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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 1, 1896)
THE OMAHA DAILY 1VEE : fHTNDAV , XOVl'JMHBtt ' 1 , 1890. MARVELS FROM WOOD PULP Wonderful Advance In the Development of a Great Industry. ARTICLES MADE FROM THE SUBSTANCE Silk MiiMtiK III. ' I.nl.-Hl Antillciitloii All r n in ) I'liiNllillllIrn iif - . I IIIllllltlNlf ) . ( Coti > rlKlit. IfSC , ! > > HIP R. H. McCIurc Co. ) The ntmminci'iiicnt , made sliiiultntieoiisly In Finiico anil In HngUm ! , that the dis covery of A proresa for the manufacture of silk directly from wood pulp has proven on umiutstlonible commercial success mentis not only tliat the silk worm raising Imlustry , IIH well r.s Mm 'silk worm Itself , Is doomcil , but It marks the Intent step In tlmt wonder ful advance , within the last ten years , In tlui use of woail pulp as a material for manufacture. Very few people probably nro aware of the varied uses to which tliln product , technically known as "cellulose , " Is mw put that from It now comes the larger pnrt of the paper which we use , anil most of the car wheels of the coaches upon which wo ride , and ml la for railways , and wagon * secms , paper rolls pcssern a hard ness and yield n finish which Is Im possible with rolls of steel. These calendar rolls nre made up In a very simple wny by taking a count- Ires number of sheets anil fitting them over a steel core ect on end , almost Identically In the fashion that you stick a pile of bills over n sharp-pointed bill file or holder. Iletwecn each of these sheets Is n preparation of Blue , and when the core has been covered thrse arc sub jected to enormous hydraulic pres sure , which gives them a wonderful hardness. The oilers of the paper arc then tumid In a lathe pre cisely In the samp way that a steel roll would bo turned , nnd so | FROM FOREST THUOl'GH THE PULP MILLS TO THE RAILROAD. wheels , and horseshoes. Imitation porcolaln- \varo , barrels , boats , window panes , furnl- turo of many kinds , telegraph polo * , drain pipes and tiling , paving brick , collins , car pets , tin t > ad , heavy guns , matches , yes , nnd portable houses , paint , artificial teeth ana even bleyelo frames. It would , Indeed , require a long catalogue lo tell of the protean fnrms which wood pulp Is now made to assume. To It wo owe the penny blanket sheet newspapers and the marvelously low priced magazines and cheap books and cheap wrapping paper. 'I hero arc In the United States two newspapers which nlono HBO up In a year more- paper than was produced In the whole country twenty- five years ago , and there arc five of six newspapers In the United States which together use up more paper than was made In the whole world at that period. Today great forests are being annually slaughtered to afford material for the.wood pulp ma- rhlnts. An enormous Industry has been built up In this and other countries , whoso capitalization and annual product runs up Into the hundreds of millions. And still these engaged In the Industry regard It as yet In the stage of short dresses. SILK FROM WOOD PULP. The latest application , to the manufac ture of silk , seems to conIIrin this view. Almost all the uses of cellulose , Indeed , nfiltlo from that for paper making , have come within the last ten years , and prob ably the last year has Been more now uses made of this remarkable substance- than in all the other ten put together. Now patents arc being taken out every month , nnd with the enormous extension that will In ; made by the Invasion of the vast spruce. nnd fir forests of the North Pacific coast In this country , and of Siberia , it Is en tirely probable that the next few years will witness a mill more remarkable ad vance. This late development Is somewhat curious In vlow of the fact that the Idea of grinding wood up Into pulp and employIng - Ing It for various purposes Is noti nearly BO now an mc.st people suppose. As far back n.s 1719 , n Frenchman named Renmur pub lished nn essay upon the subject , taking his hint from the wasps , whose paper-like nests are literally made from wood pulp manufacture * ! by these Insects. Hut It was only something Hko thirty or forty years ngo that any practical trial of the mutter was made , and It Is almost wholly within the last quarter of a century that the In dustry has begun In asLiinio nuy Impor tance. Its flr.it , and still Its pilnclpal ap plication , was In the manufacture of paper. In the beginning , it was lined purely .IH an accessory tu rags anil straw fiber. It being originally tlm belief that a paper of isuf- tlrlent utiength and tlrimicwi of texture could not be made- from wood pulp alone. Now , however , not only tint paper upon which this article Is printed , but the magu- r.lui'R and n u'ry large proportion nf the books now published are made wholly from pulp. - PRODUCTION OF PULP. Of the latter , how over , there nre two dis tinct varieties , that if ) wood pulp proper Mid tlmt which Is moro properly described us wood libel1. Tim first IK obtained by a purely mechanical and the second chiefly by a chemical proccts. The production of wood pulp proper IK simplicity luclf. The logu , uiually of Mprueo or fir , uio cut Into sullnMo li'iiKths. ' fioiii n foot and it half tu four feet IIUIK , anO these arc then ready fur the ' 'grlndcm. " Thcso pit-ecu have been uarefully freed finm nny knots and denuded of lurk , and r.uo Is taken that they shall bo frco from mir defects or rol. The grimier * are heavy machines , usually driven directly l y \\4'or-w licnl , and very much ri'bvmble u wlicatrKrliidliiK I'Uir very much enlarged mid r.i-t mi HH side. 'I hey conslnl of largo rclnry grlndiimui * of a special * tic.imtli , nnd of r.rlpx to hold the blocks against thi'so tnni'ft ' , Hydraulic pi tutu 10 forces thu block * of wood ugnluvt tku crluilvis , while a of water prevents their being burned by friction , and at the xnmo time carries off the ground-up pulp. The latter Is cither fed directly to the paper-making machine , or else carried to drycre nnd comprcusers known as "wet" machines. In the case of the latter the pulp Is made up In blocks , con sisting of about two-thirds water and one- third pulp , and In this shape Is ready for shipment. If , however , the pulp Is fed directly to the papuMiinklng machine , It la first taken In hand by engines or beaters very much sim ilar to these which handle the rags in rag paper making , which reduce ( he fibres to the proper length and glvo them the desired con sistency. When a vat of pulp has been properly treated the mash It transferred to n receptacle where It awaits Its use by the papcr-mnklng machine. Ily the latter It Is taken up on an endless brass wire cloth , the moslKR of which permit the wntcr to escape I as the cloth slowly travels forward. A sim ple contrivance keeps the wire cloth vlbra- ' ting nnd assists In the knitting of fiber. Next an endlcsi web of felt takes this thin layer of partially dried pulp and runs It through several large cold roller * , which remove - I move the most of the remaining moisture I and profs tin- fibers Into a closely-knit strip. | From this point to thn hot rollers the paper ' Is carried without niwlntnnco of further webs ! nnd ns the successive hot roilera pass over It the paper becomes dry nnd firm. A series of calendar rolls next tnkc It In hnnd nnd glvo It the desired smoothness nnd polish , nnd from thence It Is cut up In sheets or' , wound on rolls a desired. I ROLLS OF 1'APHR. Now , It Is worth' ' noting at this stage that the calendering rolls nre very often them selves made of paper , since , paradox ns It drm Is the surface which the edges of the paper thus prepared presents that a sharp flint pebble , passed through the rolls , will bo ground to pieces without making the slightest mark. Thus , In a literal sense , is paper made to make paper. With the wood pulp thus prepared. It hap pens that It Is Impossible to secure the same strength and texture of rag-made paper , and for a long time at the beginning rag and tit raw pulp was mixed with the wood pulp , In order to obtain this desired strength lor high grade papers. Hut nt this point the chemists took up the problem and discov ered two processes by which the wood was reduced to the required state without de stroying the fiber , ns Is the cate in grinding. Thcso processes consist Dimply In the treat ment of the wood , cut In small chips , with alkaline or acid solutions. The wood Is cut up Into bits about an Inch thick , and thrown Into vats containing one of these solutions , and then boiled nt a high temperature. This process reduces the wood to a soft , sapona ceous mixture , when It Is readily handled for the making of paper or any other desired article. This Is of course much more ex pensive than simply putting the wood In a grindstone , and at the present time the ground-up wood pulp and the chemically prepared wood fiber nre usually mixed , In certain proportions , to make the different grades of paper. CAR WHEELS FROM PAI'RR. Hut ns already Indicated , paper Is now- only ono of countless forms In which this wood pulp or word fibre Is now made up. Probably the next and most Important em ployment is that for car wheels. These nre , as a rule , made from straw pulp nnd directly from straw board. A solid disk or wheel , made up of n number of layers , much In the snmo way as the calendar rolls are made , Is forced under strong pressure Into a steel tiro. Then Into the center of this disk an axle box Is thrust , under simi lar pressure. When first the straw board discs arc put together , they arc thrust under n hydraulic weight of 8,000 kilograms , for an hour , and a pressure of ninety to I'M tons Is employed In fitting the tlrea. In this way a wheel IB made that Is about three times ns durable as those mndo of steel , and furthermore , far more elastic. This elasticity not only greatly Increases ease of railway travel , but It diminution the vibrations of the cxlo and bearings , thu elTeet of these vlbiatlons being to crystalline Iron or steel , where the wheel Is mndo of thcso latter substances. At Pullman , 111. , the chief teat of manuf.icturo In this conn- iry , a pair of paper whoch hr.vc n recorded run of almost 1,600,000 miles , u record which Is exceptional for nny kind of metal. This same wonderful hardness which Is obtainable with paper , has very recently been turned to account In licrlln , Oermcny , In the making of paving brick. There latter arc mndo from ordinary wood or straw pulp , to which sulphate of zinc IK added us a preservative. The mnterlnl being thor oughly mixed , It U put Into n vat where other chemicals are added and then sub jected to a pressure of 2,000 pounds to the siiuuro Inch. The bricks thus formed are placed In a kiln and baked for foity-clght hours , much as bricks of clay. Thrie wood pulp bricks weigh about three pounds , whpro those of the same slrn of clay weigh ten poundu , nnJ are practically Indestructi ble. Kurtheimore , they uru said to mcUi very little noise , Under this same procus condiillt ) for tht > u BO of ek'Vtrlo or telephone cables nio now beltiK made , anil drain tiling o well. Among the ndvnntagCH claimed for the latter Is Its exceeding Itardiivrs , ltd light weight. Its nouconducllvlt } ' of Ucat or found and BUlllcietit elasticity to meet i-.ll require ments. The dampness , expcili-iuci' uaudlly In ( he ruiicj of stone. Is a Inn abaout , end In price and uppenruncc , the tiling takes rank over that made of tlay. Similarly n dentist In Luberk Is a maker of paper or wood pulp U'clU , said to bo of flno quality , ( JUOWDING OUT 8TKiL. A illshtly dlrfmut procen 'In employed In thu manufacture * of wood pulp screws. Those nre usually of the larger size , and arc made from a compound of fine pulp , clay , alkali , salsodn and glue. After casting , or rather pressing , the threads are cut and the stock then treated to a bath of sul phate of copper. An oil varnish finish com pletes the work , and a tough , elastic screw valuable for various uses Is the result. Yet anclhcr miccesafnl application of this curious substance Is In the manufacture of telegraph poles. The latter arc hollow nnd very much Jlghtcr than those that arc made of wood , they are stronger and are said to bo unaffcrted by sun , rain or any other causes which shorten the life of the ordinary wooden pole. The pulp Is cast In a mold with a core In the center , forming n tube of the dwlred length. Collins , too , are now made In Europe of wood pulp , which arc susceptible of a high polish , look as well as the finest woods , and arc much Irss ex pensive. Still another Herman genius hao constructed a good sized cannon out of pulp. It h.ivlnt ? a Hteel core , and the exterior being bound by five lawers of metal wire. It In far lighter than n steel gun and Is likewise said to bo much stronger than a similar thickness of metal , Not to be behind the times , n Chicago genius has constructed n blryclo frame entirely of wood pulp , and would like to start u factory for the manu facture of paper blkts Ulcycle handles , made out of blotting paper , which In turn comes from pulp , are now not uncommon. Every one Is familiar with paper matches , which have come Into general use. Strips of paper , about half an Inch wide , nro first drawn through a combustible vat and are then by machinery turned Into long thin stems. These nre cut Into right lengths end the lieads dipped Into a solution of phos phorus wax and dried. Paper matches nro cheaper to make than those of wood , and within n few years this Industry has assumed such proportions that It Is not Im- pcsslblc that the familiar wooden match will become a thing of the pMt. HRANCHINO OUT. In Its victorious advance , wood pulp now threatens to Invade the c'oth and leather In dustries , os It has that of paper , steel and others. A Frenchman named Clavlcz has Invented p process of making paper thread. Hcforo being cut In strips , the paper Is steeped In certain chemicals which glvo It tenacity nnd ductility , and It Is then wound on bobbins and . twisted Into threads md afterwards passed through a pair if cylinders to ccat It and give It i glossy appearance. This thread , the Inventor claims , can bo worked up Into fabrics of various kinds and put to the or dinary uses. Still , another Frenchman lias found a way to make excellent sailcloth out of pulp , and another genius makes a very good grade of carpet lining , which furnishes a mothproof and clastic foundation for the carpet. Yet another Inventor , of Vienna , has found a process for the manufacture of artificial leather from reed beech and claims that n solo leather can thus be obtained superior to animal leather In firmness and durability. A pair of English chemists have discov ered a way to make a waterproof paint of wood pulp , which Is sprayed over buildings , ships and the like. The process Is simple and Inexpensive , nnd for painting large sur faces much Is expected of It. Still , again , a Frenchman has found a way to niako paper bags that are Impervious to water , nnd a Herlin Inventor has produced a fireproof paper , thin and of good quality. For that matter , not long ago a wood pulp works con structed a stove out of paper , which an- cwercd every purpose as If It had been made of Iron. It was , however , purely an experi ment. Paper window panes were made sev eral years ago In this country , and these have latterly been much Improved on In Franco. They have the appearance of milky glass and are admirable for greenhouse use. In the latter country , too , portable housro arc now made of wood pulp , very successfully , and a good grade of pulleys as well. FUTURE POSSIBILITIES. Paper boats and especially paper canoes are not at all new. but they have not come Into general use as It was expected n few- years ago that they would. Paper cuspidors , however , are to be found everywhere , and palls , flower po'.s and similar articles are now In common uce. Paper furniture , tables , chairs and the like are as yet a novelty , fu , too , Is Imitation porcelain ware , paper barrels , wagon wheels , horse shoes and the like , nut all of these are being made In a small way , and Indicate possibilities fcr the future. The latest advance In the art. that of silk making , can now bo said to be successful beyond question or doubt. Artificial silk Is being made In considerable quantities by two English mills , and by several others In France. There Is really nothing so very wonderful about It , since It Is simply doing mechanically and chemically what the silk worm does. The latter simply eats up the leaves of the mulberry tree , digests them , adds a certain glue and spins the ccllulose- Ilke stuff thus formed Into Its cocoon. The new process similarly takes a suitable wood pulp , treats It chemically , and forces this mixture through fine tubes Into running water , where It hardens and the thread thus formed. Is caught up by delicate fingers , dried , and spun Into an ordinary silk thread. The fabric made from this thread Is said to bo detcctlble from real silk only by meanu of the microscope ; U Is susceptible of the highest finish , can bo dyed In any colors. Is strong and durable , and Is very much cheaper than silk fabrics made from the product of tbo silk worm. Perhaps It would bo regarded as a hoax If I were to say that a line Havana cigar may liken Iso bo made from ordinary pulp , which only an expert can detect , but It Is nevertheless n fact ; and the sole reaapn thai the manufacture Is not general Is that It Is not now commercially profitable. Hero , too , Is nothing wonderful , since the source of a smoker's delight Is simply a mesh of tactolcss vegetables , flavored with certain chcmlcalo. The laboratory process of the soli may bo perfectly duplicated In the laboratory of the chemist , just as the work of the ellk worm's belly may be duplicated by n mi.chlnc. U Is n wide and stretching vista which thcv.- facts suggest , and It ro- qulrcu no vivid Imagination to plot the bor ders of the future of synthetic chemistry. H. F. JOKOSA. Tin : HICO.MPI\SI : : . Cleveland lyradtr. Boniollmcs I wonder If the mnn Who wlnu renown on earth Finds Hint the nliiudlts of the crowd Am of exalted worth. 1 wonder If , when In the tomb H ! : < waPUtl clay Is laid , Tbo labor nnd the loncllnotm Ho know Imvo been repaid , I wonder If the common mini , \\'ho drifts along through life. Content ullh love nnd praises from Hli children and his wife , Jinn not lens ciiuso to murmur at Tlu ( Inn dcoiecH of fine Than ho that frets for future men To find tlmt ho wan great ? Teller eczema and nil similar tkls troubles arc cured by the use of Di-NVUt'i \Vltch Hnrel Rnlve. It soothe * at once , ac < ! restores the tltmioa to their natural con dition , and never fall * to cure pllce. t \T ntnnniiTn AN IMPOSING Tbo Nucleus of a Musical Library Etartoc in SU'Xouis , SCOPE OF A .NOTAGLE PROJEC1 .Viiiiiliern of Ilirrr1 Volume * mill tin Seures ( 'umi | -rNtAlremly Aeeninu- IlllCll Illlll OtlllTM (0 ( lt < A illicit MiiMlelniiN'liitoreNleil. A movement Is on foot to equip the St. S : . Louis public library with a collection ol books that will not only be of especial In terest to the music loving public , but which , It Is hoped and believed , will form the nu cleus of the musical branch with which the contemplated library building of the future is to bo endowed. Prof. Fred M. Crundcn , librarian , Intends that a musical room will bs ono of tin features of the library , says the St. Louis Republic , and with this end In view great steps have already been taken toward col lecting an adequate number of the leading books about music from all quarters of the English-spiking world. A committee composed of Prof. Alfred 0 Ilobyn , Prof. Ernst Kroeger and the late Prof. Pommer once formulaCed a list ol books , which , In their estimation , would form a good beginning for the Musical II brary. The possibility of formulating a so ciety of students of musical composition , for the purpose of collecting the scores ol the great composers , was discussed and the to-operatlon of the musically Inclined pub lic secured. This Initial portion of the work will be Inaugurated this winter , and devotees of the great art will realize In a moment the Im portance and value of such n plan , not only to the reputation and facilities of St. Louis but also to the as a great musical center , opportunities and the advantages for study and recreation of a musical kind , that such a storehouse of treasures would mean for themselves. , There are very few wealthy enough to purchase for their own private use any thing Hko an adequate collection of the scores of the composers and this Is to bo the feature of the plan contcmpUtcd , and It Is thought that by a little hearty cooperation ration a vast and Incomparable collection of the kind described can BOOH be gathered to- gethcr and placed In the musical library , that should bo ono of the attractions of a city so well and favorably known as the homo of several composers of national and In some cases International renown. Among the great musicians who ha\e hclpc < l to make St. Louis famous and who nre expected to Interest themselves In the musical affairs of the library , nre Profs Charles Drumheller , Charles Kunkel. Al.rcd Ilobyn. Charles Lnnge. Ernest Kroeger , M. A. Gllslnn , T. H. Klmms , Max Hollman. Emll Karst , Eppstcln brothers. August Watdauor. Otto Knadbelo nnd perhaps a dozen others less widely known. Prof. Crumlcn. librarian at the public library. Is still acting on the suggestions of Messrs. Kroeger. Ilobyn and Pcmmer na rapidly ns possible , nnd has Just added and catalogued a large number of most Interest ing volumes upoiumuslcal topics. AN IMPOSING LIST. Following Is a partial list of the most notableof these , nnd In It will be found books that will iittrset the favorable at tention of all classes of people from the master of the art of musical construction down to the veriest neophyte , who Is still "do-re-ml. " tonnlng - - Dr. Rlcmann's "Catechism of Musical In struments , " a guide to Instrumentation , Is n book that will be found Immensely useful as an aid to orchestration ns well as In the study of harmcny. " "Primitive 'Music1 u.by JUohard Wnlla- schok , Is nn Inqnlry Into the origin nnd development velopment of music , and tells entertainingly of the songs , dances and pantomimes savage races. H gives Illustrated examples of all theae things and Is both fnsclnatlnc and Instructive , as well as authorlatlve. A series , "Masters of Contemporaneous Music , " embraces a biographical sketch of the principal living exponents of musical com- psltion In tha four greatest musical countries of Europe , viz : Germany , Italy , Franco and England. These four volumes are completely lllustrlatcd with portraits of such masters as Gluseppl Verdi. Sir Arthur Sullivan , Johannes liraluns and Ch , Gounod , and autograph scores. Prof. Ebenezcr Prout , professor of har mony and musical composition In the Royal Academy of London , Is the author of live most valuable additions to the technical collection. They are "Harmony , " "Counter " " " " Analysis " "Double point , "Fugue , "DMgal , Counterpoint ami Canon. " The story of Hrltlsh music from the ear liest times to the Tudoc period Is entertain ingly told by Fred J. Crowest , author of "Tho Great Tone Poets and Muslt'al Anec dotes , " and Ernest Newman's book about Gluis't and the opara Is another study of musical history. Kleczynsky's book about Chopin's greater works contains what Is left of Chopin's notes for the piano , and Is of special In terest , therefore , to students of the piano forte. Matthews on phrasing , Lobe's cate chism of composition , Marx's theory and practice of musical composition , "Musical Forms , " by Pauer ; Rlchtcr's "Manual of Harmony , " "The Art of Tuning the Piano forte. " ' " at of Spanmann's "Attempt an Analysis Music" Is described by a critic thus : "The modest title of one of the best philosoph ical treatises on our art yet published on this side of the Atlantic. " Stalner on harmony , Thlbaut's "Hebcr Reluhelt dcr Tokunst , " Upton's "Standard Symphonies. " A notable addition Is that of J , F , Hotume's "Modern Singing Meth ods : Their Use and Abuse. " BOOKS ON VOICE CULTURE. Probably no laryngologlst since Sir Morell Mackenzie has had a better opportunity for Investigation of the subject of voice pro duction and the effects upon the larynx of different methods of singing than has Dr. H. H. Curtis , the author of "Voice Hulldlng nnd Tone Placing , " and therefore the addi tion of the book will be welcomed by all vocal students. As Dr. Curtis has dedicated his work to Jean do Rcszk'O , and has been guided In his chapters on voice building by no less a person than Mine , Mclba It Is safe to say that this work will have an especial Interest for teachers of vocal music. Goodrich's "Analytical Harmony" Is a vol ume of 400 pages , .with 900 examples In mu sical type. The ( author deserves especial pralno for basing his doctrines , not on pre vious theoretical works , most of which are somewhat antiquated , but on the composi tions of modern masters , Chcrublnl , Jadas- Bohn , Herman , Gootchlus , Ucrlak and a score of others whose-names arc a guarantee of their works' meritJoro ! among the list of authors that hasTbccn added. Plans looking to ( the concentration of the work of collecting library of scores also are being pushedby * the composers of St. Louis , and It Is likely that students and amateurs IntercstddUn the progress of that art will aid In the tschrmo. rUATTI.U OP Tim YOlf.VOSTKHH. The minister , Itwas expected , would spend the evening with ithc family , and Mrs. Wil liams was most mrxioufl that her little boy should appear at his best , "Now , Willie. " she said , "Dr. Schultz will ask you your name , and you mint tell him It Is 'Willie. ' And ho will ask you 'how ' old you are , and then you must say , 'Five , ' and ho will want to know where bad llttlo hoyt go. and you must tell him , 'Thry go to hell. ' Do you understand ? " Not content with a repetition once or twice , Mrs. Williams drilled him again and again In the answers. Dr. Schulz came os expected , and after a nhort eonverkatlon with the hostess , lifted the child on his Unco and said : "Well , my little fellow , can you till mo your name ? " Imagine the aurprUo of the rr-vcrrnd doctor when , like a flash , came the answer : "Willie. Five years old. Go to hell ! " Gcorgo's father Is a republican ami up to , " week ago all Uio children have been strong McKlnley partisans. The other day. however. George walked proudly Into the homo with a silver bug pinned to his jacket An elder brother look him to task. "How's this , Gcoiyo ? I thought you were ox - Close Buyers Eager to Buy Tliis THE ESTATE TillP.ST VIT. O\K 11 cnlcr IH tin * only link Nlnvi * Hint Mill Klvc n conllini- IHIH llro ( lie NIIIIII * ii linril * r % ( Mini. \ \ < uimrniHcc H lo , _ , _ > liolil lire Mlth ( > \ - -'ij ' . . CIIllii : OISOKT CO VI , -M fur -IT ImiirM. Sleel ItaiiKeM are Iiaill- Thin Cook SlmeI , - KiiX 'I'lll-.N llllM * tillflllllOIIM eil e\clnnti < : > liy IIK . .liilnllcNHsh I'll mill eitlil Thej are innile nf , ( w Kiiml InlKer , Milillllli CIIM $ n < rt'\\ ili-iiiiiilil rculNtci- . rolleil iimlleiilile Nleel , KltliiKT coiniletc | control I uml ( llilM , i\ ® fe iif lire. Tlilx neck \\v all IIIII-IN closely rlveleil n KM pnli1 n xfi ? tin * Mcllinu nn $ | S ilntc anil M I lies Ilneil ulHi IIN- vfry iiroKy nlnvi * Inilci'il. ( IIII. fill- lieitliH. For tills eeli f M or III $11 , ( lilH MCC- fill10.00 iilYerlitK ain onlj Me nre 10.00 . in n K I n I H e e n I Steel xvnrUl S.'t. , , for $9.95 THE CORftl .SO . to BASE mm tom Basement Bargains. m Xever UHN UN KOIII ! n , to Iluril Con I Slut e Ntilit < IN Coal Shovel Ic Toil I'ol ! > * > < low UN lie are Kolii r < < > Con I lloil 1-te Coffee Mill --f Hell IlllH stove HIH | eek. Damper r.e Tmnlilers - < .IiiNl HilnUI A line HIIN < < I.til l.lfter te SallN A : 1'epiierM , eaeli He m Iliirner , mniriuilei-il In Htove 7,1 ni < Ulle Syrup .liiRo ( le et r-ry rt-Nicct | anil tvortl Slitte I'lpe lie I pleee Cream Sel.-lle ion , for l > rli Pan He ( iliiHH Iamp l-e . Ash Slfler 11e > lrn. I'otlN * IriuiH ( tile SK 13.50 . Oil fan l e llolllntr IMiiM le UiiNtliiK SIMIIIII le Slmv Cutter l-le Our While the Our Easy Terms Constant World Waits endeavor towi \ \ the to fpolmt America ijtiullty up nnd crowd On a Bill of $ 1000 q > 1,00 IMr Wcc ! ( or $ 4.00 Per Mo.t'i ' \vlll Ih - ' ilo l'eopli , iiuMrlrimll > 's" U louer > .c ut the the price knowing down hhoppcr brings On a Hill of $ 20.00 $1.25 1'er ' Wcjlv or $ 5.00 Per Month \\oineti than cvur will ln tu > ? 1,11 ire lulviui- \Vlso here , nnd makes this On a 11,11 , of $ 30 00 .50 1'cr ' Weci or $ 6.0J Per Month tugo of tlio situ itlon , htoro the busiest la town , furniture On a Hill of $ 50.00.$2.00 I' ' r Weak or $ 800 Per Minlli - On a Dill of $ 75.00.$2.25 Per Weak or $ 9.00 Per Month A beautiful X.v ' * A 55 Piece On a Dill of $100.00.$2.50 Par Week or $10.01) ) Per Month Cane Seat On a Bill of $200.0$4.03 $ ) Per WciK or $15.00 Per Monlh Rocker Dinner Set in two decoration ! ) , line niitlquo. worth (4.00. i ! Kngllsh scml-porceluin , A BEAUTIFUL SOUVENIR PRESENTED \Vo botijilit 'JJ.I iliven Ihin mid fut tliem 1 ! this worth week J8.00 for * A * . SENTED TO ALL CALLERS. our week price. tboy This Rout f A Pretty Iron Bed Comforts 6c Bedding Carpets ' * r-V * With enamelled brass - OJ JJrions tlmt will nisiko the manu triiniiiiii H , tiny facturers bluah All prlrcsquotcil uro for cooil -7.50/01- . Kooils only V.A. ( . . A nice comfort very , A 3-Piece Antique Moqucttcs pretty pattern , worth tlM Bed Room Suit worth $2.50 Vrelvcts ' with bevel A heavy worth $1 35 A'X , very ' ' pluto nilrrot- , Brussels . . worth $3(1 ( for . . . . blanket , good worth M.OO . . . . . ' , , . ' . . -i' > iTbouutlful size , worth 1.4 All-Wool Ingrains , ; " . worth 7. > e Solid Oak $3.00 , Half-wool Ingrains Extension Table A nice pair of feather worth Otic Pillows , A big- sale on drajiot'Ios this woeki 0-foot polish fin ish . 4.75 good ticking1 , but hivvo not oiioitgh spaeo to specify , worth $10.00 , tills week . worth SU.60. . . . ify thuni. Firs Caiving Knife with Fork , getuiine htindle nnd licst steel , worth 1.00 , th s wueU for > ; Open until Open until 6:30 6:30 : Saturday Saturday until until 10 to O'clock O'clock for McKlnley ? That's a Bryan badge you've Rot on. " " ' " doubtfully responded "I don't know , Master George. "They say If McKlnley Is elected wo must pay oui' debts In gold , and If Bryan Is elected wo can pay them In silver. " "What difference docs that malce to you ? " said the brother. "You don't owe any money. " "Indeed I do , " Indignantly replied George. "I owe lots. Why , 1 owe13 or 14 cents ! " "Well , suppose McKlnley Is elected , that won't make any difference to you about payliiK your debts. " "Won't It , though ? That's all you know- about It , " was George's scornful reply. "When I ask papa for money ho gives me .1 dime or n quarter. That's silver , ain't It ? If McKlnlcy's elected I've got to ask him for a gold dollar , * haven't 1 ? And If I ask him for a gold dollar he'll drop dead , won't he ? No , sir , I am for Uryan ! " The argument ended right there , Florence's father's Initials are A. H. S. , and while Florence knows her letters , she Is not yet able to spell. The other day she came running to her mother. "Oh , mamma , " she exclaimed , "I can fipell umbrella. " "I hardly think so , " said her mother. "Uut I can , " she Insisted. "Very well : how do you spell It ? " "A. H. S. . " she said promptly. "Why , Florence. " contended the mother , 'that doesn't spell umbrella. " "Vt'H , hut It docs , " she urged. "I saw It on papa's umbrella and I'd like to know why It would bo there If It spelled some thing else. " OL'T OF TIIK Oimi.WHY. A million dollars In silver will weigh HO,931 pounds , or almost twenty-eight and ono quarter tons , "Gossamer Iron , " the wonderful product of the Swansea ( Wales ) Iron mills , U BO thin that It tikes 4,800 sheets piled one on ho other to make an Inch In thickness. Ono gigantic species of Coata Itlcan grass- mppor lays 2,000 eggs In a single laying season , which extends over but three weeks. M. Victor , the French naturalist , says that a toad will live "S months completely inbcdilcd In plaster of parls poured on as a liquid and then allowed to harden. Thu largest utcain hammer In Franco Is hat at the works of Marrcl Frcrcs , at UiHis-dc-Glcr , It Is of a hundred tons ttight and work.1 911 an anvil which wclgha COO ( OIIH. The face of this anvil Is a nolld block of cast steel weighing 125 tons. Arthur Hlrd of New Yorlt haw eleven llv- IItf children. Ho was 74 yean old a few lays el nee ami had all his children to a drthday dinner. When the gmutB uncov- eied their plates each ono was favored \ltli tea crisp J 1,000 hills as a birthday > re ciit. Sir W. McGregor has como aero.ss an ex- raordlnary lancuaKu on the west roast of IrltUh New Guiana. U Is spoken by the UuiiRcrwah lor bo and la remarkable an JIOH- { uorno unusually loot ; words. l'"or example , says Sir William , our short nu meral "ten" Is expressed In Uungerwab by a word of twenty-six letters. It la not generally known that In the human volcr , though generally hut of nine perfect tones , there are actually no less than 17r.82lSC,044C15 different sounds. These effects are produced by fourteen direct muscles , which give about 10,3Sa different sounds and thirty indirect muscles , which produce 73,711,823 sounds. The friends of Julio Muller , son of a Panama merchant , had assembled to attend his funeral. Ho liail taken an overdose of antlpyrlnc , with apparently n fatal result , oven the attending physicians pronouncing him dead. Ilia appearance aroused the sus picion among his friends that he was not really dead. The authorities wore called upon to make an Investigation. When they arrived the collln was already closed. After its being opened lo ! there- was Muller alive and wondering what was the matter. A. remarkable march of 1,700 miles across Siberia , occupying almost a year , has Just been completed by two Husslan battalions of line Infantry and two batteries of artillery , which lately reached their camp on the Amur. The troops marched 4,000 vcrsta by land and made their way for 3.000 vcrsts by water , half the distance nn rafts con structed by themselves. Their losses wcru six men dead , twonty-acvon left behind In hospitals , and twenty-nine liorsetj. The others arrived In good condition nnd excel lent spirits. Karly In the present century , when vessels sometimes cleared I'lttHburg for u fce.iny - agc , the captain of n ship arrived at I.nghorn with a cargo. The olllecr who examined his papers at once said : " .Sir , your papers are forged. There Is no such place as Pitts- burg In the world. Your vessel immt be confiscated. " The frightened captain then secured a map , directed the ofllccr'a atten tion to the Gulf of Mexico , pointed out the mouth of the MUsluHlppI , followed that stream to the Ohio , thence to Ilio forks , and said , though the map showed no such place : "There , sir , In the port where my vessel cleared out. " IAIIOll AM ) IMHJSTIIV. There nro 1,300 women postal clerks In Knglund. The next general assembly of the KnlgliU of Labor will bo hold In Hochostor , M. Y. , In November. The membership of ( he American Federa tion of Labor has IncrcHbt'd 2fi per cunt In the last four months. Moro gold watches are- worn by artisans and laboring men In tlm United .States ihun In any other country In the world. At Ban Francisco the Hoard of Health has refijueil to employ any but union labor In whltonlng and painting school hourus. In thn year 1S2D , In England , an Intention for fulling honiictH and cnpog WUK prohib ited , for It wus "holili-ii Inconvenient to turn no many laboring men to IdlrnosK. " Of the L',310,000 women and glrlit In Mug- land working for tlielr living , only 101,000 ro orcnulzdU. TLuy uru distributed among the different branches of Industry , as fl - lows : Textile. 97,412 ; decoration , 820 ; cl. til ing and leather , L',100 ; divers industms. 3,027. Carroll D. Wright , In his annual report .is. United States census commissioner , eats , that a committee lias been appointed , < ( in sisting of the representatives of the \ain-us governments , to take a comparative ti-nsus of every country borne tlmo during ilu year 1000. Scveial thouspnd men In New York mjno- living wagon manufacturing doll carriaKis- for the export trade. The best doll carriuno- sells for $10 and the cheapest for 25 ctirs. Seventy per cent of the total output of doiI carriages are exported to South Amen. a. Australia and the United Kingdom. J. Muirlc , who claims to bo the inven'ur ' of a successful norl.il machine. Is a ni.is1r cnglncc"r at Cranston Hill , Glasgow. Ha- speaks with the utmost confidence of lin machine , which has occupied him for fif teen years. Ho says that It Is a very great departure In aorlal navigation and u lug , revelation In a particular line. At a Ilarlicrlon , O. . match factory re cently , 177,920,100 matches were made ID a. day. At that ratn that factory ran produ-o In a year 61,943.130,000 matches , wliUh means 927 matches n year , or nearly three matches a day , for each ono of the 70.000.OuO > Inhabitants of the country. All this worlc IB done hy automatic machinery that Is with out Its efiml | In the world. Proftssdr Franklin G. Hohlnson of How- doln college has Invented a disinfecting lump which Is attracting attention. The value of formic nldch > do linn bci-n knowa slneo IS'JI , but Its production was too slow for practical UKO. Thn new lamp forcti the fumes of methyl alcohol through r platinized nabcatoK disk , ovohlng the aide- hyde so rnpldly that a largo room can In thoroughly fumigated In two or thrco hour * and at a email expense. I w n mifforrr for clslil ycnrn from Kcinn , Uut now nut entirely curc-d Tlia p.illni of my liaml * \M-ru lovcrol uml Kiilly liiiliunul ; lltllu Mlo tl ! tcr oiionrinl ] ] , tln'ii would i > ci < | ( , [ f , Juulrif n rH , ( iiionlli mufncc , wlilrh would Lnrii Illo riru nnd llcli. On tliu liiililu of Hie upper part or rny llml > , Krc.-it rrd Mutiln \ioulcl appi-ur , nnil mf ooii a I IICIMIUO uiiini , ibtf kiimln/uml llcli. in li wnulil bouln. Night nir night I would II nwako uml x-rntcli , nnil r.lmotto wild , I ot a. l.ox of CtiTiiiuiu , n"l ii Imtllo of CLTICUIIA UE. mil.Tf.MT , nnil nflrr n fi-w : iipllcalloni [ I n llrul tlm ron ! < mill lnllniuiiiiUlniMlltapix-ar ; If fur I / ' l i < ! veil nut luitthtrr tn ; nn < < i ttpii pff'ttuna tt/t. I ran truthfully a > rit llmt (2.00 worth of Ccucciu ItKurnii K rurnl mm JOHN i > . roiiTK , i'itt iurir , ' . Cc T HTnr T , W im tnlhi ll > if i * . , i. 'i. Thum " I" " " " ' ( -1" ' " . , rt i nnh.U ! ' ' 1 f.l > t II" " "ltd. IMrr. Or-cni , Jlfe.i fioAr. zic. . . . | ' | lu.omir. Kir in. ) | . I'oiinii l ) u ! " ? " * ' " " > lil''P . wi"ii. " iljw to rcnuiuuill/ Cult Ccuir.i ,
