/I /
THE OMATTA DAILY lSE : MONDAY , MARCH 21. 1892.
PRODUCTION J1FJJEET SUGAR ,
Hi ; U'lll/nm / Soiimlm , Micttnr Dominion Kiper
'
( mciifiif
The rapid growth of the boot sugar
Industry within the past fowyonisln
Germany , Austria , Franco , Llusbiu and
Hclglum hns awakened In nil civilized
countries a ff6ncr.il Interest In this sub
ject. Numerous experiments Imvo been
tried with sugar boots for the purpose
could be successfully
of nBCd'taining where they
cessfully grown with u suflloicntly high
poroontitRo of sugar to ncrmlt of their
being manufactured with some hope of
profit. This experimental testing of
sugar beets has become very general of
Into in the United States nnd Canada ;
nn.l sufficient evidence hns boon accu
mulated to show that In both countries
there are largo ureas over which this
useful plant can bo grown to a degree of
peifcclion as to sugar ntrencth and pur
ity equal to any produced In Europe. It
Is also Indisputable that the cultivation
of root crops Is very beneficial to the
Boll. The land Is necessarily stirred to
u greater depth than with other crops ;
weeds are subdued by the frequent culti
vation nece ( < ary in root culture , and the
cell , nftor the roots are lomovca , is left
in much bolter condition for the success
ful growth of subsequent crops. For
these reasons the growing of root crops
deserves encouragement.
In view of these facts the question nat
urally arise * , Why has this Industry uot
been 'more generally nnd successfully es
tablished In this country ? Thcro was
paid to foreign countries for 223,811,171
pounds of btigar imported into
( Jiumda for the year ending July 1 ,
1890 , $5,6)7,8I)5 ! ) ) , and for 174,0 l.r,7 0
pounds for the vear ending July 1 , IS'Jl.
Why could not this article bo produced
by our own people , and this largo sum
of money spent in promoting a useful in-
dually in our midst , whereby a portion
of the arable land would bo Improved
nnd employment provided for several
months in the your for a number of
people.
The best sugar industry in Europe has
been developed under the favoring In
fluences of protection and largo boun-
tlcsand one of the objects of the present
inquiry is to endeavor to present , free
from bias or prejudice , the facts bearing
on this subject from all sides , so that an
intelligent Judgment rnny bo formed nnd
Bueli conclusions reached as imy best
promote the welfare of the Canadian
people.
To obtain Information the writer hns
recently visited the beet sugar factory
nt West Farnlmm , Quebec , and also the
factories at Grand Island and Norfolk ,
in Nebraska , United States , and has in
quired concerning the valuable tests ,
both chemical and agricultural , which
have been carried on for some years past
under the direction of Dr. II. W. Wiloy.
the talented chemist of the Department
of Agriculture nt Washington. Visits
have also boon paid to the experiment
btation at Lincoln , Neb. , where the pro
duction of boot sugar ban been made a
special subject of btudy by the director
nnd well known ciicmist , Prof. II. II.
Nicholson ; also to the stations at Amos.
la. , and Madigon , Wis. , where
further useful information has boon
obtained. Additional facts have been
gathered by a careful study of the avail
able literature which has appeared on
this subject during the past twenty years
or more , ana by correspondence and in
terviews with exports who have spent
much time in acquiring a knowledge of
this industry.
In the proparati9n of the report free
use has boon made of the material con
tained in the reports of the Department
of 'Agriculture of the United States and
of the special , bulletins on this subject
which have been prepared by Dr. II. W.
Wiley and published by this depart
ment. The past eleven volumes of "Tho
Sugar Beet , " published by Lewis S.
Ware of Philadelphia , have been simi
larly used. The author also desires to
acknowledge his personal obligations to
Dr. IT. W. Wiley 'for much general In
formation covering the whole subject ;
also to Prof. H. II. Nicholson of Lincoln ,
Nob. Further assistance has been given
by the loan of u valuable collection of
papers and documents on this subject
in a do by Mr. George Johnson , satisjielaii
of the Department of Agriculture in Ot
tawa. For much of the information re
garding the manufacture of boot sugar I
am indebted to Honrv " T. Oxnard , esq. .
of Grand Island , Nob."U. S. , and to Al
fred Musy , esq. , of Farnham , Quebec.
Tin : IUHT SUOAII INDUSTRY IN KUROIM : .
The boot Beta vulgaris has long boon
cultivated. Do Cnndollo , in his "Origin
of Cultivated Plants , " bays that the red
and wltito beets which botanists goner'
ally agree in regarding as varieties ol
one species were known to the ancients ,
but their cultivation docs not probably
dale more than three or four centuries
before tlio Chribtian ern. The cult ! '
vatcd beet has probably originated from
' , slondor-roolcd variety , which grows
wild along the coasts of the Mcdltcrra <
noun sea and in Persia and which hat
become moro fleshy rooted by long cul
tlvation , It is a plant easily Improved
by selection nnd careful culture , and the
number of varieties has greatly in
creased in modern times , especially slnct
the beet root has been so largely culti
vated for the production of sugar and as
food for cattlo.
In 17-17 n Prussian chemist naiuoi
Margrnaf road a paper before the Academy <
omy of Sciences in Berlin on the o.xiS'
tonco or cane sugar in many homo growi
roots. lie found most sucrar in the
white Sileslan bcot and produced sam
vies which ho hud mndo from that root ,
After describing the process by whiol
ho obtained this sugar ho gave it as lib
opinion that the production of sugar era
a largo sealo from the boot could b <
inado rcnumorntlvo at the high wtu
Drlces at which sugar was then hold
Vho interest which this discovery al
llrst awakened died out when peace wtii
restored and the price of sugar wen
down. With the outbreak of another wui
tlio subject of making sugar from the heel
was again discussed , and under the patronage >
tronago of Frederick the Great anotiioi
Prussian ohomlst , named Achardbogui
u borlos of experiments in 177 ! ) to tos
the practicability of this projeet.but the
death of Frederick put a stop to thli
work before any satisfactory result
wore reached. Achard resumed his ox
pertinents in 1775 and established a fac
tory which was maintained by tlio Prus
elan government , nnd in 1770 ho pro
ecntcd to the king of Prussia sovora
loaves of boot sugar , accompanied by i
report in which ho claimed to have ob
taincd 0 per cor.t of raw sugar from tin
root and to have manufactured it at i
cost of about 0 cents per poand. At tin
euino time ho stated that ho boliovot
that with further improvements in th
process the cost could be material ! ;
reduced.
JUSK OK THE INDUSTRY IX FIIANCE
This report attracted much uttontloi
In Franco , where a committee of promi
iiont scientific men was appointed to in
yeetiguto the subject. In their roper
they fctated that Achard did not obtaii
more than 1 nor cent of sugar from th
boots , and niter this information ha <
been made- nubile further pursuit of th
subject in Franco was for the lima aban
cloned. Monnwhlla two now factorlo
were established in Germany , and th
results obtained by the throe factorio
working there induced Napoleon I. t
renew tlio inquiry by the appolntmon
of a now committee of exports to carr ,
on experimeuts with the boots. He
ports mndo In 1810 by Doyoux
nnd in 1811 by Unrruol , to the otTect
that a yield had been obtained of about
1 } per cent , and that sugar had been
made at a cost of about UO cents per
pound. Napoleon olTorcd liberal
bounties to further this Industry , and at
one time $200,000 was placed at the dis
posal of the minister of agriculture to
stimulate the production of bcot sugar.
The overthrow of Napoleon In 1S14 cut
off the government bounties and threat
ened the destruction of the now sugar
Industry , but n duty of BO per cent
levied by the restored government en
abled ono manufacturer. M. Dolisso , to
continue the business , nnd ho claimed
to have obtained T per cant of sugar
from his boots , and to have mndo It at a
cost of 7 cents per pound. IVom 1820 to
182o , under the protection afforded by a
heavy duty , the factories multiplied ,
nnd from reports published in the latter
year , wo gather that 100 establishments
were in operation , but they must have
boon vary small , ns the total output was
only fi.OOO tons of sugar. By 1830 , 430
factories were actively working , pro
ducing 40,000 tons of sugar : but In 1837 ,
when a part of the protection was with
drawn by the levying of a duty of 1 }
cents per pound on domestic sugars , 160
of the factories wore closed and the pro
duction of sugar foil that year to 22,000
tons.
Excise regulations moro favorable to
the manufacturers soon brought about
a revival of the industry , and for sooio
years It mndo rapid progress , Franco
meanwhile leading all the other nations
of Europe in the quantity of sugar pro
duced. By 1872 the production hud boon
worked up to lOS.UOU tons , but the tax
collected wns still levied on the suga -
produced , nnd the farmers who grow
the beets for the factories had no special
stimulus to produce boots of high
quality , but it was rather to their In
terest'to obtain heavy crops. Ilonco
they sought weight per aero rather than
a high percentage of sugar. The manu
facturers also had but little inducement
to Improve their processes for making
sugar , and under these conditions the
industry fluctuated from year to year
and made but slow advancement in
France. But in 1881 a new law was
passed which provided that the tax
should bo levied on the boots on the
basis of a duty equal to that of ( i per
cent of sugar where factories were
worked by diffusion and 5 per cent where
the juice was extracted by hydraulic
pressure. These differences were to bo
tolerated until 1837 , after which all
factories regardless of. process were to
bo equally taxed. The manufacturers
were to have us bounty all the sugar
they could mnko above these per
centages duty free. In 18S3 the average
sugar production was about 0 fiO per
cent or 47.1G71 tons from 7,328,000 tons
of beets ; in 1834 it was 0.87 , the produc
tion of beets naving dropped to 4.512,000
tons and the total yield of sugar to
308,410 tons , for under the now regula
tions the bounty obtainable that your by
the best worked factories was reduced
to about three-fourths of n cent per
pound. In 1885 the crop of boots fell to
less than half of what it was two years
before , having dropped to 3,450,000 tons ,
u ilh a sugar production of only 290,000
tons , but a great stimulus hud been
given to improving the quality of the
beets us well as the process of manufac
ture and the manufacturers offered prices
in accordance with the quality of the
beets , and the percentage of sugar made
that your was 8.40 which brought the
bounty up to about 1 } cents per _ pound.
The yield of sugar has boon increasing
over since. In 1888 it was said to bo 9.03 ,
In 188 ! ) 10.05 , and in 1890 it fell ott a lit
tle being 0.80 per cent. The industry
developed rapidly under the stimulus
of these increasing bounties. In the
meantime , however , the government
raised the standurd sugar strength of
beets from 0 per cent to 7.50 per cent.
The system at present in force in
Franco , us explained to the writer by
Mr. A. Musy , manager of the boot sugar
at Farnham , Quebec , is us follows :
There are two methods by which the
tax on beet sugar is levied , and manu
facturers in that country may elect not
later than September 15 in each year
under which system they propose to run
their factory for the season. Ono regu
lation provides that the duty shall bo
paid oh the manufactured bugar , the
manufacturer being allowed to take out
of bond , without paying duty , 15 per
cent of all he makes. As the duty is
about 5 } cents per pound , this is equiva
lent to n bonus of about 82 } cents on each
100 pounds. By the other method the
tax is levied on the boots , which are es
timated to yield 7.75 per cent of sugar ,
nnd a duty is paid on every 100 pounds of
loots which enter the factory , equal to
that on 7i pounds of sugar , nnd all the
sugar which the fmanufaoturora can
make over nnd ubovo the 7.75 per cent
ho gets duty free up to 10i per
cent. If his beets yield a higher
percentage than 10 } ho must pay ono-
liulf of the duty on all ho mukcs above
that figure. Supposing the production
to bo Hi per cent , which many of the
factories are said now to obtain , the
owners have 2S- pounds of free sugar
from every 100 pounds of boots , equal tea
a bounty of a fraction over 15 cents ,
to which the 1 per cent at half duty adds
2 } cents , making a bonus of 17i cents on
lli pounds of sugar , a fraction over 1 }
cents per pound on all the sugar mado.
When this sugar is exported a drawback
of the full amount of duty is allowed on
all that has been made , including that
portion which the manfacturcr has had
free , and by this process the revenues
of Franco are drawn on to furnish choiu )
sugar to the outside world , for in order
to H ml : i mutkcit It must compote in
piico with cano sugar , which co-its lose
to produce. It IB stated that roflnod
sugar is sold in Franco to foreign coun
tries at03 ! ! cents pur pound , whllo for
homo consumption it brings 9-10 cents.
In an ollluial report of the French
secretary of state for 1880 , some llguroE
are given of the yearly profits realized
by boot sugar factories in Franco. One
factory realized $90,000 , and manj
others had from $52,000 to $54,000 ,
Other cases are cited of $71,001
and $70,000 , and ono factory Is men
tioned where the prolits in a single cnnv
puign were noaHy 50 per cent oa the
capital invested. On the 10th of Novonv
bar of that year , in a speech by the
director general of the budget com'
mission in the French chamber o
deputies , speaking of the profits of sugai
factories the following was stated
"Duty is paid according to a convon
tioiml yield , which is this year 0 poi
cent , but the true yield appears to be
nearly 12 per cent. Meanwhile 10 poi
cent may bo taken without oxaggoru
tlon. The sugar makers obtain a boned
on the yield of 80 to 30 per cent. Tin
actual situation is n loss to the treasure
ol 72,000,000 francs. " During the sousoi
ol 1889-00 it was ostlmat d that li
Franco about 600,000 acres of land wai
devoted to the cultivation of sugar boots
and it is said that the -factories durini
the period of active work gave employ
inout to 39,000 mon , at an uvornt'o of 71
cents par day , 4,000 women at 38 cent
and 3,000 , children at 84 cants.
vKoanuss IN amtMANr.
In Germany , owing to ' the dls.ibtrou
affects ol devastating wars , but llttl
progress was made lu the manufacturi
of beet sugar until about 1830 , whoi
there was 122 factories in operation
which Increased to 152 In 1841. Durini
that year a portion of tlio advantag
which the factories had enjoyed wu
taken from them by the imposition of i
light internal revenue tax on the oeot
used , nnd 7 of the factories closed. Th
allowing year the tax was increased ,
md 47 moro ceased operations , rcduc-
ng the number working to OS. The in-
iustry languished , owing to poorly con-
true-tod establishments and severe com
petition with cano sugar until 1815 ,
vlieu with the number of factories still
it 08 a further tux was Imposed on the
> ecls which reduced their number to 0(1. (
By this time marked Improvements
ind'bocii effected In the quality of the
beets grown , by which the yield of sugar
vas increased ; improvements also in the
n-oecss of munut'icturo were devised
vhich lessoned the cost of production ,
md lho growth of the Industry was
continuous , notwithstanding that the
jovornmont doubled the tax on boots In
8-51 and again doubled It In 1831 , after
vhlc.h no change was introduced until
85'J , when another Increase was made ,
ind for ten years no further government
ntcrferonco took place.
In the report of the United States Con-
mi General Edwards of Berlin , on the
) oet sugar industry of Germany , sub-
nittcd In March , 1800 , wo 11 ml that from
809 to 1883 the duty on sugar beets on-
orlng the factories was 1.00 marks per
100 kilos , equal to about $3.42 per ton of
.2,000 pounds , and from 18SO to 1888 ,
vhich provides for a reduction In the tax
on boots from 1.70 to 0.00 marks per 100
tllos , equal to about $1.28 per ton , while
an additional tux Is put on all sugar
nanufacturod of 12 marks per 100 kilos ,
) cing a-fraction over U cents per pound ,
rho drawback which is allowed under
this now law is as follows : For raw
sugar polarizing from 00 to 08 uur cent ,
and for refined sugar under 08 8.50
narks per 100 kilos ; for white sugars
Vom 08 to 09.50 , 10murks ; andforOJ.60
md over. 10.05 murks.
The object in view in all these changes
ms been to reduce the bounties which
sugar-makers have received through
.ho protection which the tariff has uf-
'ordod and the marjrin which the inter-
ml revenue regulations have allowed
them. The last change , whils some
what lessening the production of sugar ,
iaa made a favorable showing on the
ovonuo. During the fiscal year , 1887-
> 8 , before this now law went into force ,
, ho tuxes collected on boots and sugar
imountod to $28,170,100 and the rebates
on sugar exported to 825,125,184 , leaving
a not buluneo on sugar account of $3OoO ,
122 , showing that a very largo propor-
,1011 of the lax paid on the sugar con
sumed by the German people had boon
jivon by the government in indirect
jountlos to the manufacturers and in
drawbacks to enable thorn to supply
: houp sugar , often bolowtho cost of pro
duction , to Great Britain , the United
States. Canada and other purchasing
countries. In 1888-89 , while the opera-
, ion of the now law had lessoned the
total output of sugar and brought the
sum collected in tuxes on this article
down to $25,809,172 , It reduced the
amount paid in rebates to $19,058,088 ,
.caving a net balance in the treasury on
sugar account of $7,102,310 , a gain to the
revenue on a reduced production of
$4,011,388.
From an curly period the system of
taxation in Germany was so framed use
o prove a stimulus to improvements in
the methods of manufacture nnd to the
production of beets containing a high
i > erccntigo : of suar , us the price paid
'or them was in proportion to their
sugar contents in short , to extract the
.urgost proportion of sugur possible
from every ton of boots used , while tlio
system in opor.itipn in Franco prior to
18S4 had u very different effect. In that
vear , as already stated , a tariff was
adopted in Franco based on the Gorman
plan , and the results since obtained
allow a steady improvement. Neverthe
less , Germany still takes the lead , and
on account of the relative advantages
shaMias gained continues to make beet
root sugar cheaper than it is yet possi
ble to produce it in Franco.
The following table show the relative
progress of this industry in the two
countries , the number of tons of hoots
worked , the total sugar extracted and
the average percentage of sugar made
from the beets from the your 1872 to
1890. *
'Tlie followInis ( Inures nro believed to bo correct.
They ha\o been compiled partly from olllclitl data
nnd partly from the ' sugar lleul' aud "LIcht'B Cir
culars , "
It IICIB o.'ton boon stated that the farm
ers In Europe nnd especially in Ger
many are fully alive to the importance
Of cultivating beets on their land , nnd
to the profits of the crop. By tlio olllcial
records of the German government it is
shown that for eighteen years ending
with 1888 , which are the latest records
available , more tnan CO per cent of the
total quantity of beets used In the Gor
man empire for the manufacture of
sugar was grown by owners of the facto
ries , and less thnn 40 per cent by the
farmers , The average production on
the land worked by factories is said to
have been 12 tons per ncro in 1880,10
tons in 1887,11 tons in 1888,13 tons in
1889 , and In 1890 , according to the esti
mate of Mr. Llcht , It was 14 tons , The
number of factories working during the
eighteen years referred to varied from
311 to 401 , the number operating in 1888-
89 being 39U. Tlio average number ol
days of twelve hours which each ol
these factories worked during the period
named was seventy-eight. About 700 ,
000 acres of land are devoted to boot cul
ture , which IB sutd to bo about 3 } per
cent of the arable land of the empire.
Large profits are made by many of tlio
factories. In 1881 some details were pub
lished imo the dividends paid byllvoof
the largo establishments which were said
to bo ( is follows : 30 , 38 , 38 , 43 and 50 per
cont. In 1889-00 some of the Gorman
authorities state that many of the lac-
torles had made profits that year vary
ing from 20 to 50 per cent on the capital
invested. It does not , however , appeal1
that the farmers share to any great extent -
tent in thceo largo gains. In a report
made to the United States government
In 1888 by the United States consul nt
Crofold wo find the following : "The
business of farming in Germany hue
been for some years , nnd is now , in n
depressed and very unsatisfactory condi
tion. This fact is particularly apparent
in the prevailing low value of farms as
compared with previous yours. It h
said by these who uro in u position to be
well informed on the subject that in dis
triots which are remote Irom largo cities
and where the consumption of milk IIIK
other perishable farm products is small
that farming properties can bo pur
chased at 60 per cent of their formoi
value.
"The chief reason given for the caus <
of this depreciation is the universally
low prices steadily maintained for grair
and cattle , brought on the country ; it li
said , in consequence of the immons <
importation from Russia , America ant !
the East Indioa of similar articles of
food. , „ , V
"Tho siignr'1It1fanufi\ctorlc9 nro mostly
In the hands ohwmp.xnlos which control
largo ntnountf/ Jot capital , and only a
few establishments are in possession of
agricultural associations. Up to the
present date lbq government Irxs re
funded to the nitunifacturors the entire
duties collected on export sugar , and for
this reason ll/ity / dividends have boon
large ; but the farmers who produce the
beets do not seem to have boon benefited
by this liberal measure , as the price of
sugar boots 1ms ' been tending steadily
downward ? .
"Farmers nro now however growing
wise by experience , for they have lonrnt
that the conversion of their sugar boot
crops into hoof , by feeding them to cat
tle , Is a much moro profitable transac
tion than Belling them for sugar pur
poses tit present pricqs. "
"It is noticeable throughout Germany
that scientific and modern methods of
cultivating the soil are rapidly sunor-
scdlnp past usages , and that the busi
ness of farming is being conducted upon
the basis of higher intolll once and
businoss-liko principles. "
Mii.ir.tm' M.IT runs.
It is understood that the finding In tbo
couit martial case of Uolonol L. C. Overman ,
Corps ot Engineers , acquits that ofHcer of
the charges against him ,
A. report coinos from Iho White houio ihnt
the president hat decided to poHpono the
appointment of a brigadier general until the
roilroment of General Stanley in Juno noxt.
The reason nsMirncd for the delay is that the
president is utiablo lo tleclao botwocn the
candidates of Secretary Elklns and Senator
Proctor without offending ono or the other ,
nnd therefore prefers to make both appoint
ments nt the same tlmo. As previously
stntoil , Sccrolary Elhliis hns recommended
Iho appointment of Colonel Carr , and Sena
tor Proclor , Colonel Oils.
In Gorman nnd Auslrlnn society n second
lieutenant , of regulars occupies a higher
standing loan Iho most learned nrofcssor ,
eloquent advocate , or skillful puyslciin , un
less , Imply , Ihoso genllemen should hold
military rank outside their respective pro
fessions , ns many of them ito. In Prussia
Iho army or navy ofllcer must not sit in the
ouera stalls , lie Is too sublime a personage
for that. The stalls are for such inferior
bomgs us civilians , whoso social superior ho
"
is in virluoof his silver sword "not , no
matter to what subordinate slaliou of lifo his
family may belong.
The Armv and Navy Hegisler is authority
for Iho statement that some interesting de
velopments nro promised with smokeless
powder for the army. The ordnance ofllcials
have boon notified of the Intention of a Now
. England inventor , whoto composition has
already been successfully tried in the small
arms , lo furnish a sample of powder for
heavier guns and arrangements have been
made at Sandy HooU for Iho testing of the
article. The previous results obtained by
the army ordnance people with this powder
have prompted Iho gentlemen interested in
the prod jetton of the material to form a com
pany for Its further manufacture , and there
Is ovary likelihood that the coast defense
weapons , by tho'ttme they ere properly cm-
placed , will have Iho best of modern powder ,
General Flakier , chief of ordnance , hns de
tailed Captain Pitman to tnko charge ot the
now smokeless pofyder laboratory which will
bo started at thojl rankfort arsenal. The
selection of this ( oDlccr is an excellent ono.
Ho comes to the. duty wilh experience In
laboraiory work hhd n doslro for losuhs that
will load to a satisfactory solution of the
smokeless powilor'pioblom. All matters per
taining to the subject nro now sent to Iho
Frankfort arsenal , and if congress can bo in
duced lo appropriate n small" sum for the
proper flltlm ? Up of n laboratory , such ns
will bo needed for successful work , there is
no reason why there should not bo result * .
lrort IlobliiHon.
, George , , $ . Jewolt/bf A ne on , , , Neb. ,
completed and turuod ever lo the govern
ment lost Monday the now guard house.
Mr. .Towett loft yesterday for Cheyenne.
B. S. Paddock , post trader , received ofllc-
lal notillcation from Washington this morn
ing that ho was granted an extension of
time to close up his business from April 1 to
December ! , Ib92.
This week was ushered in by a snow
storm which conlmued for about forty con
secutive hours , depositing in that time six
inches of tbo "beautiful. "
Fires have been started in tbo uow guard
house to warm it up and test the steam
heating plant.
The steam laundry apparatus has arrived
and Mr. Wan Lee will have to dig up
ninety-livo big "Mohcan" dollars to pay the
freight charges.
Private Tilton. who has been in the Chad-
ron jail tor seine months charged with
sbootintr a woman in Crawford lust full , was
tried and acquitted , and roturaed to Iho post
this morning for duty.
Tnormometcrs registered ! = > below on the
night of the 15th.
Each day brings with it fresh reports about
change of stullon and Keeps every ono on Iho
anxious seat. Within the past ten days wo
have been going to every post In Arizona ,
Texas and Montana.
I'ort .Slilncj.
Lieutenant Sol E. Sparrow , adjutant
Twenty-lirst infantry , who is absent on
leuvo , has had his seven days ( post leave )
extended twenty days by the department
commander.
Lloutenant F. L. Palmer is acting ns post
and regimental adjulant during luo auscnco
of Lieutenant Sparrow.
The following nnmed recruits , enlisted by
Lieutenant Stamper at Lincoln and other
points in eastern Nebraska , nro recent ar
rivals hero : Leedy , Wadklns , Wrichl ,
Bowling and lloadand.
Corporals Koss nnd Uynn , company B ,
have been reduced to the grade of private by
sentence of summary court.
Prlvalo Joseph MoLaugblin , company A ,
bos been appointed corporal.
Iho transfer of Private Charles Bo wen ,
company F , Sixteenth Infnntry , lo company
E , Twoniy-flrst infantry , has been revolted
by War department order ,
The following men have recently boon dis
charged under the provisions of general
order No. 80 : Privates David Johnson , com
pany C , and James H. Durkln , company A ,
Twenty-first infantry.
The ' Fort Sidney Amateur Dramatic asso
ciation , ot which mention has heretofore
been made , went * to Fort Huesoll on ibo Oih
last , nnd played , J'purKoglmont" at the Post
theater. Tbo minority of the iroupo re
mained over unlU.tho Htb , in order to attend
a ball given in ttiolr honor. The tioupo were
the recipients Vifltnuch nttoniion nnd many
kindnesses , aiifl Jeft Fort Uussoll loud In
their praise of tjo oventeonth Infanlry us
goncrous hosts aud royal entertainers.
Lieutenant .i.jW. McAndrow has loft hero
for Columbus Barracks , Ohio , to which point
ho bad boon ordered for the purpose of con
ducting a dotnciip.ont of recruits for the
Twenty-first ijusntry , forty In number ,
Ihlrly to go Vh ort Handall , S. V. , the rc-
malmlor to bo brought hero.
The old soldiers hero are discussing the
establishment qjji [ garrison of the Hcgulur
Army and Navy union. It U learned from
posts where tbijsf [ posts nro in existence that
'
it creates a bettor , feolln'g and comradeship
among old solditrtt and gieatly lends toward
sociability in gonorfll , The ofllcers comment
very favorably upon the society , and promise
a future for the infant organization.
Tbo recent ilno weather broUo tbo lea in the
Missouri , a token ol an early uprlng in this
part of Undo Sam's country. *
Prairie chickens and Jack rabbits ftro very
plentiful around here , bccauio the guma law
protects thorn nt present.
Private Sherman , attached to company I ,
Third iufunliy , ro enlisted lalcly for com-
paoy F , Twenty-first infantry , stailoned at
Fort Handall , S. U. Sherman thinks the
Twenty-lirst foot lit bound to have a change
of station thl * year , not having had a change
for neorly olKht years.
Corporal Woracr , company C , Twelfth
infantry , relurnod from i-'ort Snolling last
Wednesday. Tbo corporal Had ch&rgo of a
detail conducting a military convict to that
post to servo out a year's sentence at hard
labov.
Tort McKliiiixy ,
The following changes have taken plac (
among Iho onllsled men at this port : Cor
poral Thomas J. Smith , troon "C. " SUU
cavnlry , discharged ; Prlvnto Martin McDon
ald , transferred frar. the band to company
II , Eighth Infantry ; Joseph E. Lupton , dis
charged from troop "h , " sixth cnvnlry , lut
month lifts rc-onllstod IP company H , Ktghlh
Infantry.
Lieutenant Elinor Lmsloy , Sixth cavalrv ,
wa1 * relieved from charge of the detachment
nt the log cnmp Mnroh U bv Lloutnnnnt E. N.
Jones , ti'ghth Infantry. Koports from the
camp nro to the ofloct thnt very little cmi bo
done in the way of cut ting timber for some
time to.como , owing to the great depth of
snow In the mountains.
Second Lieutenant K. N. Imo < , Eighth In-
fnntry , wn- detailed March 8 to proceed to
the log cam D nnd rcltovo Lieutenant Elinor
Llndsloy.
Llotitonnnt Llndsloy received ti mo'iajjo on
the Tth thnt brought him back lo the post ns
fnst ns his horse could entry him. The mos-
ingn li supposed to Imvo some connection
with the arrival of n little girl baby nt Iho
lieutenant's quartois that dnv.
Lieutenant C. P. Torret , Eighth infnntry ,
hiw boon transferred bv Wnr Oepartmont
orders from Company 1C to Company E ,
Eighth mfrtntry , chancing with Lloutonnnt
U. W. Kuthcrft , KiRht Infantry , n : present on
duty nt the Infantry and cnvnlry school , Fort
Leavcnworth , Kas.
Lieutenant C. U. Uitowood , Sixth cavalry ,
returned to the post last week with twenty-
four recruits for hta regiment. Ho reports
Powder river nnd Clo.tr crook ns nlmost 1m-
passable nt present and that his trip was any
thing but a pleasant ono.
The weather has finally ch.ingcd nnd wo
nro enjoying icgul'ir winter bllTY.ards otico
more.
The parndo ground Is again covered with
snow nnd cunrd-mounts , parades nnd nil that
hortof thing that were beginning to loom
up , hnvo taken back seat.
Paymaster William II. Comegys , with n.t
escort of Ninth cavalrymen , from FortKob-
inson , arrived at the post Suudnv evening ,
nnd the command Is now being paid lor the
muster ot February.
The men stationed nt Fort Sheridan , Illi
nois , that nro complaining of not receiving
their pay on the 1st day of the month , oupht
to bo stationed in this locality for a short
time and they would then have something
real to grumble nbout. They nro paid every
month , whllo Iho troops hero nro paid every
two months , und the paymaster never gets
around to us sooner thnn the l-lih and gon-
orrtlly nbout the 20th of the mouth , mid vet
there Is no grumbling up hero. Again they
claim thnt the married men nt Foil Sbctldnn
have n particularly hard time. Our married
people pay -15 to 60 cents a pound for butter
the snmo for ogs , 00 to SO conti n bushel for
potatoes nnd everything else in proportion ,
nnd Htlll they do not sit up nights walling
for the paymaster.
Wo are nil broken up , thnt is thosu ot the
Eighth infnntry nro , over the line pros
pect wo hnvo of changing stations sometime
in May or Juno no\t. It scorns pretty cer
tain teat wo will have a chance , but It is by
no means certain where wo will go to. The
sanguluo chaps will not bo satistled with
nnythlug but Vancouver Barracks , but Ibcro
are others who look gloomy and predict a
worse station than our present ono , although
they confess it would bo hard to llnd one.
For the lirst tlmo in almost two mouths
wo had tbo band out for guard mountlngon
the parade ground. The snow lias almost
disappeared and the ground is fast becoming
hard and dry. The companies nro out drill
ing under the now tactics ana the cavalry
are having battalion dull.
An Item in Tun BUR that arrived this
morning staling thnt General Schofield Is ut
work nuking out the list of changes of sta
tions of rcsimcnls , ha1 ? caused considerable
lalk In the post. Tbo EUnth infantry Is
hoping that the lightning will strike U , and
that if it dors gut n transfer , the regiment
will be nil together at some largo post. Ex
cepting the six weeks they were nt Camp
Crook in the fall ol 1SS9 , the Eighth has not
been stationed nt tbu same post since 1S71.
when they wcro at David's Island , Now
York harbor.
The weather continues line nnd It looks as
though the pardoners would soon be at work
ploughing und getting things ready for tbo
post gaidcn.
I'ort JCIIcy.
With a cavalry and artillery school and
rifle competition at this post it will bo a
lively place to live in next summer.
The plowing at tbo post garden has been
continued for a few days in order that Uncle
Jerry Rusk can work in a few moro rain and
snow storms.
Major Smith , pavmnstcr , was a welcome
visitor at the post Wednesday. It was n
very quiet payuny.
Captain Jacobs' horse sale last Monday
was a decided success. The animals old ,
young and crippled brought very fair prices.
Kansas farmcis would rather pay $ , rjO for a
bunged-up , played out cavalry horse than
ST3 for n 4-year-old horse which was raised
in their own county.
The Wlscners of Opdon , Kan. , wore tbo
lowest bidders to furnish the government
with horses for the cavalry service at B ort
Hiley. There is no doubt but what thev will
receive the contract.
A certain paper published in Missouri , near
the mouth of thoKaw , says it is nonsense to
move the bodies of the Seventh cavalrvmon
from Pine Hidge to this post. The wou"ld-bo
great militarv authority suys the national
cemetery is the plac-o for Iho final interment.
Whether it la nonsense or not the removal
will take place just thi same , and parties In
Omaha will receive the contract. Wo have
got a beautiful cemetery at this post , and as
the Seventh cavalry is going to remain hero
for several J ears yet there is nothing non
sensical about this commendable action of the
War department.
Maier Ilsloy in a letter to a friend saya : "I
am moro than pleased with Fort Hobiuson
and the Ninth cavalry. I felt a little home
sick at lirst , but as that feeling has worn
away I feel as though I have always lived
here. The Nebraska air is invigorating and
my usunl dallv walks over lo and beyond
the old Hod Cloud agency are n source of 011-
joymeut as well as physical exerciso. "
Sercrcant II. H. Smilb. signal corps , left
Thursday for Vancouver barracks.
The ofllcors and mon of the Seventh cav
alry nro raising a fund for the erection of n
monument , which will bo placed over the re
mains of tbo enlisted men whoso bodies will
bo brouunt to this post from Pine Hldgo for
permanent interment. The enlisted men
Lava como to the front and center in gallant
style and the fund has already reached into
tbo hundreds. It Is thought , the monument
will bo composed entirely of grnnlto.
John Turnoy , law first -sorcoant troop C ,
Seventh cavalry , was discharged some tlmo
ago intending to stay out of tbo army. Ho
changed bis mind aud enlisted for tbo in
fantry under nn assumed name. A few
'
week's in the "doagh ooys" was enough for
John. Ho was discharged by order of tko
War department and is now back In his old
troop.
Pursuant to instructions from Iho depart
ment commander. Captain L. K. Hare ,
Seventh cavalry , has transferred to Ltouton-
nut J. F. Boll , adjutant Soventti cavalry ,
from troop K , company fund , the sum of
51'Jl.CiO , ns per fiottlomoat approved by the
major general commanding the army , of the
balance of nn Indebtedness duo from troop
1C , Seventh cavalry , to the onhstcd men
formerly of iroop L , Revonlh cavnlry.
Privuto 1 Soe-O ( Plenty Fires ) has boon
appointed a bcrgoant in L troop , Seventh
cavalry.
Lance Corporal Hugh McCann , D troop ,
Seventh cavalry , has boon appointed a
corporal ,
Uccruits nro arriving nearly every day.
They are assigned to B and C troops.
Privates James A , Smith nnd Albert J.
Lewis have transferred from troop E lo
troop I , Seventh cavalry.
Lnnca Corporal Charles llayden , C troop.
Seventh cavalry , hns boon promoted corporal ,
viceCasnor discharged ,
Lance Corporal John Dolan , I troop.
Seventh cavalry , has boon juomolod corporal
to fill vacancy. Captain Qarllngtou is ono
of the tow ofllcers remaining In tbo army
who recognize true merit ,
Ono Ml mm- .
Ono rolnuto time often mattoi a groit dlf
fcronco aouommulo reniody for bronchllls
choking up of the throat , lung * , etc. , fo
oursu U a bloislug. Cubab Coujh Cure U
such a romodv , For alu by all druggists.
Cubeb Couth Cure Onomlnute.
A dlsoaso , treated as uuoh and perm a
nontly cured. No publicity. No infirm
ary. Homo treatment. Harmless and
effectual. Ilofor by permission to Bur
lington Ilawkeyo. Send io ! stamp for
pamphlet Shokoquon Chemical Co. ,
Darlington , la.
Omaha compressed yeast strictly pure.
OMAHA
and Jotters' Directory
AWNINGS AND TUNTti.
OMAHA TENT & AWNING -
ING COMPANY ,
Una * . lmtnmnck < , nil nml
fiiMirr Plnttiltit Him 1 fur
citnloffue. lllirnrnain
HAGS AND TWIN'ES
BEMIS OMAHA BAD GO BISHOPS CD.
Importer ! nml murjf e-
turer . St'nl , timnttln. cotton
TOIIO , licmp , jntp. rot *
riourSnokt , llnrlnni ami ton Iwliii tnrrnl lonl
Twine. JiKt. \ . ot HIJX IStli ft.
BICYCLES.
M.O. DAXOH ,
lllc.rclcs soU on month ! ?
piftncnt ) .
13) .V.litli t , Onrnlix
BOOTS AND SHOES.
MOnSE-COESHOECQ ,
1101 Uorrir.l Strost
Knoinry corner llltinnil IMuulM MrM'.i.
Wo nro maklnz clo o ptlooi to onli b lyuri , in I are
fullltii : n dial of umnli which IIurr ; ilo-
nbloivlth iiiorcliinti.
KltWNDAU , JONES AMERICAN HAND SEW
Cl ( , , ED SHOE CO.
\Vho1ojnlo Mnnufnctirri
Aiicnti for lUntori Huh- nools. choa , , rubberi
bcr Shoo Co , 111) . ' , 1101 nnd felt uoinlj.
mUllMHnrnojratruol. 1501-fi llnrnay ntrjal .
CONFECIHONEUV.
VOEDEIE&DINNIND
Mfr Cotnrectlonrn nnd
Jobbers of rurclKn nnd
( lomeMlo frult , HID
Howiinl ft.
CARRIAGE TOPS.
OMAHA CARRIAGE TOP C. J. ANDERSON.
CO.
, Mnmifncturni liimy t < I"
A. T IMrliManiRjr , Lacks , cushion * , ttu ,
Top" , i u'hloni. llnek' ,
Di'iho * , etc. Semi for CntnloKuc
211 N 15th at. - Umihi 31'J S l.'lli street
COAL , COKE , | CORNICE.
OMAHA COM , COKE & EAQIECORVICE WORKS
LIME CO. , Mnmlfncluror. of ( ) . > !
vanUutlron Cornice.
llnrd and rntl coil. 8 K. Window uipj , met tlio
corner Kith and etc. Ilium.
trcots * ! ' -
CLOTHING.
DLOTCHKY& , COHEN , GILMORE&RUHL ,
Gent * ' furnUhlntf poodi , Manufacturers nnd
clothing nnd notions
Glvo us n trial.Votcn.l \Vholo ale Clothlorj ,
samples oxprais uru-
. 110J Hrtrncy stroni.
ptld. I11J llarnoy.
DRY GOODS.
M.E. SMITH & . CO. , KILPATRICX-KOQH
DRY GOODS CO. ,
Dry peed * , notions , fur-
nlshln.'KojU Dry K0oi1 , nottoni , tfdnti *
furnUIiln.4 wood *
Corner llth nad Howard. Cor. lltU ntiil Iluwnrdsti *
ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES
WOLF ELECTRICAL CO. ,
Illustrated citalogua
free ,
1011 Cnpltol ATcnuo.
FURNITURE
BEEBE&.RUNYAN FUR-
NITURECO. ,
Grace and llth sti.O.na'ii
GROCERIES. DRUGS , Etc.
D. M.STEELE&.C3. , BLAKE , BRUCE & CO. ,
1201-120J Jones street , 10th and llarney , O.iiiba ,
Onnhi , Nob. Neb
I GRAIN.
S.AMC WHORTER ,
215 Hoard of Trail
I'rokor In Krnin , provl-
Slonnndtock * Prlvnto
wires to N. V. , ClilcnKO
and bt. Lonli
HATS , ETC.
DATE CITY HAT CO W. A. L. GIBBON & , DO. i
Hut * , caps , Btrnw Kood * . Hat * , cap * ,
Kloves , mittens Owners and mitten i ,
celebrated < jato ( Ity
hat. llth and llarnoy. 12th and Ilnrney.
HARDWARE.
RECTOR & WILHELMY LOBECK&LINN ,
CO. , Dealers' hnrduuro und
Cor. 10th nnd Jnokjonijts mcthaulcs' tools.
Omaha. HOI DoiiKlas ijtrcet.
LU.MHER.
CHAS. R. LEE , JOHN A. WAKEFIELD ,
Hardwood liinihor. wool
cnrpoK nnd ( irtrqujt tmixirlol Amffrlcvi 1'iirt
tloorlnK , Inn ! cc-ntnt , Mll riniii > i
hyilrnKllrcrment nnd
rtli nnd Douil t * . ijulncy nhlta llute.
LIQUORS.
ILER&C1. , FRICX& , HERBERT ,
Manor MerchMit * .
llUllnrnay StreoJ , \Vhulo3.i1o Ih'.ior ilcnleri
KniifMlur'n Konnj ly'i
Kant IndU Hitter i. 10)1 ) rurnim't.
"MILLINERY
etc , nrilvrs | iromiit. Vim I'J.f
H. llth M.
HB-I'S ' S inth M Oinnhi.
MUSICAL.
A.IIOSPt , R ,
I'lanoi , orjini. iirtliti.
miterUli , etc
151 / Domini stroj'
OILS.
CONSOLIDATED TANX SNOW DROP OIL
LINE CO , , No 1mil odor , no mnokT
rMimmy , lit ] clinrrliin
Itotlnod nnd lubrtcitliK of nick' . Ankjour gro
dll , nile nnv53 , oto. cer for It.
OYSTERS.
A.eaOTHPACKINO CO. PUTT & CO. ,
Ili'i Ojsters , Flih nnJ ( .Vbr/ .
Tuckers nf oyitorj ,
nn I cjlorjr. 31 ! > South Oft Sb
ItflliUiTonwurth st D.ivlJ Cole , Mint or
OVERALLS , SHIRTS. ETC.
RDBINSON&STQKESCO ,
' ' ' "Hurt * *
Mntiufnrturera of "K .V m'f'B colo'irntol
nKIn * Overall i , imnl %
Si"l > iiiil * . shirt * , V ii\tM-
nUautcbU13 * . llth-st MilrK , co ill , etc. llusl
O mi hi.
PRODUCE COMMISSION.
Ketiilillshed , 167 . BRANCH &Ca.
WHITNEY & CO. L'roiluco , fruit t of nil
Duller , im ami Poul
klnits
. , ojrstori ,
try.
31P 8. nth at. - Om Urn 13th and Hnnior Street *
RIDDEU& CO. , 0. PEGAU ,
Commission M or o h n nt ,
Duttcr chcoso , oifji.TOt- Troducu , Duller , 1C , ,
ctntiloi , frultj , poultry Chjo < o nnl Poultry
inh nnd llonnrd bit.
Omnhn.
MC CLAIM BINDHAM&SDN.
Pppclnlttoj. tnittor. out Sonduunr Ks ! , II it
choono. siuultry. uto. Js'o tor , Poultry , ( iurno ,
n-i llci itjt It , N'j ; llldut , iu
bank. 1701-3 l < oi jntvjr.'i 35.
SCHRQEDER & CO. MOORED FERGUSON.
Hultcr , l'iiH. t'hoo o ,
Cni-h lin > crs Inittor nml 1-rulli , 1'oullrj. ( ininiil.
CKKK : handles nil other AgaMt for Mycr'n Ito
imnliicc on commission llursu nnd Cutllis Splii >
4.MS llth St
. ' -O..S llth t - Oinnliit
CREELEY&CO. , J.B. HUSE4.CQ.
lluttor , cans noiiltry Our npecliltloi. liiitter.
H inie , hides nnd dull oitKa niil poullr ) , K'li '
1UJ7 Honurd at Howard etrcet
W.E. RIODELL
\Vhol nIo butter A , c z
Ihijs nnd ncll.H { or
cash 4U. . llth Ht
PAPER.
CARPENTER PAPER CO KIND PAPER CO.
\VrapnlriK paper , nil kind J
Carry i full tock of
of twines , ct.i
prlntlnir , wrapping nnd
HOS llonurliU
wrlllnn paper , card pa-
par , ota To I. 17J )
STOVE REPAIRS.
OMAHA STOVE REPAIR
WORKS ,
Stovn reputrj and wvtf r
KttiichmentH for uny klnl
of sto\o matlo.
I2J7 DouitH *
SASH I TOYS.
M.A. DISBRQW&CO. H. HARDY
,
Manufitcturori of gash , Toys , dolli , a lu u mi ,
doori , bII ml and fnnor BOOdi. liouiofur-
nl.hlnx KooJi , chll.l-
moulding * , llranch of-
flcc , 12th nnd liard 3ti ron' < cnrrlaKOs.
UI'J Knrnnm Street.
SOUTH OMAHA.
UNION STOCK YARD3 CO. , - LIMITED
COMMISSION MERCHANTS.
ALLEN ROOT & 00. , GASYIAH4
ItoomlU L7xchnn Ilooim , ) nni 01 Id-
Hoili : ! clniu3 b illdlnic.
Omaha. bouth Oil.llit.
PLASTERS
The only safe way for purchasers is lo insist on having the
genuine article , and not allow themselves to be swindled by
having plasters said to be "just as good , " or "containing
superior ingredients , " imposed upon them. These arc only
tricks to sell inferior goods that no more compare with
ALLCOCK'S Pouous PLASTERS than copper does with gold.
One trial of Allcock's Porous Plasters will convince
the most skeptical of their merits.
The eminent HENRY A. MOTT , Jr. , Ph.D. , F.C.S. , late
Government Chemist , certifies :
" My investigation of ALLCOCK'S POKOUS PLASTER , shows it to
contain valuable nnd essential ingredients not found in any other
plaster , and I find it superior to and more efficient than any other
plaster. "
Beware of imitations , and do not be deceived by misrepre
sentation. Ask for ALLCOCK'S , and let no solicitation or expla
nation induce you to accept a substitute.
lnslantlr t ° P' " 10 raolt eicruclntlnn paln > ! no crf ll toslTooauto the mtrorai.
For cpralns. nriiNei. Jncfoie'ie , pilit in fia chnst or hlihi , liB.iliio'u , tint'nciB ' ,
or any external pain , a few applications , ruboad on by hand , act UUo maziu , ciius-
inc the pain to instantly stop. KorcongostiiiJii , InlUiii'iuUirii , rlia.t initlsm , 11011-
rftliclu , rumlwiro , srlitic.1 , | uir ! > in the simll of tlio luis'f , mo.-o oxtondpJ. and lo
pouted applications are necessary : All liitariul pilns , dliirrhd ) i , dmoihrcJllr ,
spasms , nausei , fulntini'saclls , norvoasiioM , slomrfomeHf , are relieved Instantly
and oulcklv cured by talcing inwardly 20 tofl'J ilropa in half a tumbler of water.
CO conta iv bottle ; sold by druY'tflbU With HAD WAV'S PILLS there is no bolter
cure or | iroTcnUve of I'M or nnd Ague.
JOSEPH GILLOTT'S '
STEEL PENS.
COLD MEDAL , PARIS EXPOSITION , 1889 ,
THE MOST PfflFEGT OF PENS.
TO WEAK MEN BDfftrinif youtlifuUrronl the t flv < Is frcnv ft
mr1ydec jr , wMllnicweaknuu , J t inauliiiixl , * io.
I will neml nvolualilo trimtlwi ( " IwJJ inulHlnlat
fulluirtlculan for lume cure , I'llIvK of iliarev.
A rlAcinllil nn ai < al work i hiiiilil U ruiul tor \ vrf
man wlxi U iiPrvniK utxl cleMIHuUil.dclrtu ,
1'roC P. U.