12 THE OMAHA DAILY BEE ; SUN/MY. / MARCH G , 832-S1XTI3EN PAGES.
MALTA AND THE MALTESE
\7hat Wftkeman Lsarnod While Sailing
from Palma to Valotta.
( NTENSE NATIVE HATRED OF THE ENGLISH
TiiiiUlnii .Morrlmnt Monrm tlio
of Hitrlmry Itiicl.it Alllnltlpsor tlin Mnt
n Douinitlo rellrlty cm u Urlgnn.
tlno View ol 1'iilr Viilottn.
VAi.r.TrMalta , FJ ! ) . 0. [ Correspondence
Of TnKilRR. | The Latin races dwelling to
the north of the Modltorranoan , and nil
these of oriental extraction to the south und
cast , look upon the KnclUh occupation ot the
island of MnlU and the two contiguous lessor
Islands of Comlno and Uozo In much the
nanio spirit as they regard the occupation oi
Gibraltar by the Kngllsh-thatls , In an evil
nnd vengeful spirit. Tbo fact could have no
clearer illustration than In the sontlmanU
oxprosiod by the captain of the coaitor upon
wbloh 1 made my way from Majorca to
Malta , and by the only olhor passenger bo-
sldos myself upon the odd little brigantlno
upon which wo sailed.
My companion passenger came aboard at
Tunis , where wo touohoJ to land Majoroan
wlno , iiaklneupour part cargo of wlno for
Malta with Tunisian hides and wheat hi
curious little brown aao'w which worn tlod
in tbo ml'Jdlo and stowoJ away lu the hold
criss-cross , as you wou'.d lav dumb bolls oaoh
upon the other.
Our crow comprised six half naked nnd
barefooted Maltese sallow with cotton Jtrou-
sore , crimson scarfs certainly 30 foot long
wound about tholr waist * , ugly .sheath knlvos
In these , nnd no other clothing whatever save
tiny tasseled caps restlug jauntily upon the
crisp and curly hutrof thoirhard llttio heads ,
They were little , wiry follows , the best sail
ors In tbo world , it is said , with snapping ,
beady eyes , sharp , short noses , thick lips ,
splendid tooth , and altogether as tnorry and
sunny-naturoda lot as you could llnd sailing
upon any sea.
On a Multr.HO Ilrlgnntlno.
The captain was of Spanish extraction and
Maltese birth. Ho had boon a fisherman of
Vnlotta ; had saved his money ; had got an
education at the free English schools of
Malta ; and from the vocatloa of port pilot
hadcomoto o.vn the craft which ho com
manded. In his little cabin were mauv
good books , both tn Spanish and Eaallsh ,
and bis surroundings in his tiny sea homo
were as pleasant , and certainly moro evident
of education , rclinommit and good taste than
you will often find In cabins of the most pro-
tonttous American sailing vessels.
Uts wire , Teresa , and nine children , the
latter grading in size from an infant in arms
to a lad of U as regularly as a not of tea pins ,
and nearly as naked , cooked for and waited
upon us , lending a band at light biMincn's
duties whenever required with wonderful
agility , adding to the plcturesquonoss of the
ovory-day life of the tmv vessel , nnd provid
ing those blcssodost of all sounds at sea , the
voice of woman aim thn prattle of children.
Not the least picturesque object on board
our brlgantino wus our other passenger , who
with the dried hides , which ho resembled in
visage , bad boon taken on at Tunis. Ho was
a Tunisian merchant trading between Tunis
and Malta. Wo all treated him with much
consideration because his ( lowing robes and
while burnoose , which took up a good deal
of room , puvo this otherwise measly-looking
man a most Important appearance , and , un
consciously , I presume , because ho owned
tno hides and wheat. Then , too , ho wus
very bland and ngrooable , a peculiarity of all
Moslems when they uro found one mile away
from homo.
Mobility of tlio .110510111.
You will notice this characteristic if you
travel much about the Mediterranean. In
their own homos , streets and shops there nro
no moro Imperiously grave , importurbaolo
and sodden human than Turk , Arab and
Moor. But let them once turu their faces
toward Christian ports and profit , and their
manner and bearing at oncu cbango. They
seem to have suddenly become ready-greased
with graciousness for all trade ana social
exigencies. Their striking habilamants no
longer comport with tholr reputed dignity of
character. The bags on their beads and their
ample robes and sandals suggest the harle
quin. Neither Yankees nor Greeks are a
match for thorn in the subtle shulllinRS and
diplomacies of trade. In fact they are the
"Oily Gammons" of tbo Mediterranean.
In the long , languorous days and glowing
evenings of our lazy sailing thov wore both ,
tbo Maltese captain and the Tunisian mer
chant , moro to mo than weeks of desultory
, meetings of tholr kind In their own lands.
They were both intelligent , companionable ,
and both spoke English fluently. Their true
feelings and oplnionn came gradually and
surely out of the confidential companionship
sea voyages universally linpol. They repre
sented , In heredity , education and focllnc ,
the implacable and endless religious and race
war between the people of thu Crescent and
the Cross. Tbo forefathers of each bad
doubtless boon Main defending the banners
of one or the other. Tbov typified Christian
Europe pitted against Infidel Africa und
Asia.
Mulloso Unto Tlinlr Kiigllsh Mantor * .
But nil race and religious hatred was blent
Hi a common hatred ot the English masters
of Malta.
To reach tbo sentimental reason of this 1
constantly espoused the English cause. To
the Maltese captain I pointed out bis own
successful career , nnd reminded him deli
cately that bo would huvo remained an Igno
rant and Impoverished fisherman but for this
very English rule which ho lesontcd.
"SI. si , soi.or , " ho would sadly reply ; "but
I would not have bad the devil of greed sot
to work in my heart. I urn now moro hun
gry for a great ship than I was at first for a
little felucca. "
"tint has not the condition of your 150,030
follow countrymen of the islands boon vastly
Improved ! "
"Mv follow countrymen grieve over the
parsing away of the old thiiics which tboy
loved. A little higher wall to ono's patch of
ground , another room or two added to one's
home , n little moro finery in ono's oars or on
ono's back , or a little moro coin clinking be
tween the fingers , do not make peasant folks
bolter or happier. They cannot become like
their masters , They learn only to envy them
und to bo ashamed of themselves and ouch
other. I would give my brlgantino and all
but but Teresa and tbo nlnus ( children ) , "
tbo captain woild conclude with an Indo
Hcrlbably pathotlonnd loving gesture of pro
tcctlvo fondness , which included all the
romping curly-heads on chipboard , "to live
iu a hut by the shore and see tbo rod coats
uo more forever. "
Opinion * ofii iMiiKHiilmiiii Merchant ,
The grief of my TnnlMaii f ollow passenger
was of a dlfleront sort , though it was none
the loss real und poignant ; bat it was mill
RUled also by tbo fanatical belief thft eora
tune the Mussulman faith and folk will prevail
vail nnd rule all lands.
"Christian pillngo nnd despoliation , " hi
would feelingly say , "havo been the real mo
llvo of every so-called holy crusade and ox
pedltion against us whom you call Infidels
but who alone worship the one true God. Th
lOnpllsh hnvn profited greatest by conquos
under cover of piou proteuso. "
I called bis attention to the fact that , with
the exception of England' * quasl-occupatloa
of Egypt to secure payment for moneys ud
ranoea by English capitalists in connection
with the Suez canal scheme , and tbo rucon
establishment of n trading post at Capo Juby
on tbo west Morocco coast , Great Britain die
not claim to po&iesa , or bold , a foot ot soil ti
, which any riiutaulman race bad the sllghtes
possible hereditary right.
"Ah , but Gibraltar ! Malta I"
Tbli would be uttered iu paiilouale ex
cluniaUon and with bis face as baleful as
fiend's.
, "They wore ouco ours , with Andaluz , on
i gate us tbo cuiplro of all Africa and suprem <
. , ocy upon the Mediterranean. "
"Surely , bui only through invasion an
butchery , " I replied , borryluc him a lit
tlo. "Simuly for pillage tbe Berber in
vader , Tarik , took Gibraltar nnd oyerca
outhcru Spain , to 711 ; with tbe same pur
pose your Berber ancestors , in 70S , took JMDI
sM Ion of and heldlho Balearloislanils foriSl
year * , nnd about n thousand yours ntro vou
seized nnd hold Malta until the Normans dis
possessed you. Moslem rights were not de
prived by your oxpuMon from lands whcro
you did not belong , "
Itiirlmry No More.
"But our Imperial Barbary M cut Inlo
pieces , \\onronomoro u mighty people.
Our temples nnd our treasure * nro gone I" ho
passionately retorted.
"So nro your pirates nnd slaves , " I per
sisted unfeelingly. "Those nro the sort of
things civlll/alfon will never again tolerate ,
it will never disturb an oarnesl nnd zoalom
religion , built wilt surely eventually oxtlr-
pate any rollplon or race that dcprlvqj ttio
lowliest of Its followers and people , men or
women , of equal justice. "
Ho would not dwell upon this implied con
trast between Christianity and Mohamodnn-
Ism , but continually bow.xllod the English
possession of Gibraltar mid Malta ns n men-
nee to nil oriental supromnoy , .and the direct
cause , or permissible cause , of tbo dlsmom-
bermont nnd appropriation of northern
Africa by Sp.Mn , Italy nnd Franco. Ilo nd-
mlttod that its development , especially lu
Tunis , Tripoli and Algeria , bad boon marvel *
( us within the last quarter of a conturv ! that
Gibraltar nnd Malta In the hands ot thu Eng
lish guaranteed permanent nnd peaceful
trade with all Mediterranean countries by
the Hoots of the whole world ; nnd oven con
fessed that without this very English stra
tegic supremacy in the Mediterranean bis
own safety with hh hides and wheat , In
transit from Tunis to any neighboring port ,
would bo extremely problematic If not alto
gether Improbable.
In such unusual convorjo with these
strange folk the voyngofrom Pal inn to Malta
was passed. I was often nhlo to load the
momentary topic from Moors to Maltoso.ntid
thus secured much valuable In for mat ion con
cerning the real as well as the sentimental
condition of the luttor.
I.uvo of lllrth I.und ,
Two very interesting facts developed
through the apparent extraordinary Imtrua
of English rulori by the captain nnd
Tunisian , nnd tholr xcoming mutual affection
'or the common people of Mallh , the folk
who were its peasantry oven before its duys
of chlvnlrv under the old knigbts of Malta ,
whoso docds and fume were the most lumin
ous in all medieval history.
The first was the passionate love all Mal
tose have for tholr storllo , nun-unitedsirocco-
swept little hump of rock to which they
cllug , und nurture so lovingly that it returns
them , conditions boiti considered , tbo most
bounteous and luxuriant rewards of any
equal area on thu face of the earth.
"Flower of the earth" they call
tlio treeless spot. "My country
adored" tboy over name the cnssol or vil
lage where they were born. And as "tho
purgatory" or penance spot they Know any
othoy laud bonoatb the sun to which neces
sity bus led them.
I have noticed this same almost patholl-
callv ' desperate affection for ono's birth spot
to b'o true in olhor rugped nnd storiln abodes
of mon. Nothing , could Induce tbo half-
frozen people of Labrador to quit those
regions ot silence and desolation. The High
land crofter of Scotland is u spiritless , hourt-
Lrokon man when forced from his wild
straths and glens. Who that bus stepped
foot on the Arran islands , off Galway , oversaw
saw other suoh pictures of hopjloss poverty
nnd suffering ) Yet for generations their
people nave clung to tbo rocks , like the dolorous
rous pulllns which nest lu their sides imild
tbo Atlantic's bowlings nnd no power has
been sutllclcnt to tear them away from their
.starvation and wretchedness.
More Arab Than .Spanish.
It was a curious thing , too , to learn from
the Tunisian that tbe peasantry of Malta
were moro Borbar nnd Arab than Greek ,
Italian or Spanish. By all ulllnltles , save the
ono of rollcion , bo claimed them ns brethren
to a man. In their customs , supor&titlons
nnd many of their bomcside wa\s , as well as
lu nearly all methods , or rather watitot
method , in agriculture they nro , ho claimed ,
piocisely like the Bcrbortribo farmers in thu
valleys' behind Tunis and Algiers. But
more"striking than nil else , In proof that the
Multeso were bis kindred , vas bis claim
which I have since found to bo true , that
while nearly all spoKc u sort of English ,
Italian or Spanish patois , every ono could
nt any moment cross into northern Africa and
converse with the natives in a measurably
pure Arabic tongue.
"Wo nro at Malta , senor. Would you look
upon sleeplnc Valetta from tnoseaiutho
early morning ! "
buch was lue cheery call of our captain as
wo approached tbo most famous Island of tbo
Mediterranean. When I i cached the deck
our craft lay u league distant from port , al
most Imperceptibly moving toward the white
island and whiter city ever a ripploloss sea ,
with sails scarcely filled by the faintest of
broe os which merely wlilspcred of the morn
ing ; for the sun seemed to hang a tremendous
deus globe ot crimson on thn sea horizon ,
away ever there between Greece and Crete.
My eyes never oeforo beheld so transcen
dent and radiant a scene. The wboln bosom
of the sea seemed enveloped In a downy man
tle of pearl , gold and crimson , winch , lyin , '
low upon the wutar , showed countless
changes of color , aud possessed the added
marvelous eftoct of lifting nil discernible ob
jects to an unwonted altitude.
View of Vnlutta.
Our brigantine , with other craft here and
there about us , appeared to ride upon
an opalescent , intingiblo yet palpable
surface of softly flaming cloud. Though
Sicilv lay sixty miles to the north , its Hhoro-
lino. lifted vertically , and not in the mlruge ,
showed strangely uoar , with Iho huge cone
ot yEtna like a spoar-huad of silver above.
But where are tbo words with wnluh to
paint for another's seeing the island and its i
ancient city of the iCuigbts as they rosa out '
of the pulsing , throbbing lints of that glor
ious morning witchery } If ono could dream
that the gods had transformed the sea Into a
bed of cameo rose , and , through cycles ot
time , witb their most cunning artificers
wrought it intp miracles of lilai'rnc , and
then-chiseled upon it a white relief of the
Island's area , vvnoso wondrous dcslcn had
culminated in outlines aud detail of fnassivo
grandeur and matchless simplicity where
the city of fortresses and palaces stood , a
vague hint of this morning scene could come
with the dreaming and socming.
And on .tnls morning , as wo slowly
glided into the caslcrn of the two ports ,
utter silence brooded over thn v.ist bleached
battlements. Escarpments , terracesbhstions ,
entablatures and huge flat roofs-wore lifeless
and still. Tbo shipping was tlagless , appa
rently crewless an'd still as though graveu
from onyx into the picture.- Not an oar
stlrroa the mirroring harbor. Not u thing
having lifo stirred or was visible , save wbtn
our craft swung around and tugged at her
anchor , the rays of the sun , shooting over
Ylttorlosa'B ramparts , struck the golden
spears upon St , Elmo's bastions. Tboy rout
ed a myriad of drowsy Jnckdaws. which rose
in Hoiks aud hoarsely sorfnmod. This was
our only welcome to Malta und Impregnable
Valotta. EnuvuL. WAKIIMVX.
United Suites Alarlnu Html ,
Tbo United States Marine band of Wash
ington | s about to crois tbo continent to San
Francisco , stopping at corlaln designated
cities , fill an engagement ill 'Frisco , continuo
south to Los Angeles , north to Portland and
return bySt. Paul , Minneapolis nnd Duluth ,
Chicago to the null mal capital a foal never
before undertaken by any largo organization.
The care in every detail of arrangement Is
hardly comprehended by tbo average reader.
The hours possitilo to every stopping place
are uccouuted for ta tbo second , Tn fnsuro
the exact fulfillment of every minute' run
ning time special coaches und n.any Hporml
trains are required. Probably no Hpoclal
train ever sent out surpassed this train as it
will bo made up , convoking Its distinguished
passengers , sixty or moro In number.
It is by thu grnco of Provident Harrison at
the request of Secretary of the Nat y Tracy ,
that the Marino baud U granted tbo lur-
lough that makes It possible for U to go on
such a journey. Tbo baud is a government
institution , permanently stationed at Wash
ington , mm is ospnulullv dovo'.oa to the whlto
bouse aud the president's requirement * . Tno
present Is tbo Becoiid tour ever permitted by
tbo president. It therefore oartako * some
what of a uatlonal novelty , aud mun attract
almost national attention.
Lovers of bai\d mmia in Omaha will bo
granted an opportunity of hearing this great
organization ou tboVOtb of this month , mati
nee and evening , and thin they owe to the
enterprise of the Apollo club , which shall
surely receive tbo full support it undoubt
edly deserves.
Cou.vcii , BLUFFS , la. , Aug. 8 , ' 30. Dr , J. B.
Moore : I fool it la not only n privilege , hut
a duty , to say a good word tor your Catarrh
Cure , After doctoring with several nf tbo
best specialists of thu country without relief ,
I was advised to try your Catarrh Cure , nnd
am pleased to say I am entirely cured. Yours
truly , W. A. SutoMi ,
Traveling Agent Fairbanks Scale Co.
Fur sale by all
RAJ1BUNGS AROUND ROME
Sights and Soundi to bs Enjoyad Daring a
Stay in the Eternal Oity.
AT ST , PETER'S ' ON PURIFICATION DAY
llcnrlrcl nnilVni Mur-
tlorcil A Olrcim In the Oi > ll oum UIIBCII
MiirRhurltti' * Untiling Uiioni Mr * .
( Irnonil Creel ( ' li
HOME , Fob. 15. [ Correspondence of TUB
lliiR.J Wo spent the JlrU few days of our
May in Homo driving around , 10 asto have
mi oxtonor view of tliu wonders wo hoped to
explore Inter. Our "anchor , " who Is won
derfully Instructed in the history of modern
Homo , took us every dnv n now route. Ilo
told us the tin mo ) of 831 ohurchov showed us
innutnorublo manuuionts , fountains , pilixcos ,
nnii would wave his hand , ns wo approached
anything modern , mid say , with a shrug and
n sneer , "No eootl ; not autlquo. " Seeing
how impossible it is to "do" Uonu In six
wi-cUs , wo huvo dotorminca to see
"Her groves , her tutnplut. nil thtnjs tint in-
splre
Wonilor , delight , "
as far as wo can , only attoniDlltig to 100 the
very host suulpturos and painting * . Wo nro
familiar with the oxtcrlor of the Coliseum
St. Peter's , the Pnrtliunoii , the Forum , from
tlio pictures wo have known from childhood ,
but no painting or photograph over convoyj
to the in hill the Immensity of these ruins , or
the grandeur of St. Peter's. The degradation
to which the colossal ruths of the Coliseum
have boon subjected tills us with itmarumcnt.
Ono popu trli'il to utilize It for u woolen
mauuiaulory , another attempted ta convert
the nroudes Into shops , and In the middle
apes It was a fortress. For UOO years H sup
plied the Kuuiuii piiucos with material to
build their villas. TlioUarboilni andFarncso
palaces wore moatlv built fioni iu ruins.
Wo drove to the Plnclo , now n modern
park , where thn wealth and fashion of Homo
ana thu strangers within horgates do congregate -
gate to hear the military hands and see thn
beautiful and gracious Queen Mnr hurlta
with her gorgeous coachman in red und gold
drive by. It Is the same old story from San
Francisco to London , a dtivo around the
park , liitoning to music , hut paying rnoro at
tention to the toilets of the fair women , the
"rich In chaises , " the poor looking on and en
joying them ; thu same old story of what
Aliss Tnackeray called "a fashionable halo of
sunset and plnlc parasols. " And this Is tlio
Plncio , onuo a deserted waste , where , in the
middle ages the ghost of Nero was believed
to wander.
Wlioro I.ucullus DlniHl.
In Imperial times the Pinclo was the site
of the villa of Lucullus. Afterwards it be
longed to one of CUudlus' friends , Asi.iticus ,
but Mossalin.i , tne infamous wife of Claudius ,
had false accusations mudo against AsUtlcus
and he was condemned to death. After his
death Mcssnliim took possession of the villa
and there Hold high revel with her numerous
admlicrs und trlcnds as wanton in she.
Claudius returned to Homo ftom the armv ,
having board of her treason , detoimmeu to
punish her mid her paramours. Her lovers
were immediately put to death , and while ho
was debating in Ills mind wholhor to punish
or forgive , for wilh nil her wickedness bur
beauty and fascinations still neld sway over
the not less wicked Claudius , an enemv of
Messaliivi had given an order to some centou-
rion to slay her , by the omporor's command.
The mother of Mesiallnn had not deserted
her m her trials , though when fortune smiled
they had not , boon friends , and had striven to
muko her daughter lake her own lifo.lti those
benighted days considered the most
honorable way of oxlt from a disgraced llfo.
But she lacked resolution and was tinally
killed by the centurion. This was the llulo
story uiy friend told mo as wo drove around
the Pincio. listening to the music of tbo
band , watching the gay crowd ot lloumns ,
foreigners , soldiers , in carriages , 11(001 ( and
on horseback. The moU perfectly graded
road , lined with statues , columns , Da- > -
relieves , amid magnificent old trees , shrubs
and Hoxvors , leadb to the to ; ) of this hill , and
from the tcrraco , ! ) UI ) foot ubovo the streetwo
have ono of thu finest panoramas of Homo.
Three-fourths of the city can bo seen ,
palaces , caurohos , toward , domes from the
Ghetto to the Trastovero , b-yond tms villa
Uorm Pamphili ; to the loft the Campacna ,
blue und uiidorlniing as the ssu , the dome of
St. Filter's , rising half in the ikv , half In the
city , Mount Marie , w th Its whi'e fortrrst
and ghostlv-lookliig coitnrs. and over all the
Seven Hills , the roiy light of the setting sun
gilding dnmo and tower , with banln of Ileccy
cumulus Iving low and la/.ily on the horizon ,
and bleb , high nil in the zenith the orescent
moon , and ono little starscatoaly yisiblo vot.
Such a picture nno carrioi in his tnotrory
foiever , thouch words nro weak to dosi-rlbo.
As tbo Ave M irr.i sounds wo drive to the
church of the Trlnltadel Monti to hoar the
nuns chant thtiviupara. Ihis church , built
by Charles VIII. of Franco , was olundorod
in the time of the revolution , but was re
stored by Louis XVlII. Them Is tno Descent
from the Cross , by Danlelo do Vollerrn ,
which some very good authorities ruik as
the thir.l picture In the world. The picture
was very much defaced when the Frjnch at
tempted to remove it. It is a grand pieturo
and appeals to the heart the swooning
mother of our Lord , the disululo whom Ho
loved so well standing with outsttctched
arms contemplating with agony his Lord
and master , the number of strong men , each
fnco seeming a pot trait , showing more
strength than harmony. The painting and
coloring of the exposed body boom like
nature Hs > olf.
As wo came from the church the last rays
of red and gold had vanished fro.n thn sky ,
the moon was sailing hUli , bathing domes
and tower * In its silver radlanco.
As wa descended the noble flight
of stens to the piiuz.i do
Spagn.i , the stop ) where in fortnor dttyu used
to congregate the models , uo Imvo the
Fontanodi Barberml , now surmounted by
men and boys selling ( lowers , the beautiful
Hornin hyacinths , lluur-de-lys and violets ,
a bunch for 5 sous , tnat would cost ono of
the dollars of our daddies In Now YorK.
Hluailni ; tlio Candid * lit St. rotor's.
Yesterday wo were atSU Peter's tojioo the
corcmonv of blessing the caudles. It was
Purification da ; linn * , at homo and with
Protestants , Groundhog dav. I am sure bo
saw his Blmilow several tlmos hero ; I hope
ho did not wi h vou. You do not want six
wcoka more of winter. After too candles
whicli had boon bleswU by his holiness were
presented,11 r.st to the cardinals , great big 01103
Klcat hi''candles , I mean thim the arch-
blshoHuishopjpriests | mm choir bnvsnncl , the
candles became qulto siniill by the tltno they
reach thu choristers , they nllmarcnod around
the vustchuich , down ono side , up the other.
C4uulo > lighted und chanting SOUK doleful
tune , with u strain of delicious melody
thtough it. It win a beautiful sight to see
thoco clk-iutnrlos of the church In tholr gold
nnu scarlet , purple anu line linen some of
thorn looked fraud and noble , but some very
of the "earth , nurihy , " a If tlio delicious
goluon and red uinus of Italy might not come
amiss to them. Then wo homi
mass by , tin' pope's choir and I
felt as if 1 had uoyor hoard
music beforo. There is a wnor voice , ttio
wonder of the woild , that as It soars und
swells larrienyou on angels' wings , away
from the world of trials and struunloi to
realms buyond und Icuvm your soul In bliss ,
foruwhllo at least. Wo heard thu Kama
voic again today at St. Lorenzo , wboro tha
good Pie Nona Is buried in the plain tomb
that ha willed should onlv coital ) , Hut the
united Catholiu world has erected ever this
humble little marble , a handsomer tomii
than any polonium , ancient or modern , over
had. St. Loretuo , you Unow , w.u broiled on
a gridiron. They show you the marble , ono
of tbo relics of the church , ou which tbo
saint was grlhnd. This church was ono of
tno Basilicas , built over the Catacombs by
Constantine , Irom the ruins of a Greek tem
ple. Tbo columns arc beautiful beyond any
thing I have ever soon , para Corinthian , 1m-
mnnso In height and of ono single piece of
marblo. Hero ro. > t the bones of thu lirat
martyr , St , Stephen , and it was today wo
heard th mass for the repose of his soul by
a cardinal , Innumerable priests and menus
and the papal choir. An immcnso catafalque
stood in thu center ot the church , drapud in
black vclyot , and cold , with hur.drmh of candles -
dles In the hundsomutt , grandest , und mo > t
tinUiUd cundlesilcki I have ever been , and
around this the procession , of priests and
monks walked and chanted and svung the
ctuiisorii , until the grand old church wa
filled with ni''loiW of > wo t unundi
und scouts. Wo baa i-emainad
In the thn ch do long , fascinated
by the corcmoijij fur the repose of the soul of
tno good Piiiii' the Ninth thnl wo wnro
chilled to the marrow , so wo wanllorod Into
the Cnmpo Saifn > T\vnlch adjoin * thochuich
and monastery , f-.Thoro were few tombs of
merit , nnd I sirMod Into the street , whllo the
rojt ol the parfft , vyont to-tho Catacombs nnd
crpmntoiy , and made the ncqimlninnco of nn
Italian family whs kept n llttla waysldo inn.
The propriolres n cheerful old body , offnrcd
mo , with the trtfortpolltonoss nnd hospttnllty
of these flniDlc-mlnded people , a glass of
wine , nnd when she naw 1 was anxious to ice
the Interior of her "caso , " invited mo in and
showed mo her .faros nnd ) onatos with a
great deal of pride , and when mv friends rejoined -
joined mo she \\'h's equally cordial nnd gra
cious to tlicnni for though she was only n
peasant she had the mnnnors of n queen ,
"Sol-let j" In Koine.
I shall weary you tie longer with descrip
tions of churches and cemeteries , but turn to
u theme less i/rm'c the society of Homo. I
had scon anclomanlacfi , and francomnnlacs ;
hero wo have Uonioinnnlncs , and 1 must con
fess I Imvo moro sympajhy with my country
people who uro Homan-mad. There is so
much to plonso theoyo nnd instruct the mind
In Home. Society It very gay horn this winter -
tor ana the Americans take ft very con-
aplcnous piaco in nil entertainment * at the
qulrlmtl. In Milto of our little difference
ullh Italy the Idncr , queen and court ns well
ns the people scorn to Ilko American ! * . Why
should they not ) Tbov " gullior In inanv ol
our dollnrt.
At the drawing room of the queen a few
niu'hts since there were sixteen Amortcau
Indies presented. Ono of the young ladies
present gave mo u description of thu pioHon-
tillon. The queen wotoa mugnlllcout whlto
satin , train four yards long , trimmed with
po.uls and lined with cherry velvet , the front
entirely of pearl passementerie , with knots
of scarlet velvet on the shoulders. She wore
her pearls , these marvelous pearls which
consist of .strand after strand , roiuhlug to
her waist nnd fastened behind with a clasp
a flngor-loiigth long of nn amethyst sur
rounded bv diamonds , The one hundred la
dles who were to bu pro ntod were ar
ranged around the room , nnd the queen , with
her ladv-ln-waitlng waluod around , nnd as
the lad.v-ln-waltlng road the names the qiicou
nddrossoduauh ono tr. their own language ,
making yomo pleasant remark to
each. She did not shako
hands , but bowed gracefully to each.
The ordo.il was hers ami not that of the per
son prosuilcd , as It U nt the court of St.
lumos. Of the sixteen American ladles pre
sented , six , I am happy to say , were western
ers. Miss Bryan , the interesting und tnl-
ontod daughter of the vlco piosldont of tbo
World's fair , was ono , und Mrs. Sanderson
and her daughter from Milwaukee , who bmo
whllo lu Homo an apartment in the Uorghcso
palace , wore also among the number.
Last night the queen had a ball to which
all foreigners who had been presented were
invited. Saturday night thuro was a charity
ball , of which the queen nnd the court dames
were thu puronessos. The ball came near
being a Hasco on account of tboro being a
llro , to which the king went , nnd did not
roai'h thebMlroom until after midnight.
Fires uro so rarj he"o ( the day wo nrrivoJ in
Homo thi'ro was ono , tha lirst , for twenty
years ) that the poplc and the llromeu too
bcunmo domornllml , so the klug always
gooi , and his pnisojeo and coolness gtvo eon-
llduncu , and his orders are Implicitly obayod.
Inmglno ono of our high and mighty mayors ,
to say nothing of our governors , going to direct -
roct our llremont Humncrto is n coed man.
Ho travo aboutrStUOt ) to the town tnat was
destroyed by thttUuw earthquake , and ho is u
poor nrn ( ni.inV of our merchant princes
have larger incoititH than he ) , If ho does pivo
a strand of if-oarls every year to his
beautiful Marghuritn , whom the people love
for her buauty"hdr Rraeiousr.ess und tier
charity. ' < ie
Yet there nro'still Roman families hero
who closed thmr windows wfieu the hated
Victor ISmmannel ok possession of the city ,
and still keep thqi3closod. They nro bitter
I'lieniies to the sa\Jor .of Italy , and staunch
uduerouts of thq a al authorities.
l'rc | > lrini ; Tor Curniv.il.
There are grandroreparations going on for
the carnival. The ( government as well as the
neoplo ant maklugatroiigolTorLs to bavo it a
crand success. Alceady tbo city is putting
on a gala apocaranco , thouch ibo carnival
only commences on.tbo . 20th , lasting until
Shrove Tuesday , the 1st of March. t
\Vpae.v ! ; > ; ry much , stftiglc by the Italian
way of celenslafin n fOfjlal On Sunday the
stores are all open , the strcuLs are full of
buyers mid sellers , and it seems to ba the
day for auctions and lottories. On the only
feast day wo have aeon here Candlemas day
all the shops wcru closed , the sttoots and
plJ7zas seemed deserted , and until wo drove
outiu the neighborhood of tno Coliseum , we
did not know what had become of the fakirs ,
flower mon ( for the men sell flowers here.
and wo have no longer the picturesque , ro
mantic flower girl ) and beggars. Wo found
thu crowd ncbt lyulcr the shadow of
the grand , colos'al ruins that make
the heart of every human thrill
as thev remember the glories as wel
as tbo sbnmo of its past. There , whcro
many a Gaul was "butchered to maio ; a
Ho nan holiday , " has pitched a citcus tent ,
] ust such n tent as wo sec in every town and
vllilago at homo , with all the same side
shows , noucvsn the pink lemonade was laclc-
Inif. Truly , the modern Romans onjov a
different kind of show fiom those fur
nished them in the.t imu of the Ciusars. And
thov did so seem to enjoy this , for thov bad
gathered from all parts of tbo city , the infant
In arms to tbo decrepit , , old man and woman.
Out it did scorn ineorioruous a white circus
tent with u man and woman walking a tight
rope. In the .shadow of the greatest ruins lu
the world , almost in hearing of the Forum
and the paKco of the CaMnrs. And wo sat
in our caiTtao enjoying the ciowd , the
merry , laughing Homan crowd , nnd I believe
we enjoyed the tltrht rope performance , too
so trub Is it that "a touch of nature makes
the whole world kin. " And It was n reminder -
minder of our far-off homo , something
familiar mid dear , because It brought to our
minds recollections of tbo huppv pa'iu
M. D. CIIOOK.
The national supreme court decides Hint
the iillon labor law doas not apply to clergy
men.
There are thirty colored men In the priest
hood of the Protestant HpUcoual chuich of
America.
Sourgoon didn't Hue being called ' 'rover-
end , " "Hevorond Is as reverend does1 was
bis Idea.
Colonel IiiRorcoU has sued the Hcv. A. C.
Dlxon of Urooklvn for libel , laying bis dam-
ncos at $ . " > .OC ( ) . Huv. Ulxon cburgod the ag-
noitlo wltli i being a promoter of impure lit
erature.
Hov. Tnlmago's Brooklyn temple , which
coat 5-lOii.oo.i , U Ilkelv to bu sold under the
hammer. A Judgment for f5JWO. to satisfy
n mechanics' lic-n , has been placed in the
Brooklyn sheriff's bands.
Hev. Dr. Mo-itjomery Schuylor , dean of
Christ church cathedral In St. Louis , c.ole-
bratud last week the fiftieth anniversary of
hU ordination , IBi sent thirty-flight of the
lift.v years .IB roctbr'bf Christ church , and ho
has bean dean far fouryoars.
If the report thTiO Archbishop Ireland of
St. Paul is to.bd' ' made ciirdlnul-profoct
proves true , the fid Uro residence of tlio arch-
iilshop will DO liPivbino , The potitlon would
make him mur.tfgoi1 of the affairs of the
American Catholi6Iyiurch ] in Home.
When Gcneial"fJoolh of the Salvation army
was In Calcutta , Rp.bulldlnglaigo nnough for
Ills purpojus could 'to found , and ho , there
fore , aci'optud ttpi | OlTer mndo bv a circus
manager of a tnntMn , wnlch to hold services ,
The army's ftngl/gA"id { "vollny firing" agl.
tolod tbo cngod llnna , howovrr , to such an
o < tent that tliosciajnmlB | ) began to roar just
iu ( lonorul Uoutfi bccnn hli address , liut
thov were soon slfetrcad ! "In response ta the
exorcise of falth. lllo War Crv says.
At the furawoH ° Tjlniier given to Bishop
Iloratmann In P iilulolphH after his conso-
cratlou Imt weeif.ho win presented with a
handsome testimonial in embossed RJlvcr.
It was In the form of a largo aeioli , aur-
rounded by cros < cid erozier * end a mltro. On
I ho scroll. In Latin , is a testimonial In prec
ious motnl setting forth Jho love and astenn
of the Caiholio clergy in Philadelphia for
tholr friend and associate , The whole Is in
close J In n handsome frame. Ho proceeds to
ChivHlund In a few days.
The aalu and profits of the Methodist book
conoornt , uast and wust , for the past year
wore very large. A .dividend of JtVs.ojO has
been dpchircd for the support of supcrannu-
atml ministers and of the widows and chil
dren of Mp.id minuter * . During the your
18'Jl tbo Now Vork concern uold $ lMlUTIiS ( ) :
worth of hooks and periodicals with a profit ,
of < iaMlJ.Hl The Cincinnati branch re
ported sales of U.UI.O'b.Oi. ' nnd profits of
6llU7.1.ii. : The profits have ooon mndo eau
u total nut capital of W.UU.ftVI Oil. of which
* 3udJ.H8.'ii ( } U liivouod in the Now York
branch and $ lIUULir : bJ la the Cincinnati
concern.
A FULL SET OF TEETH FOR
Gold Crowns an I Fixed Gold
Bridge Work.
The latest and most approved nppll >
aoc"os for making cold crowns and gold \
bridges This work warranted forycars ,
Prices lowest In tlio west.
FILLINGS.
Gold nnd all kinds of fillings at tha
most reasonable prices.
ALL KINDS DENTAL WOKK.
Wo execute neatl.v.and promptly ofoiy
Don't say this Is lee cliotip to bo good. 1 always linn , enabling you to blto any. class of dental work.
Como In : ind BOO out1 specimens. This is thing yon wish ; strong as naturnl teeth-
our < 5tli your in Omaha plenty loiiff Public sponkorB. slngors , etc. , should DR. BAILEY Is a graduate of the > .
oiioufjh to domotistrnto that wo have those teeth. 1'rico regulated by University of Michigan. Graduated In
do as wo advertise and wo rofur to Tun number of tcoth nocobsary ; coat only a thu HDi'ing of ' 84 , having had throe years
Hun , by permission. Hundreds of poo- llttio moro than rubber plato and with experience before that date , HO Utor
jlo today are wearing our toetli and in the roach of all. owjhly nndcrf.tund.1 what he is talking abou
they're our $5 teeth too. Not ono person -
has - - back dlBsiitiallud with TEETH EXTRACTED WITHOUT
son ovei-i-omo
All work Guaranteed.
.
u $ > full sot. PAIN ,
Wo have the best local iimusthotlc for
TKKTII WITHOUT PLATKS AND nalnloss extraction of tcoth , that has Examination of Teeth , FREE.
REMOVABLE niUDGE WORK. ever boon discovered ; onuo tried you
will bo convinced. AH harmless as watur GUI This OUt
This is ono of the proatest inventions Nitros Oxldo or laughing gug , also vt- as a
In dentistry With those teeth thorn is tali/.od air , kept constantly on hand and
iiothitij.'iti'tho roof of the mouth to ob- administered to all who desire It. Per GUiclB to OUr Office
structtho voice ; they never drop down ; fectly Bate.
DR. R. W. BAILEY , DENTIST.
Offices 3rd Floor of Paxton Block , Telephone 1085 , 16th and Farnam Sts.
DR. SSSIYDER ,
The Successful Obesity Specialist.
Mt8 TJ M . Cnmpbcll , ArKylo , Win , lioforo nnil nf tor
troHtmunt by Dr. Snyclcr.
.MC.MINX/IU.K. Ore. , Jan. 1.1IKU llr.fnyder.Itonr
Mr' I liavu Just tliilslusl my vlk'lit immtli't ! treat
ment. My health I * in nenrly perfect now n I
cinild wl li , 1 ti wl losulTorlntpnae y with sick hcnd-
nchc In ltd wornt fnrin.nliu with klilnojr trouble unit
rhcumnllxm MyKoiiornt liealth 13 no much Im
proved It la nhnoit ImpoH lblu tor mo to realize tlio
Krcntchinuonnil MO'ilntr that Imi bufnllcn ran. The
following will snow m > wi'Ulit anil measurements
before anil niter InkliiK tru.itmcnt ;
lioforo. Afler. Ixjsi.
\Vclulit J5i pounds. . 1T2 pound * 83 rounds
Hunt. . . i4 < \ Inchon. . . : U Inches H1 Inches
\Vnl t. . .Hi Inchon 21 Inches 1 ! Indict
1HPJ..51. Inches. . M ) Inches. , K Inches
1 feel very crntcful for the benefit I ha\o received
anil can linartlly rocommunil jour treatment to any
one fluttering from that mont dlJcotiraKlnK of ill-
ca os Outiltr. Whllo nearlynll other < llsoxhe3 Bain
sympathy thatof Obp lty cnll forth nothlni ; hut
rlillonlu on Iti unfortunnto victim All Inquiries
with itauiplnciosid wilt bo mont cheerfully ans
wered , juta w. w i.Kvia.
. PATIENTS TREATED BY MAIL.
T7opturvini ; . no inconvenience , harmlosftnnd no baa
effect * btrlftly conlMmittul. 1 or circulars and tea *
UmouiaU uddrcst * with Gc. in etamps ,
DR. O. W. F. SNYDER.
McVicker's Theatre Bldrj. , Chicago , III.
INTEREST PAID ONDEPD5IT5
5ECDR. IB DDUGLAB5T5.
CAPITAL'-S IOO.OOO.OO
DIRECTORS ! A UWYM/W-E.W.NASH
jmmARD-GUV-CBAnTON-G.B. LAKE.
J J.DFIOWNTIIOSL.KIMBALL. .
„
, YOURSELF ! ,
, Aak your Druggist for a
a bottle ill lllK . The only ,
1 non poitoiwui remedy for all
f the unnatural discharges ana
J private < llnet.scs of men and the
debilitating weakness peculiar
1 to women. U cures In a Jew
ilaxB without the nld or
I publicity of a doctor ,
l/io / Unit mat Arr.trican Cure.
Manufactured by I "
k The Evacs Chemical GJ. (
CINCINNATI , O.
U. O. A.
Brooldvn Is arranging to invest 4000,000 In
n tree nubllo library.
The Chicago university has already nn en
dowment of , OOJOOI ) .
Rev. Dr. Purvos of Plttsburg has accepted
a professorship In Princeton.
Tbo enrollment in the public schools of
Minneapolis foots up 21,900.
JJowdolii coHqgo trrntofally accepts the
Garceloo bequest of ? 4DO,000.
Johns UopUins university lias ] unt colo-
brutcd its JHtoontli onnlvorsary.
it Is said thcro are 2U.OOU children in Chicago
cage without facilities for education ,
Berlin has 191 common bonooU , with il-- : l
classes and -SGI ! class rooms. The uttoiid-
nnco on lust January was SOW'J : boys and
8S.8T8 girls.
'llio University of Pennsylvania starts the
now year by the osianllsmnont nf a depart
ment of hyplono , on the theory that an ounce
of preventive action Is worth a pound of
physio uftor sicluicm begins.
The will of the Into Thomas Htorrj Hunt
bequeaths forty shuros of stoclcof a Monireitl
bank 10 caoh of throe institutions , the Quo-
bee fcotnlnury , MclStll colleo und thu Mum i-
cliusftts liiHtttutu of Technology. The money
is to be used for the establishment of bcliol-
arshlps In chemistry. Each Institution Is
ulso to receive a < ; ush bequnst ofX)0. ! ( ) .
Boston's ' Mectmiuu Art Hit-'li school , plans
for iv li lull have boon accepted , will bo a map >
niticont building. It will DJ tliroo storli's
above u hl h basement , with a frontaaa of
: ! & foot on Bolvidoro trout and nlnetv feet
on Da'.ton ' slrout. U will bo ready for occu
pancy next year , The course of Instruction
will embrace all branches of theoretical and
practical mechanic art.
Commissioners at European exposition
uwurdod premiums to COOK'S Kxtra Dry Im
perial chuinpagno for its delicious boquot
and purity.
J.IV ASH III ! )
Minneapolis Tribunes Jay Gould Is not
dangerously 111. Tp bo sure he is a nervous
man ana the shock of Riving $10,000 to a
church extension committee must have boon
n aovero ono , but his physician ay no will
speedily recover.
Globe-Democrat : Jay Gould has given
flO.OOJ to the Presbyterians for church extension -
tension Duri > oo > , and now everybody will
wonder how he expects to roall/.u upon the
investment. "So ehines u good deed in a
naughty worli ! . "
Chicago Tribunes Dr. John Hall said at
the ministerial meeting In Jay Gould's house
that In twenty-llvo yoiu ho nad never been
obliged to go to a prison to look for ouo of
his parishioners. But then few paMors uro
with such substantial HOCKS ns Dr.
ANNUAL STATEMENT.
UITABLE
Life Assurance Society
HENRY B. HYDE President
JAME3 W. ALEXANDER..Vloo-Prcsidont.
FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 3ist , 1891.
ASSETS.
Bonds and Mortgages $20,339,321 32
Real Estate , including1 the Equitable Buildings and purchases
under foreclosure of mortgages 18,970,021 92
United States Stocks , State Stocks , Citv " Stocks , nnd other invest
ments ; . 60,702,00.r 27
Loans secured by Bonds nnd Stocks ( Market Value , $10,020,103.00) ) . 8,418,500 00
Heal Estate outside the State of Now York , including purchases
under foreclosure 12,220,990 32
Cash in Bank and in transit ( since received and invested ) - . 5OCO,328 52
Interest and Rents duo and accrued , Deferred Premiums and other
Securities 6,628,03503
Total Assets , Dec mbor 31 , 1801 $130,198,518.38
Wo hereby certify that after u personal examination of the securities and ac
counts described in the foregoing statement , wo lind tlio same to bo true and cor
rect us staled.
THOMAS D. JOIIUAN , Comptroller. PUANCIS W. JACKSON. Auditor.
LIABILITIES.
TOTAL LIABILITIES , including the reserve on all existing
Policies (4 ( per cent Standard ) and u Special Reserve ( to-
wurd the establishment of a 35 per cent valuation of
$1,5OOOOO 8109,9O5.637.82
Total Undivided Surplus $26.292,980.50
Wo certify to tlio correctness of the above calculation of the reserve and sur
plus. From this surplus the usual dividends will bo made. s.
GKO. W. PHIIMI'.S , J. G. VAN Cisu , Actuaries. \
INCOME.
Premiums $33.120,340 50
Interest , Rents , etc. 6,5)28,594 ) 2U
839.C6 943.85
DISBURSEMENTS.
Claims by Death nnd Matured Endowments 89,848,710 81
Dividends , Surrender Valuos7 Annuities , and discounted En
dowments 4,951,979 53
Total Paid Polioy-Ho'dors 814.8OO.G9G 37
Commission , Advertising , Postage , and Exchange ' 4,397,821 8S
General Expenses , State , County and City Taxes 3,708,600 93
822,907O85.ia
New Assurance- written In 1891 $233,118,331.00
Total Outstanding Assurance 804,894,557.00
The Flbcul Committee of tlio Board of Directors , appointed to examine tbo Accounts -
counts nnd Assets of tbo Society Tor tlio year ending December . ' 11 , lfal ! ) , respectfully -
fully report that they have personally examined und counted every evidence of
property bclonjjiny to the Society , includinir Bonds , Stocks , Uoui Estate Mort-
gapes , and Lodge Balances ; that they have personally investigated and audited ,
the Annual Statement ot the Society , and the accounts from which the Bruno was
prepared , nnd they horobv certify that the said Annual Statement is a correct ex
hibit of the condition of tlio Society , and in every respect is in accordance witli
tlio books of tbo Society , with whicli the bamo bus boon prepared.
K BOUJMNOT COf/r ) Special Uoiiiinlttoo nf the Hoard of
To Vmiv'n . TT . b. I KIWKM , , f > Directors , appointed to oMim uu
, . V. ' the iicummtK uml assets at Ilia
GKO. W. CAULKTON , Wai. B. KKXUAU : , J uio oof thu year ib i.
OMAHA BRANCH OFFICE :
Rooms 2O6-2O8 Bee Building.
H , D. NEELY , Manager.
WM. 1-imNR.Y BROWN , Onshlor.
1316 Douglas Street , Omaha , Neb.
Tb eminent > poclall > : In ner ou . clironlp. prlrnle. tiloo-1 , tkluand urinurr dlinniei. A regular and
reclitpreagruduatulnniuuclnu. in iJlii.oiuni nnil curilllcjitc ihnw. iintul trentlnit witU the uroatuit luccex
catarrhtpvnuiiUirrliouu , Ion uinnliooJnominal Wnuliiicis. nlfhl loiigi , liiiixunncr. ( rphllli. ulrloturo. LTII-
orrlioea. Kluut , vnrlcorule.cto. o mercury u eJ. < ! W truntniunl ( orloti of illul | > uwrr , 1'artlos uimbru to
Tl U niunmr l > o Irenlul ttl lionio lij corn ) | ioiilunc , JIu IKIns or InilruiiiinU * uiit by mull orotprnm >
eurelrpackeij.no uiaiki lo Indicate contents or iiuiuur. Ono uirtoiml Inlurvlev profBrreil. ConiulUllou
frou. Corra > pen < loncu Irlcilr ( irivate. nook ( MjrulwrUt or Ufa ) > oat free. Office bournil , in. toll f. iu.
II ) a. ui.to Uiu. deuif ituuip ( or repljr
Hall's ' , Mllllonalroj rlou't go to prison , ns a
mlo , oven If they are not church inemhora.
St. 1'nul Plouoer-Pross : Some of the ro.
llglous people of Now York uro asliliif ; how
Jay Uould oumed the f 10.000 bo tius donated
to aid I'rosbytenan church work. Thin may
lie an Important nuDject with denominations
which Uo not benefit by the ulfl , but the all-
absorbing question witb the vulgar mob in
the disposition the recipients will make of it
Philadelphia I'ross : What the chuich
needs today und tbo world as much as the
church U not the rejection of thin man's
money and the condemnation of that mun's
million * , but a recognition of the fact that
the system by which and through which
Uoulds prosper uud growtrreut Is wroup , and
that no nation can IOIIK prosper which
cherishes it ,
cu.ir
product being shipped from mines In Nova
Sunlu.
Work is progressing well on the new ele
vator and coul Jock at Gladstone , Mich.
Hot Bprings , S. I ) . , will soon be supplied
with coul from the mines In that vicinity.
Work at the Itockdalo ( Texas ) coul mines
is active and the output U about twenty tons
a day.
Tbo estimated coal iroa nf Belgium is 500
square miles und that of franca J00 square
miles ,
A syndicate Is about to acquire ti'.a New
castle , N. B. W. , coal Holds. The capital In
this syndicate is ia'j50,000.
The New Vork emigrant Inspectors i -
turned 11M contract laborers , destined for
Pennsylvania mines last week.
The output of British coal for 18S7 wns
102,000.000 tons : for 1888 It wns | IX > ,000,003 ;
in 18s'J it win 170.000.000. and for IH'JO it
Canada produces about 3 , < WO.OOO tons o r3 a ched ISl.OOO.OOU tons , an Increase iu four
cool annually , uoarly two-thlra of the tola y * " of Ul.000,000 , tons.