THE OMAHA D.VJIA . ? BEE : SUNDAY , APRIL 17 , 1892 SIXTEEN PAGES. r
E. D1XOS1
by the Nearness of Death Ho
Writes of His Orimo and Trial ,
-HIS LIFE IN THE ARMY AND JAIL
CooAVm Lynched Illxon Win IlliMcn
In the Cellar-How Ilo Coimldrr * III *
L'otivlrtioti Heady to Illo nml
I'lill of
Clinton E. Dixon , the condemned aoldlor
tnurderer who Is to pay the penalty of his
crime on the ncaffold next Friday , has com
pleted the history of his army llfo and
bxpcrlonces on the frontier , together with
Jils story of the crlmo for xvhlch ho Is to dlo
jtml the subsequent proceedings In which be
bos figured.Vhllo bis orthography Is some
thing frightful and his prnmmar not always
Above criticism , the slorr is snt forth by the
\inculturod author with remarknblo vivid-
to . . Although the story l. too long- for
publication In Its entirety , much of it bofup
'
history of general knowl'cdgc , n part of It Is
Svorthy of reproduction nnd Is given hero :
{ "My dear follow cittzons ni I hnvo but n
row days moro to live I thought i would give
rou H history of my cltuation and the cur-
Icomstnnccs that brought mo to it. Hut 1 nm
inoit ctirton thnt most of you kuow the case
nnd how 1 wns convicted Without mo telling
( you. Hut to give you n good and true Idea
bf how a poor buclc private IH treated and
Svhatshow hu stands ntnongs tno ofllcors of
the army who may choos to call thorn such
I will Just give you a few colsm of my ox-
ponrancos nnd outrages. 1 nllwnysgot along
Jlrst class In iho nrmov , nml to tell you the
truth I nllways liked soldiering I had some
Verry good times nnd souio horrible tuft
limes to. Hut thojo at prcssant urn the
Worst i over seen nnd i suppose thny nro
[ is tuff ns a man cares to sec.
"I tell you this is worse then ( Igniting
Indians , A fellow In nn Indian fight some
times has n show to got awny from getting
- " tiitirdorod or slaughtered when they got tno
best of you Hut It is difTcrond iu the U. U.
IU. court of tbo united states.
No llopo of
"Hero when they got a poor unfo'rtuuatcd
Track private under tbnir hands without any
Jncans or friends to defend himself with thuy
jiavo smooth sailing nnd no uinltor whether
bo Is guilty or not they will sburoly find him
guilty If it Is possible to do no nnd tbalr li no
ppslblllly at all when they have the bolo
prmy to swnro aganc6 d you and the hole
court prejust ot you so thny take 2nd try
you and convlctcd you Wharo thay mlgnt
ns well saved tbo trublo of all this
unucsltv and sentenced mo without a
trllo. I would lnul Just ns much show.
put they concillcrod to glvo mo a trllo to
tnako things n llttlo Justus Ilko nnd convince
the pcoplo that 1 had a fair und just trlle.
Silt 1,1 , Was nothing but a matter of form.
They \vero bound to make an cxcamploof me
him EO thnlr was no show for a poor uufortu-
uatcd fool Him mo to buck acancod tha hole
nrmdy and the court to. So 1 nm now
tmtontly walling for iho clemency of the
President lo decide ono way or iho other.
Out I truely aud sincerely hope that ho the
President and farther of the milled slnles
nnd superior of all bis pupils will not see ono
> ol.hls soldier boys tbat survcd his contry so
. C facofull for live long years suffer such
ft I a horiulo nnd unjust scntanco that is
- itatolng mo in the face this vorry minute.
I am positive that it ho roads over my case
liosbuicly n Lover binnolvo cant help but
pee that It Is all a one-sided and unjust trilo
nnd a put tip skumo. And If i bad the means
to carry it to the supronin court I would
proved it so and surpiccd some of tnoso
smart pcoplo. But that i did not bavn. So i
hnvo to surfer the conscquancoi like overv
pan has to lu this unjust forsakcnod world. "
IIU Army Itlxtory.
Then follows the story of bis soldier life
from his enlistment in Baltimore November
S3. 18SO , at the ago of IS years , including his
initiation Into the mysteries of army life at
Jefferson Ua > raoks , nt Fort Lewis , Colo. ,
.ArmIJn , N. M. , Fort Apache , Fort Win-
gate , and Iho move from the latter
post to Dakota , to participate in the Wounded
Jinoo campaign. The author also hands down
omo bllheito unwritten blstorv of the
actions of Ihc troops in the Held during thai
outbreak. Ho touches on his llfo nt Fort
Klobrurn , and then comes to the visits to the
post of the colored prostitutes who were the
cause of the murder for which ho is con-
domed to dlo. Ho claims that ho unsuccess
fully tried to keep them away from his place ,
nnd was in trouble several times on their
nccouut.
After detailing the story of the murder and
of his arrest , Incarceration In the guard
liouso and trip to Omaha , ho tells of his
waiver of preliminary examination and his
commltal to the Douglas county jail. The
lory continues :
" 1 was then laknn to jail und orders was
clvon'to have mo put into a private cell and
let no one spock to mo and let mo wrlght no
Jotters or receive any. thnt bonded mo mid
then began to feel kind of nurvis because I
mv Ihny bad put up a job on mo ana ox-
pecuod lo got the worst of it which 1 shuroly
Hot right In the nock from the deceased on
up In Die Judgo. I was put In a cage next to
Murderer Neal and In u. few days ho was
taken out nnd hung. I soon him when ho
\vas taken down to bo exlculcd. I felt kind
of sorry for him , ullthough I thought ho de-
curved his punishment If ho was guilty
of the charge hn was convicted by.
But at the same time I dideut bavo any
Ideas of over bitvolng thu mUfortuuo to bo
murdered Ilko that , thut knight there was a
nlggio put into the vakont Noals cell for
committing nn outrage on a little girl. So
about eight o'clock a uiob of men came to the
jail and the consequences wns that thov
broke in the Jail and took poiscsslon of the
placo. It was but a few minutes untill thay
got up to my cago. Quo of the follows lit a
mutch and looked Into my cage ho then
shouted out Hero Is the black ,
l > oy . ( hat scared the llfo out of ma and I
- shurcly thought my time had como. Just
then ouo of the boys looked In and said That
nut him ho Is n white man. Thut made mo
feel a litllo betlor again and you can just bet
thut 1 was nuflol thankful thut I was not
black or else I would huvo shuroly boon a
goner.
Octtlll ) ; Into Coo'n Cujo.
"Tho mob-thau niked my name nnd I told
them , so they asked me If 1 know where tbo
nlgucr was. 1 asked them what nigger they
wanted , nnd told them tnuro was lots of nig
gers down stairs. So tboy asked mo if there
tviis a ujggor put in Neat's cell. I told them
there was some ono put In tboro hut I didn't '
tnko notice what color ho was. So it was
' * iwlR.fow minutes until they had tha door
burst In and fonnd their man. The place
was Just packed with the mob. Tboy asked
mo nil kinds of questions nnd I answered
thorn as fulr as possibility would lot tuo.
"I mot one of n > y dUohurgcd soldier com
rades in the mob , so I bad quite a llttlo con
vocation with him. The mob had a putty
hard tlmo breaking into tbo cage , but tboro
was u few good maooanlcs in tbo Rang ,
o they know how to go about it
nnd cot into it In a few noun.
When they got the llttlo nlgcsr out bo never
tutcbod high places and when tbay KOI him
out doors ntnongs the mob it sounded Just
like 10 inouuy wolves unit uyutcs. Thay used
ill in so ruff that bis nook was broke before
thay got a rope tin him. It was a honblo
mob of about two thouiaud men and kldi ,
The mob broke up about midnight and went
to them homos.
"Thonext day I was told by turn koe Pat
Ilorrlgau that tbo mob was mnkclng a taU
of comming after mo that ttnlght aud ahuro
enough that knight there was another mob
t the jail. I thought my tlmo had shuroly
coniQ _ now Hut I couluont hoar them mention
my name. All I could hoar was that thnv
wanted tow mon 1 thought Hint 1 was ahuro
good for it this tlmo , ana was looking for
them to rush lu on mo every minute.
So when the mob cot putty blood thurily and
jiolsoy Put Uorrlgau the turn kco came up to
iny > csgo and unlocked It auu sum For God
suites. Dick , ibcro Is u lot of soldiers out hereto
to mob you , got out and follow mo dowu
BUlrt and 1 will put you In a safe ulaco. Ills
words shocked mo so bad that when I was
r > lPK down stairs I felt so weak in my legs
flint I almoit fell down'.tha steps. I felt ahuro
that I was in for it this tlmo aud tbat tboy
would collow mo when 1 got lute the hall ,
lnt : I pulled through all wrlght but I was ex
pecting to tea a band fall on my shoulder
, uycry second.
iit Into a Hot I'luce.
' "I was then taken dowu Into tba cellar and
told to craU up over the cngon
boylor aud get in under the Jail
Uoor where the heating pipes wcro.
It WAI ft most stininc hot In the hole bat I
didn't make any klok and was to gUd to get
In such n piano because I know that no oao
would expect mo to bo In such o place * s
thnt. It wo borrlblo sufflcallng the pros.
purtatlon WAI commlng out of mo Ilko If 1
was In a swct box. But I tell you my dear
reader a nmn can stand it most any place
when thay get thnt close on a fellows trail.
Tnalr was then twelve men ourmltted to go
through the jail and look for tboro mon but
could not find thorn. So thny concontod that
they were not In the Jail , and all busted up
In squads and wont hotijo. I was obliged to
stay In my swot box for three or foru hours
but the time didout seam have thnt long tome
mo and about 1 o'clock I was again taken up
to my lonely cage nnd after NeaPs
cagn was ngam prepared 1 wns then nut Into
that unfortunatod and felons cell. I did not
Ilko to go into the place , but of corse they
had mo under there tbumbos , nnd I bad to do
ns I was told and saw wood nnd this Is tbo
place that I have been ocupylng for the lost
six months and will rcmario In It untill thay
take mo out nnd murder mo. "
lor Ills 1. 1 Co.
Then follows Dlxon's version of the trial
nnd attending circumstances , together with
bis experiences with bis lawyer and former
friends. Ho touches on bis early homo llfo
before ho enlisted nnd was tent to the frontier
to fight Indians. Ho concludes as follows :
"I surved my tlmo within n few
davi of tlvo voars without much trouble or
iliniculllloB "and now I nm waiting
for In n few days to bo murdered -
dorod because I tried to defend myselvo
from cottius eaten up fiom ono of my soldier
comrades which I had the misfortune to
shoot In my struckcl nnd excitement. It Is
putty hard to be butchered up Ilko this un
justly , but a poor man hni no show in this
world nspcclally n poor buck private whan
hu has to buck ugalnst the hole annoy for
your llfo nnd then not got n hnvo n show on
your trite. It Is miserable how things nro
running In this world , money nnd Inllunnco
is the only show for a mans Illo and happy -
nlsH In this world. Now If I happont to
buvo n few hundred dollars to defend
mysolvo with 1 wouldont bo In this plauo
today , but been as free ns any ona.
But no. I am n poor unfortunnto fool with
out money or friends and so I have to suffer
the consequences which I truly can nnd with
n good hoarl nnd clear conclaus. I know that
1 hnvo the sympathy from n good monny of
pcaolo in thli citty , and all over where thay
kuow mo So I am satUfyed but it is auffull
bard to sea penplo so bard hearted as to
swaro a mans llfo i > way just to satisfy the
revenge of these who are past and gono. At
torney linker seems to bo nullul proud of his
conviction. He Is so pleased with It tbat ho
cant help from putting his name lu the
papers every day und Informing the poaplo
of his wonderful outrugest criminal case ho
won. Ho came up to see mo ono day but
moro for Information than anything else.
116 seamed if wanting Jo show very much
sympathy for mo but at the same tlmo bo
would In his heart liked to see mo murdered.
I was on to his garao and so I just gave it to
him titrate and told him what Hliought about
matters.
"Ho seamed to bo awful surprised at ray
remarks & innocents but ho at the same
tlmo that 1 was not guilty of the charge that
ho chimes to bo the author of winning on n
fair and just decision. Ho soon tbat I was
on to him and wouldont glvo him muct satis
faction or information so ho started of wish
ing mo success & tolling mo to keep up a
good curago. I think tbat Is n horrible nurve
of a man that clamos to bo the author of such
a most borriblo exsaturating outrage as
this is to como and clvo me such
symplthy and advice as bo was trying to
give mo after him clamoiug aud braglng to
bo the author ot my conviction and murderer.
When I am about on the verge of stepping
Into oturnity I have vorry little comphedonco
or respect for a man that has such a immac-
ulalod gaul and nurve as to coma up to mo
and give mo such a coutomptabol lot of gulT
as this.
J'hllOHOpliy anil Furowcll.
"I don't see what a man ganos at inakeing
upn lot of lies & exsatluratlng things a
thousand times worse than it realy is like.
I hnvo tba opportunity to know what Mr.
Baker is trying to do , but of course a man
can't expect any moro from some of thcso
would-be petitions nnd newspaper sports.
The day Baker was up to see mete
to try & get some Information out
of mo anil dldont cucceod ho then wont to his
ofllco and made up a story of his own or
probly to tbo printing ofllco for fore ho
wouldont see a reporter so ns to got his grate
name into tbo papers. Ho then told the re
porter or whoever ho was tbat ho was up to
see mo and had quite u conversation with me
und that I told him I wanted to bo executed
in u full dross soldier uniform with my
sharpshootine badge on , etc. Well , now , I
never made any remarks Ilko that to him or
nnvono olco. Most all tbo papers state tbat
'
I n'sltcd to bo shot and die like a soldier that
is all a lot of got up talk. I never mad o any
such remarks to anyone. I know that I
bavo to die so it it vorry little diffrcnds tome
mo in what or bow I got murdered just.
so tbat they iiiako n quick jeD of it.
U is putty hard but it is no use for mo to
give away because when the apomtod day
comes for my doparpuro and say good by to
all in this world I will bo taken out nnd mur
dered Ilko a dog aud that IH all anyone can
cull it because 1 am not guilty of tbo charge
1 nm convicted by nnd do not decervo this
horibla nnd unjust ponelty.
"But of corse my lover tryod all in the
world nnd bis power to save my life but
everything was apnuced us and I did not got
the least bit of a show for my life. Some of
thcso poaplo that hod mo condemned dent
think of there god or n hereafter nnd that
thay will all some day have to atone lor the
wrongs aud unjustcst thny inflicted upon mo.
They dent think of thnt now nnd laugh Into
my face for tbalr satisfaction of my mls-
rortuno. But my dear reader the day will
como when thay will suffer for thnlr mis-
dcods before the grate Judge who will see us
all a fair gudgmont.
"Now I dent want nny one to bavo nny
bard feelings agbnced mo for some of the re
marks that 1 bavo made In this my soldier
lire and oxpoaranco because I mean no harmer
or have nny grudge aganccd any boddy In
tbo world. But I am Just giving you n true
Information ot my soldier lifo nnd also an
upmyon of tbo trial In my case in the U.
S. Uls. court. So I ilont want any ono to
think hard of this and if I should happen to
hurt any ono footings by my oxplanatldn , I
will humbly and Hlncerely beg pardon because -
cause I hnvo but n few moro days to stay in
this world so I would Ilko to leave it in
peace and happyucss and the good will from
every ona
"I know that some of my onlraos think I
docorvo this ponelty wlch I am about to pay
fortho-satlsfactlon of the law , but my dear
friend it is not because God ( a his * grata
inurcy nnd goodness is takoing mo out of
this miserable world to pay the ponelty and
Bufferings of my mlsfortuaatod deed , but for
bis omniscont and compassionated satisfac
tion , of re-warding fuo iu heaven for the out
rages misfortune uud unjust dosision of my
rights und Innocents.
"I go to moot my Judge yours Uespoct-
fullv
"CLINTON E.i Dixo.y , good by.
WILL PURCHASE PABKS.
Turk CommUnloni-rn llonolve Formally
Against Condemnation Proceeding * .
The Board of Park Commissioners mot
yesterday afternoon and discussed several
matters. Superintendent Adams loportod
that some of the trooi that the commission
ordered to bo not out in , Elnnvood park to bo
cultivated for fiiiurouso had arrived.
The board decided to take steps to ward the
preliminary improvement of the tract of
ground in Hlmobaugh and Kaundors' addi
tion , which was accepted , by tbo city as a
park some tlmo ago. Tbo board decided to
namii It Hlmobaupb.park iu nouor of tbo late
Mr. P. C. Hlmohaugb.
Thou tbo question of condemning lands for
park purpoies.cumo up for a , Joiigtby dis
cussion. Mr. Mlllard moved that it bo expressed -
pressed as the sense ot the board tbat the
land * selected and recommended to the city
council to bo purchased for publlu parks
should bo purebnsed rather1 tuau condemned.
Ho said that the newspapers bad represented
to tbo public that the oottrd was in favor of
condemning rattier than purchasing thoio
lands , and the only reason tboy had not con
demned was the fact that they thought the
cjly had no power to condemn. This ( doa , bo
said , was a mlatuko , Pho board had nuvor
been lu favor of condemning lauds so long as
they could bu secured by purchase. Ho
wanted this motion pasted simply to show
to the publictbat the board had not been
properly represented ,
TbU brought out a rather lively discus
sion , MrLilulnger said IV hod boon his Im
pression nil alone that tha board was In favor
of condemning land * for park purposes , but
it was the opinion that the law was very in
definite on that subject , and It was doubtful
if the city had the power to condemn landt
under tbo present law , Thli was the only
reason , as bo understood It , why the board
bad not advisad the city council to condemn
nark lands. Ho was opposed to the motion.
It would bo very presumptuous , ho thought.
to pass such a motion. The city council could
not upon tbo matter without the interference
of the board.
.Tndgo Like thought that such a motion
would bo very much but of place on the part
of the board , Ho lavorcd the plan of con
demning land , because by that means the
city could rot lands right where they wcro
wanted nnd wonld not have to pay two
prices.
Dr. Miller took the cround that the lands
recommended by the board wcro worth all
that tha board bad agreed to pav for them.
Ho thought It very poor policy nnd very un
fair to property owners to condemn property
when the same could bu purchased nt n fair
prlco. Ho nlso thought that the plan 6f as
sessing benefits could not bo equitably ad
justed. Tbo fact that n park had been laid
out adjoining a picco of farm land , Dr. Mil
ler thought , would bo of no benefit to tbo
owner of the farm. For this reason ho
thought it would bo unfair to assess bonoflls
ngnlnst aero property oven though It might
adjoin a park.
Judpo Lrtko took Issue with Dr. Miller on
thnt proposition. Ho said that the law
would hold that owners of ncro property ad
joining or adjacent to n park or nny ether
public improvement whcro beuetlts were
being assessed would have to boar a proportion
tion i to share of tha assessments out upon
the property In thnt vicinity by reason of the
( act that the property had boon benefited by
such improvement. It would bo unfair , ho
said , to niseis all the benefits against the
property thnt had been lotted nnd none
nralnst the ncro property. The owner of
ncro property could lay off bU land iu lots
nnd realize tbo bouullt of the Improvement if
ho so desired. If he failed to do this It wns
his own fault nnd ho ought to boar bis share
of the bonollt assessments.
Mr. Pratt was In fnvor of purchnsing the
lands rather thun to condemn. Ho thought
that the latuls selected by the board had
been offered at reasonable prices.
Judsu Luke then spokeof the DIsttn tract ,
caytng that bo did not believe thnt Mr.
Distin could realize WO.OOO from the tract In
nn effort of six months trying to sell It on
the market , and yet the board had agreed to
tnko it nt t'.Hooo. ) "Thnt Innd Is nothing but
n cow pasture , " snld the Judgo. "If wo could
got It by condemnation wo would not have
to pay so much uy n good deal. "
Dr. Miller held that the Dlstln land bad
been offered at n much lower prlco than ad
joining hinds could bo bought for.
After a lone discussion in which Judge
Lnko nnd Mr. Lmlngor argued In favor of
condemnation proceedings und Dr. Miller ,
Mr. Mlllard and Mr. Pratt stood out for tbo
purchasing plan tbo vote on Mr. Mlllard's '
motion waa taken and stood ns follows :
Yeas , Mlllnrd , Pratt ana Miller ; unys , Lake
and Lmlugor.
CHARITY'S WORK.
AVhat tlio Omnhii Amorliitlcmn Hnvo Ac-
conipll lif ! < l l''or ' the lloyn.
Secretary ( JlarU of the Omaha City mis
sion and co-operative charities has made the
following report of their wor < t during the
past winter :
Thrco hundred and six families with 707
children weru supplied with dinners , provis
ions and clothing at Christ nuts.
KJKhtcon families were supplied with SOO
pounds uf coul tiach at Christmas.
Five families wcro supplied with provisions
donated since then.
Nlnoiy-bovcn families , comprising 4.11 Indi
viduals , supplied with ICT provision orders to
the valuuof42U.SU.
Loans were granted to nineteen parties ,
amounting to & .V4.75 , of which $1(123 ( bus boon
ropuld.
Thirty-three families wcro referred to
churches and tuKon charge of by thorn.
Twenty-one families were ruforrcd to the
St. Vincent do 1'iuil society.
Fifty families were referred to the county
commissioners , one case to the Old Ladles'
homo anil thrco cases referred to the Woman's
Christian Temperance union.
Secured transportation fur eight persons to
Chlcnco , 1'rtoport , Ucnvor , Alnsley , Colum
bus nnd Kansas City.
Arranged for tno co-oporntlon of the
chiirehos. Youni ; Men's Christian association.
Woman's Christian Temperance union , po
lice , .Swedish. Danish and .Soldiers' Itollef so- '
duties and county commissioners with our
soelety.
Found employment for thirty-six mon and
women nnd lifteen uoy.s und ulr.'a , .
Wood Yard One thousand elicit hundred
and soventy-ono meals and 7ri J lodgings to
slnslo mun who cut nnd split wood ; IU pro
vision orders given to married men with fam
ilies , who worked 1,07hours cuttlne nnd
splitting wood. County commissioners
'
bent seven 'married men , who
worked ninety-three hours for coal and pro
visions supplied by them. Sales of kindling
and stovu wood since und ot December , tf7H.
Ladles'relief committee supplied 121 fami
lies , consisting of 54J Individuals , with clothIng -
Ing , shoos , etc. , which had been iloniiti'd , nnd
with now material and provisions purchased
at a cost of iJ..iS.CHJ , also secured transporta
tion to four families to Now York. Chicago ,
Wisconsin and Denver. Ten families were
also roturred to thu county commissioner [ or
aid and ono man sent to the Kooley cure ut
lllnlr.
O.rH Suwlnjf School Three hundred nnd
twenty-live pupils enroled from October ,
18'Jl. ' to April. 1W. : 005 sarmunts madn ; i'JI.J. ' )
expended In purchasing malarial. Collection
tufiun up from pupils , flO. . " > I.
Visitation Soventy-iwo friendly visitors
connected with our work who have u-ono about
arid visited thn poor and sick In the various
dlstrltcs of the city.
Special Holluf Work 1'orlv-flvo persons
were assisted lo the extent of $4l.3U.
Cases receiving aid wcro carefully investi
gated. Many unworthy people have bcun
discovered and reported. Wo are now bol
ter prepared for the work than when wo
uotran last December.
Plans for the provident dispensary are
completed and wo hope soon to announce the
opening. A. W. Ci.utit , Secretary.
Homo fur Iloyn.
OMAHA , April 13. To the Editor of THE
BKI : : Our Homo for Bovs is now well
started. At prevent wo have live children
there. Wo are sending some out nearly
every doy. Our plan Is to have the norao
only a temporary shelter and to send the
boys out to wont as fast as possible. Mr.
James Kollar , tbo manager of tbo homo , has
already proved himself a very oftlclont man.
Mrs. C. P. Nopb , a woman of experience , is
our matron und is doing most axiujlloiit ser
vice. Wo rcoommoud to all persons to send
nil tramping boys to tbo Boys Homo , Q311
Caidwcll street. Hero they will bo cared for
and given work.
Do not glvo money to boys or help of miy
kind , but send thorn to the homo and lot the
case bo looked into thoroughly. And tboso
needing boys , either on farms or In the city ,
wl 1 please communicate with us.
Some articles of furniture are still iioodod
carpets for n couple uf rooms , sheets , com
forters and pillous. Wo nro looking to God
for money to carry on the work from day to
day. Some , perhaps , can glvo provisions
bettor than money.
CIUHI.KS W. Svvipor ,
. Leavfimyorth and Twonty-llfth uvonue ,
I'reililmit Iloii > luiul' Wnrk ,
President Hogcland of the Boys and Girls
National Homo and Employment associa
tion addressed the UlrU Industrial school nt
the Tenth street mission yesterday. Ho will
spenk at tbn Second Presbyterian church ,
Twenty-fourth and Nicholas , at 10:110 : a. in.
today , and at 7:30 : tonight bo will bo attha
First I'resbyiorian church at South Omaha.
"BEN HUB. "
Unique I'retfiitutlun of Thu 1'ounlar Story
la I'uiitomliuu ,
These who were present at tbo institute
for tbo deaf last night witnessed the praion-
tatlon of tbo famous story of "Bon Hur" by
General Low Wallace , In pantomime , Nota ,
word was spoken , yet with tbo aid of'tho full
nna complete program tbo spectator was able
to understand each scene as presented.
The acting was In every way goo < } , show
ing the ability of deaf persons nnd these
drilled in the language of pantomlmo.to ex
press their feelings and emotions lit his
most impressive manner. ThUjpLay ivlll bo
presented at Boyd's theater on tbo S7tu of
this month aud tboso who full ieoiPfr it will
miss a treat. It is the universal testimony
of all who bavo witnessed the rehearsals that
it is a complete , wi'll arranged and will taa'n
most interesting rendition of this familiar
story ,
Tbo program will show bow carefully it
has boon prepared. Tbo meeting of the wise
roou , the llrst scene. Impresses nno tbat tbo
program Is to be good. In tbo meeting of
Moasola and Hur in tbo pane the bcorn for
the Jew by the Homan U brought out In n
vlvldnes.s which admits of DO mistake an to
what Is meant. Tba scene of the lupors 1s
one of the most patbetio Imaginable. Tnu
parting quarrel of Hur and Iras Is a display
of the passions which ono rarely witne&sua.
The old sbloic of the desert , shows tbo pos
sibilities of pantomime In representing the
passions of mon.
Dr llirnoy euros catarrh , Uue bid" ;
WHAT IS THE GOSfcOF LIVING ?
01
An Instructive Aualyshof an Important
Problem
A STUDY OF ECONOMIC STATISTICS
- OIJ
in nrWorklngiiicn'R HiulRoU by
i' , Nntlonnl nmt Fore-Inn Hut-nun
nml Compared lit ifri Attrac
tive Jlnnl/cr. /
I1
The Charities Uovlow for April contnlns
tbo following Interesting paper by Mr. Via
tor Hosownlar :
Whnt Is the cost of HvlnR ? Tins oueation
presents oho of the most difllcult problems In
statistics a problem whioh lies at. the base
of the \vholo labor controversy. The answir
must embrace nt least thrco distinct parts ,
first , wo must know the income of the labor
er , ni stiown by his wages , nnd whatever
other earnings ho may rccolvn. Secondly ,
wo must bnvo the prices which ho U roqtilix-a
to pay lor the attlcloi nnd services wblnh ho
consumes ; for It Is not moro money that tbo
Inbnrjr desires , but rather that which the
money will onublo him to procure. Then ,
thlrdlr , this Information will bo almost use
less for our purposes unless we know the
quantities of different articles and services
required , nnd the proportion of absolute nec
essaries to comforts and conveniences. That
nny ono particular sum can ever be estab
lished as the nvcraRO coit of living , Is as lit
tle to bo expected as that the physlotoclst
will bo tiblo to determine the Invariable mint-
mum quantity nnd quality of food necessary
to sustain human life ; there are so many
modifying circumstances nso , sex , race ,
hablti , climate , etc. , that certain limits nro
set to every investigation , although wlttiln
thoao limits valuable results may bo ob
tained. But lu applying those results tuo
limitations must not bo overlooked.
Thcro havo'ueen numerous attempts to nr-
rlvo nt the cost of living of the laborer , rang
ing from the wildest guesswork to the most
careful statistical study , , Ono of the rough
est forms cornos to light In the administra
tion of the Income tax. The theory hero Is
that expediency advises the exemption from
taxation of the minimum cost of subsistence
for the reason that , if anything Is subtracted
from such a minimum , the state will bo
compelled to restore an equivalent
amount in the form of Door ro-
llof. In actual practice , however , the
limit of exemption has been highly arbitrary.
The United States federal income- tax cx-
omnted $000 at the outset , ana the burden ,
consequently , foil upon tUoso in compara
tively good circumstances.
Innumerable tables of wages paid In different -
ont Industries have boon collected , but they
nro only to bo used with great care in this
branch of statistic1 ! . They often represent
mere rates of wages ; ana oven where actual
inonov wages are given , the waces of sUlllcd
and unskijlcd laborers , male and female ,
uaull nnd minor , are usually hopelessly con
glomerated , vitiating any inference which
might bo drnivn. It is an opun question
whether wage statistics ougnt to bo obtained
from employer or employe ; It is true that ,
as a rule , the omployo'ijs alone keep the
necessary licuros and records frora year to
year , but the claim that/lBoy , / are also loss
likely to bo Influenced ! by personal feelIng -
Ing or class prejudice to' ' make falsa or
misleading returns , ropy well bo dis
puted , and when it dojnes to statistics
of expenditure , these must fcocossarily bo ob
tained from the laborer , jlt.'ls not the whole
sale prices which como into play , but rather
the prices charged by ithb corner druggist
and ereen grocer which th'o labcrcr actually
pays. The United Stfttos dtinsus of 1830 asked
all manufacturers to giVfilho total sum ex
pended for wages durlngjtjio year , and nlso
the number of laoorors employed. The lig-
uros published nro : Wages , $1H7,033,79. > ;
employes. S,7a2U95. Tttd ( census went no
further , but many ianginVd the remainder
of the problem to bo a mocomutter of divi
sion. Tnov performed tho-fnatbomallcal op
eration and obtained tha figure KMG as the average -
orago wage , -Taat-Utls nwutupviou-Js wholly
unwarranted will bo evident to everyone
who reflect that the statistics are merely op- .
proxltnato that theWnumbor of' laborers in-
cludcti all who worked nny part of' ' the year ,
and that the labor of mon , 'women , and cnil-
dren is confounded.
In his essay upon "What Makes the Uato
of V'nacsi" Mr.i Edward Atkinson has
treated one side of the subject chiefly from
an apriorl standpoint. After estimating the
total annual product of industry in the
United States , ho trios to determine what
share KOC.I to the laborers and then , by divis
ion , reaches the flguro 433 as the avurago
annual rate of wages upon which each labor
er is to support 2.9 persons. Ho maintains
that the laborers secure 00 nor cent of tha
product , while , with inorcailng competition ,
tbo returns to capitalists diminish relatively
to the wages of laborers. More valuable ,
however , are the statistics of tbo cost of sub
sistence which Mr. Atkinson gathered dur
ing his investigation. From tbo accounts of
a largo lactory boarding-house in Maryland ,
bo found that udult women were boarded at
a cost , of slightly les than 30 cents per day.
Prisoners in Massachusetts jails have
been fed for an expenditure as low as 1'J
cents per day. Awtn , In a central
Massachusetts boardlngrhouso In which
accurate accounts wctro kept , the Doard of an
adult man was computed to cost 28 cents
per daj * . From those data , Mr. Atkinson as
sumed that'JO cents nor day might represent
tno average cost of necessary food for the
average inhabitant of the entire United
States ; a result put forward as a possibility ,
not as a fact.
Dr. Frederick Engela of the Prussian Bu
reau of Statistics , applied himself long ago to
work at this problem inductively. Ho was
tbo Jlrst to study systematically the so-called
working-moil's budgets , and frora his investi
gations derived a principle now termed
Kngels' law , regarding" tbo approximate
variations in proportions of the income re
quired for subsistence , rout , etc. , according
to the amount of tno earnings. Ho found
that an average ( jormitn woridngman re
ceiving nnnuallv an income of from W25 to
$300 must spend 95 per cent for tbo necessar
ies of iifoand ; o < io rtjioiving from ? 150 lo000 ,
1KJ per cent ; and ono receiving from $750 to
f 1,100,85 per cont. Tno rule enunciated ,
then , is that the greater the income , the
smaller the rolutlvo outlay for subsistence
and the greater the outlay for sundries ; tbo
percentage of outlay for clothing remains ap
proximately the same ; for rent and fuel , in
variably tbo sanio , whatever the Income.
Following the aamo method , Carroll D
Wright , in the report of the Massachusetts
liuroau of Statistics for * 1ST" , corronorated
the law by an analysis of 807 budeots whluh
ho had secured. Ten years later)1 ) his report
for 188-1 presented fresh material which ho
subjected to a comparative atudy. Analyti
cal tables of nineteenhMmsncliUBOtts bud
gets are placed alongside of sixteen British
budgets. On avaragingil4)f results , ho finds
that , in those cases , the ftwsachusotts work-
ingnmn's family consists- off 5,12 persons , of
whom2.10 are omployed''nt remunerative
labor bringing total antrual earnings of
$80U7 : , frora which a sttfplus of $49.03 remained -
mainod after deducting $7 1.4'J as total ex
penditures. Likewise i ( .Up family of the
British worklugman oigtracos 0,00 parsons ,
of whom 2.50 are employed at remunerative
labor with total earUnps of $571.47 ,
a total expenditure ' ota (50S.35 and u
surplus of 19.12. Following Kneels" lawtho
Massachusetts oxpouditi&cp pf $754.42 allows
10.73 per cent for sundrifcfj vbilo the Drttish
expenditure of f.03.35 aUowa 13.51 per cent
for sundries. ComparlneJljU with tables of
price statistics , Mr. Wrisbfc roaches the con-
elusion that in 18SU B.S pofv/cont , was indica
tive of tbo higher cost of living in Muisn-
chussotts as against Gront-Brltaliiwhile the
standard of living of worKtngmon in Massu-
chussatts was to that uf worklngtncn lu
Great Britain as 1,42 1s tod.
Since ISSI a number of similar Investiga
tions of woruingmon's budeats. hava been
conducted In this country by va-
Hous state bureaus of labor
Statistics , usually following the meth
ods -adopted by Mr , Wright. Variations In
results represent variations In the conditions
and in tbo accuracy of the materials ,
The work of Mr. Koourt UliTon in this
Held has been concerned with n comparison
of tbo present condition of the working
classed with that of 11 Hy yean ago
Many obstacles are. mot in attempting to
secure statistics relating to wages and cost of
living. Figures from employers represent
only tbo money wages paid oy thosu employ
ers , and omit any supplemental Income. On
the other hand , it is only with great difficul
ty that the laborer can bo induced to unep
the proper record , and the moro distribution
of nccouut books seldom results in strict ac
curacy. In tuo work of the Massachusetts
bureau for 1874 , of over 1,000 books , only
Continental Clothing Hoilse
<
GRAND BARGAIN SALE
THIS WEEK.
t
Three Styles Men's Suits ,
$9.75 , $9.75 , $9.75. -
* .
$9.75 , Double breasted cheviot sack suits , $9.75.
$9.75 , Plymouth silk striped cheviot sack suits , $9.75.
$9.75. Plymouth silk striped cheviot frock suits , $9.75.
This line of suits connot be duplicated anywhere for less
than Fifteen Dollars. If you want a suit of clothes
this week , come in and see them.
Jersey Suits ,
$2.75 , $3.00 and$3.50.
Grand Clearing Sale ,
10 styles of Jersey Suits this week for ' '
$2.75 , $3.00 and $3.50.
You ought to see this line of Suits before purchasing as
they are the bargains of the season , ' .
We shall have our line of 50 cent Hats .this week. ' -t
* ftf
In fact this is going to be a bargain week in all lines at the
CONTINENTAL CLOTHING HOUSE
M7 were found. sufficiently reliable
tor btatlstical purposes. The most
recent investigation scorns to
have succeeded in its aim of avoiding tbeso
difllcultics by securing accurate statistics
from the laborers themselves. It is the
work of Carl Landoltnud Is embodied in his
paper on 'ZehnBaslor Arboilorhaushnltun-
Ron , " cut lately published In the Zcitschrift
far Schwelzcrisctio Statlstik.
The method pursued is interesting. Hcrr
Landolt began his study in November , 18SS ,
when ho persuaded throo.reliable laborers to
conduct household accounts according to
proscribed lulos. One was soon forced to
cheese between Riving up his bookkeeping
and giving up his situation , nor did the work
of tbo others proceed satisfactorily. Tno
Baslcr Arboitoround was therefore appealed
to , and with its assistance eighty members
were Induced to participate in the scheme.
They were required , llrst of all , to tatto an
inventory of their entire property , nnd thou
meet regularly from llmo lor inspection nnd
correction of accounts. The numbsr of
laborers who persisted in the under
taking gradually fell off to sov-
onlcon , and Herr Landolt llnally secured fif
teen reliable accounts covering a period of
ono year. Owing to lauk of tlmo , only ton of
thcso have been compiled. The nooks give a
chronological record of income and expenditure
iture- with the oxnct ( juantities of every
purchased article. Unaccounted expenditure
was so controlled by moans of somi-monthly
or monthly balances that Ibis item , usually
( jui'o large , was reduced to an nveraco of
, U per cent of tbo total oxpondlturo.
This adds greatly to the reliability nnd ac
curacy of the resulting computations. Wo
may glance brielly at the summary , always
keeping lu mind that thd discussion turns
upon the household relations of the families
of ten Swiss laborers living in Daslo , and
that the unit of value is invariably tbo franc ,
The ten families under consideration com
prise fifty-four members , of whom twonty-
tbree nro wholly or In part solf-sustalnlng
and. occupied mostly with work requiring
some small degree of skill. The wife , In
eight out of ton instances , is engaged In re
munerative employment. The family is made
up , on the uvorago , ol iwo adults and thrco
minors. Their dwellings are not what would
bo desired , failing generally tn afford sulli-
cicnt air space per person. AH a result of
thin , Iho health of the occupants Is moro or
loss nlfectcd , though not at all bad
considering the circumstances , The Invent
ory of property is closely connected with trio
earning capacity of iho family. Ilorr Landolt
has classified two households ns very poor ,
three ns poor , three as moderate , and two ai
comparatively well llxed.
Tha average total annual Inoomo per fam
ily was 1825.71 francs , Of this the average
earnings of tbo husband conetttiito 73.8 par
cent ; of the wlfo , 108 per cent ; of iho chil
dren 0 per cenl.wbllo H.-l per cent is obtained
from oVher sources. While the nvoraga cash
on hand at tbo commencement of
the account was CS.7 francs , only
US francs remained at the end.
The laborers , with ono exception , were not
nblo to savoanything , much'loss to bu able to
tnako adequate provision for the future. Any
slight emergency might bring them within
the bounds of pauperism.
The expenditures in reality averaged per
family 1,777.7'J francs. Tbo outlay of this sum
was determined for the most part , by stPrn
necessity. Arranged according to amount ,
the summary of accounted expenditures is ai
follows ;
While not controverting Engols" Inw , yet
we EDO that this Inblu doei not atricilr con
form to it. Neither has tno family with tno
lar RJt In como the siuullnit , percentage of
cxnoiirtlwroa for noc.cHsanos , nor has Ibo
family wltu'tho aumllost income the largest
percentage of expenditures far necassurles ]
Tno average sum tier family spent lor moat
during the your , was slifjhtljrovor 130 franco ,
and U U shown that In mnro tnun ono case ,
sutTuriiiK from luuk of bullloieut. food was act-
uajly experienced.
Tba iiuln points to bo noticed may be re-
apltulat d. In these ton families , oaoh par-
BAKING
POWDER.
OZS. FOR
ABSOLUTELY PURE. JUST TRY IT.
PAXTQN & GALLAGHER , OmahaNeb
HOTEL
LAFAYETTE !
Lake Jllniiclonka , Jllim ,
Season of 1893 befrlni Jimp , _
11U. I.cnilliiir Hummer *
Hotel of Ilio Writ. Kvcryf
loomuccn tholakn. Health-
fill location. All modem
comfort * , daily com crttf , tlnn
uri'nery , lxst of
Frequent tiulnit to ami fiom hu 1'nul andMlnncapoll < t one Imnr from Kt. I'nul,30 minuter from Mln-
iieapolU , address , XI. "V. XXoloomtoo , 01 Uruit Iiortbcru JJulIOluif , UT. J'AL'L , Ml.NN.
son laboring stands for A group of
2.3 persons uud not for a group of three as
commonly assumed. In oigbt cases , tbo
wlfo was compelled to assist in supporting
the family , without which the husbandts
earnings would not have sufficed. And moro
important , nearly 10 per uont of the Income
cnrao from sources other than wages ; stnlls
lies obtained from employers would have
been dotlclent to that amount.
To use these results , except in the most
general way , for comparing the condition of
Swiss laborers with Iboso of laborers in
ether countries , would bo manifestly incor
rect. What Herr Landolt has given us Is
iho service of statistics compiled upon a sci-
onlillc basis. Ho has shown us how to set
about the problem and corresponding Inves
tigations in ether countries will probably bo
only a matter of lluiu.
VICTOR KOSCWATKU.
Disease nnvor succosstully attack * a sys
tem with pure blood DoWltt's Sarsaparllla
mauos pure , now blood and enriches the old.
WriTkeil IIU HHIrf.
.lowolors' Circular : Onmr Ibrahtirn
had boon thinking heavily. Plucldiif , '
up courage , ho approached hla inaslor ,
Mahomet.
"Hlpht oyc of the aottlnp nun , Allah
bo with you , " said bo to the proiihot ,
"I botr an inuroaso of salary of 10 dinars
and A dirhoins. "
"Thou boliovoBt in Iho adugo , "Tlmo
a nioiioyV" naked Mahomol.
"Verily. " answered Omar.
' 'Thou thou imiyest work two hours
longer oaoh day. "
FREE
TO BOYS AND GIRLS
under 18 years of age ,
BICYCLE Sr11"
F R E E to any boy or
AjfCHECEHT. Jf you
want one FOR
NOTHIHC-cut
till * advertisement
nut and send to ns
TO-DAY nnd we
will wild you full
particulars by re-
tin n muil. YOU
CET IT FREE
on very easy condi
tions.
WARRANTED
ClUill ] l ( ) LHCJClfM
sold everywhere at
from 4IAlo $ r ( ) .
Tiill liuU-Ittmr-
; large enough
Write to-day for
( till particular ! .
AdimiA.Car .llCo.
HOVutVuEsmCt.
CM : * ; ) , Ills.
Aleutian Tbo Omaha lieu ,
Illl. K. C. U'HST.S NKIlVKANUUItAlNTItBAT-
MKNT , aspocinc fur Ilyetorln , DUzlnaas , l/Ut / , Noil-
rululii , lloiuliu-lie. Nervous I'rostrntcm Gounod by
ulcoliolor tolmcco , Wukofnlntiii , Montnl Duprci-
Hluii , SoltnoiHDt the llrnln. oaimlnx In-mnltjr , mlaury ,
ili'rayiluatli. I'rumaliiro Olil Aifu , UaircutM * , J oii
of 1'ovrer la vlther lor , ln. | > otuncy. l.uucorrliuri aui
nil Konmlu WvaknoaiOH , Involuntary I.osiuj , Spur-
niatDrrliii.i c.auvul by iivcr-uiurtlun of tli'J hralu.
. Milt-uliuii ) ovur-liHluicunro. A muntli's treatment
fl.ti fur 25 , hy mull , WoKuiirantouHlx buxeti tocuru.
Knili order for liliiixcii , ivltli 15 ulll noni ! wrltton
uiinrunteoto rofnnil If nut cured , ( iuurantoulsiiuoa
by Goodman DruirCo. , 111U Kurnnni h > -Jiiiulm. .
IS YOUR GRASS
If not , it soon will bo
and wo would bo glad
to have you moot It
half way , with ono of
our 1892
LAWN MOWERS.
GARDEN
WIIIK NETTING.for iiouHry yards
TUELLISKS , otc ,
1511 Dodge St.
Tills M the Jnlict Me lit IloudHtor whlcli Mil *
at M''S.W ) . Wo will Hull tlifiu fur sixty tiuy itt
ia\U ( ) Itlia * Ikt Inch cushion tires , and Ufnll
lionrlni ! und nil dionforulnes. Hfnt 0. O. O.
on receipt of f 10. We ai u noli the Ufjtuinlila ,
Himford nnd Victor , Catalogue frua ,
A. H. PERRIGO&CO. ,
MOO IJOUOU faTitliKT.