Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, November 08, 1891, Part Two, Page 10, Image 10

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    7
, A TELEPHONE TO THE SUN
Frank Carpenter Visits tlio Wizard of Mcnl
Park in Hh Den ,
WE WILL WHISPER AROUND THE WORLD
Kilinon IlevcnlH tlio U'omlrrt of 111
laboratory nml IM-cdlof * aiurvcl-
OMB Dine.ivories 1'itv I hi' I''lit tire
31nny Vi't lo Conic.
! I'M'in' ' ' , tl. CVirpciifer.l
NEW YOIIK , Nov.4. . ( Special Corruinond
enco of TUB UKK. ] "Our patent system put
n promlum on facility. I have tokan ou
700 patents for n y Inventions , but 1 Imv
novur hud onu miiiuto'1 protection. "
The speaker wiw the croat Inventor
Tliomns A. Kdlsoti. 'I'ho pluco-wm hit ox
nerlmentnl laboratory near Or.itipfo. Nou
JOMUV. The tlrno was about 11 o'clock oni
mornlne u tow days aj < o. Mr. ISdlson hoi
had no sleep for thirty-six hours nnd durlnf
thosoventy-tvvo hours before this ho hat
closed bis eym for Ion than six. Still hi
looked at fresh n * n duhy when the mornlni
sun strike' ; the dotv on Its petals nnd thi
sparkle of his oyoi and the luu h which
shook his frame from timoto tlmo were tbosi
of n boy. Ho wan In tbo midst aS one of then
Inventive period * when ho takes butlutU
rest nnd work- * away night nnd day tc
accomplish his ends. lie hud left his cticnv
Icals to talk to mo and ho came In hit shirl
sleeves with his vest of Seotcn tweed open
at the front nnd with his shirt bosom ol
white linen decorated with snots of rll the
colors of the rainbow. These spots were
having n kind n polk-a-dot d.inco up urn !
down his irrcnt ctuwt. They went It ) nnO
out botwcofl his cold studi , nnd some were
stnhis of yellow and others of wax and
molted brimstones. An odor Ilko that of the
hell broth of Macbeth's wilchei came from
the chemicals in the room and all of the sur
roundings showed the simplicity ol
ts on tier. During th'cso invcn-
tivo periods Kdisou sleeps in
1 Is laboratory and his meals
nro sent from his maKniflceiit homo at
Lolowcllyn park. Upon u plain table cov
ered with brown paper lay the remains of his
breakfast. These were the bones of two
mutton chops , the crumbs of a muflln and a
glass fruit can in the bottom of which was a
llttlo coffee of tbo sanid brown color as that
in the srloss boil do It out of which Mr. Edi-
BOII had evidently ilruti'ruii ' Instead of u cup.
In ono corner of the room was a washstnnd
with a couple of wo\l \ used towels over it ana
tnc remainder of the spuco was taken up
with bottloi , machines nnd other articles of
an experimental kind. The room in which
Mr. Edison nloani whan at the laboratory , is
qulto as simple , nnd bis bed Is a. folding
nrniiiRomont which you could buy anywhere
for f J5. Still this laboratory told must
cover several acros. Its original cost must
have been moro than h.iU n million dollars ,
and It takes rnoro than $100,000 n year to run
It. It Is the most complete laDoratory.in the
world , nnd no Inventor in history has over
had anything llku unto it. In its storotoom ,
which by the way Is bigger than any country
church in the United States , Mr. Edison has
pieces of every known material subitanco
from , as ho says , a spool of cotton to the
eyeballs of a United Smtos senator. Ho has
everything from niosi of Iceland to the hlp-
ponotamus tooth , nnd ho has pieces of ovorv
variety of vogotatile , animal and mineral
substances , so Unit ho dee ? not have to go
out of his laboratory for anything. Thorn
are moro than 125,000 dlfTordnt articles In the
storeroom , and sonic of them cost
us high as $1,000 mi ounce.
Ktllson'H IMiotoriipli Gallery.
The workshops of the laboratory cover , I
Judge , moro than four acres of'lloor space ,
nnd the great 6rick building with Us nig win-
uows.looks moro llKo a factory than a place
for the making of experiments. Everything
in It is of the most complete kind in the
world , from its mechanical room' , to Its mu
sical department , and you will llnd no Ilnor
photograph gallery nnywhore In this country.
The head ol this , I'rof. W. L. Iv. Olckson ,
has an International reputation as a photog
rapher , nnd ho bruits out every wnnlc some
now wonuor in his experiinuiitt. . Ho has n
wonderful skill itithu use of the camctn unnn
ODjocta under thu microscope * , and ono of Edi
son's great suits was gained lately solely
throutrh the photographs iiiuclo of u slk-o of
Japancso bamboo from Which w.is shown the
lib re out of which ICdlson malms the carbon
for his incandescent , lamps. This slieo , con
sisting of a section smaller around than the
smallest slate pencil , was mngnlUcd to the
nlzo of the bottom of u dinner pail , nnd a sec
tion of this photograph was put , unde > ' the
microscope nnd uijutii magnitlod no that the
plcturo showed the little libers of the bamboo
whinh , after experimenting with a thousand
different articles from nil parts of the world ,
Kdlson decided was the Uast tor his light.
Ono of the last experiments in this plioto-
graphic department was a photograph of the
head of a house-lly. This photocrnph lies
before mo. Tlio head as magnified is as big
ns tbnt of a Newfoundland dug and it has
lialr standing out from its center in all direc
tions as though about llfty camel's hair
brushes with hair two inoho-i long had
been driven into a plnro the size of
a trailo dollar , his uyes stand out from the
head and in Uiu photograph each eye of this
lly , which lu the original wi.s not larger than
tbo head of a pin , is blgucr than the palm of
my hand nnd It is inadu up of thousnniis upon
thousands of llttlo bits of eyes fastened
together Ilko a honeycomb , and Air. Dlekson ,
Edison's photogruphor , tolls mo that If you
will Inj your watcd , face upward , down near
the oyn of n lly under tha nilcroscopo you
can ruud tbo tnno in each one of these 10,000
eyes.
'routine Klrctrlu Id lil * .
Only an electrician can appreciate the
wonders of the elflctrlc.il appliances of this
laboratory. In onu largo room the machines
ure so dollcnto that holid walls thirty feet
deep hnvo been built under the siatu slabs
.supporting them. Tbuy rent on solid masonry
und are so arranged that nothing near them
can affect their motion cither by sympathy
or by vibration. In one room I foaiul hun
dreds of these littlog'ouos ' with wires of light
inside of them till bhulng away ihougii It
was the middle of the afternoon , Thcso
lamps , " said Mr. McUnlro , "arc all made
ctiffotontly nnd we are tontine them. Kvery-
ono o ( thorn has Itti liloi > vtphy. It is ciosely
wntchod from hour to liournnd the brilliancy
and the tlmo it will burn without breaking
or wearing out in carefully noted , Throuuh
this lu tlmo wo horw to gut thu perfect lamp
mid the perfect e irboii which \vlll burn
forever , " In another room lumps were
being exhausted nnd tilled. In another
the glass was being ; blown and in a thlrdl
found n chemical laboratory devoted to the
assaying nnd reduction of metals and hero
Mr , Edison l working uwiiy on the reduction
of iron nnd silver ami gold. In our conversa.
tlon ho told mo of the vast iron Holds of New
Jersey out of which thu companies with
which he is connected are now. malting fortunes -
tunes and ns soon an ho completes ids experi
ments In iron ho in uoiiig to devote himself to
tbo more precious uiotuU of silver and gold.
Other rooms are it o voted to heavy machinery
and there is hardly any tclml of a machine
from a steam eiiiino to u pin that could not
bo rnudo In this laboratory , It Is Edison's
pet. The Inventor Is worth millions but ho
prefers this to steam yachts , coaching cxcur-
ilons. polo ana the uuuisemonts of other mil-
i , llouairc * and his groatcst delight Is in his
worK. During our lull ; 1 asked him bow ho
felt when ho discovered a IR > W principle ) or
lomethlng Imitortnnt in invention , und ha
told mo that It inudu him happy all over and
that bo grasped at it 111(0 the nolanlst does at
& now ( lower or tlio biuolojilst at n bug
which ha discovers and Knows Is now to
iclcnco.
Inventors ami IMritlon.
Returning to my inU-rvlow , nnu the patent
ivstein Mr. Edison wont on ;
"Tho pcopltt Buwmco 1 have made money
out of my Inventions. The truth is I have
never niudo ono cent out of my Inventions.
All 1 huvo mudo ha * Ueuu out ol m.imifno-
turliii ; . My Invention * linvu not boon protected -
toctod by the patent ofllviv The coinpano
) Vilh which 1 ttiuojuucctod huvu s > pcit mil-
lloni ( n trying to defend thor
I have spent nbout fciOO.Ot
myself nnd I bellovo I would bo SJWO.Ol
better oT ( if I had never taken out a natcu
What I have made has boon bccauso I liav
understood the Inventions better and hnv
l)2on nblo to manipiilalo the manufacturln
of thorn bolter tnim the pittites. 1 could no
hnvo tnndo any thine had I not had largo dip
tnl bock of mo nnd the ordinary Inventor hn
no protection whntovcr. Ills cortlllcnto c
patent Is merely a ccrtlflcntp to thu pee
liouse and hundreds of Inventors nro ruinci
They ipond all they have in getting out tlici
Inventions nnd they dlo poor. Lot mo to
you how It works. Tbo Inventor has n ioo
thing. Ho takes out hit patent , thinks ho I
safe nnd organizes n plant to manufacture ii
Ho has to bnvo special machinery nnd h
makes special experiments nnd like as not I
cotts him $200,000 before ho is ready to begu
to manufacture. Tuo plrato sees ho tins u goo
thing. Ho decides to compete with hitr
organizes n company with no rospousiblllt ;
whatever , brlbet his men and starts In oppo
sulon , Ho can lu most cases put up for * . " > 0 ,
UOO what has cost the tnvnntor S-'OO.OOO nm
ho fools that in n few veuw bo c.in mak
enough to retire , having gotten the cream o
the invention. I In begins to manufacture
Tbo Inventor prosecutes him but the cour
tnko < j throe years hoforo It will hoar his case
If it decides against him ho carries It t
the supreme court which is thre
years behind hand and it i.s from si :
to twelve years before bo could got a linn
decision. By this time thu plrnto has mail
a fortune nnd the original iiuetitor 1
in most cases bankrupt. If the case Is dc
cidcd In his favor the1 plrato i.s found tc b
Irresponsible and theio is no ctinnco for th
inventor. What the courts should do is ti
prevent the plrato from manufacturing untl
ho can prove that ho has a right to m.inufuc
turo. The original Inventor , the mat : wh
has the papers , the man who has spent hi1
money should bo given the benefit of thi
doubt. When this is done our inventors wil
have some protection. Then invention wll
Increase in the United States. Tm > counti'i
will Jumn a generation In u decade aim every
thine will num. "
Great InviMitloiiM ol tile Future.
"Do you think. Mr. Edl on , " said I , "tha
the inventions or the next lltty vcars will b (
equal to these of tbo last llf tv.1'
"I see no reason whv tliov should not , " replied
plied Mr. Edison. "It seems to me though
that wo nro ut the beginning ° f inventions.
Wo nro discovering now principles , now pow.
crs and now materials every day and no one
can predict the possibilities of the future ,
Take electricity. When wo get olectricitj
direct from coal , a lump as big us this tuniu
lor will light and heat a whole bouso for
hours aud a basket full would run a lactorv
n whole day. In the generation of steam wo
onlygot 14 per cent of the energy of the coal.
In electricity wo get 00 per
cent. When wo get our elec
trical power direct from coal n
few hundred pounds will carry
you across the Atlantic nnd u few bask
ets full will take n railroad train fron > Now
York to San Francisco. 1 believe this to be
ono of the great problems of the future and I
hnvo no doubt but that It will bo solved. I
have been worklnv on it tor years but I
haven't got It yet. When It docs come It will
revolutionize ovorythipg. It will cheapen
everything nnd H will bo the greatest in.
vcntion of modern times. As it is now wo
have to burn the coal to got the steam and
the steam gives us the power which runs the
dynamo and produces thu electricity.
"Will wo over have ( lying machines } "
"Yes , I thinlcso , " was the reply , "but it
will not bo on any of tho. plans now proposed.
I have a different idea Ir. regml to such
matters , but I am not ready to oxperi.nent
with them yot. "
"How about the making of fuel from
water ? "
"I don't believe it will ever pay , " replied
"
Mr. Edison. "Water is the asbis"of nature.
There is nothing more Ilko ashes. It took an
ouormous dogrco of he\t to maKii the hydro
gen and the oxygen combine to make water
and it takes a great degree of heat to revivi
fy them. I don't ueliovo it will ever bo com
mercially protitiiblo , "
Ills Tcloltoiiu | to tlio Sim.
The conversation hero turned to the tele
phone and I askou Mr Edison as to his telephone -
phone to the sun. Tills telephone experi
ment is the biggest thing of the Kind in
naturo. There is in the New Jersey moun
tains a vast mass of iron u mile lonir and of
about the sumo width which runs straight
down into tbo earth for a number of miles.
"The telephone , " said Mr. E'lUon , ' 'is you
know made by running a wiru around thu
top of a magnetic bar and ttiis machine )
when charged with electricity enables us to
register the sounds which como In contact
with it. " "We nro using this immense natural
bar of iron of the New .lorsov mountains as
the basis of our telephone. Wo have wound
miles of wire about its top and have formed
an luductivo circuit in whinh wo will hnvo
the most powerful of electric current . Wo
expect through it to boar thu noises made on
the sun and the explosions which are sup
posed to bo constantly going on tlioro will , I
believe , within a fmv weeks bo hoard right
bore. Wo havu been working at thu matter
for aotiiB time and have it just about ready
for testing. "
A Whisper Around Iio AVorhl.
'Wo have by no moans rc.ichoil the perfection
'
fection of the telephone , " Mr. Edisou'weut
on. "Improvements are being imulo all ilio
time and the day will como when overyotio
will hnvo his telephone. Long dlatuncu tele
phoning is growing und thu only restriction
of the possibilities of tbo telephone is in the
sympathetic contact of the electrical wire
with the rest of naturo. It a hlnglo wire
could bo placed so high above the earth that
It would not touch the mountain tops , you
could whisper around thu world ami you
could sing a song in London and havu It
heard In Pakln. Wherever wo got , the wire
comparatively free from contact with the
earth distance seems to mane no dilTorunco
and on a government line 1,0 JO miles long
over a treeless country in Ari/.ona wo got u
bettor tolophouia connection than wu do now
between Now York und Philadelphia If wo
could have a telephone from the e-arlh to thu
nun I moan a wire wo i-ould beml sounds
tliero with perlcct ease , and with the phonograph
graph , were our language universal.o could
raako a speech here und huvo It recorded nnd
reproduced in any of the great planetary
bodies. "
'Iha
I hero asked Air. Edison ns to the phonograph
graph and ho told mo that a large number of
thorn wore in use , and that ho believed they
would bo eventually used everywhere. Ho
took me but into his laboratory and showed
mo his last invention in eionneciion with thu
phonograph which bo calls by the iinmo of
the kiuotograph and which Is almost as won-
tlorful as tha phonograph itself. With the
take of 1'attl's
phonograph you can a song
from tbo lips of tlio diva and can reproduce )
It before an audience lu nil Its Intensity and
beauty a year later ami u thousand mlloa
iwuy. By the itlnotograph with tbo aid of n
itoroopticon jou can throw upon n screen a
picture of Pttttl just ns she looked and acted
it thu tlmo she vus singing the song , and ono
sf the great exhibitions of the future- will bo
: ho reproduction of great speeches and .songs
, n this way. You can roproluco a panto-
mine with thoklnotographandyoii can malia
Jhauncoy Depow deliver the same alter-
llnnor speech a thousand times with Ihobiunu
; esturos aud the same smile If you can once
; et him before It , It is made t > y Insiantano-
) us photography of the man who is to be re.
produced. The umchlno takes him In action
tnd it so works that it takus -Ti' ) photo-
rraphs every mlnulo that lie is .speaking ,
> r forty-six pictures ot him every see-
> nd. These photographs are taken on a long
itrlp of gelatine Him and lu reproducing them
.boy arc made to revolve as fust before tho.
jyo as whou they wore taken. The rmult 13
, bnt the eye does not see the forty-six photo-
; ruphs but It sees only the ono with the mo-
.ions or gestures of tbo num. I saw ono of
.hoso machines in motion representing ono
) f Mr. Edlsou's ' nmployos taking a smnku and
, fou can see the man raise the cigar to his
i ps , turn his bond aud blow out Iho smoke
list ns naturally as though hu were In life.
\notuor set of photogr.tphs represented a
loxlug-match and it was us natural us though
ho mon were actually lighting before your
iyoj and It sometimes tooic n dozen photo-
; raphs to ruaka a single motion.
Mr. Edison expects to show this machine )
u its perfection at the Columbian exposition ,
L'bo machine 1 saw was a nieltel-ln-tho-slot
nachiuo and it will probably bo bn the mar-
cot In u short time. The strip on which tlio
ihotogniphs nro taken U about n\ wide ns a
ape measure , but the llgurui are magnified
hrough a glass lu look at I hum.
The Fnturo oftlio I'tmnournph.
I asked Mr. Edison as to the prollts of the
ihonograph. He replied that the invention
md not boon managed us well as It should
> o , and ho spoke of Mr , Llpplncott of 1'hiln-
lolphla , taa man who sometime azo hud tbo
oiltract to manuL'o tlio phono.
raiih and granhophonc. Bald ho
luring the talk on this btibjcct :
"Llpplncott is buffering iroui a clot ot
I blood on nU brain. The doctors snv this cli
1 Is about the weight of a gram , but howovi
j big It is it has lost Mr. Llpplncott u mllhc
i dollars. A million dollars a gram. Slxl
I million dollars an dunco. That's * tha moi ,
expensive material I Imvo over heard of ,
don't know whether ho will eVer recover i
not but the phonograph will eventually pu
and pay well. "
I'JIcotriulcy nnd the NowHpapors.
Mr. Edison take * nrldo In having been
newspaperman. Ho likes to talk of tbo dm
when ns a boy ho edited and printed tli
Ornnd Trunk Herald. Ho tolls mo ho wns
newsboy on the train wuoii ho did it and b
believes It Is the only newspaper that hn
ever boon published on n newspaper trait
Ho ran It for moro than a your and by virtu
of it ho says ho is now a member of the No' '
York Press club. Ho talked with mo ns t
the newspaper reports which ho sent ot
while n telegrapher nnd told mo that th
worst copy ho over bundled was that c
Oeorgo M. Bloat of the Cincinnati Enquire !
Ho said :
"I was n tclozrnnh operator nt Cinctiinnl
at the tlmo ho was editor of the Enquire
nnd hit copy sometimes canio into thu oflo ! <
I remember ono piece which none of us coul
translate and wo sent It biicit to tbo Enquire
onico nud had them copy It foru ? . Itwn
wono writing than that of Horace Grenlo ,
and I remember that wo tacked a piuce of i
upon tbu wall of the telegraph olllco and lol
a standing olTor below It of $10 to the lira
man who could decipher ten lines of It nn
the money was novur claimed. "
"Such a thing will never happen , " said J
"when newspaper reporters turn in the !
copy on the photrograph. "
"No , " replied Mr. Edison , "it will not
The phonograph and the telephone are nov
considerably used In newspaper worlc nnd w
may bavo newspaper phonographs In th
future , and newspaper pictures may bo sen
from ono part of the country to the other bi
electricity. "
"Will it over bo possible , Mr. Edison , '
said f , "to take the page of a newspaper n
sot up in Now York and telegraph such i
photograph of it to the other great cities o
the country as could bo placed ut once on at
etching plate , nnd ono setting up In this wai
do for the whole country I"
Mr. Edison tbought for n moment nud thor
said , "Yes , that could bo done , though :
don't know whether it would ue > profitable
mid tbo day may also come when a man sit
ting nt a typesetting machine In Now Yorl
may by tupping the keys of a typewriter sol
up the press dispatches hy moan ; , of similui
machines in every newspaper olliciin Hie
United SUtes. There Is no doubt * but till ;
could be done now , and when wo have per
feet typesetting machines our press tel
pgraphors can do the setting up of their owi
dispatches. "
Tlio Iron Fields of Now .Icrsi-y.
Mr. Edison's now processes of iron rcduc
tion have brought a vast deal of now ore intc
the market. Himself .md his partners have
secured miles of iron territory in tlio n.ouu
tains near his home , and Mr. Edison .say ?
'
there nro SGO.OOO.UOJ worth of iron ore 'in
sight. The llr.st order taken by the compan.v
was for a 100,000 tons of ere n'l
$ " > per ton , and ho tells mo thai
they can produce some of the linest
iron to bo cotton in the ' United States righl
here within nn hour of'isew York. Tnoy not
only can produce it but are producing it , and
they have enough ere before .them to last
thorn for many years. Ho Miowed mo an
.instrument for determining where iron is. II
was shaped Hko a compass and a needle upon
It points to figures showing the character ol
the inagnoticoro pelow it. This Is known bj
the dip ot the needle , ami Mr. Edison's 'sur.
veyors now mnko nmpi of mining countries
and tell just about where the veins of iron
ere arc located. 1 saw such a nup of a county
in Michigan end it located with certainty the
various deposits. Tiioro is no elouut but
tberu is n bjg fortune in tho.io Now .lorsoy
iron mines. They have boon workca fo't
years , but heretofore the rorc4md to contain
.0 per cent of iron or it. was no good. By
Edison's process if it contains 'J5 per cent it
pays well. .
I'.dison'.s Now 1 It'otrieItoiul. .
Before , 1 left I looked at Mr. Ellison's
street railroad , upon which nee working.
Tbo car and track uro in tbo yard surround
ing the laboratory , and thu invention 1 un
derstand is ready for use. It is intonde-d for
largo cities which will not permit the use ol
the overhead wire. It will t j much cheaper
than the cab ) but will be moro expensive )
than the irohoy system , and ii. may be usoJ
on a regular railroad us well ns on n street
car. Its 'locomotive will huvu I.OUO horse
power and It will talco up the electricity from
a rail which runs along through the ci'titcr
of the track and between the two rails on
wmch the en move. It will not DO u.xnon-
slvo to put down und Mr. EJuon sav.s the
streets will not have to bo torn up as they
are for the cabin. HP bollovoi it will bo tbo
street railway for cities of the near future
and sayf ho is making the invention for Mr.
Villurd ,
The Stoiu.iul ) .1 i IKMIIIC il fi bnrntnry.
As wo talked In this wav running rapidly
from opo subject to another mv won Jor ute
Mr. Euison's wonderful vitulitv increased.
As : said nbovu though ho bad had only six
hours sleep in suventv-two hu showed no
signs of weariness and his health s-eomud to
bo perfect.V hut man of llltv-two who icads
this paper could net and feel Irosh after
thirty-six hours out of bed ? Edison is 5-3 nnd
ho looks as though bo would llvu to bo 100.
Said hu in response to my question :
"I leel that I am In my prime and 1 sup
pose I am n better man than I have over boen.
1 have the Knowledge nud experience of the
pnst to go upon and I don't know why I
should not do gooel work in the future. "
"How about your stomach , " said 1.
"Thomas Carlyle you know sav-s ho did not
know ho had n stomach until ho was 'J. ' . How
about you ) Do yea know that you have a
stomach ! "
' Vc.s , " replioJ Mr. Edison with a iuuzli ,
'I am Ilko ( Jarlvlo in that I have discovered
the fact. I llnd that 1 have indigestion some-
limes. but 1 can easily curu myself. I do
this by chiiign of diet. Tbo stomach Is a
chemical laboratory and digestion Is merely
n cliomicul operation , it I rind that my
stomach is not working richtly I know that
the rlghtcbotnical action Is not uolng on in-
sldo of it nnd 1 enuugo my food. If I have
boon eating meat I droplloih foods altogether
and conllno myself to vcgotibloa , and In a
short time I llnd myself nil right. If I've
boon eating moro vozotnblcs than meat I
drop the vegetables nnd thu moat brings mo
back to my normal stalov"
"How do you got along with so little
sleep ! " I asked.
" 1 don't boliovo. " sajd Mr. EJlson , "that
man needs as much sleep as is generally sup
posed. I think wo sleep too much anil oat
too much. Six hours or six and a half are
plenty for mo and 1 seldom take moro. If I
sleep eight hours I find that after breakfast
I want to go to sleep again , wliorcus five
hours puts mo lu splendid condition and I
urn ready for anything. I inherit a very good
constitution. My grandfather lived to moro
than 100 years otiii'o and my fathur Is W.
Neither of them were long sleork-rs and I
think sleep of tor all Is more a matter of habit
lhau anything else , and that in the far future
if wo should havu nn nrllik'iul light which
ivould mnku the world HUe day year in nnd
roar out , wo would never sloop at all. "
This remark eoneludqd my Interview and
iftor a walk with Mr. Edlsou through his
laboratory I drove to tha station past'Llow -
) lyn ! pane , whore Mr. Ellison hii ono of the
most beautiful residences in New Jcrsov.
Hero simple aud unpretentious ho lives com-
rortably with his family , devoting the most
) f bis time to his Ufa work of invention. His
: reatost happiness , ho tplls me , coiuos from
ils work and among the millionaires of today
ila lifo stands out ns a lesson tor the young
nun of the future.
FUXVK O.
Mary' " A nun il.
A tall , uiifjulai'-lookinjr woman walked
ip to CondiuHor Jno CnlliiiH of the
Southern IUIDSUH io.id at the union depot
, 'Ofciturdiiy , auya the Kansas ( Jltv Even-
ill , ' Times , undattomptod to board the
rain.
' 'Lot mo BOO your tiukot , ma'am , " Bald
ho conductor in his ctharautoristloally
lollto inannor.
"I won't do It ; I know where I'm go-
UK , " roullod tlio woman rather tartly.
"Oh , but you jnu t. You cannot got
in the train tiifleb you do It ; it's the
ulo , " said Collins. Youmubt lot , mo see
rour llokot. "
" 1 don't travel on a ticket. I have u
WSH , " exclaimed she loftily , and ujrulu
iho attcmptod to PUSH.
" 1 must boo your pass , then.1'
"Well , you haven't sotibo enough to
oil whether It's a pass or a Uclcot , I
JUU89. "
Hut she showed him the pass. It was
ill right an ittinual pass. It was Ibsuod
o Mrs. Mary Loaao , denouncer1 of mon-
ipolioa , female orator , the oracle of the
. 'armors' Alliance.
CRA&D AIU1Y--DEPART11EN1
General Palmar Rotuicos the Use of Rob
Flags in'Froojsslons.
IDMT
TABLE OF ENLISTMErJTS AND DESERTIONS
if h >
lie T (
A nciitirknljIoUf ! ) Duet -V North
oruor'a fCHtlmnjo of tlio Ijifo null
Character ofHtonuwnll
Jiiukson.
T 7
' I
General Pnlmor , commandor-ln chief of th
Grand Army , was nskod whether ho had Is
sUfd nn order against Grand Army ot tb
Uopubllc men parading In procoulous whor
confederate Hags were carried. Ho said :
"After careful cotuluonnlon ami mod it a
tlon I have dccldoj not to issue nny order t <
that effect tu yet , bull will do solinmcd
lately after the coming election. If 1 issu
the order now , partioi would claim that i
was a campaign isstin and the order was is
sued for that purpoio. There arodomocratii
members of tbo Grand Army of the He-publl
who aru just ns much Incensed over the matter
tor ns republican members , nud I think It is i
shanio that any mnmbcrof the Grand Arm :
of the Republic should parade under thu
rebel Mag which wo gave four of tha bos
years of our llfo to wipe out of cxistciicc.am
which wo did. What we dcslro to imprin
upon tbo minds of the rising generation is thu
the only ling is tbo Stars nnd Stripes , am
that no other flag should bo rocoguizci
whatever. "
s ICiiliHtmcntH nutl
Tbo Now York Sun publishes the follow
ing table , giving the percentages of enlist
ments of foreigners In the Federal nrmio-
during the rebellion , and a table giving the
percentages of deserters :
KSMSTMKNTJ , I8S1-1SG3.
. , , , I'cr cent
Native Americans lr > ? : i.no ) T.'UH
Hermans H7Hi ) 8.7H
1'lsh ] 44. W 7.11
lirltNh Americans f > ' ) . : > u9 SOO
llmrlish i.-p.iin ! ! . ;
Other foreigners T4Sj'J a.70
Total . ' "JiaRIw
UISIHTIONS. :
I'e'r cent
Irish
Germans. . .
Americans.
All oihurs.
A KiUo lucl.
When tbo opposingarmlo's of the American
civil war lay near each other , says I'ear.son'.s
( London ) Weekly , it was common for the
pickets to exchange friendly conversationan
informal truce buing meanwhile observed.
After a while tbo confederate would call out ,
"I'm going to shoot , Yank ! Hunt your
hole ! " and the federal would answer , "Look
out , Johnnie , or your hide won't hold water
a minute ! " und then whiz ! whiz ! would lly
tbo hullots.
Onn Johnnie fired , day after day , with
jroat rapidity and prnsislnn , fioin behind a
tree that stood a littuj way back from a
stream which divided the opposing forces ,
iiid which was so but as'to alford good rest
and cover , The Yankee , soldiers whom ho
lad snlutou with -Jin leaden cards gro.v
chary nbout exposing any part ot their per
sons within range of hi nllQ. If an old hat
was raised Into view W-'bullet ' was expe-cteJ
to go through it or uucomfortably close to It.
One brUbt evening the rillo music re
sounded nil along the.stream , and scarcely ; i
trace of Yanlc or Jemima could bo soon from
cither shore.
Coioni-1 Brown cb'anood to bo passing
along the line , and the men called his utton-
, ton to this confederate marksman , so fright-
ully accurate nnd so hard to ilnd with their
Juliets. They hau becti lired at. and bud
ired in return , till tbo-atluir had become
monotonous.
Thu colonel listened to their statements ,
ben tnuing a soldier's rl'lo ho stopped
iromplly on the banlfund stood motionless
is u statue in full view , it seemed an act of
nadnuss , but the gallant Johnnie understood
t IH It was intended , nnd accepted It us a
lersosal challuuge' . He. too , steppeJ promptly
rom behind ills cover.
IVith mon uulctcly raised their rifles and
Ircd , the bill of Johnnlo uoliig nlnrmlnplv
cluso to Colonel Brown , who cooly handed
town his gun to bo lo.idoJ , whilu his ndvor-
ary , with nil spued , loaded his. Evidently
10 was an e-xpurt in lo.idiiifr as in llriug. for
10 again obtained thu lirst lire , after taking
.ho moat delitiorato aim nt the living statue ,
i'ne bullet had just pnsie-d when thu Colonel
ook aim , Johnnlu keeping bis position , busily
naMnz His piece. Neither shot produced
ny oltui't.
It was steel to stool , bravo mon looking
tralgbt and calm into the lace of death. Jn-
ensu interest in the drama stopped the liring
long tbo whole linu , wullu a wo bilencod
very lip.
Johnnie , for the third tltno , gained tholirat
lire , when Colonel Brown luvoled , aimed and
llred at his adversary , who was again loail-
inir. The bullet nissod across the river , and ,
without any sign whatever , the gallant sol
dier sfoppcd back under his cover , and the
strangely dramatic duel was ended.
If it be true that a man has a higher re
gard for another alter lighting with him ,
Colonel Brown , no doubt , felt a touch of sorrow
row on learning that Johnnie's rillu was
never moro hoard ; and thn station at tbu
bout tree was thereafter vacant.
Mono-wall .1 .tc'UMin.
Uov. Henry M. Field , D.D. , writing of
Stonewall Jackson in Harper's Magazine for
November , says :
Thu midsummer of this year witnessed a
scano in the inouutalnYof Virginia that re
called the events of ti past generation. ' The
21st of July was the thirtieth anniversary of
Bull Run , whcro north and south mot in the
hrst roaljiatilu of the war , for the engage
ments in West Virginia , near the Ohio , hardly
rose to the dignity of battlos.But Bull IJuu
was a conflict of armies , lu which both bides
took their Hrst lessons in wurand out of which
came at least one grdat soldier , who stood BO
llrmly while the battle raged around him
that others who were broken and disnayed
took cour.igu ns they biiw lii.i unshaken
Mlumn standing "llkp a stone wall , " fiom
which ho received the name of "Stonewall"
lackson. This was the hero TO whom a mon
ument wns now to bo unveiled in Lexington ,
whcro bo Is burled. Of those who blood
linaiuo bun on that bloody day , thirty yuars
igo , almost nil had followed hini to the
, 'ravu ; but the survivors , tbo shattered
ivrociis ot war , came fcpm far and uuar to do
iionur to him who once led them to buttle ) ,
md wept with overpowering omotlon at thu
'ravu of their buloved commander.
The domoiistratlnn"fttVnlshc'S an occasion
Tor a northerner to glva his opinion of this
JNtraordlnary man. . Jl'buyears that have
; > .med have romoved.iis' far trom the great
; ragody of thu war , and' , from the passions it
irousod , that wn can dufjustlco ov-cn to these
kvho were in arms ag hi 'h.s ' ; ur.d no ono can
read the history of Btaffdwdll Jackson without
[ ccoguUing in him althocjuaiitio3 ) | that go to
miku a popular horo4 AsasolJior , some coin-
! ) otcnt critics rank him atu the tint that tbo
, vas produced on oitlujr hllio. Not that bo wai
it the head of the lai'jjHt'itnny ' , or undertook
, ho most oxtunsivo m\lli.i\vv \ operations , but
.hat with the means p.ial.Jio had ho accom
plished moro than anyjpLljor oorninander. Ho
lad iniulii a study of Uieliiinmpalgns of Xapo-
con , and saw tltat KIICCOSS lay not morelIn
laving "tho stronKOS.tRLntlnllons , " but in so-
: rccy of design and rayijIUj of execution. In
.bo latter ho outdid oven Napoleon himself ,
raining his men to such a pitch of endurance
.bat ho could "rush" them twenty-live miles
i day over a brokoiv country , across rlvnrs
.nil ovur mountains , and light a battle us the
tun was going down. Nothing in the war
ave moro decisive proof of military genius
ban the campaign In tbu Shonauuoah valley
n tno spring of ISM the only ono .vtili-h hu
: ondiiclod absolutely ulono. with nn Interior-
mco from these nhavo him -whoro ho was
iltted not against one army , but four tundor
tanks , FremontShields und Mllroy i.advnnc-
ng upon him from dliTerput ( luartvr.s , and
mtmanouvurcd them allattneXin iinnddofo.it-
ug each lu turn , till ho drove them , ono nftur
uioihor , out of iho valioy.when bu gave thu in
ill tbu slip , und crosjliig tb lilacKldgo in onu
if bis rapid marabou , suddenly uppcatoj on
bo Hunk nf McT'-u-jlun's iifiny bofovo Uluh-
iiond. Thntdi'c I'cil ' thoI'tnlr.sularoamp'j gn ,
vben ho tanit'ii i IM > . iiud by uboll uiovt-
uuut threw Inn sol i/auucn / 1'ai.oaudVaih -
Ington , nnd tha second null Run proved far
more bloody than the first. All this Is mut
ter of history which It Is not necessary to
recall , nor to follow the tireless soldier to
Harper's Ferry , to Antletntn , to Fredorlcks-
burg and Chancellorsvlllo , where ho fell nt
the very moment that the great Hank move
ment , which bo had conceived nud conducted ,
had struck the union army with a shock
from which It reeled ana could not recover ,
but sought safety on the othur side of
the Happahniinock , which It had crossed only
a few days before In all the eonfidonco of
victory. This Is n record of contluuod suc
cess of which It is hard to llnd another example -
ample in our own history , or , indexed , In any
other.
T//.V .4Xi .voir.
Clinmltrr'f Journal.
In fables of. the Golden Ago
No more delight our poets seek ,
For , now tlio North has waxed so sago ,
The Goth Is wiser than the Greek.
Before the might of Lomug's powers ,
The myths and wisdom ot iho Past
llavo perished like Iho Autumn Mowers
Be f ere the icy northern blast.
Tbo scalpel nnd the mie-roscopo
Demand the laurui of the lyre ;
Alas ! what later bard can hope
To wake for these ino nnulent lire !
Sweeter it Is to shut our eyes
To nil that wo havu lived among.
And suck in dreams the sunny skies
And hills th .t saw iho birth of song ;
The tlmo that hold the poet's nnmo
As holy , and the native vale
Heard sweeter notrs than over came
From any thorn-strung nightingale ;
When every youth whoso soul wai moved
To poetry from early years ,
Was uy the muse well beloved ,
And held in honor of his peers ;
And every maid with mind above
The level of tlie vulgar throng ,
Was priestess of the queen of love ,
Or sybil of the lord ot song.
Dr. Birnoy euros c itnrrh. Uoo uldg.
Detroit I'ri-o l'ro s : "I can't understand why
you mnon't us ainiuba' u Timpcr as James , '
said the propnetoi to un olllco boy , lufurrlm ;
ID . .nothcr.
"James never had t" un-ivor the te'leutionu , "
r pilfd the ubosud .vcuug inin.
IETTS&
PHYSICItHS , SURGEONS and SPECIALISTS ,
1409 DOUGLAS ST. ,
OMAHA , NEBRASKA.
Oflico honrs from 0 a. in. to 8 p. ra. Sunday
from 10 a. in. to 1 1 > . in
Hppcialista in Chronic , Nervous , Skin and Blood
tl59 ( 'onBnltntion at office or by mail freo.
Mrdlcmofl Bent by mail or express , Becuroly
packed , free from observation , ( lunranteoa to
earn quickly , safely and permanently.
The moHt widply nnd favorably known eppcinl-
Istn in the Uuitod Btateo. Their IOPK oxixriouco ,
romnrknble skill nnd nnircrbid BUCCO H iu the
trcatinrnt and euro of Nprvotio , Chronic nnd Sur-
Kicnl Dispnho" , entitle thoeo eminent physicians
to the full confidence of the atllictod ovorywhoro.
They guarnnteo :
A CERTAIN AND POSITIVE CURE for the
awful plfectH of eai ly vice nnd the tmmerona ovlla
that follow in its train ,
PRIVATE , BLOOD AKB SKIN DISEASES
speedily , completely and permanently cured.
NERVOUS DEBILITY AND SEXUAL DIS-
OHDERS yield readily to their skillful treat
ment.
PILES , FISTULA AND RECTAL V
Bimrnnteed cnrad vtithout pain or detention
from business.
HYDROCELE AND VAR1COCELE porma-
neutiy and Huccotsfully cured iu every case.
_ , peculiar to
either BOX positively cured , n well no all func
tional disorders that result from youthful follies
or the excess of mature years.
triftllPP O'lfranteed ' permanently cnmd ,
v ii iiiiui c removal complete , without cut-
tins , catihtio or dilatation. C'nro elTocted nt
homo by patient without a momenta pain or
umiojimce.
TO YOUNG AND MIDDLE-AGED MEN
ACilMQ Oui'Q The nwfnl effects of early
OUi C bill C tlco which brings orKariic
weakness , destroying both iiiind and body , with
all itH droadad ills , permanently cured.
ripe Rpffe Address thoco who Imvo impar.
L/l O. ucno Oi ( tlicinnolxes by improper in-
dulRpnco and solitary hnliits. which ruin Imth
mind and body , unhttii.i ; them for businees ,
Btudy or inairiato. ;
MAHUIEU HEN , or thoeo enterinR on that
happy llfo , aware of j.lijtical debility , quickly
usKisted.
C35 8end C cents poetace for celebrated worka
on Chronic , Nervous nul Delicate Disoaoes.
Thousands cured. CS A friendly letter or call
may pave jou future buffcrinii and Blmme , nnd
aim Rolden jears to life. fVHo letter answered
unlexs accompanied by 4 centH iu utamps.
Address , cr call on
DRS. BETTS & BETTS ,
I4O9 Douglas St. ,
OMAHA , - - NEBRASKA.
, ; ' I'tl.J.V t.orlCACII'H OIIIK.NTAI ,
01IEAM , OK MA01C.VI , IIKAI UFIIIIt.
rnii , I'inii'li" . , Knck-
'lllUllt * " . JCllllialltl ! Skill
ii'l ' uiL'iy Ijli'tni ii ou
htuuty , uutl ili'Ilt * .
U-lccilun. U ha *
floud the tcstt ot iO
it-aid , mil IK no
, IiaimU'K * ti tstelt
tO UtptllO itlA pli > | h >
til > initilu. Atttiit
nu ciiiiutt iT < It of
fiiinllni u .me. Dr.I , .
A. bayti wild to a
latly urtli.'hiiit-ton
' ntl Mit ) "Aayou
ii. .H tlllU 'tllPlll ,
, .orimiiiicnil'flou-
IrnuU'Hf irain'ftrtUitt
/1. / uit Intniful otall
IJtiiin " I'orMtle by
ell Dii'irKMs uliU
Faiipy Uu J * | l a >
j IJiiiti'l st.i't' * f nt H 1it nntt P < r jt ( *
f
MOORE'S
Dccutur. 111. , Nov. 21 , ' 89.
Pr. J , D. Mooro. Dour air : I Imvo
'or ' yonr.s puet bcoi. troubled with bll-
iouaiiUhDtuul toiulfiu'.v to Kidney trouble.
i'our Tri'o of Lifo is tlio only romoily I
mvo uvor fouiul that cn\o untiro roliuf.
[ olieni fully rci'oinini'iiil it to thijso who
imy bo sulloriiiK from Kindred clim/ases.
T. J. Ai : r- .
Kx-Mombor 111. Li'tf
Mooro'4 TfOf ) of [ lf . poiltlra nnra tor ; Cllii |
inabtrur ( j-uplilm nt nil U uoliUiau ) . . lo iii
iyto > mrur wntii rua cm nrjiumuij '
I'rtuof I.lf * maurjit l.id ItauaJrl
t
K tMill liPil In I9T.I. TlinntnniHof tin itrailitntn * In bntlnDM for tlimnjolve * or In KOOit iinThiir poMtloni
n tOokk < H' | > i'M , Unnk tolloM , caMilur . tlorks. coijl | < U , iiiimuncn.oi , nnil ntnnoitrnlu | ) > r < All ii't nlln.illoni
none full , On wcpk'n trlnl froo. No cinmltmtton on oiitorlnu. Inillrldiinl Instruction If ilu lnl l Nn
Tnpntloiicumonhonr ll iiro ri-mljr. Von unn ilinlr ono lirniich or all of tlit-ru. You onu not lumnl nt IJ 01
per week , onto work nlithtu mid murnlnur. K i < nln ichnul for thimo wm can't oomo ilurlnit llu ) il.ir nm
tciicllvr niiili > nma tirnnohustaiiKlit. Our prlcoi are tlio lowiut. riri > litni > r > can lo > rn Knall.li. A ill counl
count of 10 per cent to tlio o wlio roma In cptoiulipr and I.AJT crt h Hliould roil HKI-.I nil n tln ) yoiinic mini
ornoranntoworkii ulits nml mprnln < lot IK know , or If yon ncnd n clurk ur Imnkknoppr or ( .ti-nour "uhnr
Uooks npom-d and clo.eil , .trlcllr rontldcntlnl If you hare room * to rent will rour n'l < 1rpM | Wioiil" rou
romolioro niiil llnd wodo not i/lvowlmt wo proinls- your im.iior . will l > o rofniulod lloro ti ii ncliool IMt
pircr tu tflvo iill factloii or refund raoiipy. Wli.il bettor otterilu you wnut tlmii tbal ? lullllulu nueimncaj ,
butlmvoBBurothlnit , ( lira it * n trim. For furtliur hiforuintlon cnll on or mlilraii
Bathbun , Tuubmun & Co. , Oonr.r lOth and Capitol Avoutio , Oinnhn , Neb
STILL WE
Continue to Make a Full
SET OJF TEETH FOR FIVE DOLLARS ,
AND A GOOD KIT GlfAUANTJ512D.
TKiiTu wn'iiorr TEETH
EXTRACTED
PLATKS , or rotnovtiblo
bridge work. Just the witront pain or clangor
thing for Ministers , nnd trltliotil the useof
Lawyers , Singers and chloroform , ether or ROB ,
Publie Spctikoi's. no by means of our wonder
dropping down. Eat ful local anaesthetic. No
anything you like. Injurious after effects. Wa
'I boso who have been
make no additional char-
trouhlod withi >
\\i arlii a
plate should try ono of Ki > sfor tbo use of this an-
those removable hrldet-i' ' asthollo. Gold and nil
Uall and .see spec linen.Tho
other UIIliiRH nt lowoar
only olllcu whole you ean
ROtlllOIII. rates.
See Our Beautiful CONTINUOUS SET ,
Don't Forget the Exact Location.
Dr , BR1LEY , The Leading Dentist
OFFICES rymo FLOOR PAXTON BLOCK.
Tnko elevator at Kith street entrance ,
TELEPHONE , 1O86. - - 1OTH nncl FARNAM STS. , OMAHA.
Cut this , out as a guldo.
The UNPRECEDENTED SUCCESS
that the
Behr Bros. & Go's.
J :
Have aKuiiipd , and ( lie high praKe they have elicited from the world's MOST UK.
NO NK1) ) ARTISTS , from ( he press and from a public long projudlcod in finer of
Idor makes , it is safe lo.assiune that the in > .tniment mint be possessed of UNCOM
MON ATTKIIJUTKS.
ATTKIIJUTKS.MAX MEYER & BRO. CO. ,
Sole Agents , Omaha , Nebraska ,
Established 1866.
DR. G. W. WERTZ ,
SURGEON DENTIST ,
Js prepared to do all Dental Work in a scientific and satisfac
tory manner at reasonable prices.
All the Latest Improvements ,
Both in Mechanical and Operative Dentistry Employed.
Painless Extraction of Teeth.
IBO Z Douerlais Street ,
OFFICE ESTABLISHED , - - - 1878
WOOD'S ' ICE TOOLS-
RUN IRON , POPE & BLOCK'S
Send for catalogue.
Jas , Morton Son & Go i Dodge 1811 Street.
THE NOTED SPECIALIST in the trentmimt of nil forum of
PRIVATE DISEASES.
17 sears oxnerionro. Olrctnml all nniuuliiKili'-i'liarucN ; Btrlcturn
oruilhcullyor pain in niliovini ; the Dhulilei ; HyphlliH nud nil Di.i-
ras-esof thiilllood and Skin ; Nor iiHMiosB , ( JriiPial Ji > liillty , Lei
nf .Manhood nnd Ambition , Want ot l.lfo inul N itnllty , Had Memory ,
Jo6i ) > onlunt. ( DiHconragpd. llcllofohtniiirilwltliiiiitlo H of tlmo from
liusincsK , Thu most iMiworful remeilinH kmmn to miulurn Bcienco
fur thi > treatment of tlioithoiodixuascH. The eak ( { row HtroiiK ,
thnilesiiondent lipcnniopliwiful from renewed Vitality , Ambition
undCouraKO. Myrebources und farllltieB for dolnu limlnena ) nrn
nnsurpaa.'ed. All correciiondoncostrictlyiiri > ate. WiltofortorniB ,
circulnru and question list. 14lh anil Farnam Sis. , Omaha , Neb.
NO OUREXl NO PAY.
1316 Douglas Street , Omaha , Neb.
how. U HUH Irentlng with tht
ariiiluRte In medlclno ( llploran *
rfKiilnr
ninnr < - PH' niiiorlaiico A
10 r , 10. to U in. bond Btanip for reply.
RED CROSS
"THE CIBICIN ALAND GCNUINC The nnir Huff , iiirrin4r laM < i'mfori i .
ik llruf tiltf r rlcA"frrl Xn'jtli * IHtmon't llrand lu le l kifl fold rueltllla v
tHiirfl * eiilKl tlh Itliio rlbtton Tf ! u nu olhrr kliul.trfuti t > uliitititliota unJ Jmllatfoni -
All plllt In ! ! bn.nl ! - > I In * < * W' . " ' " ' 'H'11" . ! ' ' ! . " , ' ' ' ' , * , " " > , A * 'Ir1u"l"t ' . ' "O1 . "
, Mull
* ( I.nillt infeuer. rtturn
> .ln 110104 fur iiirtlculin UiliniouUli .ml lllrr | tur * tjr *
lO.llllli'rnllmonUli i MI..I.r CHICMC3TCH CHEMICAL Co. , Muill/xii hgunri' . ,
Hula br all I.oi'ul Urua l t . 1'H1J.A U.1'1UA. I'A.
INTEREST ffllDONDEPOSITS
ATOMflHA-LOflNXTRUSTCtt
5.E.CDR. IB &DDUGLA55T5.
CAPITAL'S 100.000.00
DIRECTORS ' . UWYMAN-E.W.NASH \
IH.MIUARO CUV C.BAHTON C.O.I.AKE
J.O.BFIOWN-THOS-L.KIMBALL.
e remwl/ for tlia lioToUbnie-ii. t
Qfto thauundtf of ca no nf the IT trat kintlaitlon < in
lliujiui'limolwnn cu.'fil. In.K'iil ( Hr-mn i m/r.iti !
lalIHiIBcnci : , that I willnnnil TWO uorn.r3 i KE.wilU
aVAI.UAlll.KTKIiA'rihK on tlu diioMutuanyiut
/crer itliu will euJ ma llwir riprnui anU I'.O. ftj Jrou.
r , A. hliu'Uin. W. C. ( IKI I'rnrl HI , , JS. V.
FREE ROHEDY-
f.r Car *
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lfi | i < l' I Ilirtl IDyWIrtrt lilt
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