THE OMAHA DAILY BISK ; TUESDAY. MAttOH 10 , 180G.
INVENTION AND INDUSTRY
Eevolntlon In Man's Work Wrought by
Man's Brain.
ROSEWATER BEFORE CHAUTAUQUA CIRCLE
Climme * in the Wny of
the llnnyVorlri Witnessed in
Modern Tlincw Tliclr Ocn-
crnl KITciil.
The final addroM in the ecrlos ot talks
en Industrial subjects , which have entertained
the members ot the Chautauqua circle ot
the First Mothodlst church , was given by
B , HoPCwator last evening. His subject was
"Tho Evolution of Domestic Industry of Our
Own Times , " nnd the ad drew was heard with
marked Interest. A comprehensive review
ot some ot tbo most notable Industrial
achievements of modern times was supple
mented by the relation ot nome of the per-
oonnl experiences ot the speaker , and n
discussion of the probable effect ot the de
velopment of the Industrial world on the his
tory of future gcneratons. Mr. .Jlosewater
said :
"Tho comprehensive , If not exhaustive re
view ot the progress ot Invention , made to
this assembly last week by Mr. McConncll ,
lias In a great measure anticipated the re
cital ot the marvelous achievements of the
century. While I shall endeavor ns much
as posolblo to a\old repetition of what has
already been portrayed In such a masterly
manner by Mr. McConnell. It would bo ut
terly Impossible to enter upon the Intelligent
survey of the Industrial evolution In our
own time , without reference to nt least sev
eral of the potential agencies that have rev
olutionized the world's commerce nnd pro
foundly affected the social and political
structure of every civilized nation.
"Tho Introduction of steam power on land
nnd sea has literally changed the face ol
nature and given greater Impulse to com
mercial and Industrial activity , than nnj
konwn agency of moilorn civilization. We
ewe to steam the rapid settlement of the
wont , the building ot great cities , the mag
nitude of modern commerce , the enormous
Increase In Immigration and last but no' '
least , the annual vacation In Europe.
"From the era of steam we are passing tt
the era of electricity , Electricity has an *
nlhllated time and space and Is destined
at no distant day to supplant steam aa tin
potential factor of the world's progress
AVlthln thirty years the world has wltncsse ;
the fulfillment of Puck's prophecy. Wo havi
girdled the earth by an electric current tha
transmits Intelligence Instantaneously to tin
remotest parts of the globe.
"It was on the 2nd day of August , 18S6
that the Atlantic cable , projected my Cyrui
TV. Field , first began to convey message !
between Europe nnd America. Today <
dozen Atlantic cables connect the America !
continent with Europe and as many mori
connect the world's metropolis with tin
colonial possessions ot England In India
Australia nnd South Africa , while a score o
cables afford facilities for International com
munlcatlon to the southern hemisphere.
GILPIN'S COSTLY MESSAGE.
"At that time I was manager ot tin
Omaha office of the Pacific Telegraph com
pany and on the day after It was announcei
that the Atlantic cable had been complete *
my attention was directed to a messag
that was being repeated from Denver. Th
mcssago was :
"DENVER , Colo. , Aug. 3 , 18GG. To Ivoul
Napoleon Bonaparte , emperor , Tullorle :
Paris , France : Please leave Boheml
nlonc. No Interference will bo tolerated b
this territory , JOHN GILPIN , Governor.
"I remarked at the time that It was evl
dent that there were people out In Colorad
who had more money than brains , but who
I was asked what should bo done with th
mcssago I gave Instructions to send It t
New York as directed. At that time tt > or
was no telegraphic communication botjvee
New York nnd the American terminus c
the cable at St. John's , and tho'message ' 1m
to bo sent from Now York to St. John's b
steamer. Soon after I received a bill froi
the New York ofllco against Denver a
lai In gold , which represented the rxpsns
ot sending the telegram at that time ,
sent the bill on to Denver , hut t'io Uanvc
people did not seem to take much nolle
of It and they finally said that they dl
not understand what It all meant. I finall
assured them that they would have to pn
that amount for that message unless the
recalled It before the steamer palled , bi
they failed to do so. I never heard what tr
emperor said when ho received the cabli
gram , but I know that eventually the cUli
for J230 , which was what J131 In gold vt
worth at that'time , was pressed against tt
Denver ofllco and they had to pay It. Moi
recently I met Governor Qllpln and ventun
to Inquire If ho remembered the telegram
But for some reason ho did not seem '
consider the allusion at all funny and r
fralnod from discussing the subject. At thi
tlmo the cost of a cablegram was $100 In go :
for twenty words and $10 for each woul ai
dltlonal , making the cost of the message $13
Now the message could bo sent the ontli
distance for about $5BO. The cable tarl
la 25 cents a word with a reduction to tl
press. Then there was only 3,600 mil
ot submarine cable In the world where the :
are now 90.0QO miles.
"In January , 18G3 , I made a proposition
the Brazilian government to construct a Hi
of cables to connect the principal cities
Brazil and proposed , Incidentally , also
carry In connection with this ocean cabl
river cables up the Amazon and Orlnoc
Thu experience of the British tolcgraj
builders In India had shown that eve :
land In the tropical countries was suhje
to frequent electrical disturbances by Eton
and the wires to constant breaks by tl
monkeys and largo birds that seemed to tal
pleasure In using the wires for gymnasl
exorcises. The land lines ot India are real
lightning rods screwed together ai
supported by bamboo posts. My pro
osltlon transmitted to the Imperl
Brazilian government through their mlnlot
at Washington , the Baron Llsboa , was , ho'
over , rejected , after some months dollber
tlcn , on the ground that Brazil had no u
for ft telegraph system , there being on
flva miles nf railroad In Brazil at that tlm
"Today Brazil has telegraphic cammunlc
tlon with Europeby cable lines 7,000 mil
long , and tlio cables that wore projected
mo up tha Amazon nnd * Orinoco more th
thirty years ago are about to bo laid aa t
result of .practical . experience with overhe
lines has made It necessary to place tin
wires under water ,
"Within thirty years we have witnessed t
completion of the SUM canal , which gives
to the commercial world a continuous water
way from the Baltic to the Indies , "
In this connection Mr. Hosewater called
attention to the Intlmucr which had come to
pats by virtue of the telegraphic connections
between different parts ot the world. Before
the cable existed the best time made by the
ocean steamers between New York nnd Liver
pool was eleven days. So no Intelligence
could be transmitted acroe the ocean within
this period. The result was that all products
hnd n speculative value. The person vvbo
purchased products for export had to discount ,
the Incidents that might occur within the
next ten or eleven days , Now a transaction
which took place on the stock exchange at
London at 3 p. in. was quoted In New York
at 10 a. m. , owlirR to the Instantaneous com
munication and the difference In tlmo bo-
ween the two cities. The eamo transac-
Jon was known In n few minutes nt Zanzibar ,
Bombay , Calcutta , Illo Janlero , nnd In fact ,
t any point that was reached by the tele-
; raph. In this manner the uniformity of
narkets and prices was established and tno
pectilatlve quantity was largely eliminated
rom commerce.
JULES VERNE AS A 1'UOPHET.
In the centennial year , continued the
peakcr , the thought of transmitting power
> y electricity was considered chimerical. In
.ho Columbian year It Mas no longer even n
ovclty , and electricity was far and wldo
eglnnlng to supplant forms ot power
'amlllar ' before. The power ot electricity
liad been forecasted with marvelous fidelity
liy Jules Verne In his book , " 20.000 Leagues
Under the Sea. " This work was translated
ml republlshed In this country In 1870 , long
l > oforo electric lights or motors were ever
thought of. In tbo caurso of his book
Verne had remarked , "At the period when
these events took place , I had Just returned
from a scientific research In the disagree
able territory of Nebraska , In the United
States. In virtue of my ofllco as assistant
protestor In the museum of natural history
n Paris , the French government had at
tached mo to that expedition. After s'x
months In Nebraska I arrived In Now York
toward the end of March loaded with a
precious collection , "
The speaker explained that about the tlmo
when Verne's book was written Nebraska
was supposed to bo a veritable grave yard
of prehistoric remains. In fact , Prof. Marsh
of Yale college had gone all over the Repub
lican valley and In the vicinity of Chadron
had collected a vast quantity of bones ol
prehistoric animals. The French protessot
had undoubtedly learned of this and con
cluded that Nebraska must bo a section ol
what was vaguely alluded to as the Great
American Desert and the result was hi ?
peculiar opinion of Nebraska.
Mr. Hosewater then read extracts from UK
hook to show how closely the author ha- ]
duplicated the achievements In clectrlca
science which had elnco then como to pass
The author had finally arrived In New Yorl
with his specimens and had there become
ono of the passengers on the ship "Abrahair
Lincoln , " which had Just been commlssIonoC
to proceed on an expedition after the formld
able sea monster , which had occasioned si
much speculation. Then he was thrown lnt <
the sea by a collision with the monster nut
eventually found himself In the Nautilus
Captain Nemo's wonderful submarine vessel
which had been the cause of so much con
stornatlon amone the dwellers on the sea
The conversation between the professor am
Captain Nemo , during which the former wai
shown the marvels ot the submarine boat
was read and the speaker showed how nearl ;
the achlwcmeJite wHich Verne ) had dc
scribed resembled what had already bcconn
a reality. The electric motors were si
sraphlcally described that they might almos
servo as descriptions ot the perfectStl In
ventlona ot the present clay.
In his "Around the World In Eighty Days'
Verne had also approximated what the futuri
had In store. That record had now b&3i
excelled , and the speaker showed a Japanesi
coin that George Francis Train had carrlei
around the world In sixty-eight days. A
the present tlmo the Journey could probabl ;
bo made very comfortably In sixty daye
Verne had told how Phlneas Fogg , the her
of the story , had started to travel acres
Nebraska on a train which was attacked am
derailed by savages near Kearney. It wo
related that as the stage coach was to
slow to enable him to reach Omaha o ;
time , he had constructed a fort ot sled wit :
sails , which the wind propelled with sue
rapidity that he reached Omaha In abou
j forty-eight hours , and was able to contlnu
his Journey on time. It was a fact that
f
\ train had been attacked and derailed b
r Sioux Indians near Plum Creek at about th
tlmo mentioned. The conductor of the tral
scalped , but he recovered his scalp , an
it was afterward oxhlbted In Omaha. Th
conductor was a man of wonderful physlqui
and ho recovered after his terrible oxpt
rlence.
LONG DISTANCE SPEAKING.
"Twenty years ago , " continued the speakei
'nobody oven dreamed of communicating b
word of mouth from ono story of a bulldln
to another , unless It was by tubes. The Ir
ventlon of the telephone has revolutionize
our entire mode of municipal Intercourse , an
a long-distance telephone haa made It pos
slblo for men to hold Intercourse with eac
other more than 1,500 miles apart.
"Fifteen years ago only the moat perfei
appliance for lighting our cities was carbo
gas. The electric light today may bo foun
in the jungle cities of South Africa an
among the bushranger villages of No
Zealand. Steam power has given way with !
the last ten years only to the more subt ]
electrlo energy , harnessed for the propulso !
of whirring spindles and turning wheels 1
mills and factories , and the still more I :
borlous propulsion on tramways , with a fa
prospect also of displacing the uteam locomi
tlve and tbo complex steam machinery c
our ocean greyhounds.
"Within the past twenty-five years tl
sowing machine has completely revolutionize
Industries and mechanical trades that wci
for thousands ot years carrlod on exclusive :
by hands of men nnd women skilled !
wielding the noedlo. The general Introductlc
of [ rawing machines has multiplied and sin
plifled the capacity for the production i
garments nnd brought within the reach
the poorest , articles that wcro former
deemed a luxury , U 1ms moreover broai
oncd the avenue for eelf-hc > lp and Indepeni
cnco to women who formerly wore compelli
to eke out a wretched existence. We a
exporting $2,000,000 of Bilk Garments.
"Tho utlil later Invention , the type write
has been moro potential for securing a llv
llhood and fair wages to women worke
than- could ever bo gotten for them by un
vorsal suffrage and the ballot.
"Tho evolution of the perfecting pre
Within the past quarter of a century hi
been a most potential factor In promotlt
the education of the mames.
By far the greatest progreM mndo throui
the Instrumentality of Invention has been
the field of education. It Is not merely
the multiplication of printed matter by Hgl
nlng processes that public education h
been advanced In the past twenty ycai
but In the Introduction of processes ot dupli
cating the matter set In typ under the pro
cess which was not In VORUO up to 1S75. All
newspaper periodicals and books , as well as
all artistic productions of the typographer ,
have to ho directly copied from the original
typo work. The Introduction of stereotyping
and electroplating has completely revolu-
tlonlcd this mode of printing. InMead of
being limited to the capacity of only ono
printing prcs , wo may now quadruple , or , In
fact , multiply to any extent the capacity
of turning out printed matter by stereotyping
the original type and printing from the
plate ? , so that great newspapers like the
NuVork World or the Now York Herald
are In position to fabricate 500,000 eight ,
twelve or twenty-four page papers In a single
hour ,
In commenting on the Invention ot the
typesetting machines , Mr. nosowater gave n
brief account ot his visit to the ofllco ot the
London Times In 1891 , where he saw the
first working example of the Invention. The
machines were not equal to those now In
use , as each required the rervlccs of three
men , but ono thing ho noticed In this ofllco
which ho had never seen duplicated. The
man who operated the machine worked with
the tccclvers of a telephone In his cars. He
was taking the parliamentary proceedings
from Wcstmlnnler and setting It up with
lightning rapidity as It came over the tele
phone. So no copy was used and the first
the editor sa.v of the matter was when the
proof was laid on lila derk.
Within the past tfii years only the procpa
of Illustration , formerly confined to hand
engraving , which even In the crudest and
least skilled hands entailed great expense ,
has boon superceded by the photo-engraving
and photo-lithographing press , which trans
fers to paper at a merely nominal cost the
sketches and drawings of great artists and
duplicates for us In all Its exquisite shades
copper plato and fltccl plate engravings thai
rank among the highest works ot art.
Within leys than flvo years processes have
been supplemented by color lithograph and
chroma presses which enable us to familiar
ize the masses with the world's famous
painters and cannot fall to have a tcndenc )
to stimulate the popular tnsto for art ant
make painting as popular as music.
CLOTH AND GOLD WORK.
"The Industrial revolution that has beer
In progress within the past quarter of i
century In the Improvement and mulUiillca
tlon of textile fabrics Is almost as marvel
ova as has been the evolution In the ar
preservative of all arts. There are now
fabrics woven from cotton as delicate a :
the most ot hand looms of India , so > per
feet In coloring and delicate In texture
that It requires an expert to dtstingulsl
them from silk fabrics. There are 1mlta
tlon Persian rugs and carpets that an
scarcely tobe distinguished from the 1m
ported article made In Ispahan , and Smyrna
We have tapestries produced by machinery
that equal almost tha famous tapestrlc :
of the Gobelins. Still greater proflclenc ;
has been shown within the past twenty
five years In the manufacture ot wares fron
the precious metals.
"The Introduction of electro-plating hai
supplanted tha silversmiths' and goldsmiths
most precious and artistic works and en
ables us to reproduce work ot great masters
tors In bronze and aluminium. The Indus
trial revolution In fabricating articles fron
the precious metals Is marked especlall :
In the changes that have been produce
In the centeM of their production on bet
sides of the Atlantic. Twenty-five year
ago the bulk of our silver-plated ware an
gold-plated Jewelry was Impoited from Germany
many , England and Austria. Today th
great silver-plating establishments In No'
England produce all we need fcr Amerlc
and a great deal for export besides. Th
Jewelry manufactories at Attleboro , Mass
now supply not only all the cheap plate
Jewelry for the United States , but expoi
largo quantities of this ware to Europea
countries which formerly enjoyed the me
nopoly of Its manufacture. Thla rovolutlo
In the centers of manufacture U cquall
striking in the production of wntchei
Thirty years ago every locomotive englnee :
every conductor nnd In fact nearly everj
body In America who wanted to bo sui
. of a reliable timepiece used the Englls
i patent lever watch , with hand made work :
hand hammered nnd hand polished case :
Today the English patent lever watch ca
only bo found among the rare curios <
the museums and possibly here and thei
among the brlc-n-brac of the ancient pawi
broker shop. Millie-no of American watchi
with machine made norks and machlt
made cases are now in use in this countr ,
and from 30,000 to 50,000 American watchc
are annually exported to foreign lands.
"Tho discovery of petroleum and natur ;
gas has wrought a great revolution , in m
only the lighting of dwellings and stor
lioiibcs but in the Improvement of the pr
ceases of steel-making and Iron workln
Thirty years ago there was not a single ra
made in America , and the rails of the Pacll
railroads were the first practical appllanc <
of the production of American Industry. Tl
charters of the Pacific railroads require thi
all the rails should ho of American make ai
the demand for such a largo quantity
homo made rails enables the capitalists
the Iron works of Pennsylvania to add tl
Industry of machines for rallmaklng to tl
plants. Thirty years ago the price of Amci
can rails was ? 81 per ton. Today the be
American steel rails can be bought at fro
$26 to ? 28 per ton. The Improved process
of Bessemer and other Inventors have
multiplied the use of Iron , cheapening I
production , that Its use Is no longer co
fined to the construction of bridges and ral
ways , but has entered largely Into the co
structlon of our modern metropolitan bull
Ing. The first ten-story sky-scraper mai
its advent In America leas than twenty yea
aio , and the first twenty-story building
the world was erected three years ago. T !
Masonic temple ot Chicago was ono of tl
wonders of the Columbian fair. Since th
Btcol frame structures are looming up
our great cities to unheard of heights , ai
very recently an eminent Now York archltc
has startled the world of architecture '
projecting a two-hundrod-story building 1
the American metropolis. This means
building not less than 2,000 feet In helg
or 1,000 feet above the pinnacle of the Ell
tower. If any of you expect to take up yo
residence In New York , applications for fli
In the ono hundred and ninety-eighth sto
will bo received and considered In duo tin :
ON FARM AND PLANTATION ,
"Tho Industrial evolution In our own tlm
has been as marked in the almost abnoru
increase In the volume of staple productlo
of the farm and plantation as It has In t
multiplication of the world's transportntl
facilities. Take the principal staples of t
American farm and plantation , wheat ai
cotton , and what do wo find ? In 1S70 , t
area planted In cotton was estimated
7,000,000 acres. In 1885 the area plant
was 18,000,000 acres , and In 1891 Texas ale
produced as much cotton ns was raised In t
cntlro union In 1853. In 1880 the number
cotton mills in the United States was 71
with 10C7S,51G spindles. In 1891 the nui
her of spindles operated In the United Stat
PEN PICTURES PLEASANTLY AND POINTEDLY PUT.
AN UNUSUAL CAS13
Indeed , to get a 15.00 shoo for S.1.00 and to
make a regular Uilntr ot It. Most ladlea
won't tulto any stock In It until wo show
It to them and then they Invariably Bay.
"It's too good a shoe for fJ.OO you could
get $3,00" Why don't we , then ? Simply because -
cause wo buy U for less than $3.00 and wo'd
ratlier have you pruislnir our shoes thun
Bill them to you for ordinary $5.00 uhoea.
and we ( Muld do It. too easy tor most $5.0C
uhoea are not as good. It's lace or button ,
extreme pointed , patent tin toe , a most per
fect shoo In every way If wo sell you ono
pair we'vo got you ,
Drexel Shoe Co. ,
1419 Farimm
ONLY ONR IN SIGHT
So are wo the only carpet and curtain
house In Omaha that does BO largo a busi
ness as to justify ) us in dealing only in
carpets and curtains. We don't know any
thing else , anyway been at It all our lives
We've learned haw by this no experiments
with us If wo recommend i carpet or cur
tain to you you rely upon our word we
haven't missed H yet We'd like to show
you our new arrivals In spring styles , both
In carpets and curtains Visit with us.
Omaha Carpet Co
Only exclusive 1515
Carpet House here. Dodge
THIS EI.UVATKI ) STANDAlil )
Of sheet music was never hotter evlm
than by the new productions that have 1
lately come In , amcng them Ullienberc'a ti
"Oormanla March" and Wagner's two-s
march. "Under the Double Eagle. " <
"Handicap. " a two-step by nosey , the c <
poser of "Honeymoon" Mo. and Hoi' '
latest "New Woman , " 50c , Any amount
bheet nnis',0 at one cent a copy It's gold
Do , but not by us. all you want at a c
a piece. Something new In the way
muslo or arts coming In every day.
A. Hospe , Jr.
Music uud Art. 1523
was 15.700,000 , and this number of mllU hail
Increased to 97B. Tht nRRfegato number ot ,
spindles In Rttropo twtftty years ago wns
D9,4G3,000. The aRgr H te number ot spindles I
In Europe In 1895 a. In round numbers , I
74,000,000. India , tfio 'greatest rival of the ]
United States In tlfo ijnfoiluctlon ot cotton ,
enormously Incrcaswl 1U production of the
staple by Improved , methods ot cultivation.
In 1S76 the number'of spindles In India was
1,240,000. Six yearaMittur , In 1SS2. India , hml
Increased Its capacity , , , to 1,613,000 spindles.
In 1894 India had 142 mills , with n capacity
ot 3,650,000 spindles , eV about one-fourth of
the capacity of the Unltbfl States. The enor
mous Increase in the.iproductlon ot cotton ,
duo largely to the chfeapenlng ot the cost of
production by 110 IMUMuctlon of machinery ,
hns been followed by /corresponding / reduc
tion In the price ot tha staple. While the
price of cotton nt the' ' beginning ot the present -
ont century was as fclgh ns 23 cents a pound ,
It had by I860 decreased to 1C cents per
pound , and command * today only from 6 cents
to 7 Cents tier pound In' the world's markets.
The fall In prices Is , therefore , not , ns some
deluded people assert , due to the decline In
the price ot silver , but Is solely due to the
laws ot supply nnd demand. And If the
silver hypothesis wa correct , there could
bo no rational explanation ot the drop In
the price of cotton fi-oni 23 cents to 11 cents
per pound , while silver has not fluctuated
more than 1 cent p * ounce. "
The enormous Increaco In the wlicat pro
duction was also cltod. The construction ot
the Siberian railroad systotn by the Uuraltui
government bad opened up the vast territory
ot Slbcra , which was na large us the United
States , nnd ot nearly equal advantaRes. The
soil wns a black loam and millions ot acres
had been cultivated by men who were willIng -
Ing to work for more than enough to en
able them to llvo from hand to mouth. The
steam plow had been used hcio even moro
successfully than In North Dakota , us the
nusjlan government never did anything by
halves , and n vast output of wheat had boon
oant to OJossi to be shipped all over Kurope.
The fertile plains of the Argentine Republic
had also been thrown open and Immense
herds of cattle had been raised nnd shipped
out to swell the world'u production , The
result was that the cereal market had been
glutted , but the effect was not all bad ,
The tlmo had bebn when It was declared
that war wag a necessity , tor otherwise the
population of the earth would Increase until
the eoll would not support It. IJut now It
had been shown that the world could produce -
duce enough for twlco Its population , and
with constant Industrial development it
could continue to multiply the production.
HOLLAND'S MODERN BUTTER.
"Among the curious results ot the In
dustrial evolution , not the least Is the fact
that Hollond , which IB recognized as the
nreatest dairy country in the world , Is the
largest Importer of American oleomargerlne ,
which , after being artistically manipulated In
the country of wind-mills , Is reexportod ao
'extra select Dutch dairy butter. ' Chicago
alone shipped 60,000,000 pounds of oleomar-
gorlno Into the Netherlands In 1890. Another
00,000,000 pounds was shipped from South
Omaha , Kansas City , Now York and Phil
adelphia.
"Tho Introduction of labor-saving machin
ery In every department ot productive Indus
try has revolutionized the whole system of
production. The skilled mechanic who for
merly was able to accumulate a competence
. by thrift and Industry through Individual
effort has been crowded out by the machine
' operative of the factory. The small trades
man Is being forced to the wall by the de
partment store. The competition of the
great producers who manufacture only where
It can bo dona to Ijo best advantage ID
irresistible. The .results of large enter
prises are only rendered porslble by com
binations of capltal.tnrt Great organizations
monopolize all the , comforts and many of
the necessities of lffe.i
Immensa farms ande cattle ranches arc
Hooding the markejatpf Europe with cheap
meats and grains , crippling the loans of the
land agents and depressing the value ot the
lands , crushing outysmal , ! producers and cen
tralizing production , i-nhero labor and ma
terial can be obtained , , : the cheapest. The
prices of comblnallpn have resulted not only
In putting practically the cntlro farming In
dustry In Amorlcaiint the hands ot corpora
tions , but enabled thei latter to put an end
to competition among themselves by the
creation of trusts to monopolize the produc
tion of a particular article. In a country
where ) manufacturers nnd trade are absolutely -
lutoly free nnd unrestricted , monopolies have
fastened themselves levon upon the neces
saries ot life. On the other hand labor
taking Its cue from capital , though more
slowly because less Intelligent and alert to
Its own Interests , has centered Its various
efforts In trades unions with the avowed ob
ject of dictating the terms upon which the
production under the system of monopoly
shall be carried on. Organized labor con
tends with some degree of truth that the
business methods ot the past thirty years
have Increased enormously the fortunes of a
few and tend to widen the belt between the
very poor and the- very rich , and yet It is
equally true that the laboring people of this
country , and those of every country on the
face of the globe , are better housed , better
fed and better clothed than those at any
other period In the history ot man. The
working classes have , moreover , gradually
passed from a state of dependence , yea , from
the state of slavery and serfdom to an equal
ity with their rulers such as has never been
conceded. I refer not only to the working
classes In America , where the poorest laborer
Is polltlcAlly the peer of the multimillionaire ,
but to the brend-wlnnors ot European mon
archies , who have gradually forced recogni
tion of their rights as men. Even the Chinese
coolies are receiving ngalnat their will the
benefits of Industrial evolution. "
In conclusion the speaker said that the
effect of the Industrial evolution would bo
the unification of the races and the abolition
of future wars. This would not necessarily
moan the unification of governments , but
the unity of race. The constant diffusion of
Information by the prcaj and the telegraph
tended to bring men together , and the tlmo
como when other nations would interfere to
prevent any sudden conflict that might en
danger the advance of civilization.
At the conclusion of his address Mr. Uoso-
water was tendered a vote of thanks by a
rising vote.
The only additional feature of the program
was an essay by Miss Ida Dutts on "The De
velopment of the Public School System. "
The essay was a thoughtful and interesting
review of the progress of centuries. In the
middle ages education had been purely the
perogatlve of the aristocracy. Those who
could afford it employed tutors to Instruct
tholr children , but the poor and middle
classes who needed education most were unable -
able to obtain It. In this country free
schools had b&cn made one of the first prln-
ciples ot the government , and from the time *
when the first free school was established
In Boston In 1G35 , the history of the public
school syutem had been that of constant
progress ,
eg
yv j rs.
rs.AMUSEMENTS. .
A double quartet , ' lacking ono voiceof
those colored vocalftti who foster and keep
alive among northern peoples the folk-songs
'
of the- negro of thf south , appeared a't St ,
Mary's Avenue Congregational church last
night , before a good-steed audience. There
are several fine natural voices among the
members of this troupo'nf ' Tcnnegjceans from
Chicago , but It U ljBj'j'conspicuous ' ' among
other organizations j'otnJts kind in this re
gard , A clear , high tenor , somewhat Im
paired last night by the hoarseness of Its
owner , a bass ore'r | % f great depth and
volume , and a contraUp"df a go.nulne baritone
quality , stood out notably in the concerted
numbers , anil were'hfeXrd to decidedly less
advantage In solos' ; ' None of the voices ,
however , showed fho < refining results of
proper cultivation , antT'all manifested a de
plorable tendency to swerve from the key ,
Some of tbo characteristic jubilee songs were
, well given , with real spirit and fire. A
1 dreary second part , on thp other hand , made
up of Individual efforts at muslo ranging
from "Ernanl" to "Paradise Alley , " and
from "Comln1 Through the Hye" to the
' serio-comic Irish-American dlttlca ono hears
t'8 In farce comedy , and ending with a rnolo-
Of
: or dramatic rendering of "Old jDlack Joe" In
nit character , might profitably have been
of omitted entire. One does not remember to
have heard so carry a , collection of cheap
% nd trivial molodlea in any single variety
entertainment ot the year ,
The modlst artist who accompanied the
singers on the piano did that oftce with
S. delicacy and good taste , and ho might doubt
less have bad as many recalls for his solos
It Is OUR GUIiAT INTUOIM'CTOKY OITKU In not confined I
to Omnhn , but applto ) to nil sections reached by the gront
Omrthft dhlllcg , It bolnp tlio special purj > osiM > fjlio ymllcnto
hi THIS supplementalI distribution to phico nt Icnit ONB
sot o the voliinim hi KV10HY comnjunHy , comynriBon
A Great with other djctlonnrlqs nnd oiicyclopiudlnj , thereby sccur-
ing widespread nnd fnvornblu publicity for this nnw work.
For $1 the \Vcstorn Nowsjmpor Syndicate will plnca you In
Proposition Immediate possession ( If you apply promptly ) of n full sot
[ 4 sumituou9 ) volumes , over fi.OOO pnpc3J of th'nt tncompnra-
bio rororonco library
With the prlvilogo of returning1 tbo work within ton days If not precisely as represented.
At Onoe a Dictionary and an Encyclopedia. Produced at a Cost of Over $750,000 ,
Judge Irvine of the Supreme Court of Nehraskn snys : "After havhm exhausted
all other sources , 'Century Dictionary * Included , I secured the desired information
from the now "Eucycloruudie Dictionary. "
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as the others If ho had heen minded to
respond. _
Sousa's concert band , will ho heard at
Boyd's next Saturday afternoon and evenIng -
Ing in two attractive and popular programs ,
each of which will Include several of the
spirited compositions of the leader. The
excellence of this organization Is generally
recognized , and the perfection to which it
has been brought by Mr. Sousa has been a
source of pleasure to music levers In all
parts of this country.
The sale of scats will open Friday morn
ing.
Jefferson Leerburger , general representa
tive of the Gustav Iliurlch Grand Opera
company , will arrive In Omaha within the
next few days , when the repertory which
will ba presented at IJoyd's theater on the
19th , 20th and 21st lusts , , will be decided
upon. The request seems to ho pretty gen
eral that Humperdlnck's now fairy opera ,
"Hansel and Gretel , " which has created
such a sensation both In Kurope and America
last season , bo Included In the Omaha reper
tory , and Mr. Leorburger cannot fall to maho
proper recognition of this fact. The scale it
prices has been somewhat reduced for the
Omaha engagement.
An unusually strong attraction has been
secured for three nights at the Crelghton ,
commencing Thursday , March 12 , Ir. Ca
nary & I/edorer's mammoth New York pro
duction , "The Merry World. " To lovers -ol
the effervescent style of amusement "The
Merry World" will probably prove satis
factory. There la a Jlnglo and dance about
the performance , and a succession of com
edy situations , operatic groupings , beauti
ful effects , gorgeous ballets , bewildering
marches and In fact a little ot everything
which might go to make up an evening ot
fun , The burlesque on "Trilby , " which oc
cupies the first act , the operatic melange ,
In which wo are permitted to see a little
of "Wang , " "Madeline , " "Little Trooper , "
"Dr. Syntax , " "Hobln Hood , " "Hob Uoy , "
and In fact all ot the popular successes of
the present season ; thq burlesque on
"Mme. Sam ! Gene , " and the numerous
bright specialties , all contribute to the on-
Joymont. _ _ _ _ _
The well known comedy , "SI Plunkard , "
will ho the attraction at the Crelghton
for five nights , commencing Sunday mat
inee , March 15 , when this familiar produc
tion will have elaborate stage and scenic
effects and numerous new and amusing
situations. The- burlesque farmers' street
parade , headed by "Whistling SI , " will be
an amusing feature. The prices during the
coming engagement vsill be popular.
Katie Emmctt's engagement at the
Crolghton In "An American Doy" will close
with two performances tomorrow , a popular-
priced matinee being given at 2:30.
lliirlnl of Ciovenior Gr
LOWELU MOHS. , March , Governor
Frederick II. Grcenhalge'a funeral was an
Imposing spectacle and a striking tribute
of popular retpect ta the late executive of
Massachusetts. The public obsequlea were
preceded by services at the home of Mrs.
Ureenhalge. Uev , J. Tw. Sewanl ot Alston ,
for many years pastor ot the Unitarian
church In this city , ot which Governor
anmnlmlRo Was a member , outdated. The
remains were then taken to the First Con
gregational church under e cert of a com
pany of the National Guard , where the
public services wure held. llev. George
lialchcllor delivered the acidreg * , The list
of honorary pallbearers Included the numes
of Benator Lodge , lion. H. M. Knowlton ,
Mayor Courtney and President Klllott of
Harvard university. IJualness In the city
was suspended during the funeral and till
public and many private buildings were
draped.
OP WOMAN'S OMIII.
The aiembcrti IMuy af\Uelnir In Coii-
The program ot the parliamentary practice
department , which was postponed from last
Monday , was carried out yesterday at the
Woman's club rooms. The house was
crowded. The department transformed Itself
Into the lower house of a twentieth century
congress , with clerk , pages , sergeant , etc. ,
and began business as It adjournment had
taken place the day before.
The clerk read the record of the last day's
proceedings. It contained various Innocent
little bits , such as an account of the passage -
sago of a Sudbcrough bill , a Falrbrothcr
bill , resolutions Introduced by Towno of
Now Hampshire and supported by Tllden of
Nevada , and showing the passage of a neas-
ure to pension Frances F. Ford ot Omaha
for Invaluable services to the Omaha
Woman's club , and called torth many broad
smile ? .
The first to report on committee was Mrs.
Draper Smith of Ohio , chairman of the com
mittee on highways and byways. She sup
ported the claim of the bicycle to right ot
way In all streets , roads , alleys , corridors
and passages , public and private. In battle ,
armies should give way until the bicyclist
had pawed. The report received much ap
plause and was followed by the report ot the
committee on mines and mining , read by Us
chairman , McKelvy of Kentucky. It favored
a highly wrought socialistic scheme for dis
bursement ot profits from production of coal.
Kdson of Oklahoma , chairman of foreign af
fairs , read an Inspiring report , showing
peacj and tranqulllty and pointing to the
Immediate establishment of a world's con
gress.
Strawn of Illinois made a witty report In
the way of reform , the g'.st of which was
that as woman so nobly followed the styles
without regard to lier husband's purse or
her own Inconvenience , any man or child
who should presume to utilize- any space
which her sleeves required should bo forcibly
ejected from car or carriage , and that no
penalty should fall upon the "ejector. "
A member from Nebraska called for the
reading of house bill No. 125. This bill pro
vided a $5,000,000 appropriation for the build
ing of a depot at Omaha. ( Applause. ) Sev
eral pithy epec-ches were made for and
against this pfcject , when the discussion was
Interrupted by the arrival ot a message from
tlio president , Thli message , signed C , F ,
Manderson , at-ked for the sanction of the ap
propriation ot { 125,000,000 , for the purchase
of Canada , The house- resolved Itself Into
"tho whole house of the nation , " with Dowcy
of Oregon in the chair , and discussed the
message. Some of the best speeches were
made upon this theme.
The witty Strawn of Illinois again gained
the floor to &ay that President Mandereon ,
by dejjrlng to buy something juat because
he had the money and could get It at a
bargain , was oncrouchlng upon a distinctly
feminine prerogratlvo and must be called tea
a halt.
McGlllon ot Colorado wanted Canada and
said : "It la not enough to have for our
motto , 'America for Americans. ' It should
ba 'North America for the United States. ' "
( Applause , )
Damon of Nebraska did not want Canada ,
but wanted , Internal application of the coun
try's spare millions. Notably , she pleaded
for $100,000 to subsidize 100 saloon mpn BO
that they would locate In Omaha and thus
enable that poor city , now ( In 1005) ) reduced
to three months school per year to educate
Ita children , She appreciated her colleague's
pica far Irrigation , but Bald Nebraska needed
whUky Irrigation that It might have chools
Shcrt of Missouri wanted a finger la the
internal application of Undo Sam's money ,
and did not want Canada. She wanted to
build an onyx palace In Missouri and remove
to It the Indigent poor In order to save the
children by the Ideals of virtue and ; beauty.
Persons ot socialistic tendencies applauded
the pretty theory.
Cannon of Utah had scmo resolutions to
present regarding the re-ostabllshment ot
polygamy and Mormonlsm , which were so
violently hissed that the speaker was forced
o threaten to clenr the galleries If order
vas not ma'ntalnod. '
After the committee rose the matter ot the
appropriation for Omaha's depot was resumed
with vigor. When this Important matter
had been postponed till a day when the nw
member from Nebraska felt that her th , at
would allow her to present the matter fully ,
the special order of the day was reached
and Andrews of Iowa Introduced n bill for
equal political nnd property rights. " After
much opposition from the other side , Mrs.
Andrews made a most excellent spoosh In
support of her motion.
Mrs. Peattle followed with an amendment
providing for a uniform law of marrlago and
divorce throughout the United States , after
which the congress , "the like ot which , " In
the words of Mrs. Harford , the speaker ,
'has never been seen before and may never
bo seen again , " adjourned.
Hold TIi > a -'lour .Shipment ,
GALVUSTON , March 0. The Texas Star
flour mills on Saturday laut loaded the
stcnmshlp Ciller for ClenfiiKos and other
Jpanlfh-Amcrlcnn ports * . Uofore It nailed
the nirent at Havana cabled ; "Great ex
citement prevails ; don't ship flour , " In
response to nil inquiry another cnble came :
"Jlcprlsals ; iirtlon congress. " From this
the exporters Inferred that American flour
Is to bo excluded from Cuba on account ot
the recent action of congress , The xhlp'a
dcHtlnatlon was changed to other Weot
India pertH and sailed , 111011' this cable
was received : "Have no other news ; can
y ou proceed. " The Inft-rcnco la that the
l ocal authorities rcHOlved to retaliate
against American commerce and the Wad-
rid government Interfered.
i Vllul'to li < - CnliuiiH.
BT , IXMJI8 , March 9. Honor George
Gomez , nephew of General Mnxlmo Gomez ,
head of the Cuban revolutionary party ,
paused , through the city today onrouto to
Chicago. He arrived direct from Havana ,
The object ot hlB visit to this country Is
to luurn the exact Hltimtlon regarding tha
Krantlnir of belligerent rights to the robcls.
Ho will visit the principal cities In the
east , urglntr the wealthy Cubans to double
their enemies for the ln urgcntH. Hpoaklng
nf the result of the wur , he Hald ; "If the
United States recognize us wo will win , Dut
we will lose all we have gulnod If they fall
to do this. Bjmln In Mmllng additional
forces to Cuba every day. We could meet
thla Increase If the United Hiatus would
rccotfiilzu us OH a republic. "
O in n lilt Kill FlKlitH n Draw.
CINCINNATI , Mattel * , Mugene Pear
r.anuli of Covlngton , Ky , , and Oscar Gardner
"Omaha Kid " fifteen
ner , the , fought
rounds before the West Covlngton Athletic
club tonight for J300. It wnn u tumo affair
and was declared u draw.
Kvnvy I'"nlluro ' In tlm I' < iior Trnilf.
HOLYOKU , Muss , , March 9. The Albion-
Paper company of this city fulled today
for $500.000. Assets probably not over $200.-
000.
000.QUAKER
QUAKER OATS
The Cltiia Loves It.
The Dyspeptic Demands It.
The Kpicura Dotoa on It.
DO .YOU EAT