Image provided by: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Libraries, Lincoln, NE
About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 8, 1896)
10 TIIT3 Cm ATI A TATLT ) HER : 8 , T800. Bread Stove Pans An Look l-o t A $5.5 Brush sin till fnl Onvx thcscN nut } : 6c Tapestry /prices onN The li families nntiq nilicciit /IJni.ss TahlcS Curtain L'ice Cur- Peo- TO ALL BUYERS THIS WEEK , Pavi 4e J h ive llc.l 01)A , $2.75 $ tin elcj- tnt Suit well worth 7.SO ; ; n /fains : $ U Ltce\ : ' ; ai\ao ) in. , This Tapestry t.i 'Curtains $1.15- pje's AVIth every imreliiiN of $ Il4i * et of llver plitteil TeniMioon * . io 55-piece Din worth $ 01) nice subjects ; Week tain $ i25 ; Luce Curtains give of S 1U > it Iteiiiitirul I'henllle 'I'nlilc finer. Trade l'ni 4V xvoi-th § . > .5o \ Vllhery ptirehi of 15 O > t IIlie Ilimiiiirt Inotlt. $7 pair Tapcstrj SI50 ; $5 Utce ions of \ \ Kit -tery pnrehi of $ T.Vri line l.ni'Ke I'leture. ai the $7. SO Curtain S-1.00 AY I Hi verj pttreliiiN of stnn n IIinI'liiNli Sent Itoelier. Th s This . ' . Curtains 52.00. Salilaction \ \ llh of JJSUIIO tin KiiKllHli Dinner Set. People's Week Week 'Cfr P Mrs. / \ Jelly - P1 Flour Pott's / A \ Stand I -1 Sifter A full Irons / . ! ' , ° . , " ; , , \ 17c lie giro mi- ' Here arc semi items in the tlUU | 69c ' ' o TujJo * . cooking and heating- line of tnantol 'trlan China at ir . . ? ' Beautfy your home a * ? fo This fl-foot tinlliiiu | Kxton Pulillng Hod , ' 'Dinner Sot Moil Table , soils lemtlarly week'C t- - = wc- especial interest to great value with supported ' 'with lianilsotno t < - - furtV.KU , this wuuk , . - minimum cost IUATti , Ci.- = = : -s , \ seekers. wlro \Vy-rfI . woven derorattons , S3.00 L i * > _ ii2 / ' lii , worth f8 , 'worth MO , this wcoV. li liiiW ? Jack Frost tliN wcoV , ' K This solid that This upon 810.50 .arpcls This I'lcKiint Sldo- nu : ( eobliler oak llonkoaso isn't lost by 8U.76 .dSiSTi sent Itoi'k hoard , Milld oak , ill r very new Ili'n > la mi ole- has always A very we are proud nlculy II ii la h ud mid stvll < h , B nt antliiuo oak sold for nti'c Knsot , any means ; buvul platu mirror , This doiiiDinatloii worth $100 , Chon'onloi- v o Cake / \ . wortli Berry . Hook Tnsu and thli week d raw i-i'.s. very } s.O ) probably SaucePan RO.YI / \ Salver to sell and well worth fil.OO - \\iltlM'.r Desk. In A beautiful Carving Sot- nuat , worth iPJ.Vi , tills wcok SI i' > , this he'll be . A , . out Pan this week Ilnro Is Til antique iiiuhoitany tlnlsh. best slci'l and line bandies this week week A 30c /K iA 23i that buyers chair and well , fiino Hindu uat , door without , worth ilio class J17 , worth SU.CO Ibis wcolc of his hiding- 1'irRo 8c ' woith fl 'J5 , this wuek ' ihmblo 'fcml-ror- this ncuk 73c 89 50 - $1.35 p'acc by the door to proud 'celalii Din-1 arc time Kltchon tier Sot , 100' own bccausa we are yon Safe , worth ' ' read this. liar- . In 111 - . plecos. no jirup i red fur u unyuhuro ' and brown , worth everything gains Kroat Halo of It's better to IO.0. ' $18.00 , this week used in the this week , galore b ? prepared 8850 weaving is of 83-15 in than fo be unquestioned Iron our HOLD FAST TO YOUR MONEY hat caught TumblersSalls . nnd full lenKth and width. This much ordl- nap Tumblers/ \Salls and goodness. and Dnn't part > rlth u NhiKle iietiiiy until nurlly sells for ntioiit * 17 ; this wcok ' ping. This is 2c / \ Peppers yon knou vi'here It etui hi' limit Jinll-1 Boards A llrass Parlor Furniture Inducements the famous Estate Oak Pans \ eloiiNly InveNteil. nail \l ell > on wee you IMKO 2c uric iinir Wool > each TllN l arlor ! 29c assort- ' IiiKralii CuriietH lied Hiieli linrKaliiN UN IhfMc then your Cs i 111 llvo see here TlioiiHandsi of Omaha household 6c 'iilculli-d munt of mime ) IN truly wlNely expeuileilt imfliMl1.1 pll'OOSt lip- ers know all about It Ounr.inteed to hold ' IJtpl. ho'sleriMl In n i oultuuous lire for 47 hour * with SOPT 'Slllc Iamp 7ne All Wool A "e all v eel liiuralii Carpet. -lle ! Slik Damask , POAU The JoiutlesM A h 1'lt and Screw upholstered 'Shades In 31 IiiKrnlit Carpets A r O Antliine ICItelien Chair. . . ISe IlCKlHler Is what doea It. This week u In ImUcr 'illlTorciit color * ' . . A : . \\oven Wire Spring. . . . O7e frame , niculy J17.UO Astute O.ilt oak I.OO A $7.50 Iron Bed , brass triinnriiitfs. 3.15 ! ji.Oloven oarved and plush , ' -tho kind that1 ' If A SO.00 Iron Hotl , bru'-a trimmingd. . . 4.75 A l-i .OO : t-ileee | lleil Hooin Suit.if 1 .7. , full spring frame , worth rcnularly for A 811 Iron I5od , bni s triinininirs . . . -.5.25 \ iits llMI-iileee KnutlHli Din on ovrrv JI8 , this week 'W.60 , this week 8 A brass bc-d , siniihir to cut , wofth ner Set If.TiO i fully pleco t4.-i.Ul Worth ) , \ve can . llvo without poetry , music nnil 09-25 S2o , tb is week .18-50 A JJ .r.O Cotton Top MaltreNN. . . . llin I'liU We art. can live without conscience , wo can - week llvo without heart ; \Ve c.iu live without friends , we can llvo Syrap 4-Picco 1u * without books , Clothes WashBoard TIBC llut civilized man. cannot llvo without Jui IllR Cream cooks. Basket Board Here IM our loading Took Stove for this A 6c Sct44c BEDDING work ; It's ilKht up to date and KUarauteed 47c solid 9c 1 On a Itlll of ! ? 10.00 to IIP a wood b.iker. Regular prlco $1G.CO , oak mei'ts Piano ' In A nlee Comfort , ortli ! ? - " : 9l.tlO per iveek or ) JI.OO per month. this Meek Clilnr. tlllH neelt . On n hill of 1 ? io.00 _ 'Htools llnHli- This ChlldsCrlh with Clo ot , , - Q RE ed hi oak , , Miirtli , .sjirinu , wortli $ Tithls w'kuiUO Jl.- . " . per v eek or 1 ? % .OO per niontli. glass front Our n Illtle beller On a hill of ? : tO.IO ) _ slduf , ' and ma- ' . and ebony iveeli . this y. worth $1.00' iflt.OO , ijtl.no per v eek or If ( I.OO per month. worth S20 , ' On n hill of 15 r,0. < m tlilH week 'this week Sl-GJ vuirtli - A very II n i > Comftirt , $ n.OO , thin eelc . $ i.OO per v eek or i ? S.OO per niontli. 1150 llcrn Is , ! solid On a hill of 8 7. . . < ll ( An exeellenl ItliuiUet , n-ortli oak hlcelv ] ) ! p'- . " " > per iMM-k or ! < II.OO per month. linltatton Hanging Ijtil.OO , llilH weeU . Taiilo Ished Centur , reKular Oil 11 hill of IJIIOIMIO k-95 CutOi hiMKlil. worth .fL'.no per neek of 1-ltO.OO per month. A flni > ilt'uorated I'olory . A nooil Ciillfoi-iiln Illniikct , fully 41.50. On a hill or ijl OM.OO A water pitcher A beautiful hand anil stiiiitL | il cus Mill .Mt 5 north $1.1)0 ) , this welt . this ; -J piilntoil ' . ) In. ploH ! > pidor , \\orth 70f. Tub . , , \ v A Table larco , hl70 this Kllchcn week week I i 1I. < MI per vteek or l in.OO per month. this week 70 this week 9 c this work 350 22c Kced \ 2c ! ! A very heavy ItlanUet , Coeds , .1 styles , all vtorlh tfd.OO , tlilH eelc . wo are the very lat showlni ; n est , worth J3 , A linlr of ( I iioiuiil 1'llloMN , beautiful $1 and $ . " > , this north Sjill.OII , this neek . Iteecl KocKcr , week any ono for ' the " .solid com. of line Feather I'll- A pair " fort" kind , worth IOMN , north ijll.OO , thlM week ' . 81.75 i'j.oo , for A pnlr of ll\e irci'Mi. * Keiither 8150 rillouN , worth ifO.OO , thU wt'elc . DASH OF COMETS AT THE SUN They Conio So Ncnr nnil Yet Never Hit the Great Luminary. STUDY OF COMETS AND THEIR COURSES Krceiitrle WU | > H of Viuior Unit Arc ill Fuel I'lniietH , hut Are Very Dif ferent from Their llohnst Coni'luiiiloiiH. ( CopyrlBlit , ISM , by 8. 8. McClurc Company. ) Let us suppose that tliero wan no other Elar In the universe than our own HUH. and let us further , for the snko of making the argument clearer , suppose that the sun Is deprived of Its system of attendant worlds. Next , let fomo other object he Introduced which we may suppose to bo extremely light , llku a wisp of vapor , and let It bo ultuatcil ut a distance from the biin which we muy regard as Indefinitely great. Three two bodies , namely , the sun and this wisp of vapor , art : then supposed to bo abandoned to their mutual attraction. Each of these objectt ) will pull the other , and the result of the attraction between the two bodies will be to make them approach each other. As , however , the mass of the sun Is so vast , UORDAMK COMET , JULY 12 , 1893. whllo the mass of tlie wisp Is so small , we may fairly assume that -tho greater part of this movement will ho done by the wisp , whllo the BUII will remain comparatively at rest. The caseIs Indeed much the same In thta reipeet as In the fall of a atone to the ground. The stone goes down to meet the ground , but the earth at the etuue time comes up to meet the stone. As , howuvcr , the earth Is more masslvo than millions of millions of stones. , the actual move ment performed by the earth Is In thin case quite inappreciable. We may therefore say , with truth enough for all practical purposes , that It IB the atone which does all the mov ing , whllo the earth remains at rest. TUEMKNDOUS HATU OK VELOCITY. In the same manner wo may suppose the mm to bo at rest , whllo this wisp of vapor Is drawn toward It from the dcptlm of apace. At flrat. no doubt , Iho motion may bo ex tremely slow ; for the attraction of the sun decreasca with Its distance. Indeed , the wisp of vapor mls"t bo so remote that It would requlro thousands of years to move over nu Inch. Hut the motion progresses the body will gradually ncuulro speed , until after the lapse of a time , no lone that we shall not attempt to express It In nRureit , the Illtlo object will bo found hurr > lng In inward the sun with the speed of an express train ; etlll , the puce will grow until the approaching object will be moving quickly so rlflo bullet. TUo Intervening dltUncu Is now rapidly diminishing , but as that dls- tanco lessens , the Intensity of the solar at traction Increases , and , consequently , the pace at which the object Is urged onward becomes greater and greater. From moving at the rate of a mlle In. a second thu little object would gradually attain a speed not less than that of the earth In Its orbit , namely , about eighteen miles a second. Still the body presses onward , until a pace could bo reached of 100 or 200 miles a second. Finally , when the vapor would be about to make the tcrrlflu plunge Into the glowing sun , Its speed would bo upwards of 400 miles a second. The vastness of this speed may be realized from the fact that a body ani mated by so great a velocity would accom plish a complete circuit of the earth lu about a minute. The case which I have supposed IB , how ever , not exactly that of a comet. The movement would hardly take place In the way Juat described , in which the Mm and the wisp of vapor were both originally at rest. Such a state of things could hardly bo possible In nature. Wo may , no doubt , &IIUDOSH the sun to liavo been at rest , for It U only the relative movements of Iho two bodies which concern us. Hut wo can hardly Imagine that the wisp of vapor could havn been KO delicately placed as to huvo had absolutely no motion whatever except , Indeed , In the direct line toward thu sun. If , at the moment of starting , the object possessed a movement which would carry It In the course of tlmo out of the direct Urnto the sun , then a totally different condition of motion would result. MISSKS THE SUN AKTBU ALL. All the tlmo the nun was drawing this wisp of vapor toward It the transverse move ment would bo gradually moving the wisp out of the direct line. Now , though the speed of that movement may be very small , yet in the lapse of those millions of years that arc required to draw the body Into the bun , this transverse movement will have Increased to such an extent that the object will miss the 6un Instead of hitting It. In fart , after Its stupendous voyage from the indulluUcly rcmoto depths of space , during which It has acquired Its vast speed of scores or hundreds of miles a second , the comet will bo found not plunging Into the sun , but naming to ono side ot It , Whllo the two objects are In such close proximity their mutual attraction Is of course of tremendous vehemence. In virtue of this attraction the rapidly moving comet Is whirled round the sun , and consequently begins to retreat again toward the same side from which It has come. In this majestic sweep the comet describes a graceful curve. Coming In from Infinity It approaches the Kiln , wheels round the sun and then again retires to the depths of space. A : the comet has swept In toward the sun , In consequence of the attraction of that body. It may seem dldlcult to under stand why It should then retreat outward again , notwithstanding the attraction which now seeks to draw It hack. This may , however , be Illustrated by n very uluiplo contrivance. Lot a weight bo hung from the celling by a string. Let that weight be drawn aside and then released. It wjll , of course , swing down to the low ret point , and then , having passed through the lowest point , the weight will begin to as cend. The attraction of the earth pulls the body down , but as It descends It acquires speed , and In virtue of this speed It Is enabled to pass the lowrol point and to ascend In opposition to gravity on the other side. In the same way , the speed acquired by the comet In Its long voyage toward the sun from the depths of space , enables It to nwccp round the sun without being cap tured , and then to pam away , perhaps , nevermore moro to return , The nearer the comet Is to the solar surface , the greater Is the speed with which It moves , and consequently the more brief In Us sojourn In the vicinity of thu mm. A com'.t has , In fact , been known to graze the sun so closely that It parsed within one-soviuth part ot the sun's radius. In this case R period of two hours midlced for the comet tu completely turn round the suit am ] commence Its rrttcat Into space , COU.NTKK ATTHACTION8 AT WORK. The actual circumstance * piuscnted In nature are. not ( julto o Minnie. Wi * have assumed tliJt the sun and the comet were the Eolltury objects li | the universe. Ut course , this cnndltlun li not fulllllcd. Ihere are the plaudit surrounding tliu BUU , and theru are the countless host of ( tarn , Sotue of these objects may attract the comet with a vigor sulllclcnt to sway It considerably from the track which It would otherwise follow. In consequence of thcso various forces , wo arc not justified In discussing the problem actually presented in nature KU beini : exactly the same as that In the casu hitherto supposed , llut our Illustra tion will at all events , Eunice to give a general Idea of what actually happens. The comets are drawn In from the depths of space , they approach the sun , they swc-ep round the sun and they then retreat again to the abyss from which they have come. The laws of mathematics assure us that It is quite possible for an object , after journey ing from an Immeasurably great distance for an Immeasurably long time , to enter our system , to wheel round the sun , and then again retreat to commence an Infinite voyage - ago which should last for all eternity. It Is perfectly certain that this kind of mo tion , which wo know to bo possible , does closely resemble that actually performed by many of the comets. These bodies enter our system , they come Into the vicinity of the earth , and , under these circumstances , they are accessible to our observation. An they UOHUAME COMET , July 13 , 1893. retreat Into space , they gradually withdraw from our view. Many of the comets which comu to visit us appear to bo objects which huvo never been within the ken of the earth before , and which will never bo within the ken of thu earth again. There are , however , a few of their bodies ies which describe orbits of a different kind. They move around In elliptic or oval paths , ho that -their visits to our vicinity and their consequent visibility to the Inhabitants of the earth recur with moro or less regu larity. Of such a nature Is that most fa mous of all comets , which bears the name of the Illustrious astronomer , Hallcy , This splendid object accomplishes a complete cir cuit around the sun every seventy-live years. It will again display Its splendors for ter restrial admiration about the year 1910 , I'HOTOaUAI'IIS AND COMET LORE. Our knowledge of comets has been greatly extended In the last few years by the appli cation of photographic methods to the In vestigation of the heavens. Indeed , wo are evidently now entering upon a new phase In the history of the study of these mysterious objectt ) . The advantage photography for such Inquiries are obvious. In the first place , the plates prtticnt to us pictures of absolute accuracy. This is a matter of spe cial Importance In this research , because the appearance of comets changes so In cessantly that unless tbo portrait of the comet obtained on any particular occasion be absolutely faithful , It Is Impossible to correct It on any subsequent occasion. Not only from week to week does the comet alter Its appearance , but It changes oven from day to day. It is , therefore , of tbo utmost Im- portanca to obtain views of the body which oliAll be ot unquestioned accuracy BO far at thu aspect of the body Is concerned at that particular moment. There Is also another reason why photographic pictures of comftu are particularly Instructive. U Is a peculiar ity of the sensitive plate that It Is able to perceive and record luminous expression qulto too faint to produce any Impression on the eye. When wo examine thu photograph ot u comet , wo thus often find on It many details which were quite unseen by the ob- bcrver , no matter how acute his vision may liavo been , and no matter how powerful maybe bo thu tcleicopa which ho has been employ- I UK. It Ii , ludced , sometimes found that the tall of the comet , as It Is depicted on the plates , Is three times as extensive as the tall of the same body OH It Is displayed through a telescope. An Interesting comet , which has afforded much occupation to the photographer , was discovered on July 8 , 1803 , by Alfred Ilor- damc , nn astronomer residing In Salt Laku City. W. J. Ilusscy obtained some admirable photographs of this object at the Lick ob servatory , and wo are also Indebted to the same astronomer for a very interesting ac count of the physical characteristics of this body. THE NEW nOUDAME COMET. On looking at the photograph of the comet Hordamo , on July 12 , and comparing It with that taken on the following night , the ob server will be astonished at the difference In the structure of the two tails. U would hccm as If some Violent dislocation of the material of the tall must have taken place In the Interval which has elapsed between the times when the- two pictures were taken. There Is no doubt that visual observation would never have established this point so clearly as the photographs have done. It will be noticed that the plates arc marked over by numbers of bright streaks ; these are the photographs of the stars which happened to lie In the same field of view as the comet. llut It may well be asked how It has come to pass that the stars are rep resented by streaks Instead of the round Images , which we should expect from their sun-like character. The explanation of this circumstance Is not a little , curious and In structive. The comet Is In motion , and It moves so rapidly that lu the course of such a protracted exposure ! as that on July 12 , which lasted for ono hour and twelve min utes , the comet changes Its position on the sky through a distance which Is quite ap parent. If the camera had been directed throughout the exposure to the same part of the heavens , the comet , like the unquiet titter , would only have permitted us to ob tain a very blurred and Indistinct portrait. To obviate the effects of thin motion It was therefore necessary for the astronomer who was engaged In taking the picture to shift the camera slowly during the course of the exposure , and In that way to neutralize the Influence of the comet's motion. The picture Is thus made to represent the comet as If that body had remained at rest during the exposure. Hut the stars which were strewn over the background remained quiet all the time ; as , however , the camera was shifted , for the reason just mentioned , It follows that each of the star * ) . Instead of being repre sented by a point us It would have been In an ordinary slrtcral : picture , Is manifested In this plate by a streak. HOW TO HHAI ) THE STREAKS. Such streaks , if useless as stellar pictures , are , nevertheless , very Instructive. They reveal to us thu nature and the extent of the movement of.itho comet during the period which the cxpomiro of the streak expreases the apparent distance through which the comet has moved , Iwhllo the direction of the streak Indicate'tha ' direction In which the comet Is moving. At first sight , this latter circumstance may appear bomowhat puzzling. We are accustomcOito see a shower of sparks extending out -behind n skyrocket , and this tail to the rocket'follows generally the track along which tboxirocket has Itself advanced. Hut the tall of a comet bears a relation to the comet very different from that which thg stream of sparks behind a rocket bears to the rocket Itself. The1 position of the comet's tall Is governed by thu remarkable law that It must bo turned away from the sun. In fact , It would generally bo found that a line drawn through the comet from tbo tall to the head would , when continued around thu heavens , point to the sun. In the present case It Is plain , from the position of the star tracks , that the motion of the comet happens to bo almost perpen dicular to the direction of Its tall. Consid ering the very flimsy character of the tall of a comet , It may seem rather surprising that this structure should not bo swept back ward BO as to stream out along the comet's track. Especially Is this the case when we think of the enormous velocity at which the object Is moving. It must , however , be re membered that no atmosphere exists In the open space through which thu comet wings Its ( light. There would be no other medium to offer any rrsLitanco to thu ( Unlit of the tall , and therefore thcro IB no dllllculty In explaining how the object moves sideways through space as the photographs t > how it actually doce. There Is another very interesting circum stance brought out by these photographs of the stars , when wo remember that they form a background with respect to the comet. It will le > observed that many of the stellar streaks are visible right through the tall. To appreciate all that this Implies we should note that most of the stars here concerned are In truth very faint objects. They would , under any circumstances , be quito Invisible to the naked eye. Yet they are nevertheless distinctly scon , notwithstanding the Inter position of this stupendous volume of como- tary matter. Here , then we see that stars , even though they be faint stars , can never theless bo discerned through a thickness of hundreds of thousands of miles , of the ma terial which forms the substance of the tall to the comet. This enormously thick curtain Is qulto unavailing for the purpose of hid ing the stars. Yet the light from those stars Is GO feeble that the slightest film of haze on a summer sky would sufilco to extinguish them. This circumstance shows. In a very striking manner , how Insignificant must be the quantity of material which Is contained In a comet. Wo can admit this without , per haps , going quite so fur as to agree with those who assert that the tall of a notable comet may , nevertheless , contain no greater quantity of solid material than could be packed Into a portmanteau. Sl'ECTJlOSCOPIC METHODS USED. The remarkable movements of all comets , and the brilliant appearance which many of these.- objects display , make every circum stance with regard to them of much Interest. It will , therefore , not bo a matter of sur- prlso to learn that the spectroscoplc meth ods of research , which have already taught us eo much with regard to the sun and the stars , have been applied to the examination of comets. The results arc very instructive. , and we hero glvo some account of them. Wo must first explain that there are two totally different ways In which a body maybe bo rendered visible. In the first case , It may shlno by Its own light ; In the second case. It may simply show the light reflected from some other luminous body. The Illumination dispensed by a sun or a star Is of the llrst kind , that shed by the earth or any other planet Is of the second kind. The first ques tion which we liavo to ask with regard to the light received from a comet may bo thus stated. Is this light duo to some cause of luminosity In the comet Itself , or Is It merely sunlight reflected from the comet ns from a planet ? If wo had been restricted to the use of telcccopea , however powerful , It would hardly have been possible for us to have solved this problem. The spectroscope has , however , the power of disentangling the component rays In a beam of light , and thus Indicating their character In such a way as enables us to learn what the source of the light may have been. Wo thus find that the light omitted from a comet Is , generally speak- Jng , of a twofold character. I'art of It Is "undoubtedly reflected sunlight. This Is dem onstrated by observations with the spectro scope , which shows that part of the radia tion from a comet exhibits a continuous spectrum , marked by precisely thcso lines and groups of lines which are distinctly char acteristic of sunlight. The evidence on this point Is qulto convincing. Wo should , In deed , have been greatly surprised had It been otherwise ; for when the comet adven tures o near the sun , as It does In the course of Its wanderings , It must bo bril liantly lighted up by the great luminary , and , of course , some portion of the splendor thus produced Is naturally reflected to us , COMETS AS LIGHT GENERATORS. Hut besides the brightness which comets posses * In virtue of the sunlight which they receive. It Is qulto certain that they are also to bo regarded as being In a cur tain sense light generators themselves. In this respect the comet Is at once per ceived to ho a body of a totally different character from a planet. The splendor of Venus is duo simply to the sunlight which falls upon it. Nor does the great Jupiter himself emit m.y rays beyond those which ho imperfectly reflects from the sun. The comet Is , however , of a very different nature from thu moro robust planets , 1'art of the light which the comet transmits lu unquestionably duo to In candescence In the body Itself. If the nun were to bo suddenly deprived of light-giv ing power whllo wo were BurveylUK thu heavens containing the moon and a planet nnd a bright comet , then the moon and thu planet would Instantly disappear from view , hut the comet might still shine on , No doubt it would lose some of Its bright ness , and probably the tall would bo to a great extent short , of Us original proper tions. Thcro would , however , bo a cer tain amount of comctary light independ ent of the sun still forthcoming , so that extinction would not necessarily overtake the comet as It certainly would the moon and the planets. The spectroscope not only tells us of the existence of light Intrinsic to the comet , hut Its evidence- goes much further ; It in forms us actually as to what the very ele ments must bo to whose presence In the comet tha light owes Its -origin. We bore note the peculiar advantage of the spoc- troscoplc methods of research. They de tect special differences In the rays of light , thus often enabling us to trace each diffei- ent typo of light to Its source. DISCOVERY IN COMET RADIATION. The first notable achievement In the dc- tormlnatlon of the peculiar character of the radiation from a comet was made by Dr. Hugglus in 18C8. Ho showed that some of the rays of a comet which appeared that year were Indicative of the presence of the element carbon In the body of the object. In the case of this particular element the available Information carried us tomowhat fuither than Is often the case. Not only was the cxhtenco of the clement demon strated , but the particular chemical com bination In which that element appeared was disclosed. Hy Its union with hydrogen carbon gives ilso to an Important scries of compounds. The substances thus produced are very familiar. It need only bo mentioned that the common petroleum , which wo use In our lamps , IH a combination of carbon and hydrjgcu ! The spectrum of a hydro carbon , as oio of these compounds la termed , IK of such a characteristic nature that It can be used as a test to show whethct the hydro-carbon Itself Is present. Dr. Hug- gins compared the spectrum of the cornel now referred to with the spectrum of these hydro-carbons. The identity between the two .spectra was noted , and thus a splen did addition was at once made to our knowl edge. Subsequent research has confirmed the Important discovery th.it hydro-carboiri are characteristic ! components of many comets. For many years iia further Important addition was made , to our knowledge , of the elementary substances present In these wandering bodies. The light they dispensed appeared to bo partly the reflected light from tbo sun , and partly the light duo to Incandescent h > dro-carbous. Hut In 18S2 a great advance was made. A comet was discovered that year In Albany by Mr , Wells. At flnt this body showed the bright continuous spectrum duo to re flected sunlight , whllo the Indications of the presence of hydro-carbon were mainly confined to the neighborhood of Iho nu cleus. After this Interesting object had adorned the heavens for a couple of months Doctor Copeland , now the distinguished astronomer royal of Scotland , discovered a bright yellow line In the spectrum Indicat ing the presence of sodium. This observa lion was of particular Importance. , inasmuch as It afforded at once direct evidence of the presence In these celestial wanderers of another clement specially remarkable in Itr terrestrial relations , An emphatic confirma tion of Copeland's discovery was uresenllv forthcoming. It Is well known that the bright yellow line Indicative of tbo presence of sodium Is seen to bo Ooublo when ex amined under suitable circumstances. As th comet approached the sun the chaiac- turlstlc sodium light been mo quite strong The nucleus glared with the distinct yel low huu belonging to this element ; and , Indeed , by filtering away all other light in a process with which the upectroscoplxt U familiar , an outline of the head of the comet was obtained which was pro'luced by sodiun , light alone. SCOTTISH SCIENTISTS' WORK. To Dr Cupclaild and Dr. Lo'.iso at the carl of Crawford's obncrvnttvy at Dunccht wo aru also Indebted for yet ono moro Im portant addition to our knoA'lnlio of the composition of these bodies. In thu autumn of ISSi wu ueru visited by another comet , which must lunk ax ono of the meta famous of these objects which have appeared during this century On the 18th of September , loS : . ' , the two astrouomera I lmv named j observeii In the spectrum of this comet not A only the sodium line , but also six other Ilnei. The placet ) of these were carefully measured and It was found afterward that they were undoubtedly the chlif lines ot the Iron spectrum. Hero WBB indeed an other notable discovery. The element Iron , of such trai.sccndcnt Importance to IIH oi the earth , Is now known to be a comuitii- ont of the cometaryamlercri throtiuli space. Thus wo have learned that the principal elements In comets nro among tao ccmmon substances on the earth. Here , again , wo flnil additional testimony to that funda mental unity lu the composition of heavenly - . only bodies , the perception of which Is ono ref of the most notable results In modern science. sill ROllHHT IULL. , ur.i.icioi's. r ri i Illshop Nicholas ( Kusso-Grcck ) dcillcatcl the now Huaslati school In Minneapolis the other day. Bvory house In Sardls. Ga. , about 100 , la . . owned and occupied by colored people , um } - * they are all Missionary llaptlsts. Hcv. Henry Schclh , the pastor emeritus ot 55lon Lutheran church. Ilaltlmorc , celebrated last week the sixty-Illst anniversary of Ills connection with the church as pastor. Ilev. Helen Van Anderson him heromo pastor of the new Church of the Higher Life In Iloston. She wan born lu Iowa , Is about 35 years old , Is fair and fashionable. Ilov. J. P. LaiiRinorc , who has been ihoscn chaplain of the I'rotcstant Kplscopal Mstcr- liooil of St. Mary , to succeed Hnv. Dr. O. H. Iloiighton , Is a member of the English order known as "Cowley Fathers. " Doshlsa collcgo In Kioto , whlrh was started as a theological school by Chris tian missionaries , has , It Is asserted , fallen Into the hands of Japanese trustees who are opposed to Christianity , the mlsslonarka having been elbowed out. Iov. Hnbort Spuigcon of Ilarl8.il , India , declares that them are districts In llarlnal with populations of 300,000 and 500,000 without - out a single preacher , though when an oc casional visit Is paid the people listen eagerly and put chase copies of thu scrip tures and tracts. Baroness Hlrsch , the widow of the late Ilaron Hlrsch , has just given $1.000 to the Temple Nar Israel , of Columhux. fla Shu m.iilo the gift In icfeponso to a letter received four months ago from Mrs. Gabriel nf Co lumbus , who was president of the Hebrew I.ad IDS' Aid eoclcty. When the late Archbishop Ilu/mm was m student at King IMward's achool , Illrming- ham , ho carried off llvo prizes In ono year , namely , those for KngllBh vor&e and Kngllsli 1/1 prose , Latin verso and Latin prose , and If ; , ' Greek verso. This was a feat that hail never been previously necoiiipllslicil , not oven by Illshop Llghtfoot , who. as a boy , was ono of thu greatest prl/.o winners of his l'i * av' If The archbishop of Canterbury In referred ( ) . to as "his grace , " and ho writes hlmsel ( MFJ archbishop , etc. , "dlvlna provlilcntlu , " whereas other prelates IIHO the phrase "dl vlna pcrmlsBlonc. " Ho Is the 11 rut peer In the realm. At coronations lin places tho. crown on the head of the sovereigns , and the king and ijueen are his domestic parish- loners. The bishop of London In his provln clal dean , the bishop of Winchester bin subdcan. Iho bishop of Lincoln his ehun- , cellar and the bishop of Rochester his chap * lulu. lulu.Tho The third annual meeting of the American congress of liberal religious societies wIlTLr ho held at Indianapolis , November 17 to > UV The congress will ho composed nf two ; classes of members , viz. : First Dclceatu members. Any society numbering twenty- llvn or moro members , having contributed to tlio treasury of I lie congress a Hum ot not less than J10 within ono year , will ha entitled to ono delegate with a delegate * for every additional twenty-five members un to ono hundred , ami to thrco general dele , gales for every ono hundred int'inhoiiT oe ' - - such society. Hocond Kellownhlp ini'inhem. Any person paying Into thy treasury $ C yeai * becomes an unininl member' or paylni | \'X \ becomes a life member entitled to all privilege * of the congrfus. Prince. Hllknff , now Russian minister * once worked lu * Philadelphia locomotlv * , shop at .U a day.