THIS OMAHA DAILY .111313 : SUNDAY. , TIT1ST13 28 , 1800.
\o \ accept In consequence of the pressure
Of ofhcr matters , however , this has been
begloctcd. It U not too late , however , to
( hank you for the courtesy of an Invitation
And to congratulate you heartily upon the
cuccexs of the enterprise to which you
Love dovotcd a quarter of a century ot a
piisy life , The paper and Its editor are
Khown far and wide , and are Inseparably
ionnoctcd with the history of ono of the
hiost enterprising of our vigorous western
pities , Iho career of the paper Is a striking
example of what may bo accomplished by
industry and ability wisely applied. A
prcnt many promising journals have failed
flnd nro no longer remembered. The lice Is
Conspicuous among the few which have
achieved remarkable success. The record
of your policy shows mo that you are only
r 5 years ot ago. U Is within the possi
r bilities ) , therefore , that you may llvo to
celebrate the semi-centennial of the estab-
llslihicnt of your paper. I hope that this
nay bo the fact. With hearty congratula-
tluns upon your success so far , and with
best wlshc * for the future , I remain yours
truly , J. W. SKINNER.
MANAGER HALTIMORE NEWS.
THE HALTIMORE NEWS. IJALTIMORK.
puno 10. 1SU6. We very much regret that It
will bo Impossible for the Baltimore News
to bo represented nt the celebration of the
twenty-fifth anniversary of your paper , yet
desire to express our best wishes and hope
that the event will fittingly cclebrato the
twenty-five years of success which has been
yours. With best wishes for future pros
perity Yours very truly , L. T. HEARD.
I
MANAGER INDIANAPOLIS NEWS.
THE INDIANAPOLIS NEWS. INDIANAP
OLIS. Juno 23 , ISflC. Hon. Edward Rosowatcr
Dear Sir : I regret that my Invitation to
your silver anniversary did not reach mo In
season 'for mo to have reached
you or got regrets to you , but
It Is In season for my hearty
congratulations. I notlco from the picture
that there Is less hair now than there was
In ' 71 , but rejoice that there Is no less
nnnd. I did not realize that you wcro so close
uron our natal day. The Cth of December
next will bo our twenty-seventh anni
versary. Accept my hearty congratulations
for thu past achievements of The Heo nnd
beat wishes for the future. Sincerely ,
A. D. RICHARDS , Manager.
MANAGER DETROIT JOURNAL.
DETROIT JOURNAL , DETROIT , June
23 , 1SDO , . Hon. Kdward Rosewater Dear Sir :
On my return from St. Louis I find your
very kind Invitation to bo present at your
twenty-fifth anniversary. Whllo It would
liavo been Impossible for mo to have at
tended the reception , could I have done so
I assure you It would bnvn afforded mo great
pleasure. I desire to express my apprecia
tion of your enterprise and the most hearty
good will for the success ot yourself nnd
The Hco. Yours truly ,
W. LIVINGSTONE , Manager.
EDITOR TOPEKA CAPITAL.
TOPI3KV CAPITAL. TOPEKA , Kan. . Juno
20 , ISOfi. My Dear Mr. Rosowatcr : Aceept
my thanks for your cordial Invitation to be
with you on the twenty-fifth anniversary
of your great papor. I regret that It Is Im
possible for mo tn nvail myself of the pleas-
tire you offer me. I wish to congratulate
you on the results of the last twenty-live
years , nnd to extend my good wishes for the
prosperity and growth In the next twenty-
five. Yours very truly , DEL KE1ZBR.
THIS IIKFAS A\.MVKltS.\HV.
Springfield ( Mass , ) Republican : The Oma
ha ( Neb. ) Ileo celebrated Its twenty-fifth an
niversary last week. It Is ono of the Mrong
and prosperous papers of the west , and its
great building is ono of thu sights ot Oma-
1m. The Heo has won honor as a sturdy
defender of the rights and Interests of the
people nnd Its editor , Edward Rosewater ,
who was also Its founder , has reason to te
proud of his achievements.
Salt Lake Herald : The Omaha Hoc has
Just celebrated the twenty-fifth anniversary
ot Its existence. It is a great paper and
liy far the lending republican paper In the
Mississippi valley. Its editorial page la
able and fearless ; Its news Ecrvlcc of the
"best ; Its enterprise unsurpassed. Wo con
gratulate It upon Its quarter-centenary
celebration and wish It n continuance of
the prosperity It has enjoyed.
Springfield ( Moss. ) Union : The Omohn
Heo , ono of the most progressive and suc
cessful newspapers of the country , will cele-
lirate Its twenty-fifth anniversary this even.
Ing by a reception In Its handsome now
homo. The Dee was started In 1871 by Ed
ward Roscwator , the present proprietor
mid Its history Is a record of a steady gall
In circulation and Influence. It Is a goot
newspaper , ably managed nnd fully deserves
all the success that has coino to It In It ;
' comparatively short life.
St. Louis Star : That prosperous and per
vading newspaper. The Omaha Boo , devoted
yesterday to the celebration of the twenty-
fifth anniversary of Its useful nnd success
ful existence. Mr. Edward Rosewater. the
jircprletor. had all his homo town with him
In the festivities which took on the appear
ance of a semi-holiday. That Omaha Is
proud of The Hee Is more evident than ex
traordinary , for such pride would bo sun
'to prevail In any community capable ol
tolling a good thing when It was In sight.
Buffalo Express : The Omaha Bee has ren-
non to bo proud of Its achievements during
the twenty-five years of Its existence. II
has stood nt the front among the Iriflueiv
tlal papers of the west and has kept pace
with the growth of Omaha and the sur
rounding country. Last Friday It observed
Its anniversary with a special edition ol
twenty-four pages , which contained a res
ume of the history of the paper nnd Its
owner , Edward Rosewater. A son con
tributes the sketch of Mr. Rosewater. who ,
it may bo said , 1ms had a career that is as
utiucunl us It Is Interesting. The Heo is ti
bo congratulated , among other things , tot
Its clear nnd independent vlows of politics
nnd especially for Its service to the cause
of sound money In a section In which pop
ular opinion frequently has been on the
other side.
Chicago Inter Ocean : The Omaha Bee or
Friday last celebrated the twenty-fifth air
nlversarv of its birth by Issuing a sheet ol
twenty-four pages containing a complett
history of that able and Inlluuntlal paper
The history Includes a "pen picture am
character sketch , by his son" of Mr. Ed' '
ward Rose-water , the founder of The Bee
nnd Its present owner and editor. Tin
atnrles of the man nnd his journal are ver >
Interesting , as showing the possibilities open
to capacity when backed by unlntermlttcnl
dotcrmfnatlon. As the son truly says : "From
June 19 , 1871 , the day when this paper
made Its bow before the public , Edward
HoBitwnter and Thu Bee have , together and
Inseparable , been a power In Journalism , n
potent factor In politics , never ceasing In
their work for every project that promised
to build up Omaha , Nebraska and tint greater
west , "
Philadelphia Stnr : Of oil the many and
varied business nnd commercial pursuits In
the west , not ono has made greater strides
of advancement In Its respective sphere
and none has met tl-.e. demands and re
quirements of the publlo of that growing
section of our country with more satisfac
tion than has Journalism. Thu newspaper
of the west 1s as large. Is as complete In Its
mechanical deportments , Is us generous ami
accurate with Its news , and Is as bunell-
'x.clal to Its advertisers as those of the east.
.Many of them are advancing In years. Tin ;
) Omaha Hen , one of thu most thriving of the
, * -tnnny thriving journals went of the Missis
sippi river , celebrated Its twenty-fifth anni
versary yesterday. The Heo was founded In
1871 by Edward Rosewater. and during Ha
twcr.iy-nvi ; years of prosperity that gentle
man has conducted Its affairs. The Stni
congratulates The Hee and Mr. Rosewnter ,
and extends its best wishes for continued
prosperity to both.
Philadelphia Ledger : The Omaha Bee
completed the twenty-fifth year of Its exist
ence yesterday and celebrated the event with
a reception at Thu Bee building , In Omaha ,
Nob. Dili Ing all these years which mark
Its growth from a small , insignificant , strug
gling newspaper In n far western , unim
portant town to Its present position as a
great mi I Important journal , representing
a largo and thriving city , The Bee has main
tained a reputation for progressively * * , for
enterprise , for dignity and courage In as
serting Its principles that has deservedly
gained for It Us present place among the
leading newspapers of this country. A repu-
' .tatlon for sharp , pungent , stinging wit and
satire , which have caused It to bo quoted In
every paper In this country , combined with
the hugtllng , wide-awake methods It ha
pursued In gathering news , make Its name
as an unusually appropriate one , On thU
DCCAsloo , marking the ant quarUr century
r Us career , The Dee nnd Us founder and
roprlctor , Mr. Kdward Rosowator. are dc-
icrvlng of the congratulations and fallclta *
ons of nil who ndmlro and appreciate a
rst-clas * . clean-toned and thoroughly rep-
table newspaper , and none join In pro-
natations of esteem and regard with more
ordlallty nnd sincerity than the Public
cdgcr.
Philadelphia Record : The Omaha Dally
Ice. which first began to buzz on the morn *
ng ot June 19 , 1871. has fittingly celebrated
n n gala edition the happy event of Its sli
er anniversary jubilee. The Record heart-
ly congratulates this busy Hee upon the
) rllllnt way In which It has. under Its
oumlcr and editor , Mr. Edward Rosewater ,
mprovod each shining hour of Its notable
arecr of n quarter of a century. H has mur
mured sweetly , and on occasion has shown
ts sting. Hived at last In a fine home ,
with an enviable record of past achieve-
nonts stored away , this sturdy newspaper
an look back with pride to Its rise from
iloncer Nebraska and western journalism ,
ml forward with confidence to Increased
uosperlty.
Denver Times : In the history of western
ournallsm , the celebration ot the twenty-
fth nnnlvcri-ary of the establishment of The
Omaha Dally lice IB an event that Is most
Ignlflcant. The Hon. Edward Rosowatcr ,
ts founder , hau achieved a great success
and Ills paper has long been considered one
of the typlral journals ot Transmls-
Isslppl country. As an editor , Mr. Rose-
vater has so stamped his personality upon
ils paper that ho has become the Dana of
Nebraska and a power In public affairs.
lundreds of people visited the handsome
lee building Juno 19 , where the veteran
editor kept open house. A special edition
WAR TIME TELEGRAPHERS
Behind the Scenes with Lincoln in the
War Department Telegraph Office.
IMPORTANT STATE SECRETS IN CIPHER
Storlc-H Aliont HIP I'roMlilrnt nnil the
Army Cmitiitniiilrri * V Talk rvltli
'Olio ' of I.liiooln'n Conllilcit-
llul Operator * .
, 1595 , by Frank O. Onrix-nter. )
WASHINGTON , Juno 25. 1S9C. Ono of the
greatest ncrvo centers ot the late civil war
was the telegraph office at the War depart
ment at Washington. Through It passed all
the dispatches which came from the field , and
by It wcro sent out the orders from Presi
dent Lincoln and Secretary Stanton to the
generals commanding. The most expert
operators In the Military Telegraph corps
were detailed for the war office. General
Alison Stager , who had been superintendent
of the Western Union telegraph , was the
head , and next to him was General Thomas
T. Kckert , who IE now the president of the
Western Union telegraph lines. General
Rckert sustained the closest of relations
to President Lincoln , and Lincoln used to
the wires. This Is donn by1 many operators }
today. It was not so Afunimon then. "
OUR WAH TH1.EOUAPII.
"Who organized our Wat1 telegraph , Mr.
Hosewater ? " I asked. IM' ,
"General Anaon St er and General
Kckert , " was the reply. . . "General Stager
was , you know , superintendent of the West
ern Union telegraph bcfohi the war began ,
lie was called to Washington to take chnrgo
of the telegraph system .and organize a mil
itary telegraph. The flrst , wire built was
that which ran from the" War department
to the navy yard. Theif A1 system of com
munication was made with'the camps lying
within ten or twelve miles of the white
house , and the capita ) building was con
nected with the Navy 'department by a
loop. The lines were doom'extended to the
Chain bridge , then over Into Virginia and
finally they had direct , communication with
all parts of the country. General Stager
originated the cipher code used In the de
partment. Ho was an expert operator himself -
self , and one tlmo when riding on tKb Pitts-
burg , Fort Wayne K. Chicago road the train
broke down within nine miles of any tele
graph olllce. General Stager cut the wires
and by holding one above and ono below
his tongue was able to receive the messages
by watching Its movements caused by the
electric shocks passing through It. Hy this
moans ho received a reply that another cn-
glntt would be sent to him at once. General
Kekcrt was also an expert telegrapher. His
relations with President Lincoln were very
close , anil he can , I venture , tell more good
stories of Lincoln than any other man now
living. President Lincoln often came Into
the telegraph olllco. He generally came In
early In the morning and ho often remained
Declaration of Independence.
A Declaration by the Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress Assembled.
[ July 4 , 1776. ]
When In the course of human events , It becomes necessary for ono people to dissolve the political bands which
have connected them with another , and to assume among the Powers of the earth , the separate and equal station to
which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them , a decent respect to the opinions' mankind requires
that they should declare the causes which Impel them to the separation.
Wo hold these truths to be self-evident , that all men are created equal , that they are endowed by their Creator with
certain unaltenablo Rights , that among these are Llfo , Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these
rights. Governments -Instituted among Men , deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed ; that
whenever any form ot Government becomes destructive of these ends , It Is the Right of the I'cople to alter or to
abolish It , and to Institute now Government , laying Its foundation on such principles and organizing Its powers In such
form , as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness. Prudence , Indeed , will dictate that
Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes ; and accordingly all experience
hath shown , that mankind nro disposed to suffer , while evils are sufferable , than to right themselves by abolishing
the forms to which they arc accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations , pursuing Invariably the
same Object , evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism , it Is their right , It Is their liiltyl to throw
off such Government and to provide new Guards for their future security. Such has been the patient'suffrance of
these Colonies ; and such Is now the necessity which constrains them to alter their former Systems or Government.
The history of the present King of Great Drltain Is a history of repeated Injuries and usurpations , all having In direct
object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny over these States. To prove this , let Facts be submitted , to n can
did world. I
Ho has refused his Assent to Laws , the most wholesome and necessary for the public good. _ . . ,
He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of Immediate and pressing importance , unless suspcpC il ) .In their
operation till his Assent should bo obtained ; and when so suspended , ho has utterly neglected to attend to them.
Ho has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people , unless those people would
relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature , a right Inestimable to them and formidable to t'yrants only.
Ho has called together legislative bodies at places unusual , uncomfortable and distant from Depository of their
Public Records for the solo purpose of fatiguing them Into compliance with his measures. ' ' '
Ho has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly for opposing with manly firmness his invasions 'on the rights
of the people. (
He has refused for n long time , after such dissolutions , to cause others to bo elected ; whereby Ujiq. > Legislative
Powers , Incapable of Annihilation , have returned to the People at largo for tholr exercise ; the State remaining in
"
the meantime exposed to all the dangers ot Invasion from without and convulsions within. . .
i
Ho has endeavored to prevent the Population of these States ; for that purpose obstructing the Laws of iSaturallza- '
tlon of Foreigners ; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither , and raising tile conditions' of new Ap
propriations of Lands.
He has obstructed the administration of Justice , by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers.
He has made Judges dependent on bis Will alone , for the tenure of their offices , and the amount and payment
of their salaries.
Ho lias erected a multitude of Now Offices , and sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our People , and eat out
their substance.
He lias keot amoiis us. In times of peace. Standing Armies without the Consent of our Legislature.
He has affected to render the Military Independent of nifd superior to the Civil Power.
He has combined with othera to-subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution , and unacknowledged by
our laws ; giving his Assent to the.lr Acts of pretended Legislation.
For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us.
For protecting them , by a mock trial , from Punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the In
habitants of these States. - .
For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world.
For Imposing Taxes on us without our Consent.
For depriving us In many cases of Trial by Jury.
For transporting us beyond seas to be tried for pretended offenses.
For abolishing the free System ot English Laws In a pelghborlng Province , establishing therein an Arbitrary Gov
ernment and enlarging Its Hound.ries so as to render it at once an example and fit Instrument for Introducing the
same absolute rule Into these Colonies.
For taking away our Charters , abolishing our most valuable Laws and altering fundamentally the Forms of our
Governments.
For suspending our own Legislatures and declaring themselves Invested with Power to legislate for us In all
cases whatsoever.
Ho has abdicated Government here by declaring us out of his protection and waging War against us.
Ho has plundered our seas , ravaged our coasts , burnt our towns and destroyed the lives of our People , '
Ho Is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to complete the works of death , desolation
and tyranny already begun with circumstances of Cruelty and Perfidy scarcely paralleled In the most barbarous ages ,
and totally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation.
Ho has restrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the nigh seas to bear Anns against their Country , to
become the executioners ot their friends and Urethren or to fall themselves by their Hands ,
Ho has excited domestic Insurrections amongst us and has endeavored to bring on the Inhabitants of our frontiers ,
the merciless Indian Savages , whose known rule of warfare Is an undistinguished destruction of all agc.s , sexes and
conditions.
In every stage of these Oppressions Wo have Petitioned for Redress In the most humble terms. Our repeated
Petitions have been answered only by repeated Injury. A Prince , whoso character Is thus marked by every act which
may dctlno a Tyrant , is unlit to bo the ruler of a Free People ,
Nor have wo been wanting In attentions to our British brethren. Wo have warned them from tlmo to tlmo of
attempts by their Legislature to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. Wo have reminded them of the
circumstances of our emigration and Hottlcmcnt here. We have appealed to their native Justice and magnanimity ,
and wo have conjured thorn by the ties ot our common kindred to disavow these usurpations which would In
evitably Interrupt our connections and correspondence. They , too , have been deaf to the volco of justice and con
sanguinity. Wo must , therefore , acqulenco In the necessity which denounces our Separation , and hold ( hem , as we
hold the rest of mankind , Enemies In War , In Peace Friends.
We , therefore , the Representatives of the United States of America , In General Congress assembled , appealing to the
Supreme Judge of the World for the rectitude of our intentions , do , in the Name and bv Authority of the good Pco-
plo of those Colonies , solemnly Publish and Declare , that t IK-BO United Colonies are , and of Right ought to bo Free and
Independent States ; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the Hrlilsh Crown , and that all political connection
between them and the State of Great Britain is and ought to bo totally dissolved , and that as Free and Independent
States thuy have full power to luvy War , conclude Peace , contract Alliances , establish Commerce and to do all other Acts
and Things which Independent States may of right do. And for the support of this Declaration , with a ( Inn rellanco
on the Protection of Dlvlno Providence ) , Wo mutually pledge to each other our Lives , our Fortunes t nj cur Sacred Ilcmr
of The Hee , which gave a history of the pa
per , attained a tremendous solo and the
quarter century was completed In a mem
orable manner. . The Times wishes Mr. Rosewater -
water and The Ileo much prosperity and sin
cerely hopes that a change of heart may bo
experienced so far as the money question la
concerned. The Ileo Is for gold and for the
republican party.
Buffalo Kvenlng News : One of the most
successful publishers In the great west Is
Kdward Rosewater , founder of The Omaha
Hee , a gentleman every way worthy of suc
cess. Knergetlr , capablu and progressive.
Mr. Rosewater comprises In a genial per
sonality those qualities which have achieved
for the men of the west a foremost pluco
In business and Intellectual achievements.
The Bee , ono ot the best papers In the
country , occupies onu of the 11 neat buildings
In Omnha. It Is equipped with the very
best appllnaces for a modem and progressive
paper. The twenty-fifth anniversary of The
Dee takes place today , and will be celebrat
ed by a reception at The lien building , as
the following Invitation Indicates :
K. II. HUTLKR , ESQ. ,
Your presence U cordially Invited
to participate In the celebration of the
Twenty-fifth anniversary of
THE OMAHA DEB
Friday , Juno nineteenth ,
Eighteen hundred and ninety-Bit ,
Reception at The Heo Ilultdlng
8 to 10 o'clock p. m.
The hearty congratulations of the Buf
falo News are extended to The Omaha Heo
on the occasion of Its quarter of a century
of usefulness In aiding to build up the
flourishing cityWhere
Where the sun
Takes of Iti night cap when the day's be
gun.
chat by the hour with blm In the telegraph
olllco. Eckert was also a oed story teller ,
and soniH of the beat of Lincoln's storica
wore uttered whllo the operators were click
ing out messages of war. Under thcso chiefs
there were a number of very fast telegraph
ers , among the brightest of whom was Ed
ward Rodewater. now proprietor of The
Omaha Heo. During the war Mr. Rosewater
was for u time a telegrapher in the Held ,
After the eccond battle of Hull Run ho was
brought to Washington to act as ono of
the conlldcntlal operators of the War depart
ment. During his stay In Washington ho
kept a diary , and ho has a number of most
Interesting stories of his experiences of
the Incidents of that time which have never
been given to the public. When In Omaha
a tew weeks ago I chatted with him about
the telegraph olllce ot the War department.
Said ho :
"The War department during the tlnni
of President Lincoln was In the old War
department building. This was a three-
story structure just above the white House.
The telegraph oltleo adjoined the odlco of
Secretary Stantou. It consisted of two
rooms , ono ot which wan devoted to thu
preparation and deciphering of cipher mes
sages , and another the operating room
proper , which also contained the War depart
ment library , lu thu cipher room sat General
Stager , General Eckert and two cipher
operators. The operating room contained
ten marble tables , upon each of which wan
a telegraphic Instrument of the latent pat
tern. We had , you know , thu Uncut ma
chinery known at that time , and the opera
tors had to be linu penmen , and ono of thu
requirements of Hie position wai to be able
to write out In legible hand with Ink the
dU&tch i a rapidly as they came from
1 In the office at night > when serious opera
tions wcro going on ln.tpfi , field. "
A STORY OP.HAM.ECK. .
"What wcro your arrangements for de
livering " messages at npluMr. | Rosewater ? "
"There was , as a rule. not a great deal
of work to bo done at 'iilg'ht , " replied Mr.
Rosewater , "though nt times the wires
wore kept hot. During a great part of 1863
I was the night chlef-af.Uio olllce. I hud
In the corridor '
outsldo'tHiT operating rooms
a half dozen cavalrymen , who were on
hand to carry such dl putches as were Im
portant. I remember pu.iju/ during the win
ter of 1SOJ that a telegram came urging
that reinforcements to Hent at once to
Columbus , Ky. This t - i Jnen ft very Im
portant military point , and the rebels wwo
moving upon It In larije force , and tlu
union general commanding had In this dis
patch asked for reinforcements. The mes-
saKe carao to me betwcrn midnight and 1
a. m. I handed It over to one of the or
derlies , and told him to take it at once to
General Halleck. I expected very naturally
a prompt order from Hulleck as to the ru-
luforceiuents. An hour passed by. nothing
came. A second hour Went by , and stll
no order. I was anxious , for I feared thai
the wires might bo cul or broken before
morning , and In this case no relief couli
bo gotten to our forces at Columbus. ;
remained on dutx all night , but no message
came from Halleck. Between 7 and 8
o'clock In the morning I went out for my
breakfast , and upon returning found that
General Halleck had not yet ordered rt >
Inforcenientti. I asked the orderly If ho
bad delivered the message , and , If so , why
be had not brought an answer. Hu replied
that General Halleck hud glvcu direction : !
yourself before it is too late
Because we bought too many Tan Shoes for men
is why you can buy Tan Shoes of us this week
at prices that will save all the way from $1 to $4
on any pair of Men's Tan Shoes you may buy.
Brand
new
styles
being
closed out
at. the
lowest
prices
ever
named
on
shoes.
the house from our $4 to our $7 man's shoe included and we
polish them free of charge.
Co
North East Cor. 16th and Dousrlas.
that ho was never to bo disturbed after
midnight. This statement made mo very
angry. The idea of the command
ing general of the great army giving
orders that he was to be awakened
under no circumstances when such vital In
terests were under his charge seemed to
me simply awful. I was so wrought up over
the matter that I thought 1 would go to the
president and tell him about the Halleck
order. In the llrst place , however. 1 de
cided to ask General Singer , who was , you
know , my superior olllcer. I did so , and
told him that I was going to see the pres
ident. Ho replied by asking me what bus
iness It was of mine whether the order was
sent or not. Said ho : "My boy. you have
nothing to do with General Ilalleck's orders.
Wo have done our duty. It Is our business
to receive and deliver dispatches , nnd that
Is nil wo can do. ' I was still angry , but
after General Stager's making such a re
mark , I could do nothing. Ho was my
superior olllcer , and his answer was In thu
nature of an order. "
GENERAL BURNSIDE'S VIGILANCE.
"Was this the case wl h the other oltlcen ) ? "
I asked ,
"No. " replied Mr. Rosewater. "Many of
the officers watched things more carefully.
Take General Burnslde , for Instance. Ho
often remained up all night. I eould not.
In fact , tell when ho slept , and I often wired
him dispatches as Into as 5 o'clock In the
morning. I had known Burnsldo before I
met Halleck , and I did not think much ot a
man who could not stay awake upon great
occasions all night. General Burnslde was
In command at the battle of Frcderlcksburg.
where ho bad , you know , such a disastrous
defeat. Ho did not wish to be commander
of the army , and ho told President Lincoln
that he was not competent to take charge
of It. Lincoln insisted , however , and ho at
last accepted Iho place. Durnsldo main
tained that there was treachery In the War
department , and that the rebels got the
orders s"ent out from the War department as
soon as ho did , and that In this way they
were ablu to counteract his proposed move
ments before ho executed them ,
LINCOLN IN THE TELEGRAPH OFFICE.
"Was Lincoln In the. ofllco at the time of
the battle of Frodcrlcksburg ? " 1 asked.
"Yes , " replied Mr. Rosewater. "He cuino
Into the ofllco nt 8 o'clock ihat morning ,
nnd remained there until long after dark.
Ho came over from the white house In his
slippers , I remember. It was Sunday , and
the dispatches \fcro going and coming all
day President Lincoln stood behind me
much ot tbu tlmo and dictated the dis
patches to mo , which I wrote and sent. I
took the answers as they came from thu
wires and handed them to him. Wo worn
sending and receiving news all morning.
At noon the dispatches were still coming ,
a-id Instead of getting n lunch , Secretary
Stnnton sent his led pitcher over to the
Winder building and had It filled with beer ,
nnd this beer , with some crackers , made
UP the lunch of the party , General Eckert ,
Captain Fox , acting secretary of the navy ,
all taking their turn at thn pitcher. Pres
ident Lincoln took his share of the beer ,
and I am , I venture , ono of the few men
who have ever token a drink of beer with
President Lincoln. "
"How did President Lincoln act nt such
times ? "
"Ho was perfectly simple and unassum
ing " replied Mr. Rosowater. "Ho did not
BCUII at all nervous during the battlo.
though It was going against us. The result
was you know , nn awful defeat , and wo
lost more than 13,000 lu killed and wounded ,
HuniBlde did not want to make the attack ,
but ho was overruled by Secretary Stanton
and President Lincoln. After the battle U
Bermed to mo that President Lincoln wns
very much" depressed and worn. Ho was
never , however , averse to a Joke and a
laugh seemed to relluvo him. Shortly after
the battle of Fredurleksburg Ilurnsldo w.isi
released from command and Frank Leslie's
newspaper published an Illustration In
which Lincoln was represented us thu high
chief executioner with u great big axe In
his hand chopping off heads. On the ground
near him In this picture lay McClellnn's
head , which had Just been chopped oft. Be
side this was the head of HuniElde and
there were other heads at hand ready to bo
cut off. It wan not long after this fight
that one of these papers was lying on one
of the telegraph tables when President
Lincoln came In. As he was looking at It
General Hurnsldu entered. They discussed
the picture together and both laughed
heartily over It. "
ABB LINCOLN AND TOM THUMB.
"I suppose there were many funny things
happening even during the darkest days
of the war. were there not ? "
"Yes. " replied Mr Rosewater. "there were
many llttlo Interesting things which seemed
silly to me at the time. , Thu war wus to me
so serious that I could not appreciate that
great minds like that of President Lincoln
must have relaxation. I remember once
when things looked the blackest Tom
Thumb and General Nutt weru brought by
P. T. Bar nil in to the white house. President
Lincoln and his cabinet gave up business
for an hour and spent It In being enter
tained by them. This at the tlmo seemed to
me outrageous. I thought It was a very
foolish proceeding to engross the attention
of the president at such a time , but it was
perhaps a needed relaxation. I saw Tom
Thumb afterward and ho told mo that he
i ode to the white house that day In a cor-
riago which was given to him by Queen
Victoria. "
M'CLKLLAN AND HIS HORSES' TONGUES.
"Did President Lincoln really know much
about the operations of the war ? " I asked.
"Yes , Indeed. President Lincoln knew of
every movement on the military chess
board. He directed many of the operations
himself. It was ho who removed McClellan.
I don't think the real story of this order
has over been told. It was Just after the
battle of Antletam in September , 1S62. Uoth
Lincoln and Stanton had been urging Mc
Clellan to move on after General Leo's
army and capture It. I sent for President
Lincoln message after message to MeClol-
inn , directing him to move on , and McClel
lan repeatedly replied that rapid movement
was Impossible. Ho held hack on various
pretexts , and finally sent a message which
capped the climax. This last telegram was
as follows :
" "President Lincoln :
" "Wi > are .still delayed. Cnvnlry horses'
tongues nro Horo.
( SiRiieil. ) " "GUOHOR II. M'CLELLAN. '
"The Idea of stopping a great army be
cause of the soreness of the tongues of the
I horses was more than Lincoln could stand.
Within an hour after the telegram came
McClollun's head was off. An on'cr was
Issued rcllcvlni : him of the command of
i Ihe Army of the Potomac. "
' DEIIIND THE SCENES WITH STANTON.
"How did Secretory Stanton impress you ? "
I asked.
"Edwin M. Stanton seemed to mo a man
of treat force. " replied Editor Rosowater.
"Thero was no jolcliu : about him , and hi.
did an enormous amount of work , You
must remember that there were no sten
ographers or typewriters then to wrlto tele
grams nnd letters. Stanton wrote the mout
of his dispatches , which were very numer
ous. I sent off many telegrams for Presi
dent and Mrs. Lincoln , and It was n curi
ous thine to mo that Mrs. Lincoln's hand
writing was so much llko that of the presi
dent that you could hardly tell them apart.
AH for General Ilurnnlde , hn wrote a worse
hand than Horace Greeloy. Secretary Stan-
ton's penmanship was In n big , round bund. "
TELEGRAPHING DURING A HATTLH.
"How about your work with thu nnuy ,
Mr. Rosewater ? Telegraphing during u battle
tlo must bo very oxcltlnu ? "
"Yes. It Is. " replied Mr. Rosowater. "I
was In a number of minor engagements , and
I did all thn telegraphing that was done
for our army at the second battle of Hull
Run. I thought our army was going to
move right on to Richmond nt that time , and
I asked that I might bo detailed to accom
pany General Pnpo so that I might bo ono
of the first to n 'ivo at the rebel capital.
At Hull Run I baa my Instrument pluccil on
the ground among the dead horses. There
was shooting going on around mo , and I
could not tell whether wo were whipping the
rebels or whether they wcro whipping us.
General Pope was sending dispatches all
day , stating that ho was beating thn enemy ,
whllo In fact ho V-IH really being defeated.
At the first battle of Hull Itun. you know ,
there wcru a line of couriers , which brought
the news to Fairfax court house , from where
It v.-aa telegraphed to Washington. The wlro
was not carried to thn battle Itself , but the
news \van brought for ten mllca to Fairfax
station , nnd then sent. On the day of the
battle the telegraph ollico , desk , chair , etc. ,
consisted of a railroad tlu. upon which the
Instrument was placed. The operator was
a man named Rosu. Ha Kent dispatches
up until 4 o'clock , stating that everything
waa going well , and then for u tlmo there
was no news , and finally came a dispatch
stating "Our army ls In full retreat. " PresIdent -
Ident Lincoln and his cabinet wuro In thu
War department oiflcu at the time , mid thu
news was a great shock to them. That
Hainn night , however , orders wuro tele
graphed over thu country for reinforcements ,
and you know 00,000 mm enlisted within two
days. "
"What kind of machinery did you carry
with you to the field ? " I asked.
"Not much , " replied Mr. Rosowater.
"During my service with General Fremont
In West Virginia , as well ua In the cam
paign with General Pope , oil I hail wan u
pocket Instrument about three Inches wide
and six Inches long. I could connect my
instrument with auy wire at any point , uud
could disconnect It when we were through
telegraphing. Wherever the army was sta
tioned for any length of time we would
establish an olllce. Sometimes we had a
board placed on the ground for the Instru
ment , and w ; sat on the ground to do our
telegraphing. The wur telegraphers were
often watched by sharpshooters , and we had
to bo careful In selecting our positions. Some
times the telegraph Instrument would bo
placed In front of the army , and sometimes
It would be away In the rear. The day
before the second buttlu ot Hull Run the
wires had been cut between us and War-
renton , Va. , and I was sent out with n
ruconnoltcrlng expedition to re-establish the
connection. Wo had three box cars and
about -100 men. We were attacked by ar
tillery and flanked by cavalry , but wo were
able , notwithstanding this , to connect the
wires. "
STORIES OF LINCOLN.
"Tell me how Abraham Lincoln looked
when you saw him In the War department
at that time. "
"He was Just like his pictures , only pos
sibly a llttlo more worn. His cyex , you
know , wore brown. They were very lumi
nous eyes , and a peculiar thing about them
was that you could see them in the dark ,
as you can those of some animals. They
were decpset eyes , and they looked down
upon you from under heavy brows. They
were different from any eyes I have overseen
soon , and were nt times full of friendliness
and good nature.
"Speaking of Lincoln's appenranco , " con
tinued Mr. Roaewater , "ho was by no
means averse to Joking nbout himself. Atone
ono tlmo whllo he was In the telegraph
olllco the newsboys outside wer calling out
the papers. The Washington newsboys have
a very funny pronunciation , and as Lincoln
heard It ho said to the operators :
" "Did I ever tell you the Joke the Chicago
cage newsboys had on mo ? '
"The operators replied that ho had not ,
and Lincoln went on :
" 'It was but a short tlmo before my
first nomination , when I was at Chicago
attending to some low business. The pho
tographer had naked mo to sit for n pic
ture , and I did so , r had Just had my hair
cut , and my head , which is none too smooth
at betit , looked especially rough through
the now cutting. Just after my nomination
some copies of this picture were printed
nnd sold by the newsboys , who , having :
noted the face , yelled out nK their cry :
Hero's your picture of old Abe ! Ho'll
look better when ho gets Ills hair
combed. " '
'As Lincoln told this ho Inugbod over it
as heartily as If It was a good Joke on
Homebody else Instead of himself. "
FRANK 0. CARPENTER.
A 1'n I n ( I M K'Maiiii - .
Mnny persons have wondered nt the nanm
"Tho Angelus , " applied to Mlllct'8 noted
painting , and lmiirlex | | are numerous as to
Us significance. The title was not given by
the pointer himself , who dubbed his picture
simply "Tho Potato Grubbers. " When thn
p.-tlntlng panned out of his possession the
name wns changed for ono more cuplionloim
and poetical , "Tho Angelus" being suggested
by the fact that at the moment the gruli-
bortt nrn engaged In prayer , repeating thu
avos called for by the ringing of the church
bull. The custom which prevails In inosL
Catholic countries ami communities ( ) f ringIng -
Ing the church bell at sunset and rupuotlnit
ono or morn avcs Is said to have been origi
nated by St. Boiiavenlura and sanctioned by
Pnim John XXH.
BABIES WITH SKINS ON FIRE
from Uclilnii and brrulnw eczcrnai ami otuer
jklit ami ilp torturvi. K'onu but i.urunu rcsl.
Izu how tln-M ) Illllu ODUII mffur. To know that
a warm lulli IUi CUTICUIIA Heir and
, a > lilla | {
aiinlleutloii of CUTiruiiA ( olnlmnil ) , Uio uroat
i . ? curVv' ' " ' " 'f10 n J rt'y ' cf cai Tf0 , , |
In.Unt itjllof , punull n > l nifl 1e p , ami polnl
to u up-oily nuu. BUI ] uot to u e them wilhlut a
nioiutnt't delay Id to fell lu our duty.
