\
THK OMA1TA DAILY KEK ; jVMljnyiJiSIUY , DKCKMKKK , 7 , 1802.
illS FlNALJlESSAGE1
[ eoNTixrnti riioM
licn Hint win bo celebrated nftcr Its
effects have been realized , ns lt exportation
lias been In ICuropo , ns well us In American
cities , the authors imtl promoters of It will
lie entitled to the highest praise.
i ; | ii-rlrnri- Pint Ycurs.
We have had In our history several exper
iences of the contrasted efforts of u rovcnen
and of n protective tariff , hut this genera-
tlon has not felt them , inl the oxpcrlonco of
one generation Is not highly instniellvo to
the next , 1'he frlemls of the protective sys
tem , with imiHmlnlshcil eoiUlilenco In the
Vrlnclplos they have advocated , will await
the results of the now experiment.
The strained ami too often disturbed rela
tions existing between the employes and the
employers in our great manufacturing estab
lishments liavo not been favorable to a ealm
consideration by the wage earner of the
i-ffe-ot iiimti wages of the protective system.
Tim facts that his wages were the highest
paid in like fallings in the world and that a
maintenance of this rutis of wages in the ab
sence of protective duties upon the product
of Ufa labor was impossible were obscured
hv the passion evoked by those contests.
llo may now be able to review the question
in the light of his personal experience under
the operation of a tariff for revenue only.
] f that experience shall domnnstrato that
the present rated of wanes nro thereby
malntalned-or increased , cither absolutely erIn
In their purchasing IK > WIT , and that thu
aggregate volume of work to bo done
In this country Is increased or even
maintained ; that there are moro eras
as many days work In a year at as good OP
hotter wages for the American workman as
has been the case iimVr the prolcetlvo ys-
tein every one will rejoice.
nr * AttrmlhiR Itrdllcl Iini of WIIRPS.
A general process of wage reduction can
not bo contemplated b.v any patrlotio cltir.cn
without the gravest apprehension. It may
be , Indeed , I believe , is , possible for the
American manufacturer to compete success
fully with his foreign rival in many branches
of production without the defense of protec
tive duties If the pay rolls are equalized , but
thocnnfltrt that stands between the pro
ducer and that result and the distress of our
working people when It is attained tire not
pleasant to contemplate. Tin * society of the
unemployed , now holding its frequent and
threatening parades in the streets of foreign
cities , should not bo allowed , to acquire tin
American domicile.
WO I tC or Till ! ADMINISTRATION.
I'llldlo Itiiftlnrss TraiiHai-li-d In n .Milliner
Ahuvn -irimrli ]
The reports of the heads of tlio several ex
ecutive departments , which are herewith
submitted , have very naturally included a
resume of the whole work of the administra
tion , with the transactions of the last llscal
year. The attention , not only of congress ,
hut of the country , is again invited to the
methods of administration which have been
pursued and to the results which have been
attained. 1'ubllc revenues amounting to
1-J,0.2H.S8 ) ! have been collected and dis
bursed without loss from misappropriation ,
without a single defalcation of such ini-
portanco as to attract the public attention
and at a diminished percent of cost for col
lection. Tlio public business has been trans
acted not only with fidelity , but pro
gressively and with a view to giving to the
pcoplo in the fullest possible degree the bene
fits of services established and maintained
for their protection and comfort.
OUK romcicN IIIATIONS. : :
Work of tlui Slutti Iti-piii-l iiii-nl Trualle.-
Which Him ) Iti-r-ii Ni' i > ( l > ili-il.
Our relations with other nations are nou
undisturbed by any serious controversy. Tin
complicated and threateningdilTereiices will
Germany and Kngland relating to Samoar
affairs , with Kiigland in relation to the sea
ilsheries in the Ilcring sea and with Chil
crowing out of the Ualtimoro affair have
been adjusted.
There have been negotiated and conclude !
under section. . : ! of the tariff law commcivia
agreements relating to reciprocal trade will
the following countries : llra/.il , Dominical
Hopublic , Spain for Cuba and PuerU
llleo , Guatemala , Salvador , tlio Gcrnmi
empire , Great Urltnin for certain West In
dian colonies , and British Gniaini. Nicaragua
Honduras and Austria-Hungary.
Of these , those vtith Ciiiutcmala , Salvador
vader , the German empire , Great Britain
Nicaragua , Honduras and Austria-IIungarj
have been concluded since my last message
Under these treaty arrangements a frei
favored admission has been secured in over ;
case for an important list , of America )
products. Ksporlul care has been taken ti
secure- markets for farm products In order ti
relieve that great underlying industry of th
depression which the lack of an udcqunt
foreign market for our surplus often brings
An opening has also been made for manii
faetured products that will undoubtedly , i
this policy is maintained , greatly fiugmon
our export trade.
NCMKitIlls I'm- TruckOpened. .
The full benefits of these arrangement
cannot bo rcali/cd Instantly. New lines o
trade uro to bo opened. The commerciii
traveler must survey the Hold. The mam
facturer must adapt his goods to the nei
markets ami facilities for exchange must b
established. This work lias been we
Iwgun ; our merchants and manufacturer
liavo entered the new Held with courage an
enterprise. In thoe-nso of food products , an
especially with Cuba , the trade ill
not need to wait and the iinmedi.it
results liavo been most gratifying. If thl
] > olley and the trade arrangements can li
continued in force ami aided by the estal
liuhment of American steamship lines , I d
not doubt that wo shall within a .slim
period secure fully one-third of the tot ;
trade of the countries of Central and Sout
America , which now amounts to about $ ( iO ( )
000,00(1 , annually. In ism wo had only S pc
cent of this trade.
JCrlir | < it'lty'i ( tiiiiil U'orl > .
The following statistics show the Increas
in our trade with the countries with whic
wo liavo ivi iprncal trade agreements froi
the date vi hen such agreements went hit
effect up tit September ilti. lhj , Urn increaf
being In some almost wholly and in others 1
nn ImiKirtant degree the iv.sult of thcs
agreements : The domestic exports to Ge
many and Austria-Hungary have increase
iu value from $ l7GTi,7W : ! to $ .iiiiimvi ! : , nn li
creasoof $ lliuios-tv ) ! > | .oi : per cent. Wit
American countries the value of our o.vpnrl
has Increased from lllCiO'S5 to $ , > -iilll.V.l !
nn inerouso of > lO-l ! > Hllt ! ; , or U.li7 : ! per ecu
Thu total incivnso in value of exports 1
nil the countries with which wo ha\
reciprocity agreement : * has been fiO,77'iU :
This Increase is chielly in wheat , Hour , me ;
and dairy products ami manufactures of in
and steel and lumber. There has been
largo increase in the value of imports fro
all these countries wince the commi'ivl
agreements went in'o effect. amounting
& 4JMJ [ & > , hut it has been entirely In Ji
norts fiiitn the American counlriea. con ls
ing mostly of sugar , coffee. India rubber at
crude drugs. The aliirmed attention of 01
Kuropoan competitors for the South Amni
ran market has been attracted to this iiu
American policy and to our acquisition ai
their loss of South American trado.
A treaty providing for the arbitration
the dispute between Great lirilaiu and tl
United HtuU-s ns to the killinj.'oi' Reals In tl
IJoriug soa. was concluded on the 'Jlith
February last This treaty was accompanl
by an agreement prohibiting ) > elagU < wcalii
pending tjio arbitratlon.aiut a vigorous effo
was made during this season to drive out i
pouching steamers from the He-ring soa. H
naval vetisels. three rovcuu" cutters and n
TCSSO ! from tlio tish commission , all' mid
the command of Commander Kvans of t
navy , were sent into the sea , all of whi
wcro systematically patrolled. Some seizin
were mudo and it is believed the catch In t
Berlin ; sea by poachers amount
to lesa than fXX ) seals. It
true. however , that in the nort
orn I'aclllo while the seal herds wcro
their wuy to their pasture * lietweonthOiAlt
thin Lslunds a very largo number , probul
! a,000.vcro taken. The existing statutes
the United Statesdonotrostralnour citkc
fixim Uiklm ; seals In the I'aclllo ocean , u
s should not until the prohibition c
bo extended to the cltUcns of other uullo :
1 recommend that power b given to t
president , by proclamation , to prohibit t
taking of seals in the north 1'jcllio by Am
lean vessels In case the result of llnulngs
the tribunal of arbitration are such that t
restraints can ho applied to the vessels of
countries. The case of the United Stv
for the tribunal of arbitration bus been p
pared with great care and Industry by Hon.
.lohn Vf , Foster , and the counsel who repre
sent this government express confidence that
a result substantially establishing our claims
nnd preserving this great Industry to the
benelll of all nations will bo attained ,
\Vltli Ci < tiulu. :
During the past year n suggestion was re
ceived through the llritlsh minister that the
Canadian government would like to confer
as to the possibility of enlarging ujion terms
of mutual advantage the commercial ex
changes of Canada nnd of the United .States ,
and n conference was held nt Washington
with Mr Hlaino acting for" this government ,
and the Hritish minister at this capital with
three members of thu Dominion cabinet act
ing as a commissioner on the part of Great
Hrilain. The conference developed the fact
that the Canadian government was only pre
pared to offer the United States In exchange
for the concessions asked the admission of
natural products. The statement was then
made that favored rates could not bo given
to the United States as against the mother
country. This admission , as foreseen , neces
sarily terminated the conference uiwn this
question.
The benefits of nn exchange of the natural
products would ho almost wholly with the
people of Canada. Other topics of interest
were considered in the conference anil have
resulted In the making of a convention for
examining the Alaskan boundary , the waters
of I'assamaquoddy bay , adjacent to ICast-
port , Me : , and on the initiation of an ar
rangement for the protection of llsh life In
the coterminous or neighboring waters of
our north boundary.
TlioVlliiml rmwl ( 'onlriiversy.
The controversy ns to the tolls upon the
Wetland canal , which was presented to con
gress at the last session by special message ,
having failed of adjustment. 1 felt con
strained to exercise the authority conferred
b\ , the act of July -0. 1MK ! , and to proclaim a
suspension of the free use of the St. Mary's
Kails canal to cargoes in transit to ports in
Canada. The secretary of the treasury es
tablished such tolls as were thought to be
equivalent to the exactions unjustly levied
upon our commerce in the Canadian canals.
If. as we must supiiose , the political rela
tions of Canada and the disposition of the
Canadian government are to remain un
changed a somewhat radical revision of our
trade relations should , I think , ho made. Our
relations must continue to bo intimate , and
: bey should be friendly. I regret to say ,
However , that in many of the controversies ,
lotably those as to the fisheries on the At-
antic , the sealing interests on the Pacific
nnd the canal tolls , our negotiations with
Great Hrltaln have continuously been
thwarted or retarded by unreasonable ami
iiil'rieudly objections and protests from
Canada. In the matter of the canal tolls ,
our treaty rights were llagrantly disre
garded.
I'rhlli-Ki's ISn.l < > .vi-il liy Ciiimilluns.
H is hardly too much to any that the Cana
dian 1'acllic and other railway lines which
parallel our northern boundary are sustained
b.v commerce havimr either its origin or the
. > rihmtors ; or both in the United States.
1'he Canadian railroads compete with those
if ) the United States for our trafllc , and
without the restraints of our interstate
commerce act. Their cars pass almost
without detention in ami out of
our territory. The Canadian Pacilic
a 11 way brought into the United
Slates from China and .lapan via British
Columbia during the year ended Juno Jit ) ,
IS'fcj , : i , : > ; ! ' . , ris' ' ) pounds of freight , and it car
ried from the United States to bo shipped to
China and .lapan via British Columbia ! 3I-
0iSUi ( ; ( pounds of freight. There were also
shipped from the United States over this
iiiad from eastern points of the United
States government to Pacific ports during
the same year ii,91UOit : ; pounds of freight ,
and there wore received over this road at
the United Stati-s eastern ports from ports on
the Pacific coast i'JOVl" : ! ; ) > pounds of freight.
Mr. Joseph INimmo , jr. , former chief of the
bureau of .statistics , when before the senate
select committee on relations with Canada ,
April mi , IS'.K ) , said that "thi ! value of goods
thus transported between different points in
the United States across Canadian territory
probably amounts to f 100,000,000 n year. "
AilviintiiKi" < Tlnit Should lie Tulu-ii.
Thcro is no disposition on the part of the
people or government of the United States tt
interfere in the smallest degree with tin
political relations of Canada. That question
la wholly with her own people. It is time foi
us , however , to consider whether , if the
present state of thingsand trend of things ante
to continue , our interchanges upon lines ol
land transportation should not bo put upon
a different basis , and our entire independence
of Canadian canals and of the St. Lawrence
an an outlet to the sea secured by the con
struction of an American canal around the
falls of Niagara and the opening of ship com
numieation between tlio great lakes and one
of our own seaport towns. We should nol
hesitate to avail ourselves of our great
natural trade advantages. We should with
draw the support which is given to the rail
roads and steamship lines of Canada by i
trnflle that properly belongs to us , and iu
longer furnish the earnings which Hghtei
the otherwise crushing weight of thecnor
mous public subsidies that have been givei
to them.
The object of the power of the treasury t <
deal with this matter without further legis
lation has been under consideration , Im
circumstances have postponed a conclusion
It is probable that a consideration of tin
propriety of a mod illcation or abrogation o
ilia artlclo of the treaty of Washlngloi
relating to the transit of goods in bom
involved is the only complete solution of thi
question.
Our Sister lli-pulillcs.
Congress at the last session was kep
advised of the progress of the threatcnini
differences between Chili and the Unitei
States. It gives me now great gratilicatioi
to report thai the Chilian government in i
most friendly and Honorable ! spirit ha
tendered and paid as an indemnity to th
families of sailors of the lialtimor
who were hilled , and to thos
who were injured in the outbrcal
in the city of Valparaiso , the sum o
§ 7.1,000. Tills has been accepted , not only a
in Indemnity for a wrong done , but as ;
most gratifying evidence that the govern
inent of Chill rightly appreciates thu ills'
position of this government to act in a spin
jf absolute fairness and friendliness in on
iitcrcoiirsewilh that brave people ) . A furthe
mil conclusive evidence of the mutual re
spool and conlidonco now existing is I'm
nislied by tlio fact that a convent ion submit
ting to arbitration the mutual claims n
I he citizens of the respective government
lias been agreed upon. Some of these claim
Inivo been pending for many years and hav
been the occasion of much uusnlisfactor
diplomatic correspondence.
1 have endeavored in every way to assur
our sister republics of Central and Sout
America that the United States governmeii
and its people have only the most friend !
disposition toward them all. Wo do nc
covet their territory. Wo have no dispos
tlun to ho oppressive or exact Ing in i-dea
lugs with any of them , oven the woakos
Our interests ami our hopes for thorn all 1 !
hi the direction nf stable governments li
their people and of the largest doveilopmei
of their great commercial resources. Tl
mutual bum-Ills of enlarged commercial o :
changes and of a more familiar and friend I
Intcrcourso between our people wo do de-sir
ami In tills liavo sought their friendly co-o ;
cration.
1 have believed , however , whllo hohlli
lhe.se > sentiments in the greatest slncerit ,
that wo must Insist upon a just responsibi
Ity for any Injuries indicted uxm ] our ofllel
representative's or upon our citizens , Th
insistence , kindly and justly but Jlrinly mail
will , 1 bcliovo , promote ) peace and mutual i
spect.
Our KKlatlims AVlth Ilinuttl.
Our relations with Hawaii have been su <
us to attract an Increased Interest and mu
continue to do so. ! doom it of great li
porlance Unit the projected submarine cuhl
a survey for which 1ms bee > n made , should
promoted , as both for naval and commorcl
uses wo should have quick communle-utlt
Wo should before this have availed ourselv
of the concession made many years ago
this Kovenimonl for a harbor and nuval si
Hew at Pearl rlvor.
Many evldenws of the friendliness of t
Hawaiian government have been given
the punt am ! it is gratifying to believe th
the ) advantage and necessity of n couth
mice of very close relations U appreciated.
The friendly act of this government In c
pressing to the government oC Italy
roprohatlon and abhorrence of the lynch !
of ltulan ) subjects In Now Orleans by t
payment of liiO.OOO francs , or fcil.iBO , w
nci-oiilod by the king of Italy with ovt
manifestation of gracious appreciation , a
the compliment bus boon highly promotl
of mutual respect and good will.
I'rotc.t Aguliut tli Action of IV.uico.
lit consequent of the action of the Froii
government in r.roelalming u protector :
over certain trill/1 / dUtrlcts of thu west co ;
of Africa , eastward of the San Pedro river , 1
invo felt constrained to make protest
against this encroachment ui > ou the terri
tory of a republic which was founded b.v
citizen * of tho' United States and toward
which this country has for many years held
the Intimate relation of n friendly coun
selor.
on tlio Mrxtcnn llorilrr.
Tlio recent disturbances of the public
> > caco i by lawless foreign mar.iudcrs on the
Mexican frontier have afforelod the government
mont nn opimrttmlly to testify Its good will
ror Mexico and Us earnest purpose to fulfill
Lho obligations of International friendship
> y pursuing nnd dispersing the evil doers.
I'ho work of relocating the boundary of the
.rcaty of ( hiudaloupo Hidalgo , westward
from Ul Paso , la progressing favorably.
Our liitrrr iirMllh .Spuln.
Our intercourse with Spain continues on
; oed terms. 1 rein-el , however , not to be
iblo to report H yet the adjustment of the
claims of the American missionaries arising
from the disorders at Ponapo. in the Caroline
line Islands , but 1 anticipate a satisfactory
idjustment of the. urgent representations to
the government at Madrid.
Our Clllrriis In Tnrki-y.
The treatment of the religious and educa
tional establishments of American citizens
In Turkey has of late called for liiore than
the usual share of attention. A tendency to
curtail the toleration which has so bene
ficially prevailed is discernible , and
has called forth the evirnost remon
strances of Ibis goveinment. Har
assing regulations in regard to schools )
and churches have been attempted
in certain localities , hut not without due pro-
lost and the assertion of the Inherent and
conventional riuhts of onrcouiitrymon. Violations
lations of domicile ami search of thu person
and effects of ritixons of tlio United. Slates
by apparently irresKiisiblo | ) olllcial.s in tlio
Asiatic vilayets have from time to time been
reported. An aggravated instance of injury
to the property of an American missionary
at Dourdeiir , in the province of Koni , called
forth an urge-lit claim for reparation , which
i am pleased to say was promptly hooded by
the government of the Porte. Interference
with tin1 tradimr ventures of our citizens in
Asia Minor is also reported and the lack of
consular representation In that region is n
serious drawback to instant and effectives
protection. 1 cannot heliuvo. that these inci
dents represent a settled policy and shall not
cease to urge the adoption of proper rem
edies.
Intc-rimtloiml t'opyrlglit.
International copyright has been ex
tended to Italy by proclamation in con
formity with thu act of March ! ! , IH'.M , upon
assurance being given that Italian law per
mits to cltuons of the United States the
benefit of the copyright on substantially the
Rnmo basis as the subje'cts of Italy.
Hya special con von tlon proclaimed January
l"i , IS ! ) ' . ! , reciprocal provisions of copyright
have been applied between the Unjted Slale-s
and Germany. Negotiations are in progress
with other countries to Iho same end.
The Nlt-arngna Caiml.
I repeat with great earnestness the recom
mendation which 1 have mentiuned In
previous message-s as lo Iho inadequate sup
port given the American company engaged
in Iho construction of the Nicaragua ship
canal. It is Impossible lo overstate the value
from every standpoint of this great enter
prise and I hope that there may bo time
given in this congress to give to it an im
petus that will insure the early completion
of the canal and secure to the United Stales
ils proper relations to it when completed.
Tim Monetary Coiifi-n-nri- .
This congress has already been advised
that the Invilalions of this government for
the assembling of an international mone
tary conference to consider the question of
an enlarged issue of silver were accepted by
the nations to which they wore issued. The
conference assembled at Brussels on the 'JM :
of November and has entered upon the con
sideration of this great question. 1 have not
doubted , and have taken occasion to express
that belief , as well in the invitations issued
for the conference as in my public messages ,
that tin ) free coinage of silver upon an agreed
international ratio would greatly promote
the interests of our people and equally thqsu
of other nations. It is too early lo preelict
what rcsulls may bo accomplished by Iho
conference. If any temporary cheek or de
lay intervenes I believe that very soon com
mercial conditions will compel the now re
luctant governments to unite with us in this
movement to secure the enlargement of the
volume ! of money needed for the trunsaclion
of the business of the world.
T1CKASUKY Iii : AICT.lIl-NT.
Muny Misleading Stiiti-nii-iilrt 3Iado for
rolllle-ul ICir.-rt lii-fiilcil.
The report of Iho secretary of the treasury
will attract special interest in view of the
many misleading statements that have been
made as to Iho state of Iho public revenues ,
Three preliminary facls shoulel not only be
stated , but emphasized , before looking into
details : First , that the public debt has
been reduced from March 4 , IbS'J , gJM > ,0"-l'JO ( :
and the annual interest charges Sll.ttH.-ili'J ;
second , that there has been paid out foi
pensions during this administration , up tc
November I , IK',12 , $ -ittr ; > ( } | .178.70 , an excess of
flM,40ii.iO(1.00 ; ( over the sum expended during
, ho period from March 1 , 1SS5 , le
March 1 , JSS'J ' ; and , third , that
under the existing tariff , up te
December 1 , about V.M.OOO.OOO of revenue
which would have been collected upon im
[ lorted sugars if the duly had been main.
Laincd , has gene inlo Iho i > ockels of the
icople and nol into the public treasury as
joforo. If there are any who still think that
the surplus should have been kept out of cir
culation by hoarding it in tlio treasury , 01
ilcpositing it in banks without late-rest ,
while the government continued to pay th <
very banks Interest upon the bonds depos
iteil as security for the deposits , or win
think the extended pension legislation was n
linbllo robbery , or that the. duties upoi
sugar should have boon maintained , 1 an
ontcnt to leave the argument where it now
rests , whllo wo wait to see whether these
criticisms will talto the form of legislation.
li'iiiiit" ( < for tliu I'iscnl Vrnr.
The revenues for the fiscal year endinf
luno iil ) , IMl'J , from all sources' wcro $4'J."i ,
btis.iij0. ! , and the expenditures for all pur
| ) ose-s were $ > ! lfiUiiiSOii.r : > ( i , leaving a balance
of .f'.lli4i.0 ! | : ! ( ! . There was paid during tin
year upon Iho public debt IO.r > 70,4G7.US. Tin
surplus in the treasury and the hank ro
dempllon fund , passed b.v the- act of July 14
1MK ) , to lliu general fund , furnished in largi
part the cash available and useel for the pay
ments made upon the public doht. Comparci
with the year IS-UI our receipts from custom !
dues foil off fcl'JOOU'J.W , | | ( whllo our receipt !
from internal revenue increased $ S3lH ! : l.i : <
leaving Ihc not loss of revenue from Ihesi
principal sources ( . ' 1,76117.t ! > < > , 'I'ho nut losi
of revenue from nil sources was $ I'JU7& ,
072.81.
Tlio revenues , estimated nnd actual , fo
the fiscal year ending Juno ! (0 ( , ISUII. an
placed by tlio secretary at H > ; t.tjli.f : ; ! ! > ( ) .4
and tlio expenditures at $ iriltili. : : ( ; > 0.41 , show
ing a surplus of receipts over expenditure
of $2HXXM ( ) ( ) . The cash balance in tlio treas
ury at the end of the fiscal year , it Is estl
mated , will bo fcJD.WH.aTT.KI.
So far as those llgure.s are liasod on th
estimates of receipts and expenditures fo
the rmnalning months of the current llsca
year there are not only the usual elements n
uncurtalnt.v but some added elumenls. Nin
ruvcnuo legislation , or oven the cxpcc.tntio
of it , may seriously reduce tlio publlo rovi
lines during tlio period of uncertainty an
during the press of buslnes. . adjustment t
the now conditions , when they becom
known. .But the secretary has very wisol
refrained from guessing as to the effect c
jMjsslblo changes in our revenue laws , sine
t ho scope of these changes ami the times c
their taking effect cannot in any degree I
forecast or foretold by him. HIB estimate
must bo based upon existing laws and upon
rontiiiuunco of existing business condition !
except so far as these conditions may I
affected by causes other than now legisli
tlon.
fur tint ( Joining Vcur.
The estimated receipts for the fiscal yor
ending Juno iiO , IB'.KI ' , are fl'.iO.l'Jl.idM.iiS , an
thu estimated appropriations $157-'Uli'i.b ! : !
leaving an estimated surplus of receipts ovt
tliu oxiHiudllures ol SW.biJO.OM.O.1) . This doi
not include any payment lo Iho sinkir
fund.
In the reoonimendatlon of iho secrotai
that the sinking fund law bo repealed 1 co
cur. Tho' redemption of bonds since tl
passage of the law to Juno 80 , 1SW , has n
ready exceeded the requirements by the su
of ( UUO,51UiVil.4U. The retirement of bom
In the future before maturity should be
mutter of convenience , not of compiilslo
Wo should not collect revenue for that pi
pose , but only USD any casual surplus. '
the balance of iHbOO,030.05 ; of receipts ov
expenditures , for the year 181H. should 1
added Ilia estimated surplus al tlio be iuul :
of the year , $20MH .fl" ! CT. and from this ng-
uregate there mtirft deducted , ns stated
by the secretary , htotot * 4 .000.000 of esti
mated unoxplrod Wprbprla lions.
The public elmfldenco In the pur
poses nnd ahnit.v1'1 of the govern
ment to iiiallliidn the parity of
all our money Issue's , 'Whether ' coin or paper ,
must remain unshaken. The demand for
gold in Huropo and lll'c oonsequenl calls upon
us arc In a eon.sldel-alllo degree the result of
the efforts of some of the l-'uropoan govern
ments to increase J.hqlr gold reserves , and
these efforts should lie met byapproprlatlons
uixm our part , 't'jiq .conditions that have
created this drain ottio , ) treasury gold are In
an Important degree political and not com
mercial. In view of the fact that a general
revision of our ro-Miuo laws in the near
future seems to bo probable , It would be
better that any changes should be a part of
thai revision rather than of n temporary
nature.
Slhpr
During the hist fls il year the secretary
pin-chased under the act of July 14 , 1SIX ) ,
54i't."i.74S : ounces of silver and issued. In pay
ment thereof $ M.UHU > iS in notes. The ) total
purchases since the passage of the act have
heem I'JU.ITIMHl ounce's and the aggre-gato of
notes issued SlUi.TtM.MHl. The average price
paid for silver during the year was IU cents
per ounce , the highest price being fl.tW , '
July 1 , ISM. and the lowest < ) . March SJ1.
IS'.r ' . In view of tin ; fact that the monetary
conference is now sitting and that no con
clusion has us yet been reached I withhold
any recommendation as lo the legislation
upon this subject.
KXT or .ir.vrin : .
AVnrk < if tlio Attorney Coin-nil Claims
Auulnsl theri'ilirnl ( Internmml.
The report of the attorney general is by
law submitted dlreeHly lo congress , but I
cannot refrain from saying that ho has con
ducted the increasing work of the llepart-
mont of Juslieo with great professional skill.
Ho has in several directions se'e-urnd from
the courts decisions making increased pro
tection to the olllcers of the United States
and bringing some classes of crime that es
caped to punishment , in the tribunals of the
United States , where they could bo tried
with impartiality.
Applicants Tor i\rrullvoClriiicMc.v. :
Tlio numerous applications for executive
clemency presented in behalf of persons con
victed in iho United Slales courts and given
penitentiary sentences have called my
attention to a fact referred to by the attor
ney general in his report , namely , that a
time allowance for good behavior for such
prisoners is prescribed by the federal
statutes fliily where the state In which the
penitentiary is located had made no such
provision. Prisoners are given the
benefit of the provisions of the stale law reg
ulating tlio penitentiary to which they may
be sent. These are various , some perhaps
too liberal , and some perhaps too illiberal.
The result is. a sentence for live years means
ono tiling If the prisoner is sent to one state
for confinement , and is quite a different
thing if lie is sent to another. 1 recommend
that a uniform credit for good behavior be
prescribed by eongre-ss. 1 have before ex
pressed my concurrence in the recommenda
tion of the attorney general that degrees of
murder should be recogni/.cd in the federal
statutes , as they are , 1 believe , in all the
states. Those grade * are founded on correct
distinctions in e-rrnliV The recognition of
them would enablo- the courts to exercise
some discretion in 'apportioning punishment
and would greatly relieve the executive of
what is coming to bo li very heavy burden ,
the examination of. .these cases on applica
tion for commutation. .
Claims A iiliiHt jlia ( ' ovi-i-ntiit-iit.
The aggreeato of cjaims pending against
the government iu Uio court of claims is
enormous. Claimsito the amount of nearly
§ 40,000,000 for taking of evidence of injury
to persons claiming to bo loyal during Iho
war are now before that court for examina
tion. When to thoso"hro added the Indian
depreciation claims anil the French spolia
tion claims an ag ro&utc is reached thai is
indeed startling. In'tho defense of these
chums the government is at a great disad
vantage. The oMIm.'lnls have preserved
their evidence , wlibreusthe , , government lias
to send agents to rummage the Hold for what
they uan lind. This dilUciilty is peculiarly
great where the fact to be established is Iho
disloyalty of Iho claimant during Iho war.
If this great throat against our revenues is
to have no other check il is certain congress
should supply the Department of Justice
with appropriations suflioiently liberal to
secure tlio best legal talent in the defense of
these claims and to purgue ils vague search
for evidence.
1 > KI'AKTMUNT OI- ' AVAIL !
'olli-lcs Sii K < 'strcl l > y Hi1 ( 'lian i-il Con-
dittnimiif Keccnt A"c-irx. :
The report of the secretary of war brings
gain to Ihc attention of congress some im-
lortant sugge-stions as lo the roorgun-
/.alion of the infantry and artillery
inns of the service , which his predecessors
ave before urged should be passed. Our army
s small , but its organi/alion should all Ihc
nero bo put upon the most approved modern
> asis. The conditions upon what wo have
: allcd the "frontier' ' have heretofore rc-
puired the maintenance of many small posts ,
> ut now the policy of concentration is ob-
iously the right ono. The new posts should
mvo tlio proper strategic relations to the only
frontiers" we now have- , these of the west
nnd the north and part of our southern
joundary. 1 do not. think that any question
if advantage in localities or states should
lotormino tlio location of the now posts.
The organisation and enlargement of the
mrcaii of military information which the
secretary has effected is a work the usoful-
loss of which will become every year moro
ipparent.
The work of building heavy guns and the
lonstruollon of coast defenses lias boon well
x-guii and should bo carried on without
heck.
ic'K I > IPA UT.M u NT.
Iinprnvi-iiic-nt In ( InScivlcn Mailii nnd nn
Ini-n-iisitln KDVCIIIII-K.
Tlio report of the postmaster general
shows a most gratifying Increase and a most
ink-lent and progressive management of the
great business of that department. The re-
inarkahlo Increase in revenues , in the nuni-
lior of postolllces and In the miles of mail in-
Icivhungo furnishes another evidence of the
: ilgh state of the prosperity which our people
uro enjoying. Now otllccs mean new ham-
ots and towns. Now routes mean the ex
tension of our border settlements , and in
creased revenues mean active conimerco.
The postmaslor general reviews the whole
ix-riod of his administrnlion of Iho ofllco and
brings some of Ills statistics down to the
month of November . iasi.
The postal revemjjw i have Increased duriiiR
the last ; year jiearlK i.OOO.OOO. The deficit
for the year ending,1 \ine \ 'M , 1SI'J ! , Is * S4SU . ! ! ,
less thiin the dt-lii idicy | | of the preceding
year. The dellcluuc.v | 0f the present fise-a !
year , it Is estimated , will ho reduced tc
* l,7.V > , lui : , which > vil | , not only bo extin
guished during tho. nesxt fiscal year , hut n
surplus of nearly fci.OpO.OOO should then be
shown. , |
Orenn ) lill ) Service ,
III tliesi cale-ulatious , the payments to IK
made under tlio irolilracts for ocean mai
aervlco have not btrumlncluiled. Tboro have
been added l.r/.x ) now mail routes during thi
year , with a mileage lot 8Sii ( ; miles , and thi
total number of miles of new mail trip ;
added during tho.pmir is nearly 17,0)0.0 ( ) < KJ
The number of milc-srif mall Journeys addei
during the hist four years is about 70,000,000
this addition beiiiixluOOiM)0 ) miles mon
than were in opemlliBi in the whole countr :
in 16(11. ( < J'
The number of iiostolllcos has been In
creased by 2.71K ) during iho year ; and durliii
Iho past four years and up to October "
last , iho total increase in the number o
offices has been nearly 1,000. Thu number c
free delivery offices has been nearl
doubled in the past four years and the mm
her of munoy order onlees more than double
in thai time.
I'oktuuu ltii\riiiio for Tlin.-n Yi-iim ,
For tbreo years , ending Juno > , IS'JJ ' , th
jxiatago revenue amounted 'to $107,4 1 1W !
which was an IncrcaBO of fW.tiCH.ir'iiQvor . th
revenue for the thrco years ending Juno m
1SS' ' . ) , the increase during the last thrco year
being more than .three and a half timus ; i
great as the increase during the thrco yoai
rnding Juno 110 , 1SSO. Nosuchlucroasoasthi
shown for these thrco years has over pri
viously appeared in the revenues of Iho di
partmoirt.
Tlio postmaster general has oxteade-d t
Vho iKjstoflices in the larger cities the nie-r
system of promotion. Introduced by mi d
reetiou into the elupurtuiuuts here , uaet it lit
resulted there , as In the departments , In a
arger volume of work and thai better doao.
oi'it MIIUIIANT : ; MA HIM : .
Ni ilty for Mbrriil Drilling AVIth Oi-cnn
Strnniililp lihu-4 ,
ICvor since our merchant marine was
Irlven from the sea by the rebel cruisers
luring the war of the rebellion , the United
State's thus paying an enormous annual
rlbule to foreign countries in the shapoot
'relijht and passage moneys , our grain and
neat A have been taken at our own dock *
mil our large ImiKirts there laid elown b.v
foreign shipmasters. An Increasing tot rent
of American travel to Kuropolmse-ontributod
i vast sum annually to the dividends of
foreign ship owners. The balance of trade
shown by the books of our custom houses
ms been largely reduced and in many .tours
iltogether extingulshevl b.v this constant
strain. In the year 1MU only l-J.n per cent of
> ur Imports was brought in American vevs-
sols. The foreign steamships maintained by
our trafllc are many of them under contract
with their respective governments by which ,
n time of war , they will become a part of
their armed naval establishments. Profit
ing by our commerce In peace they will be
come the most formidable destroyers of
> ur commerce in time of war.
I felt and have before expressed the fooling
that this condition of things was both Intolerable
erable and disgraceful. A wholesome change
of policy , and having so much promise as It
seems to mo , was begun by the law of March
1. IMll. Under this law contracts have been
made by the postmaster general for eleven
mall route's. The expenditure Involved by
these contracts for the next llscal year ap-
[ ) i'oximateiH'iM.tyi.it. : : ; As one of the good
results reached sixteen American ships of an
iggrcgate tonnage of fi'.NH ) tons , costing
! < 7,400.0lK ) . have been built or contracted to
be built In American shipyards.
I'.cri-nl Iti-ni-lli-lnl l.i-KNbilliin ,
f
The estimated tonnage of all steamships
required under existim- contracts is lilTi.W' . ! .
and when the full service required 1 > \ - these
contracts is established there will ho forty-
one mall stcantors under the American flag ,
\\ith probability of further necessary ad
ditions in the Itraziliun and Argentine ser
vice. The conn-acts recently let for trans
atlantic service will result in thu construc
tion of live ships of lo.OX ( ) tons each , costing
' . ! . ( KW.Oihlor ? 10.000.000 , amlwill-aild. - with the
City of Now York and City of Paris , to
which the Treasury department was author-
i/.ed by legislation at the last ses
sion to glvo American ivglslry.
seven of the swiftest vessels upon
the se-a to our naval reserve. The contracts
made with the line-.s sailing to Central and
South American ports have increased the
frequency ami shortened the time of the
trips , added now ports of call , and sustained
some lines that otherwise would almost cer
tainly have been withdrawn. The service to
Buenos Ay res is the llrst to the Argentine
republic under the American lias. The
servie-e to Southampton. Boulogne and Ant
werp is also now. and is to be begun with the
steamship City of Now York and City of
Paris in February next.
f earnestly urgea e-onlinuanco of the
policy inaugurated by this legislation and
that appropriations required to meet the
obligations of the government under the con
tra cts may bo promptly made so that the
lines that have entered into those engage
ments may not bo embarrassed.
Our Inti-ri-slK In tliu I'ui-lllu Tlii-enlcni-d.
We have had by reason of connections
witli the transcontinental railway lines con
structed through our own territory some ad
vantages in the ocean trade of the Pacific
Ihal wo did not possess on the Atlantic.
The construction of the Canadian Pacific
railway and the establishment , under largo
subventions from Canada and Kngland. of
fast steamship' ' service from Vancouver to
Japan ami China seriously threaten our
shipping interests in the Pneilie. This
line of English steamers receives ,
as stated by the commissioner of
navigation , a direct subsidy of
100,000 annually , or SiO.Tii" per nip for thir
teen voyage's , in addition to some further aid
from the admiralty in connection with con
tracts by which the vessels may be used for
naval purpose's. The competing American
Pacilic Mail , under the act of March t ! , IS'Jl ' ,
receives only $ ( } . : iv.l per round trip.
Kfforts have been mudo within the last
year , as 1 am informed , to establish under
similar conditions n line between Vancouver
and some Australian port , with a view of
souing there a trade in which wo have had a
largo interest.
CiiHilda's DNrrlmlimtlnn.
The commissionerof navigation states that
a very large per cent of our imports from
Asia is now brought to us by English
steamships and their connecting railways in
Canada. With a view of promoting this
trade , especially in tea , Canada has Imposed
a discriminating duty of 10 per cent
on tea and coffco brought into
the Dominion from the United
States. If this unequal contest
between Amerie'an lines , without subsidy , or
with diminished subsidies , and the Kmfli.sh-
Canadian line to which 1 have referred is to
continue. 1 think we should at least see that
the facilities for customs entry and trans
portation across our territory are not such
as to make the Canadian route a favored
one , and that the discrimination as to duties ,
to whieli 1 have referred , is mot by a like dis
crimination as to the importation of these
articles from Canada.
No subject. 1 think , moro nearly touches
the power and the prosperity of our country
than this of the development of our merchant
marine upon the sea. if wo could enter into
conference with olhor competitors and all
would agree to withhold government aid.
wo could perhaps take our chances \ \ ilh the
rust ; but our great competitors huvu estab
lished and maintained their Hues by govern
ment subsidies , until now they have practi
cally excluded us from participating. In my
opinion , no choice is loft lo us but to put the
issue , moderately at least , on the sumo lines.
oui : .MW XAVV.
Itiivlimof lliu ( ; rctVnik : Tlnit Hit * lluen
AcciiniplUlird.
The rcpnrt of the secretary of the navy ex
hibits great progress in the construction of
our now navy. When the present secretary
entered upon his duties only throe modern
steel vessels were In commission. The ves
sels siiie-o pul in commission and to bo put in
commishitiii during the winter will make a
total of nineteen during his administration
of the department. During Iho current year
ten war vessels and thrco navy tugs have
been launched. Two other largo ships and a
torpedo boat are under contract and the
work upon them will be advanced , and the
four monitors are awaiting only the arrival
of their armor , which hns been unexpectedly
delayed , or they would have boon before this
in commission.
All Dunn Without Sninilal.
Contracts have been lot during this admin
istration , under the appropriations for tlio
increase of the navy , including now vessels
and their appurtenance-s , to iho amount of
) . * > , ( XMKK ) ( ) , and then ) 1ms been expended
during the. same period for labor at , navy
yards upon similar work $3,000,000 without
Iho smallest scandal or charge of fraud or
partiality. The enthusiasm and the interest
of our novel officers , both of the staff and
Hue , have boon greatly kindled. They have
responded magnificently to Iho confidence of
congress and have demonstrated to UK :
world an unexcelled capjcily to construct in
ordinance and in everything involved in tin :
building , equipping and sailing of great wai
ships. At tlio beginning of Secretary Tracy's
administration several .difllcult problems
remained to bo grappled with and solveil
before the ofllcionuy In notion of our ships
could bo se'isuivd. It is believed Unit us tin
result of now processes in the construction ol
armor plutu our later ships will bo clothed
with dofenslvo plates of higher resistance
than are found on any war vessel afloat.
Our l.'iti'&t Dm Ices.
Wo were without torpedoes. Tests have
been made to ascertain the relative ofllclonuj
of different ronstructlunsund a torpedo has
now hcijii adopted and iho work of construe
tlon Is now being carried on successfully
We weru without urmor-ploiving shells. Wi
are now making what is believed to bo a pro
Jcctllo superior to any before in use. /
smokeless powder has been adopted and i
slow burning powder for guns of largo call
her. High explosives , capable of use it
shells fired from heavy guns , liavo beci
found , and the manufacture of gun rottoi
has been developed and the question of sup
ply is no longer in doubt.
Tlio development of n naval mllltln
which has been organised in fight states am
brought into cordial and co-oporatlvo rela
lions with the navy. Is another importun
m-hli-vement. There are now en
listi-d In these organisations l.w
men and thny are likely to hi
b'ix-uti ) extended , I recommend such icgis
hit Ion and appropriation ! ! as will encourage
and do\clop Ihls movement.
I'rnnf oT VniRrrM.
The rcoommoiulnllons of the secretary
will , I do not doubt , revolve the friendly con
sideration of congress , for ho has enjoyed ,
as he has deserved , tlio confidence of all
those Interested in the development of our
navy without any division upon partisan
lines. I earnestly express the hope that a
work which 1ms made such noble progress
may not now bo stayed. The \\holesiMiie in
fluence for the pe'uco and Inereiised sense of
security vthlih our cltl/ens domiciled In
other lands feel when these maKiilllcent
ships under the American tlag appear is
already most gratefully apparent. The
steamships from our tmv.hlch . will appear
in Iho harbor of New York will bo a con
vincing demonstration to the world that the
United States is a great naval power.
AITAICS | ) | - Till : I.NTCKIOIt.
iM- Amount of llmlnc-n Conducted
I'liltlirnfly by Ihc Ocill | : linrlll.
Tlio work of the Interior department ,
always very Innileii'some , has been larger
than ever before during the administration
of Secretary Noble' . The disability pen
sion law. the taking of thu Eleventh census ,
the opening of vast areas of Indian lands to
settlement , the organization of Oklahoma
and the negotiations for the cession of In
dian lands furnish some of iho particulars
of the increased work , and the results
achieved testify to the ability. Illicitly and
Industry of the head of the department mid
his oMlolent assistants.
Several important agreements for the ces
sion of Indian hinds negotiated by the Indian
commission appointed under the act of March
'J , ISMI. are awaiting the action of congress.
Perhaps the most important of these is that
fort lie cession of the Cherokee strip. This has
he-en a source of great vexation to the execu
tive representative , and great friction has
inured netween the settlers , in their desire
to occupy it. and the Indians , uho assert
title. The agreement which has be-on made
by Iho commission is perhaps the most satis
factory that could have been reached. It
will be noticed that it is conditioned upon its
ratification by congress before March 4. 1SI. ! ' :
The secretary of the interior , who has given
the subject careful thoTiglit , recommends the
ratllle-ation of the agreement and lam in-
elined to follow this recommendation. It is
certain that some act Ion by which this con
troversy shall be brought to an end and the
lauds opened to settlement is urgent.
The form of government provided by con
gress on May 1 . l S-l , for Alaska was , in Its
frame and purpose , temporary. The increase
of population and the development of some
Important mining and e-ommerclal interests
make tt Imperative that thu law should be
revised and bettor provision made for the
arrest and punishment of criminals.
. I.inul Olllcc AlHilrs.
The report of the secretary shows a very
gratifying stale of affairs as to the condition
of thu general hind office. The work of Issu
ing agrie-ultural patents , which seemed to be
hopelessly in arrears when the present sec
retary undertook the duties of his ouie-c , has
been so expedited that tlio bureau is now
upon current business. The re'liof thus af
forded to honest and worthy settlers upon
the public kinds , Ihus giving lo them an as
sured tlllo to their entries , hns been of in
calculable benefit in developing ; the new
states and ti-rritoricH.
'I'ho court of private land claims , estab
lished by congress for the promotion of this
polie-y of spe'odily settling contested land
title's , is making satisfactory progress in its
work , and when the work is completed a
great Impetus will bo given to the develop
ment of those regions where unsettled
claims under Mexie-an grants have so long
exerted their repressive inlluonce. When to
thi'.so results are adde-d thu former cession of
Indian hinds which have been opened to
setllement , aggregating during this adminis
tration nearly iW.000.IX10 acres and the ngrcc-
menls negotiated and now pending iu con
gress for ratification by which about 10.000,000
additional acres will be opened tosettlement ,
il will be soon how much bus been accom
plished.
AVoi-k of lliu Indian P.urrim.
The work in Hie Indian bureau , in Ihe cx-
eculion of the policy of roe-out legislation ,
has been largely directed to two chief pur
poses : Kirst , the allotment of lands in .sev
erally to the Indians and the cession of sur
plus lands : anil , second , the work of ed-
ue-ating the Indians for their own protection ,
for close contact with the while men and
for the intelligent exercise of their new citi
zenship. In all. allotments have been made
and patents issued to fi.'DO ' Indians un
der Iho present secretary , and many com
missions and .MHI additional allotments have
been made for which patents are now in
process of preparation.
The school attendance of Indian children
has boon increased over li ! per rent , the
enrollment for 18 ! ) . ! being nearly 'JO.OOO.
A uniform system of school text books and
of study lias been adopted and the work in
these national schools brought as near as
may bo to Iho basis of iho free common
schools of Iho stales. These schools can bo
transferred and merged Into the common
school system , and when the Indian lias
fully assumed bis new relation to the )
organised civil community in which lie
resides the now states will bo able to
assume Iho burden *
Politic * Ought Not III ( . ' < iiuil.
1 have several limes be-on called upon to
remove Indkm agents appointed by mo uml
have dune so promptIv upon every sustained
complaint of uiititncss or nilsconducl. I
believe , however , that iho Indian servie-o at
the agencies has bitn improved and is now
administered on the whole with a good
degree of oftlcioncy. If any legislation is
possible b.v which the selection of Indinn
agents can bo wholly removed from all par
tisan suggestion or considerations , I am sure
it would lie a great relief to the executive
and a great bom-lit to the service.
The appropriation for Iho sub.sisjjjiice eif
the Choycnne-s and Arapahoe Indians made
at thu last session of congress was imiile--
quato. This smaller appropriation was esti
mated for by the cominissloiier upon the
theory that the largo fund belonging to the
trliie In Iho public treasury could bo and
ought to hn used for their suppoi-l. In view ,
however , of the pending depredation claims
against this fund , ami oilier considerations ,
thu secretary of the Interior in April last
submitted a supplemental estimate t'orfSd.-
000. 'fills appropriation was nol made , as il
should liavo been , ami the oversight , ought
to bo remedied at the earliest possible date.
A ( 'iiindlciitlon | Nci-ilhiK l'Ml"iM'llnj- ,
In a special moss igo to the lust congress I
stated the reasons why 1 had not approved
the deed foi the release to the United States
by the Chile-laws and Cbickasawrt of lands
formerly embraced hi the Cheyenne and
Arapahoe reservation and remaining after
allotments to that tribo. A resolution of tliu
senate expressing the opinion of that body
notwithstanding the fuels stated in my mes
sage , that the deed should bo approved and
thu money , & ! , ! ) | , - > 0 , paid over , was pre
sented to mo May 10 , 1VJ-J. My special mes
sage was intended to cull thu attention of
congress lei this subject , and In vluw of the
fact that It Is conceded that tlio appropria
tion proceeded upun a false basis as to iho
amount of hind to lie paid for , and Is by
Kil,000 ( in excess of I bo amount limy are en
titled to ( oven if their claim to the land is
given full recognition at the rate agreed
upon ) , 1 have not felt willing to approve the
deed , and shall not do so at least until both
hoiise-s of congress have acted upon the sub
ject. It has boon informally proposed by the
claimants to rolcaso this sum of
# .0,000 , but I have no power to demand or
accept sui'h a rulcasc , and such an agree
ment would bo without consideration anil
void.
1 desire further to call the attention nf
congress lo the fact that the recent ngre-u-
mcnl concluded with the Kiowas and Co-
inanchcH relates to lands which wcro a part
of the "leaeed district , " and lo which thu
claim of thoChoctaws and Chlckasuws U
preferred. The surplus land to which ihi
claim would attach in the Klowa and Co-
inancho reservations 13 8WXOtX ) ) acres , ami
at thu seine raio the government will be
called upun to pay to the Choctaws and
Chlckasuws for these lanela Wri.lXK ) . This
sum will bo further augmented , especially if
the title of the Indians to the tract , now
ijrler county , Texas , is established. The
duty devolved upon mo in this connection
was simply to pass upon 'tho form of Iho
dc d ; but as In my opinion Iho facts men
tioned In mi spcclul mcssago wcro not ade
quately brought to thoattimtlonof congress
In connection with the legislation I have foil
that I Mould not bo justified In noting with
out sumo new expression of Iho le-glalativo
' ( ircul AVork of t Jin reunion Olllcc ,
The report of the commissioner of pensions ,
to which extended notice is given by thi > sou-
rotary of tuo interior iu his report , wilt at
traet. prent attention. Judged hv the aggregate -
gate amount of work done , the last vear has
been the greatest In the history of tlio ofileo.
1 bollovo thai the organisation of the ofllco
Is efficient and that the work has been done
with fidelity. The passage of what Is known
as the disability act has , as was foreseen
very largely increased Hie annual disbursements -
ments to the disabled veterans of the civil
war. The estimate for this fiscal year was
frllt.U'ioMXM , and that amount was npproprl ,
ated. A deficiency amounting to $ UiO.VU'Jl
must be provided for at this session The
estimates for pensions for the fiscal year
endInc.luno ! ! 0 , IMM. is JIGT > ,0 < XMXX ) . 'Thu
commissioner of tensions believes that If the
present legislation and methods are main-
tallied , and further additions to the illusions
nit1 not made , the maximum expi mllturo for
pensions will bo reached June ; . IS'.u , and
will boat the highest point , fiss ,000.000 per
annum.
Soldlt-M Mint He Curi-il Tor.
1 adhere to the views expressed In pro *
vloiis messages that the care of the disabled
Mildieisof the warof the rebellion Is a mat
ter nf national concern and duty. Perhaps
no einotloH cools sooner than that nf grati
tude , but I cannot believe that this process
has vet reached a | > olut with our people that
would sustain the policy of remitting thu
oaie of these disabled veterans to the Inade
quate age-tides provided hv local laws Thu
parade on Ihe ' 'Olh of September lust upon
the streets of this capital of HrtMXXl of the
surviving union veterans of the war of the
rebellion was a most touching and thrilling
episode , and the rich nnd gt-.u inus welcome
extended to them by the District of
Columbia and the applause that
greeted their progress from lens of
thousands of people trom all the states
did much to revive the rcceiUoetio.iis of tlio
grand review , when these men an-l many
thousand others now in their gris ; were
welcomed with grateful joy as victors in thu
struggle iu which the national unity , honor
and wealth wore at issue1.
fidon I'nellle Drlit.
In my last annual message I called atten
tion to the fact thai some executive action
was necessary In order to protect the in
terests of the goveinment in ils relation
with the Union Pacific railway. The com
missioner of railroads has submitted a very
full report , ( living exact information us to
the debt , the liens upon the company's
property and Its resources. We must deal
with Iho question as we find it and take that
course which will , under existing conditions ,
best secure the the interests of the United
States. 1 recommended in my lasl annual
nu-ssago that a commission bo appointed to
deal with this question and I renew that
recommendation and suggest thai the com
mission bci-'ivon full power.
Kt.'SK'S WOMMilcriUVO UK.
( Si-ent ( ionil Aci-nnipllHlii-d by tlio Si-ei-oliiry
of Agriculture.
The report of the secretary of agriculture
contains not only a meisl interesting state
ment of the progressive and valuable work
done under the admlnistratlot. of Secretary
Rusk , but ninnv suggestions for the enlarged
usefulness of ibis imiMirlant department In
the suevossful effort to bretak down the re-
strictiuns to Iho free introduction of our
moat products in the countries
nf Europe , the secretary bus been
untiring from iho first , stlmu
Inting and aiding all other government
olliclals at homo and abroad whose oflli-'a'
duties enabled them to participate in the
work. The total trade in hog products with
Kurono in May , IS'.KJ. amounted to S2.000.00l )
pounds , against -lilH)0,000 ( , ) pounds m
the sumo month of 1S)1 ! ) ; in June ,
IVJ2 , Iho exports aggregated Ki,000OOU
pounds , against -Hi.OOO.OOO pounds in
the same month of the previous year ; in
July there was an Increase ofII per cent
and in August of fiTi per cent over the corresponding
spending months of Ib'.ll. Over -10,000,000
pounds of inspected pork have been exported
since the law was put into operation , and
a comparison of the four months of
May , Juno , July and August , is'.y ' ,
with the same months of IH'.M shows an in
crease in Ihc number of pounds of our ex
port of pork products of. ( iU per cent , and an
increase of value of ( id1.j per cent The experts
ports of dressed beef increase1 ! ! from 11)7,000 ) , .
000 pounds iu 1SV.I to L0.M0.000 ! : ! pounds in
lh'J2. ' or about 00 percent. During the past
, \ear there have been exported MilJOT ( head
of cattle , against ' 'Ori.iNi head exported in
Ibsu. This increased exportation has been
largely promoted by the inspection author-
i/ed by law and tlio faithful efforts of the
set-rotary and his ollioial subordinates to
make that inspection thorough and lo care
fully exclude from all cargoes diseased or
suspeclod cattle.
Killed 1)1 ] ' rii-nrii-riiiMiinnnla.
The requirement of Iho English rcfruln
lions that live cattle arriving from IV
United States must be slaughtered at the
docks had its origin in the claim that pleuro
pneumonia existed amour Amirican
cattle and the existi K , e of the
disease e-ould only ccrtiiinl.y be ele-
turmincd by a post mortem pcclleiu
The Department of Agriculture hns labored
with great energy and faithfulness to e'xtir-
palo this disease- , and on the 'iUtii day of
September lasl a public annonnccm , it was
made by tlio secretary , of tin- disease Ihal it
no longer exisled williin the I'nited Slales ,
IIo is entirely satislle-d , after the most
searching inquiry , that this st.ilo-
mem was jusliliod and that b.s a con
tinuanci.1 of the inspect ion .mil ijuar
antlno now required of e-att1 brought
Into Ibis country the dlseaso can hi I re-
vented from again getting any f.ioihulil Tim
value to thi" cattle industry of this : ieliie-vo-
incut can hardly bo estimaled. We i aunot ,
perhaps , al once insist that Iho mlilencc
shall bo aecepte-d as satisfactory b.v other
countries , hut if the present exempt ion from
Ihe disease is maintained and the Inspection
of our entile arriving at loivl'/n povis. fa
which are own veterinarians piirtlriptte ; ,
confirms II , wu may justly expect that tlio
requirement that our entile shall bo
slaughtered at the docks will be n uike'd aa
the sanitary restrictions onourporlt product u
liavii iiec'ii. If our cattle e-an in- taken , ili\o iu
llioinlunor thu trade will be enormously In
creased.
Im-iTiiM-d Agricultural HxpnrlM.
Agricultural products constilmo 71 I pei
cent of our unpivciHluntod oxporl.s for the )
fiscal year , which closed June : ki. K > J , thJ
lotal expurls being $ laiysroi. ( : ! ( and iho
value of lliu agricultural prod in it * T'.i. > .717
Gill , which exceeds h.\ more than ? r.il.OI0.Kj ] ( )
the shipment nf agricultural produ't. . 'n ' anj
previous year.
An interesting and a prom'Mn ' ; . ' orlc for
thu benefit id' the American I nner hns
begun through agents of tinV'm ultnrai
departmenl In Europe and com , . , - , u uffurln
to introduce iho various pruiluctn of
Indian corn as articles nf li 1,1 , .u food
The high prlro of rjo offered a lavi-rablo
opportunity for tliu oxiierime-nl in di-miany1
of combining corn meal with I-VI-IH tutidacou
oheiap bread. A fair di-t-n-e of
success has been attained and soinu
mills fur grinding corn lor food lmv < - been
| UDN'll.SUiilON : Tlllllll I'Alllt I
Mr. Josrjih , llcmmcr\ch \
An old ttoliliKi. came out of the AVa >
enfeebled by TI i li M i' < vr , uii'l ' ivlw
la vailous hoH'lUdf ' tliu doctors ilue-iiane-il ; film
M liicnralilo with 'ou iiiiiiiion. Ho hii ;
been In poor health since , until ho began to tuko
Hood's Sarsaparilla
Immediately his cough grew looser ,
uwcats ccasi-d , and ho i reamed S'"l K I > 1
health. Ho cordially recommends IIooil's fiar-
gaparllla , especially tocomraile-K m tlio < 3. A. It.
HOOD'8 PlULB cure Habitual ConitUiallonbj
teitorlUK iwrUUHlc wJlloni'I tUe nllmcutatcan1
er
m-i
rmj
ss ;
nk
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