I I
PART TWO. HE OMAHA PKGES 9 TO IB ,
T W ENTY-SEC 'ON D Y WAR. OMAHA , SUNDAY , MORNING JUkY 10 , 1S92-SIXTEEN VAC1ES. JS'UMUER 22.
OF PRIME BISMARCK
frank Oarpontjr , Enrouto to Russia ) Attends
a Picnio at Friedriclisruhc.
THE IRON CHANCELLOR AT SEVENTY-SEVEN
Accepts Beauty's ' Homaga Like an Ameri
can Deacon at a Ohurch Outing.
PLAIN SIMPLICITY OF DRESS AND MANNER
Pen-Picture of the Great Statesman's '
Favcrito Homo Near Hamburg.
DAILY LIFE OF THE MAN OF BLOOD AND IRON
Count Itcrhrrt und Ills \VI1 > Ttio Trnu von
Bismarck , " \\hoMjuln mo Wlinl I Am"
rc tuct .Spvclinun of tin * Itust
Tjic utlicrmnii Wife.
HAMHUHO , June 28. [ Special Correspond-
oncoto TUB Hnu. | Tills is my second day In
Europe , and I have already had n good op-
porlunlly lo sco somelblng of the greatest of
Kuropcan statesmen. Prince Otto von His-
ir.arclc has a vasl Dilate within half an hour's
ride by train from Hamburg , and ho travo a
reception In ono of the most beautiful groves
of his vnsl foresls yesterday to n colebraled
club of Hamburg. There wiu a dinner under
the trees , and the nITair was moro like an
American picnic than a formal feast. Tlioro
were' speeches and leasts in Uismnrck's
l.onor , and the prlnco nnd all of his family
were present and mitod with the people
with nn entire absence of conventionality.
1'rinco Itlsmarck chatted and laughed and
mu'Jo Jokes wllh Iho ladion and gentlemen
present. Homovod about among thorn with
tils big IOK'B ! ticsido him , took llowcrs
from the ladies and pinned Ihcm
Into his buttonhole , and acted , in
short , like ono of our rountrv deacons at a
church picnic. Ho seemed to ho perfectly
happy and he shows no signs of any trouble
or sorrow over tils change of life. The people -
plo nl the picnic wore his friends and wor
shipers , anil among iho fealurcs of Ibo cele
bration was tbo rnisintr , at llio close of a
ROtig , out of n cr.ivo hidden by branches a
pignulic sluluo of Hlsmarck In Iho full armor
of his rnnk as an olllcer. This was done by
about n scoio of men dressed for all Iho
world line iho dwarfs which Rip Van Winkle
on\v during his Iwonly Boars' sleep on Iho
mountain. These men had long white boards
und Ihcv were brown quulnlly cut coals nnd
-woodmen's huts. The grave was on n small
bill and the slutuo tnwurcd up among Ihe
trees , nnd wlion 11 was raised these llllle
woodmen inrew Ihemsolves down around
its feet , making n scuno winch was plc-
lurcsiiuu In llio ex t re mo. As it stood up
right u mcmucr of iho club paid n high
tribute to Illsmarcu , to whom the whole was
n surpiiso , and tlio patty cheered. Prince
liismarcK umdc a witty and pleasant
i espouse , unil as he din so about lifty of the
Iiiclllcst girls of Hamburg went up to the
Btntuo and threw themselves down on tbo
ground about it , mnKI'igas U werj n picture
of bcauiy worshiping fume. DUmarck
then wnlkod up lo tlioso ladies nnd talked to
them , and the two hours whieh ho spent
with the pirtv was of u similar character.
1 came to Fiiedrlchstubu In tbe morning
and spent the forenoon In wandering ubout
through the bonuliful foicsts , which make
up n great part of the estate , nud at the sug-
pestion of tno prince's prlvalo secretary nl-
lendcd the picnic reception. I had nn oppor
tunity to hli.iuo bunds with 1'rincj Bismarck
nnd to have a short talk with him. I met
many of his friends mid through ihom and
the events of the day learned much that Is
now concerning llio prince and his life since
ho gave up his cbancullorsblpof Iho German
empire nnd became n private citizen. His
whole family , including Hie ( Jountoss Hoyns ,
thu nnianced brldo of Count Herbert von Bis
marck , wcro present , und thonlTnlr was most
charming ID Us nnconvonlionulily , friendli
ness and simplicity.
lllxnmrrlc lit So\niit.v-fii < > n ,
But lot me toll you hqw Prlnco Bismarck
looks at 77 yeuts of 111:0 : , Ho Is us Dig as any
man i on have ever scon , and ho stands ( ! feel
21n his stockings. Ho is as slralght us llio
mighty oaks which stand by the lens of thou
sands in nls foroslH , und his shoulders uro
broad and full. His frame is that of a giant ,
but bo keeps it from fat by ca-eful living ,
nnd his weight rangrs from ISO to'00 pounds.
The head of Prince Bismarck Is ono of the
most striking I have over seen , nud his face ,
us 1 saw It , has a fur dllTrrcnt expression
fiom Unit seen in his pictures. Theruscomod
to me an entire absence of stcrnnoss abaullt ,
nud his blue eyes uero kind nnd smiling.
Thov are said lo Hush tire , however , wnou
Bismarck grows angrv , unit ho can Ud the
very porsonllicnllon of winth. 1'ilnco Uls-
murck's head is fully as largo us
was ihat of UnnielVubsler. . It is
rut her rounder than that scon in
Webster's best portraits , but it shows
inure tlinn Webster's slrength of character.
The foiehead is broad and lull nnd Iho top of
the head , lu can bo seen from Us baldness , is
one of charncleristlo humps , such as would
delight n phrcnologisl. Bismaick's lialrron-
bists of a HUD frlngo , which runs from lilch
nbovo his largo ears around Ibis whtlo oasis
of bnldncsH , ll Is now ns white us snow and
the heavy mustache , uhlch shows m-omi-
nuiiily out from under Ills Ir.rgo and full
nose , Is of frosted silver , with n yellowish
tinge dlreutl.v under the nose. One of Iho
most slriklnir featuios of his face Is his ove-
uiows.Tlioso are very honvy and they stand
out over his full ntuul blue eyes like silver
lirlsilc/i. His eyes are rather fat nnd tno
llesh under thoni pulls out slightly , though
not so much ns you see lu llio fuco of Hocro-
tnry llliilno. His chin is long nnd full and
nlu'ost double , and ho has a way of clearing
his Ihrout us lie talus aud of moving his huud
back and forth In emphmls of
Ills words. Ho articulates distinctly and
Ills tones are bv no menus un-
ploiitant. He dors not , yuu know , bclioro
inui'h m oratory , and bethinks that eloquent
puollo spoakcrH nro moro of nn ovll limn a
good , llo once compared 01 ators to dudes ,
who wonr shoes toosnmll for them mid spend
thuir tlmo in stinking out their feet to bo
looked nt. His manner ot spunking is mura
like that nf our bust after-dinner orators , nnd
lie uses Iho simple conversational style , sayIng -
Ing tlio mnit striking things In u most strik
ing way u lib llttlu apparent emotion. Ho
talus In the same toiiu In private conversa
tion , and ho is said to bo ono of the most en
tertaining lalKurs in Huropo. Ho has no airs
of either tnno or language , und ho made
everyone fuel perfectly nl homo. Ho Is too
pleal u man to bo snobbish and 1 was not
turprUcd nt his great simplicity of manner.
I'd u co Dlstauick dresses us simply a > ho
talks. Ho woiu yesterday a long double-
brcuniod froiik coat buttoned \\ell up over
tils broad chnst , und n pair of dark panta
loons. Around his nock u wlilto uecktlo-llko
lock Mhuno out above n whllo sbirtlind upon
his head n holt uilto , felt hut with a brim us
broad at lmt of tlio sombrero which Don
lluiler lived to wear. During the aKernoon
bo took In * hat olT many times and , each time
crushed lidlltoiontly In putting It on. Sometimes -
times the wide rim was turned up ut the
ide , nifiiln It came down over hit oyei nud
now U turned up ut tno bank or tbo crown
was pressed out or In. He had a long cuno
In his hand und during u part of thu day nut
leaning his hundi upon this an lie talked ,
llt'ibort anil lilt llrlilo.
Prlnco lllimarck U apparently In the best
of lioaltu. lo Uoei uot look to bo wlthlu ten
years of nls present ace , and when 1 asked
him as to his health during the few words I
had with him ho pointed to the tnblo upon
which wcro the wines and the rcmnlns of
food of which ho had bountifully partaken ,
nnd asked mo whothur.hls dinner looked Ilko
Umt of u sick man. Ho referred lo my own
loannuss , which is characteristically Ameri
can , nnd spoke kindly of America and his
German friends there. He 1 , you know ,
very friendly to America , nnd during the
late" war II was largely duo to his Inlluonco
that Germany sympathised with the north
and thounlon Tno occasion nnd the arrival
nt this time of his prospective daugh'.or-ln-
law , the Countess Hoyns , prevcnled my
havlr.K an extended Interview wltti him nt
this tlmo , though I hope to secure thU later ,
when I return to Uornmny from Russia.
The llttlo tnblo at which the Bismarck fam
ily sat at this picnic under the trees was
nbout four feet wide and perhaps twelve feet
long. It was covered with a wuita cloth ,
nnd the souls wcro chairs knocked up out of
plccos of split beech wood of about the sUe
of si Irks of cord wood , nnd these worn deco
rated wltn grren branches. Count Herbert
von Bismarck sat beside his llancce , Iho
Counloss Hoyns , at ono end of the table , the
only oihor person nt this end being the
wife of Prlnco Bismarck. The count Us
nearly as tall n man ns Is his father. Ho
Is about forty years of azo and he bus a big
frame and broad shoulders. His face Is n
strong one. and ho Is s.ildto bonmanof gient
ability. Helms been rather a wild youngfol-
low In tlmo p ist , but ho devoted himself dur
ing the dinner very ntteullvelv to his sweet-
hoait , and the Countess Hoyas is ono of the
most beautiful women 1 have over seen. She
Is about live foot eight Inches In height nnd
her form Is slender , but not angular. She
has very proltv blue eye , rosy plump
cheeks , lind she looks like a bright , commonsense -
sense gill. She were yeslcrdav a plain
uhitu und red lawn gown and her only
Jewelry was n pair of very small gold hoop
earrings , blio Is only about half as old as
Count Herbert , but the two will make a line
looking husband and isifc. The Countess
Hoyas Is iho daughter of n wealthy Austrian
count bv nn English mother. She looks
moro like nn English woman than a German
one , but she seems lo bo thoroughly in
sympathy with Germany and the Germans ,
Her family is wealthy and the Whlli'head
torpedo works belong to them.
A l.rxilc .it Prim MIII Illtnuirclc.
I was much Interested In seeing Princess
von Bismarck , the wife of the great states
man , and as I looked nt her my mind went
back to her romantic irnrriugo when she vuis
r.s young ns Iho boauliful countess who sat
besldo her , and was , 1 venture , fully ns
beautiful. You must remember the story.
She was the diiughlerof the sober , well-to-do
Ilerr von Puttkamor , who owned' an cstnto
uot very distant from that on which Bis
marck lived before ho became n public man.
He was at this lime a wild young follow , and
wus unown generallv to the neoplo of his
section us the "Mad Blsmaick" nnd also ns
"Devil von Bismarck , " and tiis carouses and
acllons woiu iho lulk of thu section , lie
mot Fraulein von Puttkamer nnd It wa * a.
case of love at lirst sighl on bolh side * , and
shortly after Ibis , much to ( ho terror of Hurr
von Putlkamor , he demanded his daughlcr's
hand In inarnaeo. Ho pushed his
suit in such n xvay ihal Uio
old gentleman had lo give In , and tlio
marrlago took place. Bismarck Is nearly ton
years older than his wife , and he was then
thirty-one. It Is now nearly forty-live years
siiico'their wedding , and their married life is
said to have been n singularly bnppv ono
Bismarck turned ever a now loaf shortly
after his marriage , and ho became studious
and thoughtful. Ha soon got into politic }
and from Ihat time on lie made a mm of him
self and shortly lose to bo ono ot the leadiug
figures in llio diplomatic circles of Kurone.
His wlfo kept pace with him , nnd once in
Bpoanlngot her he said : "Sho it was who
made mo what I am. " Princes * von Bis
marck is said to be u perfnct. speduicn ot Iho
besi tvpo of iho German wife. She has nil
tier lifo devoted herself to her husband and
her children , and in her sixlies she is still a
line looking woman. She is Mil ar.il dark nnd
her fuco is a kind and molherlv one. Her
hair Is now u dark iron-gray nnd her oyoi are
dark und smiling. She was very popular
\vilhtho.iounggiris of Ibo picnic , und I
nolod that many of them hovered about her
chair nnd laughed und chatlad with her dur
ing Iho afternoon.
lll-iiiKilok'K Ksliito ut rrlcilrlclisriihc.
I wlrli I could give you n stereopUcon
view ol Prince Bismarck's estate heie. Ho
Una n big house on Wilticlmstrnsso in Bzrlln ,
and bis other homes at Vnrzln and Schocn-
hauiion are said to up very line , but of them
all ho prafor-it'riBdricturuho , and ills proba-
uble that the most of llio remainder of his
life will bo spent heio. It is lltllu wonder
Ihutiti'iso. Thrro ore few liner posses
sions in the world than this. The old um-
peror , you will lomember , made him a pres
ent ol it al Ibe uloso of Iho Franco-Prussian
war. It comprises in all nearly -0,000 acres ,
nnd I inn told thai Bismarck has been adding
lo ibis by buying new lands from time in
lime. The mosl of thcso n.any square miles
of land is covered with virgin forest trees.
The ground is rolling nnd a deep stream
winds its way IM uud out through Iho forest.
It is only about fifteen mlles from tno city
of Hamburg , and If you will Imagine -0,000
acres witliin lyrif an hour's railroad riau of
Boston or St. Louis , you will got some Idea
of its value. Did it belong lo an American
stnto-imun Its magnificent trees
would have long slnco been rut
up Into kindling wood aud us villa silos It
would bo raising Ihe crops of "for sale"
signs which you lind within half an hour's
rldo of ull our big cities. They do things
bi'ltcr in Ciormany. Trees nro not cut down
hero without other trees bolng planted to
InUo their places , and this vast forest will
probably remain hero for generations lo
come.
Prince Bismarck is a greatlovor of nature.
Ho likes to take walks through tiis woods ,
and lie knows avcrr trco and keeps track of
liU Umber. Ho has n planing mill not far
ftom his house , but no treasure out whore
they will bo missed , and I found in going
tliiough the forest that there wcro many
nurseries and that young trees wcro regu
larly prawn. The umounl of limber in the
forest 1s accurately known , and a scicnlille
measurement was laloly lakim of every Ireo
anil Its ruble feet of lumber calculated. Per
haps u do/en men do nothing else than tike
care of Iho foresls. There is n head foreslor ,
and ha has hi ) nsslslaiils , nnd Iheso men
were proicut nl Iho picnic youurduy. Thov
were a livery of preen clolh trimmed with
velvet , whioh made ma think of Robin Hood
and bin band , und the protly wives of Iwo of
thorn were the short skirts und iho
queer headdresses of the peasant women
nbout this part of Gormunv. Thu breasts of
their iliessos sparkled with gold or gold-
plated buoklo-i made of dinks us big nround
us tin cups , nnd on the bucks of their
bends , showing out from under iholr huts ,
for nil Ibo world like Inverted sowing
baskets , were great buttcrtlv bows ot some
stitT black material , which stood out from
the head fully a foot on each sldo. The for
esters have the nnlinala of the woods to tuko
care of in addition to the trees. There nro n
largo number of deer und wild boar In the
forests , ni.d llio venison for the tabla of
Prince Bismarck is supplied from them. Tha
birds of ttio uoods nro also carefully encour-
ugcd nnd protected , nnd in going along n
winding nnd romnntlo road through a part of
the estate I noted that the trcea lud boxes
the sUe of n cigar box , save that they were
about twlco us thick , nailed up among their
branches , nnd that each of these boxes hud
a lltllo round hole In Its sldo for thu birds to
go in , uud I counted hundreds of those nest
ing plllCOJ.
HUmiirrU in u rnniii > r.
In other purls of the estate 1 found largo
fields uti'Jor cultivation nnd all kinds of
farming going on , Prlnco Bismarck U a
good farmer , and I don't bellovo thnt Ills
buttermilk is like thai of Senator Kvurts ,
ubout which when lie olToi * to his guests ho
says ; "Which will you have , gentlemen ,
chuiupngtio or buttermilk I I bavo tlgurod It
up and they both cost mo about tuu sumo
price. "
Prlnco Bismarck rides or walks ever n
Inrgu purl of his estate every day. He has n
great deal of farming gcilug on at vnr/ln nnd
at Schoeubuusen , and ho has teparts from
llioso estates regularly. He has some line
Lorsos at these places nnd be raises all varie
ties of crop * Hu Is a scluntltlo tanner , and
ho underx.Mids what should bo done to get
thu most out of the toil , und docs It. lie
has , I am told , uuout ' . ' 00 men lo take oaio of
bis place hero , but this. I supponc. include *
his tuilli tu ucil & hU larmi and till tiousa
servants. The whole of iho country about
Kriodrlehsrubo seems to boloncr to him , ar.d
the postofllco which is hero Is mainly for him
nnd his servants. In fiontot bis homo , and
within n slono's throw almost of 11 , there is
n restaurant which ho rents to n landlord
who has n beer garden under the trees , nnd 1
got n glass of beer hero and u lunch during
my stny.
I have Intentionally loft the homo of
Prince HlsmarcK until the last of my letter.
I want to toll you how ho lives nnd some
thing nbout his habits. His house U by no
mcuns n grand ono. There nro mnnv In overv
big American city which nro liner. It Is a
plain , two-story building with many gabion
and with many long , narrow windows which
glvo beautiful views. The house Is of brick
covered wilh stucco. It U pimtcil yellow ,
and n flag usually Hauls frootn Its roof ,
There are IhgstnfTs nl both sides of the
\\rought-lrongatoloadingbytho brick per
ter's lodtrc going into it , and Irom these the
German colors wnvod In the broora. The
rooms of the house nro nil vorv largo and the
ceilings are high. Most of the npirtniQiits
nro plainly furnished , nnd ono of Iho largest
Is the study of the prince , which is on the
ground lloo'r looking out upon thu lawn. The
house Is \\ltlithoprosonlswtilch Prlnoo
Bismarck receives from all parls of Ibo
world. Ho lin-i ft lands everywhere In Ger
many , nnc < n great pirt of his furniture nnd
curios have boon presented lo him. This Is
also thn fact as lo his table and his wines. I
am told thai ho is constantly receiving some
thing In this wav , nnd us nn instance of his
popularity Ihcso gifts are s ml to have been
more slnco his rotiioinont thun beforo.
lilt in irt'ic'A Dally I.He.
But lot tno toll you something nbout his
habits hero at Frlcdrichsruho. They are
singularly simple now , considering the creat-
ness of his past. He takes moro care of
himself , I am told , as ho grows older nnd
sloops later in the morning. His rising hour
Is bolwncu 0tO : : and 10 o'clock , and ho has a
cup of slrong , black coffee , seine rolls nnd
eggs when ho gels up. Ho reads iho inorn-
liif ! papers as ho outs and aflerwaids looks
ever such of his mail as his private secretary
hai rcadv for him. His second oraiikfust Is
taken nuout HtllJ , and this usually consists
of n small steak or n chop with a boillo of
light Rhino wine. A'tor this breakfast nt
about I'Jj.'ii ) ho starts out for n walk nnd ho
spends n half an hour in wandciing or rather
strolling about his cslato , Uuriiig Ibis walk
he oflcn drops in nt the restaurant nnd
drinks n glass of beer , aud somalimo > , so I
was told nt tno restaurant , takes n second
glass in his hand and carries u homo with
him. In his walks , and nt all
times in fact , ha is uccompinicd
by his dogs Taeso nro iwo largo
Danish hounds , so tall that they would roach
lo the height of tha waist of an ordinary
man. They are very dark iron-gray Incoloc
nnd thov were with him at Iho foust yester
day. Ono is named Uobacca and Iho o'hor
answers to Tyrns , and Ibis was , I am lold ,
a present from Iho present emperor to Bis
marck. Both arn bc.iutlful animals and lhr y
are remaruablo for their devotion lo their
master. They are splendid watchdogs und
the man who would dura to touch Bismarck
in their presence would po drairpo.l down in
an instant and most probublv killed. They
are with him , as I have Raid , r.ll the time.
They sleep in his room at night , sit beside
him In his study ns ho works nnd go wllh him
when he goo ? abroad cither on foot or in
his carriage.
Afler llnUblne his walk Pilnco Bismarck
returns tu his study and takes up his work
for the duy. I asicod nis private secretary ns
to his boon of memoirs , which ho is said to
bo preparing , but could fet no iiilormalion
concouung them. Them seems lo be no
doubt , lion-over , but thai ho is putting this
mutter in band as fust as ho can , and though
ho mav not dictate Iho matter or write it
himself it will bo in good shupo for his
biographer and will contain n wonderful
amount of unwritten history. Prince Bis
marck's private lotlers and papers show that
ho is n most cntcrtuinin ? writer , nnd his coi-
leulion of lollors must bo ono of the largest
unil mosl valuable of any in Ihe world todav.
During a parl of his working hours Prince
Bismarck smokes. Ho likoj n pipe nnd smoker
n medium grade lobaci-o Ho finishes his
work at about o'clock nnd 'ben gees out fern
n drive rctuniinir nt ubout OMO for dinner.
His dinner i-i at 7 p. m. , and there are usually
a number of guests present. The prince is
noted for his hopitalltv and uNo for his
tablo. llo Ims a good cook and his larder is
supplied from his variom estates , by his
friends and bv the markets ot Himburg and
Berlin. His game comes almost nllogcihcr
from lit ! ! own estates and sneh deer as be
uses must always bo of n certain ago , and
there is no such thing at Friu'lrichsruho as n
lealhor sleak or tough venison. The meals
are , of course , served after Iho European
table d'ho'u fashion aud all of tbe dinners
are full dress atlairs.
. CvinTxrcn.
. / / . > T.S
Holland has women railroad switchmen.
Doumiuu has nn old maids' insurant com
pany.
Ono hundred typewriters are manufactured
daily.
Russians nro colonizing the arid counties
of western Kansas.
Sovcn-elghlhs of the bread used in London
Is made of American wheat.
More than SIOT.OOJ was received bv Maine
shoe-peg factories lastyear for goo'ts.
Austiia-Hungnrlan millers have to pay
moro for wheat than the Hour from It will
bring.
A steel rail , of the Kind used on railways ,
lasts , with average wear , abjul eighteen
years.
Forty-four families in a town in Kansis
have ull lliclr food prepared by aco-operalive
cooking club.
The total nurnbt-r of wntclns made annually
throughout the world represents a value of
$ I S3.000,003.
Pennsylvania's woolen mills have n capital
of $ ) liM , ( t.OJJ. turn out SJJ.OJJ.OJJ of product ,
und omplov 55OOJ haudi ,
Thcro uro no great woolen factories In
Egypt , but looms are scatletvd in small num
ber ; over the whole country.
Waterproof cellulose papur of ono nnd two
colors is being introduced by n German firm
for table UotliH , book backs , otu ,
The grois earnings of Iho chief railroads
of Iho country , ns presented bv ' Bradstreol's ,
were nboul ? .ir,0)0,000 ) during'May. lb' ' ) . ' .
Throe patents on electric locomotives nnd
electric railway systems , applications for
which have been tiled slnco Juno M , 1SSO , bavo
Just boon Issued In Thomas A. dison.
A project has been sot on foot for the open
ing of the linen weaving industry in Kil
kenny , Ireland. A house has boon orcclcd
by the Roman Catholic bishop of Ossory.
A recent test of brick made bv the drv
clay process ut Wutortown arsocnl , accord
ing to Paving , showed an average com-
prosslvo strength of 3,0 * . ! pounds par square
inch.
inch.Over
Over 70,000,000 sowing noeulou ate made
weekly In the town of Rodditch lu Worces
tershire , 12'iglnnd , wlicro tlio most oxtenslvo
needle manufactories in the world are
situated.
A new Industry has been invented by n
clever girl. She culls hor-telf an accountant
und auditor for largo housonolds. She llmls
plenty of employment In looulng nflor iho
business of u few families of large expondl-
IUIT , whoso heads hnvo no tusto for'.Uo work.
Tin , Winning * ul u Voting Ilimknrilinr.
Probably the big-g'otit winner unCnrla >
biul yontoiiliiv. wij'B the Chicago II u-nld ,
was Arthur \Vliito , the voun est book
maker nt the tr.iclv. Wlilto clout-oil ever
$11.000 , winning on the raco. bucking
the hoi-Bo on the outside , and holding
him out in his book. Whlto , who is only
UO years of iijo } , came to C'liioago about a
jour ajfo with * 700. llo h id a success
ful bonbon at Gat-Hold i'ark , and rotlrod
with $13,000 to his frodit. This
Rpriiitf ho started out badly nnd found
himself reduced to $1,000. A turn of
luck brought him t > omo inonov and lie
purchased the California sprinter Tim
Murphy , llo won a peed deal of money
with him and wont to Washington 1'ark.
Whlto fancied Carlsbad land placed
$1,000 on him in ton boU of SlOOoaeh. at
10 to 1 In addition to this lie held him
out in Ills book and made over $1,000 on
tlio race In that way , clearing alto-
frothor somothlnif ever $ H,0X ( ) on the
Derby.
ROUND ABOUT PENZANCE
How the Pilchard Shoils Ara Brought to
Shore t-St. Ivo3.
BRAWNY FISHWIVES AND THEIR PRANKS
"U'lpliiKtho Shoo" ilbd the 1'oirilty of Ol ) .
liituni'ss SI. Mlrh fcl' 11 i.v unit .Mount
Unrlous Silbmm-ino 'lliiiroii hlitro
Tu Cor limit I.
PrAzvxcn , Cornwall , Kiic. , July 'J. [ Cor
respondence of T itu'IlHK. ) Before leaving
tlio nnclcnt Cornish suaport ot St. Ivos my
friendship wild tlio ( Isherfolicof lha town led
to llio training of much In to roiling informa-
tlon regarding the Inmous pilchard Ushory of
the bay. *
Hofcrcnco was made In my preceding nrtl-
ole to llio coming of the shoala , the character
of the llsh , which Is very similar to the di
minutive Kasinort , Mo. , herrings packed as
sardine } nnd civcn French luticU in that on-
lorprisinj ? Vanltoo port , and llio Romano s.ir-
dlnoot Blscayan water * , vvhllo mention wa ?
miido ol the curious op3iutlous of the Miuor "
or watchers and tha universal cxcitjmout in
St. Ivos when u shoal Is sighted.
Seines rrom 1,003 to'4,000 foot long nro used
for Impounding the shoals. They nro carried
in a largo bo.it called the sulnauo.itrorUod
by troni olglit to ton man with o irs. No sails
are used. The selneaoat Is attonued by two
Fiiuillcr boats called "tcjwboats , " which carry
smaller nuls called thwart or stop not ? , whllo
llu-o towboits are fallowed uv still niiother
tender , roivcd by strong lads , nud uiod for
carrying men between tlio uixor bouts or to
'
and'from the shore , us circumstances may
require.
\Vhen tno watchers'upDn the heights sig
nal the order to shoot , both thn soinsboat
and tnu tlnvartDo.it start Irom tlio Bainu
point. Kroin the former the seint ) is cast
around the flbh on the outside , forming a
Inrso segment of U circle. From the
tlnviirtbo.il the stop rot Is turown , forming
n sort of continuation of the circle , but the
follower ruiuams nt the point of dopirluro to
prevent the ll-.li from passing through the
opening Dotweon the ends of tlio two nets.
( icltlni ; tlio 1'ilcli.ird blin.il Asliurc.
As soon as the sclno is shot tno work ot
tlio "bloivsers" uo ms. Twenty to forty of
thesotako the warn or lirlo ut its shore und ,
attach H to a nu o capstan and begin draw
ing It inshore. At tno satno time anot'ior
line called the lowropo is1 carried from the
opposite extromltv , and with this tlio men in
the solncbout warp the nut inward. The
nuts , with the lish mclosod or potmod in , are
now Drought near enough to laud to bo out
of tldo's way nnd urj s ifolv moorod.
Gathering In or taking up tne II-.h u cilloJ
"tucking.Vhon the tide Is low the soine-
bojt is utlll/cd within the moored suino , and
bus on bo.ird ivh it Is called a "I'ickiiut. ' "
With this tno llsh nrs sconpo t from the
wriggling s ho.il nnd brousht so near tno sur-
lues irut they may bo dipped out of the sea
in a basket. 'lo itload lifter boatload Is thus
taken , until enough nrc sucured to bo han
dled In the curing process Ootwoon ono low
tide and iino'her , lind when the shoals are
largo a week of night and day worn is often
required.
"i'ueklhg" at night ! * ahvays nn interest
ing and often a brilliant iceno in St. Ivo-.1
onvjiho .boats hastoniag to" ud ire , the
oats sparkling wllh phosphorescence at
everv sturdy stroke ; the subilujd yo.
eager activity of thy lishoraion in they
plunga thUir baskets Into the w.ilor to ralso
ut each din a straamiot ( I'llrorlnpr silver ; the
basilc and oxcilo.nent nlonir t'io pier and thu
busy streofi where tno labor uevi'r OJHOS so
long as the shual holds out ; und tlun old St.
Ive-i , hanging like ragged misllotou Irum the
heights noove , with the terrace lights lllio u
llaihlng tiara , are nil worth storing nwnv
among the pleasant pictures of tno memory.
Ye I'l.ij l l ' Uliwl\iM ol M. Iin. .
From Iho boils llio nllchirds are tikcn to
the collars nnd slorbhuuso in "gurries "
Thes3 nro square vessels like open boxes ,
with handles at oauh end. The llsh uro salted
in balk , that Is , thov tire built Into huge | ) iles ,
in alternate layers of 11-th an I suit. Alt this
work is done bv women und eirls who ute
qulto as powerful in all nacasa.iry handling
nnd carrying as the men , aud far moro dex
terous.
Thu llsh are allowed to remain In bulk for
thirty or forty days. , During this tlmo u
vast amount o't "pickla , " and oil drains nway ,
liiidmg its way Into receptacles from which
thu oil ! > Mummed , v Then the llsh urj
wasned perfectly clean lu huge troughs ,
wlion they are put with great ntcuty and log-
ul.ir Invert ) into casks , locally callo 1 "hogs
heads , " of llfn-two gallons each , fhoy are
then subjected to strew piosiuio for a wot'k ,
causing another How of oil. after which they
nro he.uhxi up and uro ready for exportation
to Mcaltorrniie.ni porU.
Thuso b : . Ivos curc-ra nro the wives ,
daughters and sweethearts of tha St. Ivos
11-ihermen , brawny of arm , stout of frame ,
among the cleanest of women ut homo , mid
they got moro pleasure out of their neigh
borly "teas" and thuirVosloyan prayer
nicotines than Is secured out of Miy manner
of diversion bv any other lowly women I
know. Hut cloanllo iheir prayer ineo'ings
they enjoy their rough larks and play , which
nro usually the soulcuof illseomllturo to some
min of thuir own kind who has bean caught
nt some unforgivable paeadlllo , or so ma
"oopstart" stranger whom thov doiirlv
love to "hustle" for uwhtlo und then
treat 10 a bath in the harbor or
within souio conveul'nt vnt of "ploklo" and
oil. Indeed , throughout all Cornwall all
uomon who work ut man's labor in gangs to
gether , llito these St. Ivos iUhonvivos und
thd'bal girls , " or mining pit blow lassos ,
seem to have n panchant for trJiitlng miv
mun who has secured theirdisllkoin so rough
n way that It often nurgw upon brutality.
"Wiping till ) Shoi1. "
Among their immuinurinl customs nuno Is
moio rigidly adhered 'to ' or moio likely to
make trouble to u .supercilious .stranger than
the ono among the St. Ivos fishwives of
"wiping tlio shoo. " If .you by cnanuo step
into one of ttieso huso Jisli curing cellars ,
where from f > 0 to lUJSt. Ivos Itahwomon aio
atvoilc , their sjirilt' clack and clatter
ot voices uro inhtunt'y hushud. Seine
substantially built mldulo aged woman
rulvancL'3 to you and without n word
gives the too nf ono uf your ohoes n
quick wlpo with a bit ot old rag tilled wltti
oil. That l all hero' ' is to "wiping the
shoe , " if you Immediately respond with uUult
cioivn , or ( jvou a shilling1 his is counted
as "paying your rccKonlng" for satisfying
your curiosity , and in * jirocoeds go into n
common fund. If you fpU 'o at once furnish
the gratuity , you nro Buddnnly eurroundud
and roughly "hustloil,1/ / thu muauttmu
coming in contact with rough knuckles und
hard oluows , which ( he > u ( ishwlvoi know
how t } savugolv handle fund you uro corlaln
to ut last lunu in tho'bnv or the moro dhu-
grccablu "plcklo" und oil vnt.
It is pot moio than eight inllos across from
St. Ives1 uay on the north to Mount's bay oil
thi ) south of the CornlBU'poninsular. On the
latter stuuds I'oiuatico , und setting forlii lu
that direction I found that In * ' , beyond St.
K.irth the highways diverged , Hulng lu
doubt as to the right ono , J approached a
group of minors' ootlueex for Inuulry nnd so-
cuicdanotlier illustration , among liundioda
that have coma to my notice In Cornwall , of
the Inorunlcublu suspicion which po scics
the Cornish intellect regarding all thrigi
\\lilcli seem to suvor of InconsUtctioy , us
well as unhcsltutlpi ; hospitality and generos
ity , even when thu object of thu sauid'buums
to the Uornishtnun to bo wholly an un
worthy ono ,
. Minors' lIiMpltitllty.
I spoke to a brawny minor Just ns ho was
lowing tiU cotUtfo to t-iko up hU work In
thi ) mlno wllh the "afianioon corps , " which
goes "bolow grass" nt 'J o'clock , .lulling him
that as I had walked the length of Cornwall
ft01111'lymouth , I wished to reuuti 1'eiuitnco
the fcamo war. nud not by rail from St. Ivos ,
"Awd rat tlia ] Tha cus n't ( cannot ) stulT
tnol" ho ropllud , wltu ueuutno scorn lu his
houost fac' ) .
bad mUtakeu mo/or a tramp ,
and I turned away with n cheery "Cood !
day. " Ho hollowed to mo Instantly :
"If tlm'll wait n bit , mv son , aw'll see If
Jinny ( his wife ) cat ) spire tha a mossol. "
There wa not n "moMol" loft to tat in
"Cousin .lack's" house , as his "crib1' or
ludeh hold the lust " " " "
bag "fagpan" or "p isty ,
but his generosity was not to be defeated.
Ho eon ronppoircd and pressed upon mo n
minor's candlo. putting It in mv pocket with
Ills own roiuh h inds , und sending mo along
the right road to I'oiizutico with maiiv bellowed -
lowed parting words of choer.
This cundlo was a mystery to mo at the
time , but t soon ducjvrruit Its sigiilflcinco
nnd value. Through somnanclont custom or
mining regulation n "corps" of minors Is
compelled each mouth to buv n certain num
ber of pounds of caudles. These are
the bsst quality of caudles known tn Corn-
xvuluml ! all other lowlv folk like toRctthoin.
So the ovorolns Is cirofuilv saved , dlviJod
among the mino"palrdners" mid title < n homo
to the minors' \\lves. who cxwianijo thorn for
trilling luxuries unit nuccisttios at the shops.
Minors' candles are therofnrocurroncy of the
realm , "a cun'is worth of tuy , " clieosc , oggi ,
KUgiir , otu. , having been from timj immemorial -
ial equivalent to a , "ha'potiny'orth" of these
or otuor artlclos in o < cchango.
I't'iiliircH iif I'unrancr.
The traveler will learn that tha pleasure
In visiting l'oi\ranco \ Is to ba found in the ox-
tiaordlnary objects of interest nnd the glori
ous coast sojiiory accessible from tlio town ,
rather than in the place I'.sjlf. ll is birren
ol nutiqulties und historic charm. Thcro
wore once some smugglers hero. Sir Hum
phrey Daw VMIS a native of the pluco. A
comic opera has been written about it. That
is nearly all , bonlu numberless inns and
lodging houses , which you can Und to Inter
est you here.
It Is , however , the metropolis of the Litul's
Kml district ot Cornwall nnd is always rua-
tnng over with toarlstt for whom ttio famous
logan or rocking stone , thu sublime headline
line- , , the hoary parish rliurchrs roundabout.
Urn grand old ecclesiastic antique , St.
Miclmul'fl mount ( which must not uj
confounded nith Mount St. Michael
on the no.1st of Normandy ) , und
I. , nut's 10 nil itself , the .southwestern-
most point in l nglxnd , have an endless
fiisriniuon. O 10 feature of Peiuancj it-elf
is Indic.itivo of the genuine enjoyment of
Kuglish people in sumini'r in then- trips by
comil or In Humbler trips ot vius. In the
ono long , narrow street of the cilv you can ,
on anv summer'.s dav , o.iunt from 10J to'JO )
of these vehicles , whoso oecumnta , us tharo
Is no railway or town of tuy Importance ba-
yond 1'djizanco , uro tairylng hero for ro-
froslitnonfs nnd rest.
Hut Mount's bay lUolf , at the edge of
which rests 1'enz mcu , on almost level ground
behind her bu o bruaknatcr , and fro'ii
which St. Michael's mo nil rises to n very
croat height , with sheer escarpments of
granite on thtPoMdos. aim tlio aim old crig.
crovuied by mais upon mass of medieval
towers , is ono of tin ) mo.b eh inning marina
bits forobjorvution and study in b.uropj.
A Niilini irlno riiiiriiiighruii ) .
The bay is honoiuno shapal , its mouth
oponlirdirectlv to the south upon the
l-.ngli-ili channel , which U at nil limes cov-
er-'U with sailing craft and steamer ? . On
the rirht , or western side , 1-t IV-nz-itice ,
bucked uy far-roachini ; hills , un > 1 straggling
off to the southwest toward the headlands of
Mouseholo und St. Clements. O.i the north
of tlio biy , atlcop in ttio sbimmor of the sum
mer sun , is Mara/ion , a mirHnt for Cornish
tin eontrollou bv the Jews from 1'iJO to U.OOl )
yeirsago. Aroiind t'lls old place cluster
some of the mou carious legjiias of Corn
wall's remote inst
The western boundary of the bav is formed
by one of thu strangest roadways in tbe
world. From the mainland near Mur.i/lon
winds a oubmiiilnc thoroughfare , certainly
submarine at nUh tide , to tlio far grliii
mount within the sea. At low lido it n
hl h and drv nnd a splendid moms of com
munication between the Island nnd the land.
No ono has ever bjon able to solve the mvs-
lory of this singular lo'id ; and whether n
natural phenomenon or m nlc by the hand of
man you can only conjecture" you wend
vour way upon it with the eray old height
looming vaster and more mysterious 0.1 you
approach.
1'Oc'ts have made it their theme ; artists
hive been dcli'tilcd with tlu picturesque
crundour nnd Lcauty of its overhanging
rocks , nnd kings have lought turlously for
i's possession and mastery.
M. .tlluliucl'H Mmmt.
Tlio legend is that St.'Michael , the nrch-
angal , appeared here InI'J.'i. . and in consc-
qucncn of this it was visited by St. Kciin.i ,
ulio founded a religious cstubllslimenl to
oommcmorato tbo event. It is known , however -
over , that n priory of nonedlctlno monks
win placed here by Edward the Confo-sor.
and the mount was exclusively devoted to
religion until the time of Kichard I. Slnco
that time it has bean llio scuno of countless
dofonsoi und captures , captivities and im
murement , valor and treachery. In Kill ) it
came into thu postrssion of the St. Aubyns
of Cornwall , who have continue 1 to beautify
Inls one of the most extraordinary spjts in
thn world.
At tno northern base nro cxtonslvo fortlll-
cations and a village. At the top of the
mount there Is u moro striking collodion of
bullding-i , formed for the purposoof religious
uses , und the stoutest defense in medieval
times to bo found oUawhcroin UroatHritJin.
The guardroom , with Its ancient nunar. is
alouo worthy of n month's study. Warwick
castle cannot boast grander carts. Ttio
chupul , which is tittod up with stalls in tha
manner of a cathedral , and clmpol tower
datcrvc-i to ran it among lha most vunurablo
and stately curiosities In iCuropo. Tha
Chevy Cmisu room , which the old rectory is
noiv called , from the rn.izo of hunting scones
upon its filczo. is a marvelous study In ancient -
ciont onlc carving.
The pra-iont owner of this surpassing mo-
diovnl relic IB Sir John St. Aubvn of Corn
wall , und the royal family nro his guests hf.ru
nearly every year. Hi'duiL. WIKIM\\ : .
inv < ; 1
Vice President Morton has boon elected a
trustuu of Vas ar college.
Miami university has the honor to roiint
among Us alumni the two gontlo'iion whoso
namus will n Dal the republic in ticket.
Huvard receive 1 lust your donations
amounting to fiJO.OJU. and Yale fi.OOJ.OJU.
There is no better Indication of the Inero.iso
of wealth In Ihlscountry Uian the munillcent
gifts that ( ire bestowed upon our institutions
of leuming ,
Mrs. ICmlllo Kompln was roceiittv made n
member of tlio faculty of the University of
/ irlch , ono of the most conservative institu
tions of learning in ICiirop-.i. An honor of
such n kind has novur rrovlo'.nly b ou con-
foncd , it Is said , oa a woiiiin In u Ourinun-
speaking country. Mrs. ICampin Is a gradu
ate of Zurich , wlioro .sh'j ' rjcoived the dou'ivo
of ] j L. I ) . , and has spent several years in
the United States.
Tlio largoit iinlvorjliy In lha world l nt
Cairo. Kgvpt , and has 11,000-studonts. They
como from every part of the Mohummodan
worU , und study mussulmau law , hUtory ,
theology and other bratichos needed to con
firm them in the faith of Mahomot. They
sit nn the lloor of nn enormous court and
study nloud , and tl.o western visitor who
calls on them during study hours might
think ho had atruclc tbo original tower of
Habol.
A gratifying nnnouncomont W.M iniilo by
President , Slocum ut the racunt commencement -
mont uxorclsos of Colorado college tn tlio ef
fect that Ilou. N. 1' . Coburn of Nowtori ,
Mass. , has endowed tlio colloiro with $ r > 0liwi ,
for tbo purpose of erecting u library build
ing. There are ayet no largo libraries In
that part of the country , nnd Mr. Coburn
bus wisely placed hh gift wlioro it is
greatly nocdod uud will do u vast dual of
good.
An examination of recent university cata
logues show * that practically every civlll/ed
nation lu tno world id represented bv stu-
donu now In America , In u single great in
stitution , Uio University of 1'onnsylvuniu ,
there uro students from tweutv-olght foreign
countries. The Mivauoluisutts Institute of
Technology alouo shows students o < olgii-
teen iiatloualilies ; jiovoutuon nro ropre-
uontod in the University of California , lit-
teen in both Harvard und Yule , fourteen at
Cornell und Michigan , ton at Princeton , ulna
at Lohigh and two each In lirown and
\Veslovun.
Una of the lines * object lotsoiu In sanitary
plumblnu In the United States U the now In
stitute of hygiene at the University of I'cnu-
ylv4Dia , TurougUout ttio builalBf the pipes
have been idft outside the walls , and each
piintod n dlsttnutlvo color. Thus n maroon
plpo , wherever found. Is u steam pipe ; red
nlivnvs donotoi hot w.itor , blue stands for
cold wntor , whlto means IMS and yellow
-shows il ram .IRQ. This mikes it possible lo
tr.ico each system in nil Its brniirhoj and
teat it nt will , from tbo cellar to the roof.
About ovcrythlnp In thn way of dr.tltiUKO devices -
vices now known Is in the bulldlnc , nnd any
thing put on the m irket will bo given a fair
trial.
.1 ritt.I'KM'.S .S Mf/i" .
HV/ff-ii far The Nimif ilie' | / .
In looking thrunsli my trunk ono eve ,
t tuur.iu tlio iiuiblsli nw.iy ,
I fo.inil a picket iiltt in I lirown
'I u it hii.l lain thi're m.iny day.
Hut I know \vh it the p 10 < iuo hold
An I It in.uli' my lia.ut be it iiilo' | { ,
Itwisjni l n tii > | I\M iv i joi. { tfono b/
Aiuildtlnie "iirlntei's slli-k. "
I sit In tlio dusk with stick In h mil
And p van mi mo norlnsum < .
Of thedays whiMi 1 w.ntila I the leaden tyuas.
Or the tire niliu h md piu < s drove ;
Of tlui d tys uhun I luirnud thu printer's case
And ( Ir-it he.d thu stick In li.iml ,
\\hun I \\or e I for a doilar n I OD c nnd boird
\ \ hlle I learned " "
the "mv of the land.
"T ; m a I'oiintry oftlP. . a country town ,
\ \ hero I lt irnod the printer's trade.
biihseiiiUons | uino iiald In tipples or n aud
it it few doll iisour way striyoil ;
.Jlio news weio llio blrllis , Iho welding and
While the eolumis wore often pieced
\ \ ith labored olTorts t i duinimstr.itu
The virtues of tlfmleeo-ibod.
Hut 1 was thn envied of nil the boys ,
Tor only myself couU stand
At tnu c.isa ami place the typo In line
\ \ lib deft and 'ict.vo hand.
How Isnullun with prlilo when sumo ono ns'cod
I'uslion them lm'twas done.
There was but o'ic person In my world then
And 1 WHS the single one.
Thoyoars rilled by nn 1 n new tiwn crow
0 i the smt | whuu > the villa ( o stojd.
The n ipei 4row. iind nowui ways
V'lopti' I , us lls'ioiild.
I si iv > I with tlie p ipor all those ye irs
1 ntll ninhltlo i isii'tio
And led me tn drop the familiar work ,
I or a wild oh isu after f.ime.
Many a story was formol In lh.it tlok
A .id m inv us id tale .nld ;
51 .ny n story of er.in ? and want ,
I'niscl by i thirst forjjold.
.M in , ' u blrih ltt.typus told of ,
Miny tlio ttoilillius It siivi * .
M inv u slury of tiiojrnur sad , ,
BU.ulierodiir inn I a KI.IVO
It told lena st irlus of wini and > -h.inie ,
C uisi'il liy tlio itrojil of m in ,
t nd oth 'i stories of lee and trust ,
As only the cold types u in.
It li is told the story of Inim in llfo
A lillll tllO IT I 111) tO tllO JT IVO !
Of s > no uh > followed a llfo of sin
And of othois who li led to s ivo.
I wrapped up llio stlok \ \ Ith tender c.iro
An I ii'ai'oi ' ! It iiw ly uulu
Toothers Hi i xaluo Umn | | , but lo mo
I r tie ll for what II h is boon.
It makes me luiiiumherbrightdays In Iho p ist ,
And othui ( { I nl MiL'in iiles thick.
And helps to mala' lUi.tmtho burden of life ,
Thoinsh It's " ' "
only n "printer's stick
. ) . II. / .
"Tlio Original tJriM'iilMrhcr. "
An.ong ibo incluentsof the lilo convontlon
wis the prj > ontatloi of Gjar o .lonoj of Iji
Sille , 111. , as the "original grnjnbic'cjr. "
In 1 Mil-3 Mr. Jones ntlraclod allonlion by
publicly doclirm that the government
should Issue pips. ' momv aid ma'tj It a full
lesal lender. roui > lviolo for til debts , public
uod pnviito. llo continued to preach tins
doctnno for yonis ,
and in lb J was elect
ed n member of ron-
cress , wlicro ' ho ba-
cuno knoivn by Iho
sobrlquej , of "Old
Gioi-nbacks. "
Mr .lono is 78
qilito
walking.
to his co.n.nh tn O n ilia ho had not slept out
of his own bJii for four yo-rs , but ho oocamo
socuthujed ever th' ) prasunt movoraent that
ho decided to attend the convention.
Ironing Is done by electricity.
A Carman inventor bus devised a moans of
pi-educing u liirht superior In strength to
either oil or elci'trlcllv. U Is by means of air
driven Ihroiuh pumieasiono , the latter hav
ing been impre imtoa with ben/.ino.
1'iof. Houston. In his recent Brooklyn nd-
drj-.s , mido lU-o Interesting prophecies on
the future of cteclricltv , namelv That elec
tricity would bo proluced oiitirolv from coal ;
'
tint 'the t > te.im engine would bo entirely re
placed by the olectriu motor : that aerial navi-
gillon w'ould bo olTocted by oloctricitv , nnd
luat clrctriii light would bo produced with
out heat.
During Iho tin veari batwoon 1SSO nnd
1VJJ tno total mileage of telephone wire In
the country increased from : il.iO."i : miles to
! MU , H'J inilos , whllo Ihoniimborof subscribers
rose Irom 4s , 111 lo 'JJT , : ! . " ) ? . The census
bureau export who compiled Iheso llguros
puls tbo number of lelophono convoriatlons
in lsJ at 4rililJ)0) ( ) ) . Tim development of
the lelephone buiinois is altogether unpro-
uodantcd in the history ot Industrial enter
prise ,
It Is not merely nn aggravation , says the
Htston I'raclical Kleciricltr , whet ; n podos-
triun , with plo.ising expectancy , seeks the
sidewalk shaded by great building' ) , lo llnd ,
instead of thu eoolnuss belonging to shade ,
outrushing rolumos of hot ulr through grat
ing and basement window. How much moro
comfortable it would bo for llio occupints
were thu hot furnaces und boller.s allowed to
go tireless through summer , and to grow
oool , cold , It Igid until the latter sort of
weather came again 1 This might bo tircom-
aompllshod by bringing In a cold uleclilo
mo'or or two and u couple of cold wires. II
would not only conduce to ttio bodily com
fort of alt In the vicinity , but bo n prolitablo
change for power users.
A great dunl of interest attaches to the
longevily of inoande uont lamps. There Is u
popular idea that what , Is wanted is a lamp
that will lust forever , but as a matter of fact
llio real desideratum is a lamp that , while
ll lasts , will glvntho utmost light In propor-
lloj lo the current energy applied to it , A
dim lamp burning eternally Is no good to
nnybjdy. Some data bearing on thcso con-
diflons "werj lately made public by Prof. H.
F. Thomas of tlio Ohio state university , nnd ,
though confoasodlv Incomplete , they uro in
teresting. Ho sliowril that the lamps tcslod
grow dim at n stoadv rate , falling oil ' .13 per
cent In SOU hours , to 61 pur cent in ( iUO hours ,
ending ut loss than fi.j per cent in 1'JOO hours ,
As to the time wlion lamps boeamo "dead , "
if the liguro of decease were sol ut M ) per
cent of the Initial candle-power , the lumps
toatcd went ubovo l.OOJ hours on the average ,
nnd some ran up to l.'OO. With tha limit at
75 per cent , ull died at 150 hours , yet one
reads of lamps lusting fi.OUO or U.OuO hours.
I'rof. Tlioums expressed the opinion that
from iho standpoint of the consumer the
uverago lump of today lusted at Us fair value
about 'JU'J ' hours , nnd was ihon past Its prlino.
Japan has recently given a striking ex inn -
pie ol what can ba done In the development
of water-power , with the eld of electricity.
About HUVOU miles from the city of Kioto Is
Like lliwa , having nn area of 500 squara
miles nt an elevation of 1 III f et. From the
Inko to Kioto a navigable canal has been cut
Involving two mlles of tunnnl and a long
aqueduct. On reaching the city there is n
sharp decline of lib toot. Tint difference In
level Is overcome by inclined plnnownys
U.IUJ foot In length , on winch boats are' raised
nnd lowered from 0110 canal to the othor.
These plunowavs ura operated by oloctrlu
motor * , which nro driven bv turbine ? using
the fall Just mentioned. The wheels uro sup
plied with water from iho bub-level canal
by throe lines of ililrty-dx Inch pipe , l.HOO
feet in length , delivering Iho water under u
head of 10J foul. Not only do thcso wutor-
whooli furnish power to run the olectrlo
generator for iho plnnoway motors , but thpy
also oporalo another dynumo whoso current
U dUtilbutod lo motors which run Ico-iiillu.
spinning mills , a watch factory , otu. , nud
also drive an uro and Incandescent lighting
plant. Tha whole work cost about flfiUOiK)0 ) ,
It is Inleroitlng to note that while tun enter
prise was planned and executed by the emi
nent Japanese engineer Ton a be , ttio waterwheels -
wheels ore Amorlr.au , the dynamos nro
American uud thu motors uud lumps uro
American ,
HITCHCOCK COUNTY
"Prosperity Tallows the Effort ? of the Farnt :
" " *
or in the Southwest as Ehowhoro.
AGRICULTURE AGGRESSIVELY ACTIVE
Onttlomoi : ForcoJ to Viuato Before thi
Coining of the Farmer.
RANCHES CHANGED TO FERTILE FARMS
Mou Who Hnvo Made Money Out of Ripub3
lican Valley Soil ,
ARE WELL FIXED WHO CAME DOLLARLLS3
ThrUIni ; Ciilliortsiin , Pushing L'ltUnidn nud
htrullliK Stinltuu ( iruwltll tlio
Country A Kocoril anil
n I'rouilic.
Hitchcock county lie in the southwestern
part or Iho stale , bounded on the north by
I lay os county , west by Uundy couulv , oa t
b ) Red Willow county and south by the itate
of Kansas. The arorago olavatlon is about
'J.oJJ feet above BO.I level. The surface oi
tBo counly consists of bottom nud tabla land ,
Uio lultcr comprising about iiino-tunlhs ol
the whole. South of the Republican rivur
tilling extend for n few mllot , then iho llnvst
slope uxlunds 10 Driftwood creek und south
of the creek the bluffs run ncarlv lo tlio Kuu-
sas line. There are few bluffs north of lha
Republican river , but is a whole the land Is
line tableland , the level only being broken
by the gentle slopes of the valleys of thu
Frenchman nud the llluckwood.
The soil is doBp , of inexhaustible fortllliy ,
nnd pio.luccs enormous yields of grains and
fruits ol nil varieties common to lomperato
climates. It has Iho cap icily of resisting
drouth to n wonderful degree by reluming
moisluru in reserve. The soil also has lha
pzculinr properly of absorbing a limitless
amount of rain so that alter heavy
and continuous rains the farmer can
proceed nt once with stirring the soil.
While the rainfall is toss here than in the
Missouri vnlloy , it has been sufllciout to raise
excellent crop * in Iho p.m leu VOUM , except
ing in 1V.I ) . The climate is unexcelled.
Nulive limber is found only along Itiu watercourses -
courses and consists principally of colton-
wood , willow nnd elm. Kxcellont building
siono is loimil in abundance. HiluhcocU
county is ono of the bust watered eounllos in
the slate. The principal slteams are lha
Krenehmin nnd Republican rivers and Drift-
woou und Ulackwood creeks. The Ropubli-
cm river tuns through the full luiigin of ibo
I'ouiily from wast lo oiut , while ihe ether
stream have each nearly us many miles of
water courses in the countv. It has an area
of 7JJ square iciloj or KU UO acres.
Hitchcock county was oivanizod as onrly
as 1 71 , wlion ttio calllo industry was con-
sldcied the only business lliut could bo sue-
ce.ssfjlly co.ulnctod In this suction. The cat
tlemen held sway until Ibbl , when the army
of homoslcadors bccamo so largo that thi
cattlemen wore compelled to move west
ward. In lh0 the population was 1,01'J , and
in l llJ it bad Increased lo 0Uj9 , , aud today it
is fully 7,000.
Thu towns of the county are Culbortson.
Trcnlon , Strattou , I'ulisade , Beverly nnq
Clornoll , the last two named bolng small
trading points. Thi'ro ate sovontv-suvon
school distilets , the majority of which liavq
neat and substantial tramo school buildings.
Tnu educationul interests of the counly an
nt present presided over by Miss Julia.
Carmody. There are llftv-ono miles of rail
road In iho county ut present , Iho H. it M.
runs Ihrougn tlio county east nnd west and
tlio U-publican Vnlloy At Wyoming Is now
nonrlv completed from Culbortson up tha
Kronchiniiii valley lo Iho slalo of Wyoming.
There nro ten poslolllccs. There uro ncvon
banks with an aggregate capital of $175,000 ,
The total bank deposits are nearly $ JOOOUO.
Farm land * range lu price from 0 to $ ! , " > par
aero , according to location uud character ol
improvements.
The County Si-nt.
Culbcrlson , Iho county seat and principal
town in llio county , is situated at the forks
of the Frenchman and Republican riv
ers on nn ( mlnenco overlooking tbo viilloys
of these live rivers for miloi in each direc
tion Iti location is dosllnod lo muko u au
Important milload conlur. It has two rail
roads now , the li. & Al. and llio Republican
Vullu > it Wyoming and Iho I'uublo & Uululh
railroad is making this ono of its objocllva
poinls. It has u population of U.X ) und Is a
great sblpp.ng point. Three elevators will
90 in operation for the next crop. A fine 100-
burrol roller mill , costing SISODD , is operated
hereby Honrv Wolf. Three uuwapapjrBaro
published hero UulfaorUon Sun , repub
lican , v W. W. Drown ; llltcbcccic
( Juunlv R'ipiiblluau , rnpuollcnn , by F. Dart
Risluy ana Kentmol , iudupundont , by H.
ivnowloi.
Three banking Institutions are conduotod
hero Hitchcock Counly bank , capital $ r 0-
OOJ ; A. D. King president , A , L. King
oiisliler ; deposits , $ -15,000. Culborison baiitf ,
cupilal $ , utK ) , CJoorgo G. IClsonhurt prosl-
donl ; W. K I2l onhurt cashier. Culbort
son Loan & Trust Co. , capital $10,000 , P. E.
U.irroll president.
Ciiluorlson has a flno High school building ,
flvo teachers und : y8 pupils. Thu MolhodlsU
Rngllsh and Uormanoaoli have n line
church structure. The 1'rnibytorians , Kvan-
gulical and Congregiitlonulisls hayo solid
churrhes hero. All Ibo leading fraternal
ordew , Masons , OddfellowKnight.s of
I'ytlilns , Auclont Order of United Workmen ,
Modern Woodman und ( Jrand Army of the
Repubiia have stroug lodges in the town. A
splendid opera house and n 'number of the
loading business houses lire built of brick ,
nnd would bo ornamental to nny town ,
The Culbortson vVator 1'owor aud Canal
company has nearly completed Its canal from
Palisade to this pluco Tills canal will fur
nish the town with a water power of seventy
foot direct fall , splendid In volume nnd In-
naluulablu In powor. Already $100,000 has
been expended In this onterprlso.
.Urn ol .11 tin IK unil IIi > llicy < Jot Tlioro.
John Ross U ono of the llrit tottlors who
came to thin county with the Intention elf
f arm ! ng for a living. Ho had nothing when
ho came a do/on years ago. Ho now has n
430-acra furm with a largo frame bouse coaU
Ingf 1,500 unti ono of the Pest ull around Im
proved farms in this section. Ho owes noth
ing to iiny ono. His property is wall woitb
f 10,000 at n fair valuation. It is a poor year
when John Ross does not clear ever 11,000
on his farm. Ills address is Culbortson.
John Wagoner came to this county ten
yours ugo without a dollar , For several
years no worked on tha section , bavlnif pre
viously entered 11'iO acres. Ho bought u pony
to.im anil u few head of UiUtlo. Ho now has
HH line n furm of100 acres ai there Is In the
Biato and well Improved , Iwo mllot north of
Culbetison. Mr. Wagoner has always been
sallsllud that ho could mauo as much inonoy
farming tn this county as in any country ba
lias ever bean in.
William l-'oihor came to tills county In the
fall of IbSI nnd entered iho norlheast quarter
of section .Ti-J-yi as u nomusloud. After pny-
mir the entry foe of ( II ho had exactly SO
coals loft , with n wife and two children. Ho
hud no team nor farm Implement ! uxcopt a
hoe nnd an ux , Ho out lo work for bis
neighbor * and soon had a yoku of cattle to
commence fanning on hi a own land , Ha
funned two years with oxen , having lost ono
in thu inuiintimu. Dy thU tlmo ho bad rahod
n young loam of horsos. He now own * ono
of tiio best improved farms in southwest
Nobiaska worth fJ.OOO und clear of iucum-
brabccs , Ho lias * lx noad of need borsus , a
line bjiiin of mulou aud u line herd ot ualtlo.
His ii'ldrosa ' is Culbortson.
C'h'ailun A. Cio solman it ono of the plo-
nuer of thin county. Ho ban not paid to ,
much uttontlon to lurmlug n to cattle anil
frull ruUiue. llo hut uu oroliurd ol p tU p