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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 15, 1896)
TJTE OM.AITA DAILY JJ13J3 : * SATURDAY , FKBIUTAHY 15 , 1890. ABOUT THE BIG HORN BASIN Ocnvcrting an Ancient Lake Bed Into a Blooming Field. IRRIGATION WORKS IN NORTH WYOMING Great Ueelii | > ntenln I'roiiilncil lit Country Itluli Inntnrnl He fitmreec Huiir Oeiil In l.nnil nml AVnlcr. Mention was made In ft recent Iwue of The Dee of the plans of. a company organized to build Irrigation hitches and develop a large section of arid land In northern Wyoming. Additional details of the project are supplied by a correspondent of the Philadelphia Time' . The writer Bays : To the people In the western sections of our country the question of artificial Irrlga- t'on Is a moat momentous problem. There linn been placed among the rtatutcs of the United States n law known as the Carey act , Intended to foster Irrigation In arid states , nnd to eccuro the bericflts It offers to promoters meters a big enterprise has been organized by well known people. The stor/ contained In the venture \ Instructive and Interesting. A mountain-belted area .largo as the state of Massachusetts , In the northwest corner ot Wyoming , adjoining the Yellowstone National park , wau In remote ages the bed of a vast lake. Major J. W. Powell , the eminent geologist logist , saya so , nml there -Is abundant evi dence to ujpport and none to controvert hi ? theory. lint there are few drier spots on this continent now than that old lake bed. Us ricn alluvial Mil Is of great depth doubtless averaging moro than 100 feet yet nothing nrou-H In It but cituntcd sago brush , cacti anil little cliunpn of buffalo gia-j. because of Its drought. The Big Horn river courses along Ita eastern pld and the Shoshone river across ltd widest part In a slanting direction the former about 200 mile ? , and the latter 110 miles and both streams , fed by melting snowa In the mountain' ! , nto large , yet neither Is of any natural pcrvlco In nourishing vege table llfo along Its banks. They have cut their way down through the alluvial deposit until they run on the bed rock In narrow ravines 160 feet or moro In depth. This en closed territory Is known as the nig Horn basin. The Abswka rnngo of snow-capped mountains to the west of it are the "divide" from which the waters of the Dig lUrn flow caatwardly nnd those of the Yellowstone to ward the Pacific slope. Locally the portions of that shore that once were the uhores ot the lake on th'a side nro known as the Slio- Bhono , Wind river and Gros Ventie mountains. The Pryor range of mountains are the basin's northern boundary ; those of the nig Horn range Its eastern nnd the Owl creek chain Its muthorn. Thrust Into and stretching partly ncrosj the basin are lower mountains , the Sheep and McCullough ranges , and a H rlg of Owl creek chain. Their peaks were no doubt Islands when the earth was much younger. IRRIGATING THE DIG HORN HASIN. In all arid Wyoming which Is as big ag New York slate and all Now England , and in which the annual fall of rain and snow averages less than twelve Inches there was , R year and a half ago , no moro hopelessly desolate and barren spot , to all seeming , than that old lake bed , the nig Horn basin. Then congress passed the Carey act. donating U > each of certain states , ono of which was Wyoming , 1,000,000 acres of the public do main to encourage and aid tlie state govern- mnnt In iinHpHfiklner tlin postlv nml rllfllnnlt work of rqclamatlon of the worthless land by Irrigation. There was potentiality of great value In tlie gift , but stupendous difficulties In the way of developing It. Any scheme for Irrigation , to be efficient , would need to bo planned skillfully , upon a. gigantic scale , and would demand enormous capital for realization. The science of Irrigation did not seem to bo very thoroughly understood , practically , by "anybody. Though theorists abounded , each hystem , It was realized , neces sarily presented problems In engineering pe culiarly Its own , and .moneyed'men generally manifested a shyness1 about malting Invest ments In' wU'at'Wils 'apparently a doubtful Bert of venture. Hence , nearly a year went by with little evidence that any tangible good was to como from congressional benefaction. But during that time a few enterprising men of Influence and means were actively at work accumulating neces sary Information as to the basis for a pro posal on their part to solve the problem. They had practical tests made of the effect of Irrigation upon the alluvial soil In thnt old lake bed , and found that It wau wondrously - ( drously fertile. They sent skilled prospectors among the mountains round about , seeking mineral resources , wltlt a view to finding interests for others than agriculturists. They employed competent engineers to thoroughly - oughly survey the ground and report an adequate system for Irrigating as much as possible of the Big Horn basin. And the final step of .their preparatory work was obtaining from the state legislature a charter for the "Shoshone Land and Irrigation ccm- pany , " nnd entering Into a contract for the , Irrigation of C50.000 acre" of which at least 400,000 will bo the richest farming land Im aginable In thoIlls Horn basin. To enable thla sorvlce , they are given the unappropri ated waters of the Shoshone river , which they tap high up among the foothills and will carry down through IBS miles of n main ditch and some 1,500 miles of principal laterals to desirable lands on both sides of the chasm i through the depths of which the river runs. The fall of the Shoshone river. In passing through the basin , Is about 1,800 feet , from the point where the Irrigating ditch takes off to where the stream enters the Big Horn river. Of course the Irrigation system has about the same descent , but must not make It In the continuously torrential fashion of the river. The land Is In terraces , from the foothills down to Its lowest lovcl , each tcr- race gently sloping toward a great "Jumping- off place. " On these terraces the fall of the ditch Is to bo two and a half feet to the mile , Just enough to give a good flow without strength to cut away the banks. Thou will coma a "drop" to the next terrace. The first of these "drops , " at the end of the first twclvo-mllo section , through the foothills _ . ( which was commenced In Sentembtf last and comlctcd beforp winter suspended opera tions ) has a depth of 110 feet , and there will bt cno cf 200 feet further down the line. The main ditch Is. ns at first opened , twenty-five loot wide c-n the bottom and eight feet deep , but these dimensions will \ > o" Increased to a bottom width ot sixty and a depth ot ten feet , as the requirements of service grow. Twice thla canal will have to bo carried In flumes across the Shoshone river gorge , and It must also bo flumcd across the "had lands" ( a dis tance of two miles In ono place ) where the parched earth has cracked open In crovawes of unknown depth and the maintenance cf nn open earth canal would bo Impossible. The estimated cost of the Irrigating system now- laid out Is $1.000,000 , but this Is probably under rather than over what It will bo. THE COMPANY AND ITS PLANS. The company undertaking this largo en terprise U composed of Colonel W. F. Cody of world-wide celebrity as "Buffalo Bill" Nato SiU-bury , George Blelstcln , proprietor of the Buffalo Courier ; Bronron Rumroy of Buffalo , George T. Beck , son of Senator Beck ot Kentucky , and H. C. Alger of w/ . omlng. Their contract with the state empowers - powers them to charge $18 per acre for a permanent adequate tupply of water and withhold * title from an Intending purchaser of land until ho can show a certificate of agreement with the company for Its water service. But the company , desiring to put the service at as low a prlco as possible and thereby encourage occupation of the land by actual settlers , has voluntarily re duced to $10 per acre the charge for water pupply to farming lands. That , It should bo clearly understood , 1 not $10 a year , but $10 for nil tlmo to come. And It Is net required at once , but may bo paid In In- itallments. In a term of years. Armed with his certificate of agreement lor water , the buyer Rets his land from the state at the low price of DO cents per acre. No more than ICO acres will be sold to one person , as actual rcttlers and not land speculators are wanted. On thcso easy terms the state will have for ialo In the Big Horn basin , by the- first of June next , 25,000 acres of Irri gated land soil as rich as an bo found any- ivhere on the earth's surface. Thorough In dependence of the caprices of the weather , an exceptionally moderate winter climate owing to the "Chinook" warm winds that sweep In .through the western mountain passes and certainty of a profitable homo market for crops , will doubtless be found Inducement * for settlement of the land ns rapidly a ; Irrigation renders II available. But the company contcmplntes not simply the dev | jpmont of a magiftflccnt agricultural district , but the opening "P of thu vait mineral rciourres of the Choshone and adjacent ranges ol mountains nnd the establishment of a city which shall be the gffat manufacturing cen ter of the northwest. Where the first big "drop" of the water from the Shoshone river occurs , at the lower end of the twelve-mile fcothlll section of the ditch , an energy of 30,000-horse p'wer ran bo developed and con trolled without dlfllculty. That , of course , la not the limit ot what Is attainable from the foil of such a body of water to a dlttance o ! 110 feet , but Is what It Is now planned to utilize , and that much wilt be encuch to run all the dynamos and engines Cody City the name of the new town 1 likely to have need for In some time to fome. Fuel Is abundant In the Immediate vicinity. A seven- " " has been locitei' foot vein of "caking" coal over a tract of four square miles , and the supply ot an excellent quality of bituminous coal Is practically Inexhaustible , RAILROAD FACILITIES. The Northern Paclnc railway at Red Ledge Is now within flfly miles of Cody City , ami the Chicago , Burlln ton & Qulncy line Is at Billings , only 100 miles away In the opposite direction. It Is morn than probable tint ono , or both , roads will m.iko the connection be fore the state thrown open for settlement the 25,000 acres which will bo supplied with Irri gation by the 1st of Juno next. Such exten sion would offer the easiest and best means for tourlsto to reach the Yellowstone Na- t'onal ' park , which Is only forty miles frcm Cody City , and would no doubt bo profitable from that traffic even before the settlement of the basin or the building up of the city. The factor of greatest Immediate Importance In bringing population may be expected to bo the mineral wealth of thu mountains , ao soon ns It Is generally known , and , owing to the varied and peculiar character of that wealth the prosperity based upon It will douhtlcsj beef of a much more stable character than Is usua where only gold and silver are sought. It may be as well to warn persjns who want to look up the Shoshcno river on the map , that It will generally bo found under the unde served and llbelous name of "Stinking Water , " the title given to It by the Indians In memory of the great Sulphur Springs near Its head waters. MIMNC I1ISTU1CT OKOAXIKian. Ope rut I on * In AV'j-iiniliiK IIPKlnnliiK 1'nrly In the Senmin. LARAMIRj Wyo. , Feb. | 14. ( Special. ) The Owl Cresk mlnlnt ; district was organized on Saturday , the meeting for the purpose of organlzatlon belng held at the residence of August Specht , In North Park. J. R Bush uns chosen president and August Spe < : ht , re corder , of the new camp. A largo number of mining men interested In the North Park region were present. The staking of claims In the district continues In snow from two to three feet deep. The Dodge City Placer Mining company Is putting In a dam In the Laramlo river , north ot this place. In order to work their plicer grounds by hydraulic process. Returns from gravel taken from 160 different places on the Dodge City company's grounds shrw an average of 79 cents per cubic yard. The ap paratus for washing the ground by hydraulic process will be completed and ready for op eration by spring. The stamp mill ordered by the Burlington Mining company reached Buffalo Friday and was sent to the company's claims at Kelly creek. An expert mill man from Deadwood will bo In charge of the mill. If the ex pectations of the members of the company arc realized Johnson county will be the scene of a substantial mining boom In a very short time. IIAXGI3U FOH UXl'HOVOICKD MUHIJEU I'ntMy IInrrlH AVI ml * L'p III * Career oil till' UllllOYVH. WASHINGTON , Feb. 14. John , alias "Patsy" Harris , the negro murderer , was hanged In the District of Columbia Jail here at 11:37 : thla morning. The crime for which John , alias "Patsy , " Harris today paid the death penalty was com mitted on the afternoon of July 4 last , In that portion of Georgetown known as Boston. Matthew Spruell , the murdered man , and Harris , both.colored , lived In'tho same house , together with their families. On the day of the murder Harris came homo under the influence of liquor , and un derstanding that , Spruell had refused to speak to his wife , immediately started out leaking for trouble. Ho found Spruell In a barber shop and flred at the wall of the room , merely to scare him. Spruell , becoming frightened , ran Into the street , pursued by Harris , who flred on him with fatal effect. Thcro was little or no provocation for the murder , although Harris claimed on the wit ness stand that Spruell at first made an assault upon him with a razor. Harris was 23 years old and leaves a wife and child. Affecting Government Iii LOS ANGELES , Feb. 14. An Important matter was argued In the United States dis trict court this morning In the case of the Atlantic & Pacific railroad vs. the United States. The railroad is ostensibly suing to secure $12.00 for the transportation of a soldier over Its line. The real point to be decided Is whether the read Is a land grant aided road or not. If It Is , It Is only entitled to half rates for carrying soldiers ; If It Is not , It can collect full fares. Several coun sel for the government appeared and argued the case. The authorities at Washington are much Interested , as the decision will affect the rates charged the government on other transcontinental roads. Judge Welbom took the matter under advisement. Voluminous briefs have been tiled In the case. Mnti-of-Wiir in Trouble. SAN FRANCISCO , Feb. 14. The United States man-of-war Marlon Is again In trouble. News has been received by private letter from the Alert , dated at Panama , which stated that the Marlon had put In at Callao a few days before the Alert left that port. The valve gear of the Marlon's engines was broken and It was estimated that ten or twelve days would bo consumed In making the necessary repairs. The Marlon left here reveral months ago , after undergoing a thor ough overhauling and extensive repairs at the Mare Island navy yard. DentliN of ( lie Hay. CHATTANOOGA , Tenn. , Feb. 14. Judge Whlteslde , who four weeks ago was acci dentally shot In the foot , died today from blood poisoning. ST. LOUIS , Feb. 14 , Judge Alexander Da vis breathed his last at the Bella Pleasant sanitarium today , surrounded by members cf his family and friends. Ho was 64 years old , Davis was the Jurist whose name was Immortalized by Mark Twain In "Roughing It. " The judge was then llv.'ng In Vir ginia City , Ncv. , where ha presided over the people. ' court. " * * mf DiiHliirilly AVork of 11 Ilurultir. DALLAS , Tex. , Feb. 14. A negro burglar , or a white man blacked up , entered the house of Jefferson Smith on * Kast Com merce street at midnight last night. Smith grappled with him and was stabbed In the back three times and Is believed to be fatally Injured. His wife tried to assist him and the assassin crushed her skull with a blow from an ax. She Is unconscious and cannot recover. I.nrne 11 u ril t\ lire Coniiiiii | ) ' ° 'K < illN. KANSAS CITT , Feb. H.-A Star special from Hutchlnson , Knn , , says ; The Hutchln. BOH Hardware company , one of the largest concerns of Its kind In centra ! Kansas , was closed by rnortsuK eH today. John W. Woods. Its manager , was connected with the Viilloy State bank , which lecemly failed , and the latter IB supposed to have Involved the hardware company. A statement Is not given. m Quarantine AinililNt Southern Cuttle. DENVKR. Feb. H.-Qovernor Mclntyre today Issued a proclamation forbidding the bringing of cattle nnd horses from Cali fornia , Texas , Oklahoma nnd all states and territories south of the thirty-sixth parallel of north latitude , except upon certificates of Inspection Issued by the utote veterinary board , certifying that the animals are free from Texas or splovle fever. ICHlimiu I'oiiullNt Committee. TOPEKA , Feb. 14. The populist state cen tral committee will meet here this evening to select a tlmo and place for holding the state convention to name delegates to the 3t. Louis national convention. The tlmo U likely to be In the latter part of March. HutchlnEon , Kinporla , Sallna and Abilene- are working for the convention. i MONROE AND HIS DOCTRINE Sketch of the Mnn Who Warned Enropo to Kop Hfinds Off. SOLDIER , DIPLOMAT AND PRESIDENT An Acllvp Korco In tlie Settlement of .Viittoiinl ( liieHtloiiH In ( lie Knrly Year * nt the llepuhllo I'liiched li > - I'overty. James Monroe , when ho was Inaugurated ptesldent of the United States on the 4th of March , 1817 , had served a longer appren ticeship In the public service than any man who had held or who has held that exnlto < post. post.Ho Ho was born In Westmoreland county Virginia , In 175S , says a writer In Harper's Weekly. This was the native county of Washington and alto of the Lees ; In the ad joining county Madison was bcrn. The anti- queries have studied this neighborhood wl'l enthusiastic diligence , and those of three generations ago were In the habit of speak ing of the region ns the Athens of Virginia During Monroe's ' boyhood the people of his Ecctlon were Intensely excited by the pass age ot the stamp act , and they showci tl.clr hostility to the arbitrary rule of the BrltU-li government by vigorous remon strances. Indeed , Bishop Meido has declarer tl.nt Virginia had been lighting the battles ot the revolution for 1BO years betoro the Declaration. In 1774 Monroe entered William and Mary college. Two years later three of the professors and thirty of the students left the college to Join the continental army at the headquarters of Washington , neat New York. Amoni ; the students were Jamus Monroe nnd John Marshall. Monroe became a lieutenant In the Third Virginia regiment and fought In the battles of Harlem. White Plains and Trenton. At Trenton he was wounded In the Bhouldcr. nnd the captain of his company , William Washington , was shol In the wrist. In the campaigns of the nexl two years Monroe ierved on the stiff of the earl of Stirling , with the rank of major , and took part In the battles of Brandywlno , Germantown - mantown and Monniouth. At tills last bat tle he was with Lifayette when that gallant Fienchman was wounded. Monroe returned to Virginia with the rank of lieutenant colonel , and endeavored again to enter the Virginia line ; but Virginia was not able to equip any mqic troops , so Colonel Monroe's military career came to an end , though Jefferson employed him ns a commissioner to the army In South Carolina , to report on Its condition and' ' needs. Monroe's mili tary career was not long , but the military title was enduring , tor he held It for the temnlnder of his life , and was usually spoken of , whether United States senator , foreign minister , secretary of state or president , as Colonel Monroe. THE PROTEGE OF JEFFERSON. Inaction at such a tlmo was not to the taste of this young man , and for several years ho fretted In 111 humor at his lack of opportunity. Finally he concluded to study law and this ho began as a pupil and pro tege of Jefferson , then governor of Vlrglnja. When he was 24 he was chosen to the Vir ginia assembly and was also made a mem ber of the executive council. The next year ho was a member of the continental con gress and continued In that body three years. While In New York he married Miss Kort- right and In 1786 returned to Virginia , where he practiced law In Frederlcksburg. The next year ho went aga ! > n to tha Virginia as- semoiy nno a year later he was a member of the Virginia convention to ratify tits con stitution. He took an active part In this work and It was "here that he drew upon himself the enmity of the federalists , a par tisan opposition which lasted as long as the federalist party was a factor in American politics. In 1790 Monroe took his seat In the United States senate and he was continu ously an opponent of Washington's admin istration. Mr. Morris , as minister , was not ac ceptable to the French , so Colonel Monroe was selected by Washington to fill this post. Everyone ono was surprised , as Monroe was par ticularly hostile to Washington's for eign policy at that time. He ac cepted , however , and arrived In Paris Just after the fall of Robespierre. Not another civilized nation had a representative in France at that time , and the committee of public safety hesitated to receive the newly arrived American. He waited a fortnight , and then addressed a letter to the president of the convention. Ho was. in vited to appear before the convention the next day. He delivered his credentials , nnd mads an address warm In Us sympathy for the French republic , and easily capable ot an Interpretation of hostility toward Great Brit ain. WRATHFUL HOME-COMING. Ho was rebuked by the administration and recalled two years later. Monre did nt sub mlt tamely to this treatment , but reached home full of wrath. In Philadelphia he was entertained at a public dinner by Vice Pres ident Jefferson , Speaker Dayton , Chief Jus tice McKean and other conspicuous men. He resumed his Journey to Virginia , but in passing through Alexandria failed to call on Washington at Mount Vernon. The next year he published a book of more than 500 pages , entitled "A View of the Conduct of the Executive. " This book appears to have stirred up Washington , for he wroio a reply to It , which was published by Sparks. This book by Monroe assisted In fanning party passion to a heat unknown before In America , and leaders said things cf ono another which now seem unwarranted and undignified. This heat and fury resulted In the passage of the obnoxious alien and sedlt'on acts. In 1799 Colonel Monroe was elected gov ernor of Virginia over John Brcckenrldge , and was twlco re-elected , serving till 1802. During his term of office occurred that slave Insurrection known " ' " as "Gibrlel's rebellion. Meantime Jefferson had beeomo president. In 1803 Monroe was commissioned minister to Franco and Spain. Jefferson was ambi tious to secure Louisiana. "There Is ono enemy , " wrote Jefferson In 1802. "That spot Is New Orleans. France placing herself In that door assumes to us the- attitude of de fiance. From that moment wo must marry oureolvcs to the British fleet nnd nation. " HUGE HEAL ESTATE DEAL. Eighteen days after Colonel Monroe's ar rival In Paris the treaty ceding Louisiana was signed. Ths ! was not only the largest real estate transaction ever made , but It was one of the most momentous happenings In the history of the now world. From France Cclonel Monroe went to England , and then to Spain , being commissioned to all three countries. endeavored to secure Florida fr9in Spain by treaty , but the time- was not then rlpo for such a transaction. In Eng land ho negotiated a treaty , with the assist ance of William PInkney. Lord HolUnd bflng the British negotiator. This negotiation waste to prevent a war which seemed Inevitable , and which finally came In 1812. The treaty , however , made no provision against the Im pressment of our seamen , and Mr. Jefferson did not even send It to the senate. About this tlmo Colonel Monroe became very tired of public llfo , and was anxious : o return to Virginia and his law practice , but In 1810 he again went to the Virginia as sembly , The next year he was again chosen governor of Virginia. The same year ho was appointed secretary of state by Madison , who had been president for two years. The next year Colonel Monroe communicated to England a declaration of war a war that came about through the failure' of Monroe's nlsslon six years before , Monroe was now inclined to give up his cabinet portfolio and to take to the field , but Madison prevailed upon him to stay In Washington , PRESSING WAIl MEASURES. No man In America was moro disgusted .ban James Monroe at the lame defense made jy the American armies In the beginning of that war. He Insisted that the War depart ment was In Incompetent hands , and ho recom mended that Madison remove General Arm strong , the war secretary. Armstrong was retained , however , until the fall of Washlng- on and the destruction of the capital. Then 10 gave p'ace to Colonel Monroe , who retained > oth portfolios. As secretary of war ho In- 'used fresh vigor Into the army , and was so enthusiastic and determined that he fairly snatched victory from defeat. Ho hastened : ho inllltla to the support of Jackson In New Drleans , and never lieiltated In bis entire jellef In the popular ( support of measures : aken for the defense ot the- country and the defeat of the enemy. When Madison's second term expired , In 817 , Monroe succeeded him , and held office till 1825. la bis Crsl election he received * JiJiNtfltf \ 111 r j ! fWmii % > frii tf-i-flA 183 vote t to 34 for Rutua King. In the i-jcon * . election there wat , only one vote against him , that being C45l.Jr John Qulncy Adams. The administration rf Colonel Mon roe was called "tho era cf.ptod feeling , ' ' as the United States was atltMce with all the world , and the material fleS-elopment was most gratifying. The new president , thor ' oughly trained to his duties by an experience of more than forty years f public life , calloa to his counsel some of fhe blcpt men we had In this country. John ( Julncy Adams was secretary of state : W H. Crawford , secretary of the treasury ; John 0. Calhoun , secretary of war , and WIULim Wlrt , attorney general. These were strbnR men , nnd they might have been Joined by Henry Clay had that Intrepid deb'ater consented to go Into the cabinet. In the sumntor of 1817 the president , accompanied by .Uie chief of en gineers of the army , m de..a tour of the country to Inspect fprtlqcatlons. They visited the Important cmes'of the Atlantic seaboard as far east ns Portland ; they then went west through New Hampshire , Ver mont and New York to Datrolt. Every where \\cro receptions and speeches , and the trip was a great success , adding Immensely to Monroe's popularity. In 1819 Florida was ceded to the United States by treaty , not withstanding Clay's opposition to Itu ratlflca- tlon. That same year It was proposed to admit MIsMiirl to the union. The discus sion , \\hlch lasted until the great civil war of 1SC1-5 , resulte.1 In the famous , compromise , and Missouri became a state In 1S21. BIRTH OF THE DOCTRINE. In the second year of his second term Mon roe re-cognized the Independence of Mexico , ami the next year , In lily annual message to congress , he enunciated the famous "Monroe doctrine , " of which so much has been heard of late. At that tlmo the Spanish colonies In Central and South Amer ica were fighting for Independence , with every prospect of succors. The Holy Al liance that Is tlie Roman Catholic coun tries of Europe was , It was thought by England and the United States , contem plating the reconqucst ot these colonies and the parceling out of the territory among themselves. It was nt this time that Presi dent Monroe enunciated his doctrine , which Is a corollary of Washington's declaration that Americans should not concern them selves In the politics of Europe. After stat ing the designs of the allied powers , as he understood them. 'Bolonel Monroe wrote : "We owe It , therefore , to candor and the amicable relations existing between the United States and these powers to declare that we should consider uny attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety. With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not Interfered and shall not Interfere. But with the governments who have de clared their Independence and have main tained It , and whose Independence we have , on great consideration and on Just prin ciples , acknowledged , wo could not view any Interposition for the purpose ot oppressing them , or controlling In any other manner their destiny , by any European power , In any other light than as the manifestation of on unfriendly disposition toward the United Statei- . " LEFT IN POVERTY. The next notable event In the Monroe ad ministration was the reception of Lifayette In 1823. Lafayette and Monroe had bien friends during the revolution , and when Mon roe was mln'ster to Francs he had assisted Mme. Layfayette financially while using his good offices to secure the release of her husband from prison. When Monroe had re tired from the presidency he was greatly embarrassed financially , as he had spent nearly all of his private fortune In the ex penses cf public life , and hajl.-savcd nothing from his various silarlcb..Lafayette , with graat delicacy , tried to cdmojto his relief , but Monroe declined. CongrissJ."whlIe he was alive , failed to reimburse , hjljj for expenses abroad , but after Ills deaths/I modest sum was voted to his heirs , oil 'was ' truly pitiful that such a man after siren patriotic services should have been left In 'poverty In his old When he retired from-the'presidency he returned to his home , Oak Hill , In Loudoun county , Virginia , and dtirlnR the remain ing years of his llfo divide * his time be tween there and the- residence of his daugh ter In New York. He dle'rf In New York July 4 , 1831 , and was burjedjthere. In 1858 , the centennial of .his llrth i Monroa's re mains were taken to Richmond with a mili tary escort and relnterrefl there. In personal appearanceColonel } Monroe was Hrge nnd rugged ; In mannprthowas n trifle awkward. But those nvJiOjCqme in contact with him were never left In ( doubt'as to his entire sincerity nnd frankness. When ho smiled and his blue eyes lighted up he was quite attractive , but ho generally disclosed only the parlous side of his nature. He was not a fluent and ready speaker , nor did he write with ease and finish. Hut he managed to make himself understood , and his formulation of the American Idea of the responsibility of the United States as to American affairs is not likely to bo dis turbed by any questions now pending. Binnll Hey TuriiN Thief. JEFFERSON , la. , Feb. 14. ( Special. ) The occasional loss of mail matter nddrcssed to business men In this city Is easily nccounted for since the facts In a discovery made yes terday have been made public. The post- offlco boxes are cf the combination lock style , but business men have become so lax about turning the combination knob that any ono could open the. box and extract the mall , A small joy was seen , by a passer by , to stick n lacket of letters under a sidewalk , near the jostofilcc , ami out of curiosity the man went : o the place after the boy had left and dis covered several letters addressed to a promi nent business man In town , and It has since : rrnsplred that one of them contained a draft ind another valuable papers. The boy was ntervlewed and offered In extenuation that ils father had told him that ho would whip ilm if ho brought home any more letters. - - f Qj - - lloy cot ted the Sheriff. DES MOINES , Feb. 14. ( Special Tele gram. ) The sheriff of this county Is being jcycoited by the attorneys and his fees are being reduced to almost noth- ng. A short tlmo ago It wan determined by ono of the courts hero that papers In civil suita could bo served by any persons other than a deputy sheriff , who should bo sworn in for the work. The sheriff lad been demanding fees In advance for all such services , nnd the attorneys discovered .hey could eot civilians to do the work at a very small part of the costs. The sher d's force has had little to do , and outsiders , hired by a per diem , are doing all the work. _ Deiiver'N Gold Trnl it GOC-M Knut. DENVER , Feb. 14. The gold train left or Now York this morning via the Union 'aclflc , Denver & Quit road and the Sea- > oard Air Line. There are 108 members In he party , which Is escorting I. B. Porter , president of the New York Mining exchange , o that city. The bullion car carries the It : eat collection of gold or a ever made In Colorado. The New York Mining exchange vlll be formally opened on Monday , but no stocks will bo called Unty ) , . Tuesday , when ho Colorado excursionists ( .arrive. ( luarlet n ( Criminal * 'Sentenced. CRESTON , la. , Feb. 14' ( Special Tele gram. ) A quartet of criminals was sentenced o the penitentiary this' afternoon. Dick Sharkcy , Frank Keys and'T/jtomas ' / and Frank 3rown , brothers , were convicted of burglary. iharkey was t-entenced tq aeive flvo years at mrd labor at Anamota , and the other three vlll servo three years each 'tit1 Fort Madison. Coadjutor AVI 1 1 .Vot1 lie , AiiiHilnted , DUBUQUB , Feb. 14. ( SJpfVJal Telegram. ) 'hose nearest the throno1 discredit the story rom Sioux City that a ( cc&'djutor or auxll- nry to Archbishop Hemicc y will soon be appointed. They say any upiiolntment must await the completion ofithe Duburjue seml- lary. , ' ' ivJth llurHUr.St ' , < * iillii > r. CHEROKEE , la. , Feb. 14. ( Special. ) tames Casey was arrested yesterday on the cliargo of horse stealing , preferred by Madi son county authorities. Ho V/SLS parading icre an a private detective. Sold Uillturlul Mlleiisre. DROOKINGS , B. D. . Feb. 14. ( Special Tel. gram. ) C. F. Allen of the nrooklngs Press was expelled today from the South Dakota Editorial association for disposing of adven- tilling mileage. H Ifii liter l'"nMl lit the Ice. KINQ8VILL13 , Out. , Feb. H.-A Hteamer mvlng two vmokestacks and painted In u light color Ima been stuck In the Ice four miles from here since yesterday. There Is no way of Identifying her , and the tloutlng Ice prevents assistance being given her. SIMPLIFIED THE. Edison Secures Praoticilly Itntantaneau Photographs with Oathodo Rays. EXPOSURE REDUCED TO SEVEN SICONDS linn III * Arrnnueinetitfl Alinuxt Coin pleteil for I'liotoKrattliliiK the lira In ItaeiitxtMi'x Tlieorlrn Komiil Correct. ORANGE , N. J. , Feb. 14. As a rcsul ot the experiments which Thomas Alva Edison haa been making lor the past t'vo weeks with fluorescent tubes nnd Rcontgi-n rays that Inventor announced tonight _ llu within twenty-four hours he jxpscted to have PO far perfected his tubes as to be able to make snap shot photographs through any pub stance of medium thckne ! 3 , except steel or carbonized Iron. Mr. Edison today EUCC VCI In getting clearly defined strips of v.i'ntis Motnls on a sensitized phtc. The rays hat rcnctraUd a heavy piece ot cardboard and u vulcanized platcholder In geMliii ; to the plate In seven seconds. Mr. Edison also tried t 'iUy to BJtid the X rays over a telephone wire but the trial was unsuccwuul , as Inve Icon all other experiments made by the "Wl/arrt * to reflect or concentrate ths mysterious cthcrlc vibrations. "Roentgen's theories seem to be corrcc In every particular , " said Mr , Edison , "ant thcro Is little doubt If these rays are really In the ether that he has discovered , a new form fcr energy , In the same category wltl light , heat and electricity ; As a matter o fact , nil matter Is tuned to a corttln vibra tion , and any force containing the vibra tlon affects all classes of matter tuned to that particular key. The attempts to nn tlclpato results with these rays have developed oped some absurd and ridiculous suggestions but that Roentgen's discovery oi ns the wnj to wonderful Insights Int } nature's secrets Is true notwithstanding. " The Inventor said tonight he was nearly ready to attempt his experiment for photo graphing a human brain , nnd that after he had done that , IIP would stop hs ! experiments and leave further developments for others Mr. Edison denied that iio had ; nti > rided to try an experiment In the line of tempering metals w.th the rays , at least at present. iMi'iiovisn ox iion.vrac.vs METHOD ' 1'rofexHor Orentl ' I'rlneetoii } Slmittl- lleH the 1'roeeNS. PHILADELPHIA , Feb. II. A novel ex periment with the Roentgen rays has been made by W. F. Magle , professor of physics In Princeton college. The results will be sot forth In a paper which will appear In next Saturday's issue of the Medical News of Pennsylvania. Prof. Maglo's efforts are to glvo to the world a discovery which will vastly widen the usefulness and availability of the process for medical and surgical pur poses. It Is In the Dhapo of an Instrument which ho thus describes : "A sheet of black paper , coated on ono sldo with platinum bar cyanide , Is placed with the coated side In- waid across the end of a tube or box Into which the observer looks , nnd which Is eo fitted to the face or so shielded by cloth that the eyes are protected from all extraneous light. If this tube be pre : > 2ntcd toward the excited Crookes tube , giving the Roentgen raya , the phorphorescent paper In the tube glows and the shadows of objects Interposed between It and the Crookea tube appear upon It. The advantage of this arrangement consists In its avoiding the Inconvenience of working In a dark room and likewise the de lays Involved In the process used by Roent gen. Through thla Instrument the phenom ena of the Roentgen rays can be most con veniently Investigated. Itu obvious applica bility In diagnoses has led to my giving an account of It here. A moro detailed account will be a report of cases In which It has been used. In the March number of the American Journal of the Medical Sciences. " CATHOI1E UAYS IfOCIVI > THE MULLET. ClilciiK'o Snrurcon .MnUen Use of the New IJlHciivcry. CHICAGO , Feb. 14. Louis Burkart , a young Frenchman , Is grateful for the dis covery of cathode rays. In an operation performed at Mercy hoiltal last night the value of the great discovery was demon strated. The young Frenchman came to America two years ago. Burled in the tis- sue3 of his hand was a ball which he had received In a street fight In Paris. The Mercy hospital operation last night was not tlie first time Burkart had subjected himself to Hie surgeons , but each attempt to locate the bullet had been unsuccessful. But the photograph of the hand token yesterday by means of the cathode rays located the leaden ball with wonderful accuracy. With the print as a guldo the surgeon made an In cision In the palm of the hand , and after a few minutes' probing extracted the Ilttlo mis sile from Its two yearn' resting place. This ts the second instance within two days In which the Roentgen discovery has been put to practical service In surgery In this city. A CHEAT MOXU.1IEXT. .V Memorial for tlie Glorification of tlie. Herman Xatlon. There will be unveiled In a few "weeks at Ruhrart , Germany , a magnificent monument , which In many respects Is remarkable In Its departure from conventional Ideas. It Is to bo primarily a memorial for the glorification ot the Gorman nation. While , of course , the heroic figure of the old emperor rises above all a.i the typifying power , that of his right land , the old Iron Chancellor , is none the less prominent. There docs not exist In Germany today , says the Ch'ago ' Times-herald , any monument which will so conspicuously boar out the universal sentiment of the masses that Bismarck has an almost equal share In the glory accorded his Illustrious master. The German people will brook no dictation from any source which denies this right to the man who bound the various Btates Into a powerful united empire. The monument Is an extremely striking con ception , combining with its element of dom- nant strength a rare artistic gracefulness , On very massive substructures or Intermedi ate pedestals rises a mighty sixty-three feet ilgh shaft or obelisk. This Is surmounted > y a splendid Imperial crown , over which lovers with outstretched wings a bronze war eagle of gigantic proportions. Everything about the monument ID on a heroic scale , Immediately below this crown and caglo stand the chief figures of the memorial. Both he figure of Emperor Wllhelm \ . and that of llsmnrck may be truly eald to be colossal , rho artist has put this group on a semi circular elevation rising over tlic- pedestal proper. This serves to throwlho figures In sharp relief against the background of the obelisk , while at the same time It gives a ull view of the group from three sides. The emperor elands In a most dignified hough easy attitude , sljie weight of the body hrown on the right leg ; ho Is bareheaded , molding his gala helmet In his right hand , resting lightly against his thigh. The whole pose Is ono of strength and dignity , The irtlst has represented Wllhelm I. In the at- Itudo which he astnnned when about to ad dress the assembly of German soldiers and statesmen In the Galerle des Glaccs at Ver sailles , January IS , 18V1 , the most memorable lay In late German history. If the figure of the emperor IB strong , that , of Bis marck Is none the less so. In fact , It may bo Mid that for an expression of activity of trength It surpasses that of the former. The ron Chancellor , In gala uniform , with his mgo saber dangling at his side , stands look- ng at his royal master as ono who , with onsclcus though not selflih dignity , awaits rom his lips the seal of approval to his crea- Ion the German empire , Bismarck has Just Intshed reading the famous proclamation ad- tressed to the German people which raised ho king of Prussia to hereditary German mperor. Both the figures are admirably modeled nd the competition as a whole reflects high rcdlt on the sculptor. Prof. Gustav Eberlcln f Berlin. Immediately to the left below the irlnclpal group ot the monument Is a superb emale figure representing history. On the orreupondliij , ' side to the right sits a male Igure representing victory. Both these are eld In the grand scale of sculpture which haracterizcs this notable monument. " COL. JOSEPJU. FOLLETT , Sun of Sheridan's Commanders Saved by Paine's Celery Compound. Colonel Joseph L. Follett of Now York lias a national tcputatton. At the age at 21 Colonel Follctt enlisted In Uattory G. First Missouri Light Artillery , anil neon rose to Its command. At Lookout mountain Ids was tlio only battery that reached the summit. Since tlie war ho has devoted himself to mccliantr.il engineering and has Invented several Important Improvements on the sowIng - Ing machine , and n bicycle that promises to bo one of the surprises of next season. The tension on the nervous system of an Inventor , kept up for months and months , seriously weakened the health of a busy brain worker like Colonel Follett , and his constitution , which even the hardships of war did not weaken , threatened to succumb to nervous exhaustion. What Colonel Follctt has to say In regard to his restoration to health cannot fall to carry great weight. In a letter to Wells & Richardson Co. of Burlington , Vt. , he writes : "When suffering from mental exhaustion and a gene-rally disorganized system , and overwork , 1 used Palne's celery compound. "Tho compound acteJ like a charm on my bowels and kept them In flno condition , nnd ' ' [ experienced great relief from my brain troubles. "I have- not used Palno's celery compound for six months , but I shall when In need of 1I.VIIU C1IH3H THE ISSUE. A llofornilnK Parxuii Settt a Jersey Town by tile Klir * . As a result of an attempt to Introduce reform In the little New Jersey village of Roseland , says the New York Recorder , nev. Edwin Falrlcy , the reformer , has had his usual water supply cut off , and the members of the ( lock are very much exercised over it. A feud has sprung Into existence between that divine , who Is pastor of the Presbyterian church , and John McClennon , a deacon of the Methodist church. During ono of the pastor's recent Sunday morning discourses he dwelt at length on the time-honored custom of these country 'oik of keeping barrels of cider In their cellars , and denounced the evil in unmeas ured terms. Among other things Pastor Falrlcy elated that there were hardly two cellars In the village that did not contain at least ono barrel of rider. This , quite naturally , had the effect of causing much indignation among both the nombers of Pastor Falrley's church ai d hose of the Methodist denomination. Some nembers of the latter church became very angry , claiming that , as It was a well known act In the village that Dr. Alexander Paten - on , the pastor of tne Methodist church , had received , as a donation from one of Ills pastoral charges , two barrels of apple Juice , vhlch was to bo made Into vinegar. Pastor Falrley's assertion was to be regarded as a personal Insult aimed at their minister. The Presbyterian parsonage Is situated on Eagle Rock , avenue , directly oppisi'.o the residence of John McClennon. As there Is no water supply upon the parson's property , he domestic employed by Pastor Falrley lud ieen in the habit of carrying water from a veil on Deacon McClennon's place. Hut Ince the pastor's denunciation of the elder evil It Is said that the amiable deacon has ought some excuse of shutting off the po or's water supply , and one day last week 10 ordered the domestic off liln premises , Pastor Falrlcy came to the girl's lescue , but received the eamo treatment , Hot vonla followed , ami It looked for a time as f a physical conflict was Imminent. JJut , ortunatcly , this did not occur , but an eye vitness states that Ilrother McClennon ad- vlECil the paroan to cither dig a well en his wn property or to have a supply of elder ut Into hla cellar. At any rate , Pastor Fulr- ey Is looking for a contractor to dlgi a well on the parsonage property , and Ma domes- Ic Is carrying water from a well belonging o a member of his own /lock / , nearly a quar- or of a mile away. Since the well o pi soil o the- country people ti the vicinity have been discussing nothing Isc. Sides have been taken , and the con- ensus of opinion seems to be that Pastor ' 'alrley. In breaking down the time-honored custom of drinking elder , should be made o pay well for his Indiscreet utterances. ( lernitui. AVnr TmiHiirr. An enterprising Journalist has been per- nlttcd to view the famous "war treasure" vhlch lies stored In the Isolated Julius ovcr of Hie Fortress of Spandau , ready ferny ny sudden emergency. Tlie total amount s 120,000,000 marks or about 0,000,000 sum which would not go very ar toward defraying the cost of making r repelling mi Invasion , Cold pieces of he vnluo of " 0 or 10 marks arc alone used or this purpose. There are 7,000,000 of htm contained In bags that hold 10,000 larks apiece , and these are stored by tens n 1,200 wooden boxes , The screws that IOEO the boxes having been driven well icnie , ecals are put upon their heads. hus the contents ore never vlslblo to mor al eye , but the cases undergo periodical elghlng to ascertain that the hoard has not iccri tampered with. _ Chair of lllhlleiil Literature. CLEVELAND , Feb. 14. A bequest of $50- 00 has been made 'to the college for women f the Western Reserve university by Mrs. , V. Harknoss of New York , ono of the hejrs f the llarluiess estate of this city. The gift a given toward tlm establishment of a chair f biblical literature In the Institution and ho entire amount will be at the disposal of lie college within the present year. Uleei-H Chnrwed wllh CHICAGO , Feb. 14 , An application for o ecelver for the Consolidated Bottling com- > any of Chicago was Hied In the superior ourt today. The bill , which wait Illi'd by Cornelius Uyoit and L. H. Buss , stockhold- r , churKCs mismanagement on the part of 'resident Lomax , Answem on the part of .omax and the company were also Jllcd. The nfsetu Of the company are estimated at 150,000. a tonic and geiifr.il regulator of the system. I have recommended it to a great many and every one who tried It got relief. "It Is the bqst general remedy I ever used or knew anything about. " When the nervous system has become * weakened Item any cause Palne's celery ; compound builds It up as nothing clso can. It makes people well. People In every walk of life have reason to * bo grateful to Prof. Phelps of Dartmouth , the eminent scientist who discovered Palno's celery compound. He understood the peculiar ; needs of the nervous system ; ho knew that the backache , headache , sleeplessness , loss * of appetite and disordered blood nil mean that the nerves are weakened and Inadequate * to the demands upon them. Tha experience ! of thousands has proven all over this broad , country that only Palne's celery compound , will give health to the nerves , and through them to the entire bo.ly. Colleges conferred upon Dr. Phelps their highest honors for his Invaluable Investiga tions In medicine , hut all this seems In- slgnlllcant In comparison with tlie chorus oC gratitude thnt has gene up all over tha world from men , women and children who- have outgrown weakness and the lack oC health by the use of Palno's celery com pound , the most wonderful nerve and blood- restorative. FIRST INDICTMENT FAULTY Kentucky Grand Jury Instructed to Make- it Conform to tha Evidenoo , FOUND NO TRACE OF PEARLBRYAN'S HEAD = Cannl Draliieil anil the Iloitoiu > Senrelieil Without IlcMiilt Some Additional Evidence. Secured AialiiHt the Accuxed Men. CINCINNATI , Feb. 14. The authorities- hero have a letter from Greoncastle , Ind. , In which the parents of Pearl Bryan Identi fied the hat sent to them as that of Pearl' and gave other Information that has led to' all the ofilccrs being employed today In , searching lor the head. The canal was drained during the night and different sections of workmen have ex amined Its muddy basin , but nothing haa been found up to noon , although the whole course of the canal was examined. Tho' officers think now that the hat found near the body was that of Pearl , that she was- knocked senseless and that the head was probably badly beaten up before It was cut off. Everything Is belns done to get all the cvldeiice available on this sldo of tha river so as to turn Jackcon and Wolllns oven to the Kentucky authorities tomorrow. A special from Frankfort , Ky. , to th& Times-Star says Governor Bradley has been , examining the case today and requested. Sheriff Plummer to return to Newport , Ky.r for additional papers and evidence and that he would then Issue the requisition tomor row. Sheriff Plummer left Frankfort at noon and will return tomorrow , but It Is not expected that Jackson and Walling will now be transferred until next week , as their lawyers will go to Governor Busline ! ! to contest the rcmilsltlcn. Some beads belonging to Pearl Bryan's hat were found today near Fort Thomas , where the body wr.s discovered , two weeks ago. The detectives think this Is a further Indi cation of a Ktruggle and some violence. When found the hat was some distance from the body , ami was weighed down by a boulder tied In a handkerchief , which has been identi fied as belonging to Jackson , Up to tonight nothing waa found by tha largo force of workmen engaged In sections along the can0. ! , which was emptied last night , The ocers feel that the head la no longer needed for evidence , but thdy con tinue the bcarcli for the head , so as to satisfy the frlcinh of the victim , who are anxious to glvo the girl's whole body a decent burial , Over $1,000 reward Is now standing for the head. The fact that while Jackson and Wal ling have freely told where they put the girl's clothing , but still refuse to glvo In formation about the head Intensifies the feel ing against them. The requisition was not Issued by Gov ernor Bradley today , as the Indictment was eo hastily drawn that It charged Jackson with decapitating her while the wau hold by Walling. No proof of this kind has been found and Judge Helm Instructed the Jury , today to bring In another Indictment In ac cordance with the evidence produced at the corcncr'a Inquest. On this new Indictment Governor Bradley will , tomorrow , Issue his requisition , Great care Is being taken In tha preparation of these papers , because It In well known that the attorneys of Jackson and Walling will go before Governor Bush- nell to contest thn requisition to the last. William Wood , the third mjspcct being held In Jail hero , made an elaborate statement today , In wMch ho said there was a third man Involved In the murder and that It would soon be developed. It Is thought ho referred to the driver of the hack that took : the three people- from Cincinnati across the bridge to Newport , but no particulars coulj bo learned from him. LOUISVILLE , Feb. 14. Sheriff Plurnrnor of Newport. Ky , , tonight secured from Gov ernor Bradley requisition papers for Scott Jackson and Alonzo Walllnt ; , the accused murderers of Pearl Bryan , and started for Columbus to present them to the governor of Ohio. a Troulilex In ( he IliiNlneii * AVorlil , NEW YORK , Feb. 14. Wood & Roblni-on , lumber dealers , today assigned to Andrew M. Underbill with preferences for $9,403 , A - seti and liabilities about $40,000 each.
