Nebraska Newspapers

    THE OMAHA. DAILY .BEE * SATURDAY , 1TJBD11UAUY 15 , 1806. IT
THE' ' FIELD OF ELECTRICITY
*
' i
Invasion of the Domain of Steam in
Suburban Roads.
f
DEMAND FOR ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES
nl Iliinif * nnil Alironil
Cur 'fiilljVVntiliril nirrtrlr Mftht-
In IMInlinrttli Other
rlopiiiL-nlH. .
The Norwalk , Conn. , city council recently
granted the Norwalk Tramway company per
mission to extend Ita trolley line to West-
port , a distance of about three miles. When
that line U completed there will bo only
a gap of about four miles between the Nor
walk Tramway company's system and the
system of the Bridgeport Traction company ,
now reaching to Southport , and with that
gip eliminated the New Haven Steam com
pany's main system will be paralleled by
trolley road * for a dlaance ! of about twelve
miles bntween .Bridgeport and Norwalk and
South Norwalk. This Is an Important part
of the New Haven company's line fpr local
travel. Figures preocnted. by the latter cer-
poratlon to the state legislature at the last
session showed , for example , that between
Bridgeport and Southport during six months
the local paspenger traffic has Increased
by 5,131 passengers , or about 25 per cent ,
ao compared with the year 1894 , when no
electric co'mpctlpn existed. Between Bridge
port and Palrflcldr-somewhat nearer Bridge
port than Southport the traffic during throe
test months of the amo porlod fell off on
the Now Haven road CO per cent , owing to
the opening of the trolley line. The only
chanca probably of blocking the new lines
Is an appeal by the steam company to the
superior court , which , under the general
Btrcot railway law of the state , can rule
that a parallel line Is not demanded by pub-
llo necessity or convenience.
An examination of the whole trolley sys
tem of Connecticut shows that the steam
rallroadt of the state are now paralleled by
trolleys for a distance of about 101 miles ,
and that about one-thlrd of all the trolley
roads parallel steam roads moro or le.'s di
rectly. The New Haven'Steam road Is par-
ollelel about sixty miles ; the Now England
road ( controlled by the New Haven corpora
tion ) abaut twenty-eight miles , and the
Philadelphia. Reading & New England about
thirteen miles. Trolley * roads almost certain
soon to bo built or actually in construc
tion now will add about thirty-four miles ,
of which sixteen mile * will parallel the Now
Haven road , six miles the New England
and twelve miles the Now London North
ern. On the basis pf last year's official fig
ures of the results of competition on pa -
songer traffic , the Indications arc , however ,
that the total loss of the steam companies
by electric rivalry does not now exccecl
$100.000 a year , as compared with the period
before any trolleys had been built. In such
a comparison It must bo remembered that
a largo proportion of the trolley parallels
represent merely the substitution of elec
tricity for horse power on old , street rallroaUs
paralleling steam lines.
ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES.
Further evidence of the steady Invasion of
traction by electric
the domain of steam power
tric motors Is further shown by the demand
for the latter. A representative of the
Baldwin and'WcstlnBhouso companies , speak
ing of the demand to a correspondent of the
Globe-Democrat , said :
"Tho Westlnghouso and Baldwin companies
have become convinced that the demand for
electric locomotives will grow rapidly In the
near future. The steam locomotive which
the Baldwin company has been making for
Mlxty years Is not IP Le laid pn the shelf
right away , but that company has come to
believe , I think , that It will gradually , but
surely , bo displaced by Its electric imcccMor ,
and has grasped the opportunity to take ad
vantage of the coming change by joining
forces with ono of the two great electric
IfHH , motor companies which control the supply
of ouch motors In the United States. The
alliance Is an exhibition of the foresight of
both compinlej with respect to coming
changes of very great Importance , as well
as an attempt to avPld the waste of energy
by a division of labor and unnecessary dupli
cation , for It would scarcely be practicable
for the B-ildwIn company to set up and use
an effective motor plant of Its own. Exist
ing patents would stand in the way.
"Tho allied companies propose to perfect
and offer to the steam railroads electric
locomotives which they will buy and use.
The resources of both concerns , the eloc-
trlo Inventions , devices and experts of the
the expert locomotive and
one ; the methods ,
running gear machinist of the other , are
being taxed In the effort to produce a mo
tor which the steam companies ran use to
advantaso for any kind of service , but es
pecially for the rapid and safe transportation
of passenger trains running more frequently
than fleam trains nt the presant time.
"Tho demand first to be satisfied Is for
electric Ipcpmotlvcs to draw passenger trains
on the suburban roads of the trunk lines.
Thfdemand already exlst-lii fact , all the
custom steam companies have P1" " ' ' "
ordcis. This has been caused by the compe-
of the suburban trolley reads which
are extensipns of railways In city struts
I had a successful
Only a few months ago
bu-fness Interview with two of the great
romnanlcs having terminals In Chicago , and
hlUetP doing a largo and.Profitable bus -
ness to tile suburbs on their . main llnoj.
The Burlington company's suburban bus ness
threatened by a
Is
In and out of Chicago
new" CPrporatlpn. which has undertaken to
View trolley roads from the city ton
extend
' lines , and
doTen tovsns on that company's
this n paying business will bo fought for to
Ul °
WEUS OF THE MAGNET.
'iTosla Is working on an Ideajn the shape
know our company has
and you
motor ,
of a "
the n"t call upon anything that comes from
his fertile brain , that I believe will about
locomotive win the
success ullv equip a
Sow or ilo"lrc.l. . This motor U entirely or g-
nal and 'tiuly ma.velous. The. . secret lies
1 turning the Inert and seemingly lifeless
force of inapnetUMn Into an active force
moro powortul than steam or a current from
" " ° take mi ordinary magnet or a piece
Ibrougu which a magnetic current U
nf Iron
Mulmr and hold It clo o to little pieces
' It will attract them and
f iron' and steel ,
liold them mptlonlws. This Is practically all
that bo world has ever known of magne Ic
force Now It seems to Toala that this In-
' tbo confine * of
wltliln
vUlbl'e force , pent up
theTagneVmlKlH perhaps , b | * .voloped . or
In sucn
utilized
transmitted , or changed , or
I iunnor that U would bccomo active and
quick vyliero It has always lain passive. . Upon
this theory he worked for years , and Its twe-
* ccHHful development In Jho Tc la motor 1
* only n question of small details.
i "Tho ptlnclp'.es of the motor , concisely put.
are thi'so : An electric current Is passed
thrctiKli i * circular magnet , In appearance
resembling a llfo preserver. It conplstc
BluiPly of a ring of Iron with copper wlro
bound around It. The elactrlc current gen-
crates a strong magnetic current which
flashes around and around the rlrcular magr
net at a terrlllo pfcd. Now , If ono holds a
nail clew to an ordinary electric maguot It
will bo rasslyn In the hand until It Is
brought cloe enough for the magnetic foj.c--
to Rflza It , when It will fly out of the hand
Btralsht to , tbo mnsnct. But If ono holJs. n
nail rloso to the circular mignet nf Tenls'i1
It will bgln to revolve In the hand ; that" U
If the nail Is held by the head and the point
' allowed to hang over the hollo' * center of
the magnet , the point will move nroiind In a
clrcU' , ulowly at first , then faslt-r anil fiutrr ,
v until , 1C It IE > droppud upon tha table In the
center of the ) iollo\v , It will spin aiound so
ivpldly that tlin eye caunot follow Us wo-
lion * .
i , "Bovnral explanations rc given of the
phenomenon , one tl.at there are several magI -
I node currents In I lie Iron rlnr , and they
re cliaclnfr one * another around In a tuilotif-
, ; ac , but the mystery U at profound ay
vvsr.
"AnotM-r Interfiling expurlmmt U the
balancing cl an Iron vyhccl or. a nail , or
let tlio wlicql revolve upon Hie flngor , utlng
the linger is tbo axle , and holding It clew
to | b9 inftgnet , U will lly nround at rate
tfezt will take one's brta.th n-.vay. H U uot
QCCMtuy to touch tl'O magnet .U all. All
0119 neqO * to ito U to hold a piece of iron or
steel In the hand ind bring It wltliln a fo.-t
of jUe jpmgupti untl then lie will fel a queer
, euvatlou , M of autno luvffil'lo Icrc trying
to draw the pleca of , metal out of his hind ,
and , falling In this , trying to twist It
around In a circle.
"Such Is the principle of the coming Tet.1 *
motor. In Its application as a motive pivre-
on the railroad , the construction , of course ,
differs frpm that of the experimental mag
net , but the Idea l the same ,
A TEST OF THE NEW FORCE.
"In equipping tha new locometlvcs Ihe
circular magnet Is attached to the bottom
ef the engine , and the axle upon which the
wheels revolve passes through the center
of the magnet without touching It. Wnen
the current Is turned on , the mai < neUc foico
whirling around In the h liow of the mis-
net catches the axle and turns It. The
power for generating this magnetic current
can bo Uansmlttcd by underground wires
for almost any distance , and there Is prac
tically no waste of pawor 6r energy.
"Wo tcted two of our motora recently
on the Nantasket Beach railroad , and while
Iho experiments were successful , they ( lid
not completely satisfy us In nil the working
details. It's the little things In electricity ,
an In life , that cause trouble.
"A two-motor car was first tested with a
load of nine cars , with a combined weight
of C02 tons. As this load was too heavy ,
the cars were dropped off , one at a time ,
until only flvo remained , which were drawn
fairly well. Then the four-motor engine was
ballasted with 5,000 pounds of Iron and at
tached to seven loaded cars , weighing 243
tens. It drew the load easily , and there
seemed to bo no great effort when the load
was Increased to nine Cars and 303 tons. The
two motor engines wcro then coupled tc-
gether and attached to various loads up to
thirty cars , weighing 934 tons. whlch > were
successfully hauled. While making this test
wmethlnK gave out on the four-motor en
gine , and the less powerful engine handled
the entire load , giving us another electric
mystery to tolvo.
"Our company Is also keeping a strict
watch on the Hellman electric locomotive ,
now In operation over In France , on n trunk
line loading out of Paris. It Is said to bo
a great succcs ? , and Its admirers predict
that It will supplant all competitors. Willie
our locomotives are supplied with plectrlclty
from overhead or underground , the Hellman
electric locomotive carries a triple expan
sion steam engine , -which generates the elec
tricity required * Steam power produced in
the ordinary way drives a dynamo carried
on the tender. The motors are placed on
the trucks. This arrangement Is said to
glvo a saving of 20 per cent In fuel over
thoelmplo steam locomotive. At first slgnt
such a result feems Incredible , and no ono
was more surprised at the claims set forth
than your humble servant.
"It might be conceded that a locomotive
generating Its own "electricity by the nso
of Ptcam would bo moro economical than
our electric locomotive , since It dispenses
with costly overhead copper wire conduc
tors and Is exempt from the waste of cur
rent Incident , to the use of long wires , butte
to suggest that It Is moro economical In
fuel than the ordinary steam locomotive
sounds Itko a Joke.
"The explanation Is that Hellman ge'.B more
ppwor out of a given weight of coal by using
a triple-expansion engine. Ordinary locomo
tives are extremely wasteful of steam. By
using the same steam thrice Instead of
once enough power is saved. It Is claimed , to
make up for what Is lost In convert ng or
dinary power Into electricity. If this be
practicable , the Hellman locomotive has for
most purposes decided advantages over other
electric locomotlycs , since It can i ; used on
prdlnary tracks wltliput special prepirat en.
Trolley wires and poles are dispensed witn ,
* 'UiMs suggested , however , by the Hellman
Inver.tlen that , .If It bo a practical thing , a
further development of the steam locomotive
Is possible , which would give it a new lease
of life and make , electric constructors hump
themselves to keep up with the procession.
For use In long 'tunnels ' , however , our loco
motive remains the bast , since It produces no
smoke , as the Hellman engine does.
ELECTRIC LIGHTING IN EDINBURGH.
Prof A. B. W. Kennedy , electrical ad
viser to the Edinburgh Town Council , has
recently had occasion to make an exceedingly
pleasant report with regard to the progress
of the electric lighting station in that city ,
says the Electric World. Ho advised the
town council to lay down a plant to supply
40000 eight candle-power lamps connected ,
and led them"to expect that this figure would
bo reached within two or three years , and
that the works' costs ( Including all offlcu ex
penses ) would , when the output reached
300,000 unlt > per annum , be about 3 pence
per unit sold. Prof. iKennedy new finds that
after only sevbn and a half months' working
the lamp connection has reached an equiv
alent of 45,000 eight candle-power lamps , and
that the works' , costs ( although the output In
the thlrty-four-weeks has only been 285,000 ,
and the greater part of this thirty-four
weeks has been summer time ) , averaged 1,60
ponce per unit sold. iWHh this data to go
on , he now. prophesies that by April next ,
which will 'bo ' the end.of the first year of
operation of this station , 800,000 units will
have been sold , and that the average for
works' costs will be about 1V4 pence. The
total Income earned will then be 16,000 , and
the town council will possess a balance of
between f2,000iand 3,000 , after paying every
thing , Including Interest and sinking fund.
It In needless to say that one outcome
of this favorable result will be the imme
diate extension , of the plant.
Prof. Kennedy also suggests that the
voltage between the outer and middle wire
pf the three-wire system should be raised
at an early date to 200 or 250 volts. With
regard to the consumers' lamps , he sug
gests that the town council should Issue a
notice tp the effect that on and after May ,
18DC , the standard voltage will be 220 in
respect to consumers connected after that
date , and that on and after August , 1897 ,
the now voltage will bo standard for the
whole system , and finally that at any time
between these dates , the town council will
bo ready IP supply any existing custpmer
with new 220-volt lamps at Cd each ; the
old lamps becoming the property of the coun
cil. The effect of this last clause , Prof.
Kennedy thinks , will be that each customer
'
will run his existing set'of lamps as long
as possible and tlfen buy a new set cheaply
from the town council , He estimates that
the loss will be about 8d per lamp , and as
the present lamp connection Is equivalent
to about 40,000 8-cp lamps , and means prob
ably about 20,000 actual lamps , the cost of
tha total operation will bo under 700 , and
the carrying capacity means ( for the same
percentage drop ) will have been quadrupled ;
an operation which would have cost about
CO,000 had It not been necessary to quad
ruple the capacity by laying extra copper.
ELECTRIC RAILWAYS IN ENGLAND.
The slow progress of electric traction In
Great Britain Is a matter not easily com
prehended In the United States. A recent
KngllpU writer states that tha lotal mile
age of electric roads In that country does
not much exceed fcrty ; and that , while
U was expected that the opening of the
City & South' London and the Liverpool
elevated railways would have a powerful
Influence In favor of electricity , It IB
doubtful It twelve miles of electric road
have been opened In the three years these
lines have been working. This seems to
tuvo been chiefly due to the widespread
opposition ten overhead wires. As Eng
lish streets are not remarkable for beauty ,
the objection to the wires can hardly been
on esthetic grounds , but It probably results
from a vague fear that the safety of the
public might bo endangered a fear much
Increased by the garbled reports of accidents
In America. Accumulators' , steam and pe
troleum , have been tiled on certain tram
ways with no very encouraging results.
A change of sentiment' now appears to be
In progress , AS several new electric llns
are nearly completed , and the opening of
HIP I nun line at Bristol a few wreks ago
may bo taken oa the beginning pf electric
traction la EngUnd. The side trolley , orlg.
Inatcd on the South BtuffonUhlie line and
alto u cd at Urlstol , Is raid to have mel
with very favorable reception , as It makes
cross wires unnccrimry ,
IMPROVKP nLECTW' ; OAKDU : IIOUICK.
A Jic-v elmjlrfc csiirtlo lioUer hat ) bron
Jsiltu' : ) willed It * likely to popuUrlro n
alylo of clerrlc | lighting tint has n'waye
been attractive fur .drawing roorr , s-ilon
and gr.llery Illumination , the Imitation of a
caudle fl-imq In cloujej or tinted glaks. Tills
method of lighting hqi hitherto been xome-
vhat ni-KK'otfil , ty reason at the dlfilcultlek
oxpoilencoil In * d ; < p\ng \ | candles nt varying
lengths. The uuu ; titling U arrjnxcvl to holJ
candle- tubes of. , ayy Ipugth within a range
of from , about llirw kill three-fourths to lx
anI one-half Uiches. . ! ! ; rtalk being tdo-
acopic , and tilted will ) all tl.u needful aO-
juitlng device * . .
Ono Minute Cough Cure louci'cs tl.b right
ipot. It also louche * U at the right tlrju If i
you take It then you have n cougn cr cold. I
Sea th point ; TUoo don't cougli. 3
IN THE GHETTO OF CHICAGO
Section Thronged wi h Russian and Polish
Jews ,
THEIR FANATICISM AND THEIR SUFFERINGS
firont Ilnrilnlilim niul Much 1'nvcrtr
Kmlitrrd t'ncoiiiiilnlnliiKlr Ccrc-
iii n u I n I Olixrriiincf * of the
Jcirlnh .Siililinth , , .
The Chicago Jewish Training school Is
situated In the midst of a peculiar people ,
says the Chicago Tribune. A people pos
sessed of a fanaticism so high , so fine , DO
self abnegating that It enables them to en
dure exile , poverty , and every deprivation
.without a murmur.
To tbo casual observer that locality bounded
on the north by De Koven street , on the
south by Fourteenth , on the west by Johnson
street , and on the cast by Canal , Is simply a
place Inhabited by poor Russian and Polish
Jews , so crowded and packed together that
many thousands of them llvp Ithln' tnta
limited area. Passing up1nml'ilown the vary
dirty streets In this vicinity one sees at every
step men , cither seated or moving , vending
all sorts of cheap things , and whole families
boiling over , as It were , from the pota of
the thronging tenement houses unto the side
walk from which they open. They arc not
buoyant , hearty , romping children , and well-
fed , contented mothers that one find9 biding
on the sidewalk , for many hours of the day ,
when the westher Is mild. In every part of
this Olictto , but elfin children and acnemlc
mothers , for they are a delicate , although a
prolific , pcrslstont race. Indeed , how , could
they bo otherwise than dellcatq , since they
are slowly starving , not only 'for want of
proper food , but for everything In life , for
all they have Is hope , which , with them , Ir
surely a thing deferred , but nourished by
the religion for which they suffer. How It Is
that they are a persistent people Is a problem
which would ecem to have no logical solu
tion. Perhaps It Is a matter of Inheritance :
and from the old patriarchs from whom they
are descended , they have tha peculiar , endur
ing vitality which has enabled the people of
their faith , through many centuries , to endure
the untoward conditions which have annihi
lated races not so endowed.
Whatever the cause , certain H Is that here
they are living , constantly companioned by
poverty and sickness , and yet living and also
multiplying , and through all holding firmly
not only to the spirit , but to the letter of the
Jewish religion as It was taught and prac
ticed In the time of Abraham and Jacob.
Strange as It may seem , In this Ohotto there
are moro than 10,000 people -who have been
for yeirs , and still are , suffering martyrdom
for their religious faith. Prosperity wae
tholra In their native lands if only they
would renounce Judaism and accept the
teaching of another faith , but with one ac
cord they turned them from material pros
perity , with all Its allurements , and accepted
exile and the thrall of the Grimmest port of
want for conscience sake.
Although they find religious liberty here ,
theoo Jews of the old regime find little else
for which they havn reason to be thankful.
Of handicraft they know absolutely nothing ,
although with very few exceptions they are
well , oven highly , educated. Many of them
are fine accountants , and are quite familiar
with the technicalities of business , and many
of them could command a fair salary If they
would work on our Saturday , their Sabbath.
This they will not do. They will sacrifice
themselves , their families , their future , but
their religion never. This being true , there
Is not much they can do but peddle. Thus
It happens that the spectacle is seen of a
man of fine acquirements , often the possessor
of exhaustive , abstruse knowledge , going
about every day In the week , save Saturday ,
with a pack on his back. In this settlement
of venders who can.read and speak in many
tongues , and arc so familiar with the Talmud
that they can glvo whole pages of It without
the addition or omission oJ a' word , tbo man
who has a horse and wagon , however poor ,
Is an exception , and Is regarded as opulent.
FRIDAY MIGHT CEREMONIES.
It Is when the sun goes down on Friday
night that a strange and dignifying trans
formation , both.within and without , but es
pecially within , takes place throughout the
length and breadth of'this peculiar settle
ment. Without the shutters are drawn , and
every sign of occupation Is banished. Be
fore the setting of the sun every peddler has
returned ; every sidewalk vendor withdrawn
his wares ; every child Is gone , and the
streets , DO overthronged every other tlmo In
the week , are deojrted and still. Just after
sunset the sixth day In the week one may
walk blocks In this section without being able
to purchase anything , not oven food.
Within the poor houses of these poor
people , and here three rooms are n luxury ,
which Is by no means common , whatever
the size of the family , the change Is greater
than without. If there Is but one room ,
though It be dull and grimy and lighted
by a single- window opening on to a court.
It Is made as attractive as cleanliness and
such little trifles as are kept stored for
this ono night of the week can make It.
A whlto cloth , often only a coarse bit of
cotton , costing but a few' cents , but Im
maculately clean , Is spread upon the table
and a light set upon it. The * children are
made as tidy as circumstances will per
mit , and all evidence of poverty Is , as far
as possible , banished. The best meal of the
week , however poor It may be , has been
prepared , and although the miserable home
may have been without the cheer of warmth
for the whole week , Is made comfortable
by a freshly trimmed fire lighted before
the going down of the sun ushers In the
Jewish Sabbath , for after that no Jew here
may light a fire until It ROW down again.
Thus a house where squalid poverty very
often reigns the rest of the week , on Fri
day night Is made to assume an air cf
comparative comfort.
Leaving the children , excepting such boys
as are over 13 years of ago , gathered about
the whlto covered table , on which have
been placed the Talmud and such other
books as the family possesses , the father
and mother and grandparents , If ( hero are
any , proceed to the temple , for they know
their place of worship , as have their fore
fathers through all the centuries , as the
"temple. " When the polemn service of
the Mosaic dispensation | s finished , and
they return to the abiding place they call
licme , as they enter the door thecutldnm
all rlso and stand with bowed , heads , while
the eld011 man of the household/ patri
arch , the father usually. If , there Is no
grandfather , stretches forth bis hands and
pronounces the blessing with which Jacob
blessed his grandchildren when on his death
bed : "God bless > ou like Ephralih * and
Manaueh. " Then the mother or grand
mother pronounces the blessing : "God bless
you like Rebecca , Rachel and Leah. "
Despite pinching poverty and Its endless
attending train of evils , , wlilcli Include all
that externally bemeans and Ijellttler , there
la about these people , in tkJr wretched
houses , the night that tbo Jewish Sabbath Is
ushered In , an Innate distinction and dignity
which reminds ono of Emcrgou's assertion
that a sanctified soul U always elegant. The
solicitous , anxious Insistence of the street
vendor falls away .from the fattier of the
family , and. he becomes the patriarch , teach
ing his family the fine poetlp truths voiced
by the prophets pf old. And the mother ,
also just returned from the temple , Is at
tblz time raised above lief mean surround
ing * t > y a certain spiritual exaltation which
U not of the ephemeral , emotional sort , but
which liuplres her to bear without complaint
her hard lot , and yet honor the law by greet
ing cadi Sabbath wth | a clean house In as
near holiday attire as gboUable to command.
In some of these poor houses the strenuous
effort to honor the cacred day Is , Indeed ,
touching.
When the evening meal Is pvt-r the children
gather about their parents end the father
reUs to them , first of all , from the Talmud ,
and It Is upon euch literature as the * follow *
Ing that the children here , wlio are , Indeed ,
a mgbty ! company tlio average Is ten In a
family who have little to eat and less to
near , are ir.urlelied :
The olive then its oil will yield ,
When In the olive prcut :
Bo from his Hltm Is Israel healed
Through suffering and distress.
Uod extends Ills imnd-of mercy' ' ,
iom beneath the angeU * wings ,
To receive , unseen by justice ,
Whomsae'er repentance brings.
O let respect be dally shown
To lilai that's old and , fptble' grown ,
Whose store of learning , nobly won ,
Now haplessly from him hns gone !
The sacred table ? , hewn of Ktone ,
Within tho-ntk lay not alone ,
Kor * lde by Hide with them we flm
The broken tablets lay enshrined.
Hod mnkffs thoio high who humbly go
The self-exalted God brings low.
It Is the custom for all the children of a
ho'iichold to be at home , whether they live
at homo or not , on Friday evening , and 1
Is an unwritten law among this people , whoso
Jive's are In so many respects llko a strong
strange current from remote antiquity , tha
all differences , whether between parents ant
children , or brothers and sisters , snail bo con
sdcred ! as If they never had been , when the
blessing of Jacob his been pronounced. This
undoubtedly accounts , In part at least , for
the strong and layil regard which Invariably
exists between the different members of fam
ilies among this1' people , and the unvarying
considerate affection and respect with which
children regard "theirparents. .
It Is alsD a rule : fP6m which there peems to
bo no deviation0 aMBng these strenuous re-
llgtonlstEt , that WliiU'ever ' betide , the parents
Instruct their cnlMrcn moil carefully In
the tenets of thcW rbllglpn. At ono time , at
the social settlement hcuse In this vicinity ,
classes were formcti' ' by some young ladles
gogues , for the purposa of teaching the
children hero In , regard to religious nutters.
To the astonishment1 of tbesw refined , highly
edcuatcd philanthropic young women they
discovered that . . these poor , undernourished -
nourished , raggdjl children knew more aboul
the old testsmeru scriptures than they , and
wcro constantly propounding questions which
they were qultcnunable to answer.
Parents are supposed | to be responsible
for their children .Until they are 13 years of
age , and It Is then expected that they have
been so Instructed that they can answer
for themselves Th& boys at this ago arc
given a "tephllllm/ " which Is a small leath
ern case containing four verses from the
Pentateuch , which Is bound on the head.
In accordance with the scriptural command ,
while the wearer , with his face turned to
the cast , oiys his morning prayer. The
girls are not so provided , neither are they ,
or the women , permitted to occupy the same
part of the temple as the men , but have a
place provided apart as In olden times.
This separation of the sexes'is also carefully
observed in the home. It matters not how
small the room , how poor the occupants ,
same sort of a division Is managed , and
the boys are separate from the girls of a
family when they sleep.
TRAITS OF THE PEOPLE.
In studying the lives of this unique people
plo In our midst , and yet no moro of us
than are the people of the South Sea Islands ,
ono finds'some peculiar phases of human
character and extraordinary facts In regard
to how people are able to live. For In
stance , ono day a teacher , who has among
her pupils two little girls , the children of a
Russian Jew , observed they did net gp home
at noon. She Inquired the reason , and after
some hesitation was told that they did not
have any lunch for that day nor any fire.
She investigated the matter and found that
the father was an Invalid and was In the
country , where he was barely able to earn
his board , and that the family of three
the mother and two children were and
had been for a long time living on 12 cents
a day , which the mother earned by finishIng -
Ing clippers. When the work was not forth
coming , as sometimes happened , even this
small sum could not be expended , and then
there was no lunch or fire. Yet this woman
would not accept charity , declaring firmly
that she was not a pauper. When later
the eldest of the girls stated that she must
leave the training school for two
or three weeks until she could
earn enough money for a jacket
and was offered one that she might not leave
the school and so lose her place In her classes
her mother refused to let her accept the gar
ment , saying she would rather the should
lost her place in the school than take the
first step In dependence , for the first step
taken the second would bo easy. This sort
of moral fiber is quite consistent with the
persistent tenacity 'n the matter of religious
faith which brought these people exiles to
our shores and 'keeps them steadfast In
holding their Sabljath sacred , and while It
cannot be gald to be general It is quite com
mon among them , .
Although ! the faith of their fathers Is
carefully and consistently instilled In the
minds of , their children , and. for the most
part , successfully , hi * thesa most prthodox of
Jews , still the 'children11 do'not escape the
trend of tlio UmWfnj6r"f411 W 'ese that they
must in part ' lelil to the customs of the
country In whtcli tfiey live. At the training
school they arc iKstracted In practical handi
craft , which maK'esJthem capable of breadwinning -
winning In any bne fof several different lines.
When they havecdmpleted the course there
they realize that1 there Is open to them In
dependence , comfort , respectability on the
one hand and poverty , dependence , depriva
tion , and keeping thb Jewish Sabbath on the'
other. They make'their ' choice , and n large
Dumber of therri * tr're now supporting their
families , for they are faithful to their faith
In all but1 the Sabbath observance , and es
pecially are they'loydl to that part of It which
commands flllal"rdeotlon. The young men
and women who"arfe taking this stand In
dicate the changd .which , when the present
genertton shall have passed away , will take
place In this Ghetto. ? In the meantime It Is a
strange anomaly that these people who like
Paul , the chlelest of the apostles , are
Pharisees , and , In a way , believe In a future
life , still , when questioned , will affirm that
an after life is something of which they
cannot know , but ifor which they hope. It
Is this hope that leads them on that they
may cherish It ivvlth as much certainty
as possible they forego everything which
would enrich the present.
You can't makp a new frm with Salvation
Oil , but you can cure the : brulso with It. 25c.
INDIVIDUAL POINTS OK VIEW.
IIMV I'lTNidinl Intcri-Ntx Color Kxi > re -
HloiiM of Opinion.
A man absorbed In his own trade or pro
fession often views all other subjects through
a medium colored by It , Bays Youth's Com
panion. A shrewd young New Yorker was In
North Carolina when Fort Sumter was flred
upon. His father excitedly telegraphed to
him , "Civil war has begun. "
"Then , " calmly said the youth , "turpentine
will go up , " He spent all of his money In
the purchase of turpentine , sent whit he
bought north , kept It for two- years , and laid
the foundation of a successful business cirojr ,
Beau Brummell Is said to have met the
duke of Wellington just after that hero re
turned victorious from Spain , the Idol of the
English people , Brummell regarded him
coolly and remarked , "There Is something
lacking In a man. who can wear a coat llko
that. " #
An enthusiastic horticulturist , when ho
heard of the massacre of the Engl'sh mis
sionaries In China , wrote In his farm journal :
"While we deplore bloodshed , It must be con
fessed that the English and American mis
sionaries are a selfleh lot , lacking In patriot
ism. They never have sent a seed of the
famous melons of Asia back to their own
country. "
A canny publisher In New York when the
abor strikes pf two years ago began raid :
"Hard times and trouble of all kinds are
upon us. The public will want books to
make them laugh. " Ho acted upon the Idea ,
and his books of gay romance and fun had a
ready sale In spite of the scarcity of money ,
Perhaps no subject U tinged in our mind *
so strongly with our own personal ( idiosyn-
craclen as that of a future life. "Do I be-
leve In Immortality ? " aald the great German
JhyBlclan Knope. "Do you think I kliall not
be here because a valve In my heart will not
open ? "
A faithful negro nurse traveling In Italy
with her mUtresa' ' objected to tlp ( robes of
the angels In a tamous picture by Corregglo.
which time had lyeljpwed. "De saints , " she
said , "Is de last fblklo put bad laundry work
out ob dere han < UIn ; which she stumbled
on a great truth. ' though in homely gulre.
A great ccmeijjuH'wlioso } ! character has en
deared him to many. iho care nothing for hli
art. was once talking of the mystery of
leath. .
"The Great Mpnager Is right , " ho said
reverently. "Whp would give any heed to
he play If pe coud | ijee behlna the curtain ? "
Not a few whp reail what Mr. Robert Howls.
of Hollands , Va.ka's to wy below , will remember -
member thejr own experience under 1 ke cir
cumstances ; "Last owlntcr I had la grippe
which left mo in a lw Plate of health. I
tried numerous remedies , noneof which did
ne any coed , uuJI } I was Induced to try a
bottle of Chamberlain's Cough Remedy. The
first bottle of ( o , far relieved me that I
wai enabled to a , efld to my work , and the
second bpttle effected a cur " For wlo at
25 and V ) c aU per bottle by druggletj.
THE ARMY RIFLE A TERliii
Phenomenal Dostrnctivo Powers Shown by
Recent Tosts.
THE FLIGHT OF ITS PROJECTILES
Hour CrtinliltiK mill nxttloilvr I'liroc
'
or < lit > Iliillftn-Ktrry Soldier Illn
Ov\n .SnrK < M > n AII Aliiriu-
t IMir Problem.
A vcrr short time ago , when most of the
nations of the earth were going about with
chips on their shoulders , Imploring some
one to knock them off , the medical men of
the various countries began wondering whit
would be the effect on the soldiers of the
poralblc enemy should the arms now adopted
by the various countries bo used In actual
warfare. Those medical gentlemen , s.iys the
New York Herald , made their reports to their
governments , and , needless to say , the Ond-
Ings of the scientists after their experiments
Mere not made public. Tliero wore some
thing ? . It was found , that In order to retain
oven an ordinary degree of patriotism It
was well to conceal from the possible sol
di o'r.
o'r.pno of ttio government ? which nmdo those
Interesting Investigations sent Its report to
the surgeon general of the United Slates ,
with the warning that It was not Intended
for the public. On the contrary , It was
printed for the benefit of the surgeons of the
army , and should be kept from the rank and
flic , as the result of the promulgation of the
facts mentioned lit the report might Inter-
fcra seriously with the personnel of the
array.
SOME EXPERIMENTS WITH THE DUN.
It IB rather singular that at Juyt about the
same time , If not a little before this official
Inquiry was made , Dr. John H , Qlrdner of
Now York City began Rnme experiments on
his onn account with the new rlflo adopted
by the , Unlt d States army and now In the
possession of the regular troops , with the
gun factories bard at work turning out
sufficient to supply an army of war strength.
Dr. Qlrdner made his experiments and drew
a number of deductions , which have been
published In a noddy newspaper , but ; ! < ese
rcmarks'of the experimenter merely sklmmpil
the surface , and the complete results of tl.c
surgeon's experiments will not bo known
until he makes them public In a scientific
periodical of repute.
From the experiments made by experts not
alone In firearms and dynamics , but by sur
geons of renown , the weapon adopted by the
United States army , the Krag-Jorgenssn rifle.
Is pno of the most brutally effective weapons
which has ever been Invented. It was re
garded as humane , Inasmuch as the wounds
It made would be clean and the passage of
the projectile BO rapid that there would bo
almost no splintering of the bone or tearing
of tissues. Instead of this , except within a
certain very limited , range , the effect of the
bullet la explosive , and It not alone tears
and mutilates In a terrible fashion , but It
itsViPi the hone into a nuln and Increases
the percentage of fatalities to a very ma
terial extent.
When the military arms having small cali
ber and using a bullet of a diameter much
less than the old rifles were adopted by the
European armies , the representation made
was that the change was In the Interest of
humanity and that the small caliber bullet
could not make so severe a wound as the
heavy projectile of the old weapon. The ex
periments were made at certain well doflned
distances at which armies would be likely to
do battle. But the effect of the missiles at
other distances , especially up to 400 yards-
and beyond. 1,500 yards , was not determined.
Itwas presumed that If the wounds were
clean and free from excessive laceration at
the distances experimented with , they must
bear , necessarily , the same general appear
ances at other distances.
IT AVAS HOPED TO DISABLE , NOT KILL.
With this general result the examining
boards were content and the public gener
ally was Informed and thoroughly convinced
that even though the now arms adopted
were much more precise In action and had
an enormously Increased carrying and pene
trative ipower , they were adopted because
the' chief object ofwarfare was not to kill
an enemy but to disable him , and that the
wounds Inflicted by the new -weapons would
be of a character which could be treated
successfully and that recovery from them
would bo rap'd. '
The same condition of things which In
duced the acceptance of the guns In Europe
existed hero. This government had Us hu
mane Inclinations played upon and the ex
perimenters were shown how straight was
the trajectory and how clean was the track
of the projectile , until there seemed to be
a decided demand for the gun because the
person hit with Its missile might bo knocked
over and made helpless for a time , but that
lie could be fixed up with great promptitude
and dispatch after the battlo.
Dr Olrdner , In his article , describes the
flight of the bullet as In three divisions. The
first Is from the muzzle of the gun to the end
of 400 yards , the second Is from 400 yards to
1 r.OO yards and the third is from 1.500 yards
to the limit of flight two miles. The first of
these may bo described as the destructive
dlvlflon of the flight. Anything struck within
this range Is splintered and torn as though
by on pxploslon. The mark of the missile In
an oak board Is Irregular , and the uffect of
the projectile striking anything having the
same resisting power as flesh Is explosive ,
the bullet tearing the mark to pieces.
ENOnilOUS VELOCITY OF THE BULLET.
It should bo remembered In considering
the power of the flight of the bullet from
this now -gun that the muzzle velocity Is
2.000 feet a second , and that Its course Is
aimcst resistless. It Is not llko the Mlnlo
boll of the civil war merely lead , which Is
Itself flattened and torn In Its course but
It Is conical , and the lead core Is first cov
ered with steel and then plated with German
silver. It was sent through sixty Inches of
plno board without dlstuiblng the jacket of
the bullet In the slightest. This was cal
culated to have the effect In gunshot wounds
of doing away with the never ? laceration
Inevitable from the course of a missile die-
charged from jono of the ola army rifles ,
when , the bullet spread at the point of Im
pact. At the distance described , between
400 and l.GOO yards , the advantage Is very
marked , and Is likely to make this limit
known aa the humane limit. Her ? the
wounds Inflicted by the rlflo are remarkably
clean and the punctures of the bono appear
as though they had been carefully drilled.
The appearance < ff the floah wounds ID
equally clean and without laceration , and If
there was a certainty that every person
shot and ript killed outright would be within
: ho humane limits and would recover from
ils Injuries the gun would seem to make
warfare a sport rather than a hardship.
Ah experiment was made In Germany with
the prmy rifle with which our army Is
equipped , and seven dead bodies weio placed
n Indian flic to receive the bullets. The rifle
wag d It charged at a distance of C50 yards
and the missile passed through all of the
subjects and was never found. This was at
550 yards. Had the bullet been discharged
at ' 350 yards there would have been plenty
o addi . Tlio conditions then may b lm.
aglncd when an experiment recently made
with a human skull Is rcUtoJ ,
SMASHED A SKULL TO PIECES.
The experimenter secured a skull and filled
ho Interior with potato , which has about
ho tame consistency as tli ? brain m tit tor.
One of the now United States army rifle *
V38 discharged at the tkull at a distance of
00 yards and the skull was literally tmiasliuil
by the force of tli ? Impact. TU contend
vcre. strewn for half a dorcn jards about
lad this been tried \\lthln the htimano
Imlt the bullet would bavu patml through
liu skull , leaving a tiny hole behind it.
The aamo experimenter had occjslon to
hoot a rabid dog while using lUe , trny rifle ,
and tliought that the use uf the weapon
vould bo about as humane- mpt'iort of kill.
HE the brute a could be devised. What w.is
its astonUhmrnt when tlio bullet struck the
unfortunate animal to see It practically burst
ho fore part pf tlio tnii.k open , ijuito as
hough tha anlmul had bsen Mllcd with an
xploslve bullet. Till * woiilj > > o undoubtedly
ho recullof a uouuJ In a human budy , lit
cioo , Uio rAflge nan ultliln the limit which
may bo doecr'bcd at bruUl ,
Tlio pliysIciaDB who bavo followed the ex
periments jay tliat the cftixt uf tl-o bullet
'trlklng a thigh or au arm br/r.o would lm ,
unle * the perron was wlttilu tlio urea pf 401
0 1,500yards , ( a reduce the bono ultmittt to
.u pulp. Setting or raving I lib llnili would
> Q Impossible. The amputation would luv
o be prompt and complete * . IK'itli wpuld
> robaby ! rcfylt from uucb a wouii'l.
There lips' b/ffii , of course , a crcnt deal of
ca < Kialli 4 may occur. IJofoie ad-
19999999999999999 (
PAGES t TO 8.
l9999t)99tC999999999599994 !
Quaker WIsUoi.
* r FIVE OBINTS.
"When the stomach is luir-
A true saying , after a breakfast o
OATS
Sold only m 2-tb. Packages.
199999999999999999999999999999999999
Tell Yonr Wife
that you have
read that Santa
Claus Soap is
one of the
greatest laborsaving -
saving inven
tions of the
time. Tell
her that it
will save her
strength , save
her time , save
her clothes.
The merits of
SANTA CLAUS SOAP
appeal at once to every thoughtful woman. It's the best , purest , and
most economical soap to be procured. Sold every where. Madcoulyby ,
The N. K. Fairbanh Company , - Chicago. |
9999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999
curiosity cxpressod among scientific men to
account for this phenomenon of shattering
by a projectile traveling at such an enormous
rate of speed as 2,009 feet a second. But
none of the explanations seem to be as satis
factory or as simple as the one offered by *
Dr. Glrdner. Ho Instances a boy's humming
top , and calls * attention to the fact that at
the beginning of the flpln the toy whirls at
an extreme point of Its * velocity and that It
wabbles for a tlmo , for the rapidity of Its
motion has not yet overcome the laws of
gravitation. Then there la a period when the
top appears to bo'perfectly still and yet Is
revolving at an enormous rate.
A third period ensues when the toy be
comes uncertain again and again begins to
wabble. These three stages of the spinning
of a top explain , according to Dr. Glrdner ,
the three points of theflight of the projectile.
Ho believes thai as the bullet leaves the
muzzle of the rifle It 'Is given a twist which
Improves Its accuracy , 'of course , but makes
Its penetrative course decidedly unsteady.
The quiver "which accompanies this early
flight of the bullet Is the thing which docs
to ( ! business withhuman flesh and bone. '
When the 400 yards mark Is reached the bul
let's flight becomes steady , and Its penetra
tive power Is of course concentrated. At the
1,500 yards limit the top begins to bo tired
of spinning and the bullet shows Increasing
Indications of unsteadiness until the end of
Its flight. It Is during the periods when the
course of the projectile Is not perfectly
straight and true thai the great damage Is
done by tlte bullet.
SUROEOMS ARE COAIPJLJNG STATISTICS.
The medical corps at the army Is com
piling a scries of taolos Cased upon the medi
cal reports of the casualties dm Ing the
civil war , with the object of showing how
destructive the present rifle will bo In actual
warfare. From what is known at present
concerning the results of these experi
ments , they will show that because of the
pi act leal absence of trajectory In the flight
of the projectile pf the'new ' rifle the chance
of escape while charging will be reduced
to the minimum. There can be no longer
any charges across country. The charging
lorco would be wiped put before It reached
Its enemy. The stralgitnes | of the flight
of the bullet has entirely done away with
the chance that the enemy will fire over
your head. All he has to do is to hold his
rifle straight and blaze away and kill some
thing. Besides , there will be no longer any
advantage In fighting In the woods from be
hind trees and tliolike. . The experiments
have shown that the bullet passes with the
utmost readiness through trees three feet In
diameter , and any pirson standing behind
would be killed Inevitably. The absence of
trajectory has Increased to an alarming de
gree the area In a field of battle within
vanccs could bo made over Intervening spaces
with comparative immunity. Now , nothing
Is safe within two miles of the gun.
An exceedingly alarming problem Is can-
fronting the authorities In regard to the
safety of the sanitary corps or any person
not combatants. They will be practically
wiped out should they attempt to sitve the
wounded on the field. They could scarcely
avoid being wounded , nnd another corps
would have to be employed to aid them , nnd
03 on ad liillnltum , Now It Is proposed to
teach every soldier the principles pf first
aid to the Injured , so that > tley | may drei > 3
their own and their comrades' ncumlp.
They will bo taught especially how to stop
hemorrhages and eaqh man wll bn provided
with a little package of antUcptlcs soued to
bin uniform and freed from nil pmslblo In
fection. Then when tlioy receive wounds
they may aid each other and no : aw all Ui
ambulance corps.
Raymond
Jl'WKLKK.
"Wkjhout haste
In season and out of season , a.
great corps of silver workers ,
assembled from every artistic
nation in the world , labor har
moniously together , blending
fancy of the brain with cunning
of the hand , in Deducing those
marvelous creations of Utility
and Beauty known
Gorliam Silver
Too good for Dry Good *
Stores Jtwtlen only.
Tim rnat'jn wii i-oitflno oiiratlru In Corn 4 in
tV Iliqpitly ( rally fojj
C. S. RAYMOND ,
S n. Corner IMU ou4 DouuU *
DOCTOR
Searles &
Searles
SPECIALISTS IH
Nervous , Chronic
and ; l
Private Discisis.
I
WEflTMEN
ti&XUALLiX.
All I'rlvuto UUonnef
HiiilUlHonlurn of Alnn I
rrcntiuuut by mall
consultation f rou-
SYPHILIS I
Cured for llfo and the poltion thoroughly
cleansed from the system PILES , FISTULA
an nnCTAL ULCERS , IIYDIIOCEL15S ANIJ
VARICOCRLB permanently nnd BUcccaifully
cured. Method now and unfailing.
:
STRICTURE AND GLEET *
By new method without pain or cutting.
Call on or address with atamp , i
Dr loarloc K < ? pirlf < ll ° * iti st ,
oCdllBS oSaUh
III. a , um u * N I > .
STOCKHOLDERS' MEETING.
Notice la hereby Riven that the regular
annual meeting of the stockholders of the
South Plntto I.nncl company will bo held at
the ofllce of said company. In Lincoln , Ne
braska , nt 10 o'clock a. m. , on the flrst
Wednesday in March , 1890 , being the fourth ,
day of the month.
By order of the board of directors.
n. O. I'HILL.U'S , Secretary.
Lincoln , Nebraska , Februarv 3 , 189G
K-Pcb l-M-231
HOTEL.
TIIIIiTlCK.Vrii AM > JO.MJS .S'J'HISUTS.
1(0 rooina , buths , itcam Iieut and nil mo Jem
convenience ! ) . Itataa { 1.50 nnil (2.00 per day ,
Table unexcelled. .Special lj\v niton In regular
boarders. FJUNK HII UITCU Her.
RAILWAY TIME CARD
Leaven lUUUUNOTON & MO. lUVICH.IArrlvea
OniahalUnlon Depot , 10th & Mason 8t . | Omaha
8:30am : . . . . .Denver Imprest 93.nm ; !
C&pm.nik. Hills , Mont. & 1'UKet Siul Ux. 4OC : | > ra
4:3J | > in Denver Impress. . , , 40.pm ;
7:05i > m..Nebraska Local ( fiaeiit .Simony ) . . 7:4Spm
. . .Lincoln Local ( except Sundayll:21ani ) :
2ipin..F.-ut ! Mall ( for JL-lncoir ) dally. . .
Leaven ( CHICAGO , nunLIXOTON H. Q.ArrJ\c |
O malm I Union Depot , loth & Mason Hln.f Omnliq '
. . . .ChlcflKo VnHbDlo 8:00.im :
BMSulil Clilcngo ICxpiens . . , , , , 4lSim
7BOpm..ClilfJKO : & St. I.Tills Impress , , . KiOam ;
n.ain.l'ucini : Junction Locnl 5:30jmi :
Fnst Mail ZMDpm.
Leaven ( CHICAGO , MIL. & HI' . PAIJL.lArrlvcii
Omali3Unlon | Depot. 10th . Mnn-jn St .f Omnlia _
" " ' "
CilcaBi"Llmttd ! ! . . . . , S'0'.nm
, . .Chicago EXJUOH ( ex. Sunday ) , . , ? ; 2" > pra
I. nc IOH1C-AOO & NOUTHWK.ST'N.lArrlves
OiinlinlUnlon Ufput.JSlh & Maton j hiJOin.ilia
11:00.1111 : , .7. . . . Utjli-rn Hici > r . . ,7. r. . . . 3IOpni :
4:4iiri : | , , , . , . . .Vt llJUleJ | I.lmltrd , . . , , , , C : < lpni
. ; . , , . . . , . . . . . ' I r.T un ; . > r. . , . . . luijopni
t ; < r.pm..Omtha ; r'lilc.iE. ' Hpe-al : , , . , , , Itoiim :
40 | > m . Hu'Hio Lo < c . , 9 ' 30411 ;
. MlKBo-iri V-illi-y LooAl . JMim :
L T "l'ri IICAOO. U. I , t , \CIKl < JArrhW
OmaliijUnlon D-pol , VM\fc Mown fit-M Omnlm
jo,4lu7ri.Atlniila"lxiirfM { ! ( ex. Sunday ; , , , ! 75pm
8 ; , pni . NlKht ixpre ; > . SilSam
'
jtMl > m..Jj.r1'tul ( " Yf lllruled Llmljeil. . . . 1.3jpni
WKST.
C4'-i ; < i < i Oltluhnnm A T T ; , ( ex. Pun.,10Cmu ) :
' lir.Ue , ] . , , . , , , , . . 4:00pm :
T"l' , . it & O. UirU-u"
. J50lj iiljl\'el ) ter8a.l _ ( _ Oinsh.i
. niinoxJotlnn. , . , jl'in |
JJ'15pni..Bit-jx illty t trx. jjun.llr..im : t
EUSpir . . . . . . . . .HI.
LMVP | P. . K. & MO. VAU.KY IAirtve
OmahsI'ei | _ | < 't ' , llllt nd iVcliiter Hti. { Onulia
i > ! Sp > n.7i < . I'm ! M.ill stirt Hsprfnit „ , . , , . STSpm
2ipm : , . -x , Hil ) Wye. Kx. < s , linn ) . C-smn
7.SOmn..Xorfi.lt ! litvfni It * , K' > nla > | , . , I : 4.ini
tili'i . ; .Hl. I''iul Kxptna , . , . . , , . , . n.n.un
I axi-nl" " K. ' " . . BT. .1 , & c | | , ArliTT/1
Omahijl.'nlun I > tp < .l , Kill A Mnnon m . | Umuli.i
9n.Vm. : . . .Kutn-u flly nay CxprtM , , . /:10pm
JM5pm.lv.j ) ; . Ntylit ix. Via U. 1 % Tran . J.0nii (
Oin lunrpot | _ , litli mil " \V-Uiler at * , ( i
777" " * " rTi IT1 icT
Drpot. I0li ! K Maton HI
t.4ipm. . . . . . . . _ . . ! . I'nul l.lmll il. . . BJO.ua
LeitWj I'MIO.V I'ACII'IC1.
Oin il'iill'nlon l > ifpul.lJtlj.it llaion Hlf.l Omalm
"
, 4
Lca. l WAUASII HAIWAV. "lA
OmuMa'L'nlon ' Ut | > M , lilt. H. At upon 8f | Omali *
" 4-SOpuj T. - _ LwU "tttiucluin. . , . . if : am