
; o In a wagon about forty miles on a circuit
: o visit four or flvo of his customers , and
le took me along for company. At the meat
emote point we reached an old chap had n
; enoral store. Ho had only recently married
igaln and his wife was quite a showy girl.
\fter my friend had finished with the old
'ellow and we had taken dinner with him
10 called me to ono side for a private talk.
" 'I reckon , ' he tald , 'that you air in the
lido and pelt business , ain't you ? '
" 'I'm In furs , ' said I , a little Htlff ,
" 'It's purty much the same thing , I
cckon. Leastways we won't quarrel. What
: want to git Is a ueaUkln shawl fer my
ivifo. She's a good-Jookor , ain't sheT
" 'Quite a handsome lady , ' I responded , sln-
croly , for she was , for a mountain woman , a
; oed deal better looking : than the average.
" 'In course she Is and I want her to wear
; oed do's nccordln' . I never seen a sealskin
bawl , but I reckon frum what I've heerd
hat they ain't anything * ' flttlu'er fer a good-
ookln1 woman to wear. '
" 'A sealskin eacquo 1s really a beautiful
; armcnt , ' I admitted , ' 'and ' I'd be glad to sell
rou one for your wife. '
" 'An1 I'm mighty i anxious to buy one.
'rice ain't nothln' in a ciso ilka this. What's
me wuth1
" 'Well , I can sell you something that
vould make a fine wedding present for $150. '
"He Jumped away from mo as If I had
lulled a gun on him.
" 'Qecrooshyr ho ejaculated ; 'not a hun-
Ired and fifty dollars ; you don't mean1
" 'Exactly , and there are some worth three
ir four times as much , '
"For a minute he stood rubbing his chin ,
is If making a profound mental calculation ,
hen ho drew up close and almost whispered
o me ; I
" 'Say,1 he wld , 'don't say anything about
ny wantln' that shawl , will you ? You sec ,
nrco yoke of steers ain't ' , wuth as much as
hat dern sealskin shawl , and I'll be dob-
jobbed ef I kin afford to have my wlfo
vearin' ' three yoke uv steers around hero , {
lon't kecr how purty eho Is.1
"I agreed to ( Hence , " concluded the drum-
ner , "but I itold my traveling companion
ibout U OH teen aa we got out of sight uf
be old fellow and his new wife. "
SIx-TI.IH > 1' . M , Trnln ,
of the
CHICAGO
MILWAUKEE
& BT. PAUL HY.
Llest eervlce ,
ELECTIUO LIGHTS.
Dining car.
City offlce : IDOi Farnam ,
SOUTH AFRICAN MARVELS
Topped with a Snake Story and Tailed
with Thrco-Oard Monte ,
MULHATTON'S ' GLORY UNDER A CLOUD
A llnn'n Title nn n Corker 1'rnctlce
Slioln nt It I lord of Ilimn The
Iociint 1'cNt _ Inno- .
concc Alironil. \
The latest snake story comes from South
Africa. The New York Times declares It la
recorded In the Transvaal , published in
Capo Town , as cold fact , that In Sckukinl-
jand a native ran across a boa constrictor ,
measuring about forty-seven feet , which liAd
just -swallowed a young Koodoo buck , all
except the horns. The torus stuck out 0:1 :
each side of the reptile's mouth. The ua-
tlvo recognized the horns ns those of n
buck ho owned , and ho ran and got sticks
and pinned the serpent , which was dormant ,
to the ground. Then ho got hold of the
horns and pulled and twisted. Ho got the
buck out Inch by Inch , until halt Its body
showed , and then it canto with a jerk and
the boy fell over on his back. i
Before ho had time to think twice the
snake , relieved ot his load of mutton , was
upon him , nnd it seized his head In its
mouth and In thrco minutes the native had
taken the place of the buck , only ho was
all inside ; there was nothing left out to pull
on , even If a rescuer had come alone. Hav
ing swallowed the boy the boa deliberately
swung Its bead around and grabbing Its tall
swallowed eight feet of It , thUii closing the
mouth and throat , jlown which the native
had disappeared , and making escape abso
lutely Impossible. The Transvaal vouches
for the truth of the story.
LIONS A PLENTY.
Dcaldcii Bnokcs of thU ferocious and In
genious character , they have lions a-plenty
In South Africa , as the following from the
Capo Times of Cape Town shows :
"The following Is an extract from the let
ter of a young colonist In Mashonaland ,
sent to the Queen's Town Frco Press. Th
letter Is written from Belengwa , a place 11
miles southeast of Bulawayo :
"Writing to B last week , I gave a
account of a rather exciting experience
hnd with lions , but Eiuco then I have bee :
within two yards of them , hearing the brute
roar , and seeing them devouring cows ,
went down to Fynn's ( a son of Mrs. Fyn _
of Krell fame ; ho Is a native commlralone
of the district and a very smart young fe
low Indeed ) , to dinner. I was walking , as .
Is only three miles from hero. I forgo
to take my rifle with mo. I stayed a
Fynn's until 9 o'clock , and then walked eve
to the local store to post my letters , leav
Ing there shortly after 10 to return to in. ,
camp. We had been spinning yarns ot differ ,
ent lion experiences all the evening. Cense
qucntly when I left I was full of lions ant
their daring habits. However , I would no
show the store people that I did not quit
llko the walk home alone without a gun
and so I started , with my terror as a com
panlon. BeingIn good fettle I did the threi
and a half miles In forty minutes , and go
home safely. Very early next morning I go
a note from Fynn , saying that within hal
an hour of my leaving the store the lloni
had como down and taken four donkeys be
longing to a prospector , and three calveL
out of the store kraal , all within , fifteen
yards of the store. A hunt wcs organized
and we scoured the neighborhood without
result , returning at 3 o'clock In the afternoon
when we found out that the brutes had alsi
taken the partly eaten two cows and a cal.
belonging to Fynn. Fynn , myself , and
Orpen ( nephew of the treasurer ) , decided tc
build a echerm ( a small hut made of polei
and tied with green hldeo ) and sit up al
night to fice If they returned. Well , as 11
luck would have It , the night turned up bit
tcrly cold , with a drizzling rain , and as dark
as pitch. Wo decided to do relief for two
hours , and keep watch. The cows' carcases
were only within two yards of the schcrm
SHOOTING IN THE DARK.
"During my watch , from 2 to 3 o'clock , the
lions turned up , and announced their pres
ence with a roar. I do not think I shall for
got It. They appeared to bo very hungry
as they promptly started to eat the dear
cows. Fynn got first shot , and hit his llor.
badly ; In fact , we thought It was going to
ittack the scherm. However , It thought
better of It and cleared off. By this time it
-as eo dark that wo could not sec the lions ,
ind could only shoot by guess work. I got
i shot at the next ono and missed ; In fact ,
it simply went on eating. I fired again and
tilt. By Jove ! Ho roared and growled ,
gnashed his teeth , and tried to make for the
jcherm. Fynn fired and hit him again , and
ivo felt sure of having secured one at last.
"Presently another came up , and Fynn
Ired again but missed. This one cleared.
iXnother came up , Fynn flred , and this ono
: leared also. All this time we could hear
ny lion moaning -and growling , and fnlt
mro wo could find 'him ' thcro In the raoru-
ng , but. to our disappointment , when wo
; ot pu the brute had gone. Although great
lools of blood could bo traced where he had
ested , wo could not follow his spoor for
nore than n mile , the rain having washed
nit oil trace of him. Wo spent two days
n trying to find the bodies without success.
: am eorry , as I made so sure of having hit
ind killed my one. I darcay eomo ono
vlll bo fortunate enough to find his ckin
) efore destroyed by birds. The whole cx-
icrlcnco was novel and exciting. Orpen
lid not get a shot , as the lions came up
rom the lee side and wo did not dare
nove. Two were killed some time ago
vltli spring guns. This district Is fairly
emnilng with them , and It is dangerous to
novo about at night , whether you have a
'Illo ' or not , "
) THE LOCUST PLAGUE.
Still another abundant product of South
Vfrlca is the locust. Just look at these
clegrama from a South African paper :
"QUEEN'S TOWN , Jan , 2. Mr. Colin
Vlilto of Richmond sent In eomo locusts
oday that ho mot near there , traveling cast ,
hey are a new kind and have largo bodies
, nd long prickles on their legs. They cat
eaves peach , quince , apple , flg and wll-
ow.
, "POUT ELIZABETH , Jan. 4. The up-
ountry train this , morning passed through
warms of locusts of greater or lew
lenslty for 1EO miles. It has also been , as-
ertalncd that ulmllar swarms are on farms
n the Ultcnhago district. They are reported
0 bo a new species ,
"DUHHAN , Dec. 31. The locust prst Is
tow appearing , the swarm of hoppers hav-
ng hatched in Durban and Victoria coun-
le , where the ecreen system will bo
irought Into operation , "
i JUST A LITTLE GAME.
Last , but not least , they have in South
kfr'lea the world-famous three-card monte
; ame. But the Judges down there don't
eem to bo very familiar with It yet , or
aii't see that there is any cheating In It ,
a their story shows.
"Ilecently at Port Elizabeth Joseph Stew-
rt wns charged before the magistrate with
rnud by means of n certain three-card game ,
ohn Hendrlk Hugo gave the following ovl-
cnce ; I am a farmer and live at Hliodcu ,
car Barkly. I left homo on the 1'Ut Inst ,
3 como to Port Elizabeth , I was accom-
anlcd by Johannes Hendrlk Van Heerden ,
nd we traveled second class. Prisoner and
notlier man , whoso name I do not know ,
lined the train at Mlddleburg Head on Bun-
ay morning , After the train left Middle-
urg Itoad the prisoner said ho should llko
talk with us , and he Introduced a subject
1 connection with a game of cards In which
nly three cards were required. He said
o had been playing a game of cards with
man. Prisoner's friend said : 'Show us how
3 play that game. ' He agreed to do so , and
3ok three cards out of an ordinary visiting
ard case. Ho showed the other man how
3 play with three rards. Tlio prisoner and
U companion , after the latter hud the game
xplalned to him , started to play for money ,
'ho companion or confederate flist won ,
hen lost. Both of them then asked inn to
lay. I said : 'No. It U Sunday , and we
hould not play cards on Sunday. ' They
lien naked Mr. Van Heerden to play. At
rst he would not , but buing pressed very
luch ho agreed to stake half n sovereign ,
nd Van Heerden won. Prisoner suggested
hat the stakes be for 5. He drew out a 15
oto , ana seeing that , prlsonvr said ; 'Ob ,
lice ,
Saturday
Special Sale of Soft S flirts/
We aren't selling enough Soft Shirts , Rather we
aren't selling enough of the right kind. People are buy
ing 45-cent and 6j-cent shirts where they used to buy
shirts for $1.00 and $1.50 , but it isn't profitable economy
if they only knew , To show the difference between buy
ing cheap shirts and buying good shirts cheap we will put
on sale Saturday morning a hundred dozen of men's fine
cassimere shirts such shirts as arc always sold at $1.75
to $2.00 and to put them on poor people's backs we will
make them at a uniform price of one dollar each. These
shirts are full length , full width and full finished , by
which we mean that the shoulders are reinforced , the
neckbands interlined and the wristbands doubled and
stitched , and for good looks , good wear and good value
they are equal to anything that ever went out of "The
Nebraska" in a special sale , All sizes from i4.to 17
To go with'these splendid shirt values we will also sell- -
Saturday 2 pairs of homespun heavy all wool sox for 250
which at regular value are worth 250 a pair. These two
items ought to make Saturday an exceptionally busy day < '
100 Couchce In the special sale at $ S. $10 ,
the 70 sale different at $5 , $ styles G , ? 8 , ? of 12 , dining $14 , $15 tables , $20 , $23 In , ? 12. ? 15 , $18 ; | 20 , $25 , $30 , $40 and $50 all a '
$30 and $10 all at greatly reduced prices. about half price. I _ * _ $
CHAS. SHIVERICK 6c CO. ,
Largest Stock and Lowest Prices.
12th and Douglas.
make It 10. ' Van Heerden did so ; he put
down another 5 note. Ho lost that 10.
Prisoner asked him to continue playing , so
ho put down another 5. Well , I thought
I would try to get my friend's money back
for him , so I put in 10 , making our Joint
put In 15. Wo lost it all. Prisoner's fv-lend
urged me to play again. He said : 'Try and
regain your money. ' I did so after much
persuasion , and the result was I lost 10
moro. I would not play any moro , although
they begged mo to continue. I spoke to
tlif ciinrd about my loss , and asked him his
opinion. '
"Tho farmers lost between them 35 , an
then told the guard. Stewart offered to com
promise the affair by Riving them 22 10 ]
10 tell the guard that the affair was settled
The guard gave Stewart In charge for gam
bling on the line , but found llttlo monej
upon him. The confederate had disappeared
by that time.
"The magistrate held that no fraud hail
been proved and prisoner was discharged ,
South Africa , It will ho seen , Is a grca
place.
Others have fauna health , vigor and
vitality In Hood's Sarsaparllla. and It sursly
has power to help you also. Why not try If
oxre iiuximu ? ) YUAHS AGO.
What AViiH OolnK On in ilie AVorlrt In
the Year 17 T.
As ono opens the new year tlio memories
ot a tremendous century are awakened , says
the Rochester Democrat. Yes , It will be 100
years on the 4th of March since Washington
retired from public life , while Napoleon ( then
General Bonaparte ) was beginning his second
campaign In that bloody and ambitious ca
reer which "shut the gates of mercy on
mankind. " Albany waa that year made
the permanent capital of the state and Wash-
Inglon the capital of the nation , but the lat
ter was then only a rude settlement where
workmen were erecting the government
buildings. Civilization was limited on the
west by the Ohio Indians and Now Orleans
ivas a French city. New York contained a
population of 25,000 , and the only buildings
if that city Which aurvlvo are the Hall of
llecorda and St. Paul's church , both of which
, vcro then In the suburbs. The collect pond ,
iVhlch covers twenty acres , was thtMi n promt-
lent feature , nnd on ono of its inlands stood
: ho magazine which contained the1 national
; unpowder. On the banks of that once
'ninous pond thcro lay the ruliia of John
/Itch's steamboat which ho hod abandoned
n dr.spatr for lack of public support , and
ret It proved the possibility of what Fullou
: en years later rendered n great success.
Aillon himself was studying mechanics , hav-
ng abandoned portrait painting , and had In-
rented a torpedo. AVash'lnglon Irving was a
irlght scholar of 14 In Homnlno's school on
[ ohn street. Do Witt Clinton , tlii'n u yount ;
awyer. had Just been elected to the state
cglslaturc.
Alexander Hamilton , In 1797 , had given
Ifo to American credit , but having retired
rom public life -was practicing law , and
ind jusfi built his country atat ( the GraiiKfO
'iBht ' miles out ot town. Bryant , VanderblU
md lid ward Uvorett were In prattling child-
lood (3 ( years old ) , and Moreo of telegraph
amo was a lad of 6. Wlnllehl Scott wna
1 , and Daniel Webster , at 15 , wns In 1737
ireparlng to unter Dartmouth college. Henry
3Iay , at 20 , having gene through many
trugglcu for education , had opened n law
illlco in Lexington , Ky. , and Andrew Jack-
on ( ten years alder ) took his atat In the
Jnlted States eaiittte the Fame day Washing-
on retired , representing the new state nf
rcnncssco , John Jacob Astor was a email
lealer In furs , but owned his utore , while
ils brother Henrlck < was tbo leading butcher
n New York. Charles lirockdcti Blown ,
hefather of American fiction , was 20 , and
mil published his first novel. John Quint ,
kdams , ut 30 , was married In 1797 , and np >
olntcd by his father minister to Berlin.
Aaron Burr's term as "United States sen
ior closed on the 4tt ! of March , 1707 , and
o was soon afterward elected to the state
legislature , being then 32 , and tbo most
romlnenC politician In New York , Ho had
Iso just llxed liU residence at Richmond
illl , where Theodosla at It was ( he ruling
plrlt , whoso power over her father was
ho only sway ho ever acknowledged. Fenl-
lore Cooper , a lad of 8 , waa living with
Is father In Coopcrstown , then the center
f an Immense wlldernecs , where he formed
bat acquaintance with frontier life that
endered him n successful novelist , while
'etcr ' Cooper , two years younger , waa at-
ending school In this city , Noah Webster
t SO was editing the"Minerva , " Ho had
ar many years , however , been Interested
11 philological xtudles , and his dictionary
von then 'Wiit ? the great purpoxo of his life ,
t anay be added that the "Minerva" was
hanged to the "Commercial Advertiser , "
, 'tilcli has passed Us centennial , and Is now
he oldest newspaper In this city , Lyinan
Icecber , eon of a New Haven blacksmith ,
raduated at Yale In I'i07 , and tbo next
ear , havlug become a preacher , married
Your mouth opens you show
people the condition ot your
teoth. Lot thorn sco tliutyou nro ,
particular about your tcoth.
Set Teeth , $5.00.
Best Teeth , $7.SO.
Gold Crown , 2'2ls , $5.00
Lady iiUoiuiant.'ad Hoof , " Vaxton bll :
( ho gifted Itoxanna Footo , but how llttlo
did this young couple imagine the future
greatnesy of their children.
Turning to foreign genius , Walter Scott
at 2C was practicing law in Edinburgh , but
had already shown his poetical tosto by
translating German ballads. Burns had Just
passed away and Scotland was beginning
to realize Its loss. Edmund Burke also died
In 1797 , but ho Is still remembered as the
great friend of America during tlio Revolu
tion. Thomas Crmpbell at 18 was In 1737
doing literary work for a publisher and the
next year his "Pleasures of Hope" was an
nounced by the same house. Charles Lamb
at 22 was n commtrcial clerk with a literary
taste , and In 1797 ventured to print some
poetry , llttlo dreaming of the coining fame
of "Kllu. " Tom Moore also made his
debut In print In 1707 , being only 19 , but
ho was even- then versifying "Anncrcon , "
Coleridge wrote the "Ancient Mariner" In
1797 , and ths same year ho and Wordsworth
planned their joint volume ot poems. It
was a failure , which Wordsworth ascribed
to this "Ancient Mariner , " which , as ho
said , "No ono could understand. " Welling
ton at 2C was Colonel Wellesley and had
been ordered with his regiment lo India ,
while Neleon had just been knighted for hid
naval gallantry. Goethe and Schiller were
the literary lights of Europe , and the former
In 1797 produced tha most perfect of lila
minor works , whllo the latter the same year
ivns finishing his "Wallcnslein. " Franco
liad guillotined most of Its Iltcrateurs aa
well as scientists , but Mine , dc Staol , ban-
Itihed from Paris by Napoleon , was Improv
ing her retirement by producing tlioso
ivorks which rendered her the most popular
I'rench author of that day , SIn.ro thcso
: haractors center to a greater or lessdc -
rco about 1797 , ono Is naturally led to a
centennial review , which Indeed has other
points of Interest ,
MORKM'iY ' Sunday morning , Jnnunry 21 ,
Ih97 , any D. MoHclcy , elili'Ht HOII of Wil
liam W. and Alice f3. Moseley , Into of
fhlcnffo , III. , nifed 2.T yenrs and 7 montlm.
Funeral from 'JVcnty-"lxth and High
streets Tuesday , January iU ! , at " P. m.
" .VIMV llNiMirliM Daily. "
Now gold fields , New towns spring up In
he Black Hills mining districts. The
Northwestern line In the best , and the
iloncer road to the hllln.
J. H. BUCHANAN ,
General Pacsenger Agent , Omaha , Neb ,
U.Yctir loiiH Sinilli Via tliu U'lilnixli.
On Tuesday , February 'i and 16 , the
> Vnbash will neil tlukotu to all points south
it half faro , with $2 added. For tickets and
urther Information call at Wabanh oillco ,
415 Funiam street ( Pnxlon Hotel block ) , or
vrlto 0. N. CLAYTON , Agent , ,
Dc-iilcN Hull Ho IlnnTVH.V. . '
BAN FKANCISCO , Jan. 2W. ! > . B , Fisher ,
ho real estate agent who left town a few ;
ays ago , has returned , Hn pays ho did not ii-
eo from his creditor , ! , but went to Stockton
ecaiiko ho was ill. Ho denim ho has dona
nythlng wrong , and uays ho linn been uni
artunato In bunlnecs. owing to dull times ,
lo declined to dUeuts his suit for divorce.
f * fa ( * > aW PP ° % R Bl.
CAST OR IA
For Infants and Children ,
Ittv
A Handsome Complexion
la ono of the jjroutest charms u woman can
poieeaft , I'ozzowi'8 CoMruisiou
gives it.
