Nebraska Newspapers

    I
Part 2. HE EE.Pages 9 to 16 ,
I T T
TWENT\f-FIKST TEAK. OMAHA. SUNDAY MOKNING , AUGUST 1C , ISOl-STXTEEN .PAGES. NUMBER 51) ) .
A Look at the Life and Characteristic1 ! of
the Picturtsquo Peon.
DID THE AZTECS ORIGINATE IN JAPAN ?
I'nniliiro , tlio OrcMit Mo.xlunn Sculptor
Dclit slavery nml How li
Tin : Future of tins Mexi
can Indian.
il I" ! I'rnnk fl ,
MIXI : > CITY , Aug. 10. Special Correspondence
pondence of Tin : Bun : The bulk of Ihc In
dian population of North America Is In Mex
ico. The United Slales numbers only about
n quarter of n million Indians. Mexico has
about 4,000,000 whoso blood has the bluest of
aboriginal tlnls and her metizos , or people
who have como from the Inter-inlxiuro of
the whiles and the Indians , arc 5,000,000
more. Thcro are about 11,01)0,000 ) people in
Mexico , and a.000,000 of those nro pure white.
" These and the metl/.os govern the country.
' * * " * Tor them the great mountains vomit forth
their silver and gold , and this rich soil yields
Its wonderful harvests. Under them govern
ments rlsoanu fall , revolutions come and go ,
and to them the Mexico of today practically
belongs. The Indian who originally owned
the land Is only the silent partner whoso
name Is not on the business sign and who re
ceives nonoof tlio proceeds. The Indians of
Mexico nro unknown to the world. The
term Mexican as It Is generally used describes -
scribes only the tuling class , and the books
that have been written nbout the country
nave left out the most Intcresllng part of
the population.
Tin ; 'Mc.xlciiii Indian.
The Indians of Mexico are not at all like
oursavagoa. It i.s a question whether they
como of Ihosamo raeo and they look moro
like tlio offspring ot the Egyptians or the
Japanese than of the Mongolians , who arc In
face and form so much like tlio Indians of
the United Stales. Mexico is moro like the
orient than the Occident. Its common people
live in huts like these you see today on the
banks of the Nile , and they nro of Iho same
typo ns those ued by tlioir forefathers
In the days of the Montczumna.
-f niflr dress i.s not unlike that
of the people of India and Egypt , and their
customs and hablls are In many roapect-s the
Ehine. They cultivate-tho - soli in Iho same
way using the snmo forked slick wilb ono
handle for a plough and driving Ibcir oxen
witli long goads while they
merely scratch Iho ground with the
Btick. Their women carry water from tlio
wells In red jars upon their heads as they do
In all the Mohammedan countries , and the
draping of the robosu around the mouth .so
.that you can see but littio clso than tlio eves ,
S > may have como from the eastern custom of
veiling the faces of the women. I see hero
every day features that maico mo think of
the Japanese , and the skill shown by the
Mexican Indians in pottery and art work ,
indicates that they are of mixed Japanese
origin. Some of the ( lottery of Guadalajara
is beautifully decorated and artistically
bhancd , and the most famous of Mexican
sculptors hnvo Japanese features. This man's
name Is Panduro and holivos at Guadalajara ,
which by tlio way , is u city of 100,000 pcoplo ,
situated In the wcstorn'part of tno country ,
mid Is the center of art and culture in Mex
ico. It Is the Athens of tbo cppublic , and tbo
llnost. art works of all kinds of Mexican make
nro turned out there. Panduro Is a wonder.
Ilo can take a piece of black clay , and in ono
Billing of several hours ho will model for you
a bust of yourself which U a perfect likeness ,
and which will not bo moro than three or
four inches high , il you so desire It. I have
been in his studio. It Is a hut ot sunburned
bricks and tie squntts cross-logged on the
floor Just line a Japanese , and bis only tools
are his hands and a little knife much like a
case knlfo or a putty knife. Ho lias a lump
of clay on a board In front of him , and ho
works away Us ho talks , turning out his
wonderful photographs In clay. Ho made a
remarkable staluollo of Uiiimn .Inch , the
actress when slio was here , and his types of
exican lifo fairly speak and act. Ho willI
in told , go to tno Chicago exposition ,
nml if he docs I predict for him that bis
filmo will be International. I speak of him
hero , howovor.as a typo of n class ot Mexican
Indians. Ho bus the features of a Japanese
mid the photograph which I took of him
would not bo out of place In any collection of
pictures from Japan.
Mc.\luaii-lai > nnrHo Art.
The similarity of the Mexican and Japa-
nc.so art Is fi.und In other articles as well.
The Indians of the semi-savage tribes of the
western parts of the country make lacquered
tables and bowls which are both beautiful
and artistic. Tnoy paint these with roses
and oilier llowers mid their lacquer will
stand water , and , though not like the won
derful work of the Jananeso , It may bavo
como from the same origin. The Japanese
nro fond of llowois and those Indians Imvo-u
similar taste for them. The Japanese basket
work Is noted and hero you find the finest of
baskets of all kinds made of many
colors and most ingeniously put
together. In their love for chil
dren the two people nro alike , and
I see babies carried about hero on the backs
of ttielr mothers and sisters Just as you will
GOO thi'in In Japan. 1 see thorn also carried as
you will see Ihem In India , and I uolo that
the numbers of toys for children are as many
In Mexico as they are In Japan. These Mexi
can Indians do wonders In frescoclng , All
the houses of the better classes are frescoed
instead of being papered , and n Mexican
plasterer , at W ) cents a nay , will turn out of-
Jccls that would do credit to italy. They
have all of iho care and honesty in their work
of tlio true Japanese artist and will labor for
weeks nn a wax liguro to produce a certain
effect , and they make the wonderful
pictures out of foaihers that sur
prised the Spaniards under Cortes ,
nml you can buy these same pic
tures or have them made to order hero in
Mexico City today. They work like the
Japanese , each In his own llttlo Jwelllng , and
\vhen thov have enough made to start out for
a wiling trip , many of the artists take their
packs on their backs and peddle out their
wares over the country. I met a basket
seller out in tbo fields near Mexico City
today. Ilo had about fifty briskets on his
buck , and ihesc , iho result of a month's work ,
lie was bringing Into tlio city to sell. His
leather pantaloons were profusely patched ,
Imt his wulto sack-like shirt was as clean as
falling snow and Iho cotton drawers that
fell down around his bare , brown feet were
clean , and In this cleanliness 1 see another
likeness of the Aztecs to t'.io Japanese.
These people lake frequent balhs and they
nro always washing their clothen. The poorest -
est Peon wears clean wlutu cottons and 1 fre
quently t-ce both vexes bathing together hero
as thov do modestly and with no thought ot
ihamo In Japan. So far 1 sen nothing about
these Indians to connect tliuin with our say-
nges of Iho western reservations. They nro
II ill lie rent people and they coula never have
had the simo ; origin.
Ab u class these Mexican Indians are per-
hnp.s the pool CM t people on this conlinciit.
Thrco hundred years a o they were the rich
est aiulMontcguma gave Cortes plates of gold
mill silver as big as their horses. Since then
they have been the slaves of their con
querors. They have been oppressed nml
beaten and worked for generations and it Is
only within a few years that they have had
the chance lo bo anything i'l < o. As they are
today hundreds of thousands of them are
liopoloasly In debt mid are ns much
tlobt slaves as are tha debtors of Smm.
Millions of them llvo from hand to mouth ,
and only the fowesi have what the American
negro of the bouth would consider a compe
tency. Peon debt Muyory was abolished
( ished In Mexico In IbTH , but in practice it still
iirovulis , T lies o Indians manvof ihom are
uonorable and all ot them great lovers of
homo ami the locality in which they live.
The huts which they occupy on Itin farms of
their master creditors have been the homes
of their families for uaueratioui , acd though
they are not bound by law to work out their
debts they do so and Incur olhers , so that
they keep themselves and their families m
bondage for years to como. They have no
hesitancy about irolng again In debt when
once free , and Americans who are trying to
farm hero on our methods tell mo It Is
almost Impossible to keep their men without
they are their debtors. Tnoy never get any
thing ahead , and when they want to get mar
ried they usually borrow enough to pay the
prloits and llio fees and get the wedding
outfit , and this makes thorn debtors for
yearn. Their employer * pay ihorn so much In
food and wages each day , reson-lng n sir-all
amount oul of each month's wngo.s to go
towards the debt , and as their wages raniro
In different localities from nbout IS to 50
cents n day. It will bo seen that there Is littio
hope for their supporting tlioir families and
paying thnir debts In some parts of Mexico
boys got 11 cents a day , and In others the aver-
ttgi1 farm wanes Is 111" cents per diem. On the
Mexican pluto-ui the wages range from 18 to
ji ; cents , and along the lines of railroad
where track layers and construction com
panies have nu'ld moro they have become
considerably higher. On thu farms these
Mexican Indians work right along for these
wages. They lay off only forSundaysand feast
days , and they appear to bo industrious ,
quiet , subservient and good laborers. Even.
If tho.\ are In debt they can change their
masters by sayini. ' that tnoy wish lo loavn
and by getting a new muster to assume their
debt and take them. In such a case a new
contract is entered into ami the Indian stays
with his now master till ho eels dissatisfied
and gels another master lo pay his dobls and
lo lake him In. Tnls debt nliwory exists in
other branches of industry as well as farm
ing. Factories bavo their Peons and mines
have ihcir debt slaves. The company store
exists hero as It does in the mining and man
ufacturing regions of Iho Untied Stales , and
Iho Peons get deeper and deeper in debt as
they llvo on.
on.How
How tlie Peons Llvo.
The Mexican , however , spends but little
upon himself or his house. Tlio houses of
the poor are huts or hovels , differing according
'
ing t'o tlio locality. On tbo Mexican plateau ,
wiiero there Is lillle wood , the Indians live
in low , square one-story huts of sun dried
brick , often constructed without windows.
Tho.su hovels are like great mud boxes. They
have flat roofs , no chimnoNs or lire places ,
and the door of each hut is of roughly made
boards and so low that the men and women
of the family hnvo to stoop in entering it.
Most of these huts have but ono room. The
family sleep on the Moor on mats and there
are neither tables or chairs. The cooking is
done over a fire built out of doors or in a cor
ner of tlio hut and the cooking utensils are
of burnt clay and not of iron or copper. It
costs but a few dollars to build such a hovel
and the average Indian can build his own
house. Near the towns the o huts are In a
collection of a dozen or so , making suburus
or villages of mud , and on the haciendas
they are-oiton insino Iho wall surrounding
the adooo buildings where their masters live
or they are built clcso to the wall
on tho"outside. . Along the railroad you
often see them made of discarded railroad
ties , the tie.s being sot on end anil , tortnlnir
the walls of the but , while a thalch of cactus
or other loaves makes the roof. If you will
rbmembor the average , leuntli of the railroad
tlo you will know ttio height of the Mexican
railroad hut. In the rainy regions of Mexico ,
where the water comes down in showers
every afternoon for several months of the
year , tlio huts nro built with ridge roofs , and
in the valley of Mexico and amid the pictur
esque mountains along Iho line of Iho Mex
ican National railroad you see roofs made ol
board and tile. The board roofs , are tied on
and held down by means of stones placed
upon then" , and the tilfs nro fastened with
mortar. In few of these Indian huts are
nails used , and ropes and withes take their
places. The cheapest huts of all are those of
tbo hot country or low lands along tlio
coast. These' are made of coneor
poles , which nro driven into tbo ground and
tied to cross poles with strings. The poles
are of the same length and to their tops raft
ers are tied and on these n thatched roof is
fastened in the same way. Sometimes the
pole walls are plastered'with mud , but gen
erally ttio poles stand about an inch apart
and you can see all that is going on in the
hut through Its walls. I saw whole villages
of such huts In the state of Vera Cruz , anil
the Indians who swarmed in and out of them
were often half nuked. Hero there was
plenty of wood and the cooking .vns donu in
the open air. On the plateau much of it was
done with charcoal , and the lire was
kept alive while- the food was on it by means
of a fan made of rushes , which the women
moved vigorously to and fro during tbo
operation. Both on the plateau and in the
hot country 1 saw many huts which had
several rooms , and the homos of the boiler
classes of the poor had now and then n table
and a chair. In Ihe cities I find the majority
of the poor llvlnc in tenement houses , and
hero in Mexico City there are streets where
the people fairly swarm and where whole
families and several families nro crowded at
niu'lH in ono dump , ill-smelling room with
nothing but this foulest of sewerago-lauen
ground to sleep upon. On tno outskirts of
the city you may see the homos of squatters
mauoof all kinds of refuse malorials from
tin cans lo store boxes and sun-dried bricks ,
and some of the huts nro so low that the
pcoplo have to got down on all fours to gel
luo Ihom. Such places ura occupied bv the
poorest of the poor of this great city. Their
Inhabitants llvo by bogging , odd Jobs and
often by stealing , an1 they constitute what
might bo called the residences of the llvo
points olonieut of the capital.
How They DWHM and Wlrit th y Hut
The Mexican Indians are not the blanket
savages of our western territories. They do
not cut the seats out of their pantaloons before -
fore they wear them ns our Indians do.
They are in fact as cleanly and particular
about tlioir clothes as any pcoplo in similar
circunutancos llio world over. The poorest
man has his white shirt , wide-legged panta
loons and Iho Indian girl wears a while
chemise and a shirt. She has it Is true , not
the corset , Iho hip pads or iho bustle of our
advanced civilization and the covering of her
long black hair is only a shawl as costly as
tor meager purse can buy , still she looks
neat and tidy in her simple raiment ami when
young she has a straightness and roundness
ot form and feature , which many of our
belles might envy. The feet
of both sexes are bare nml
are half clad In sandals made
of two pieces of solo leather about Iho size of
Iho bottom of your foot and ono bouud on the
top and the other on the solo of the foot when
worn. TLcso sanilals cost about -a cents a
pair , and you could dress an Indian woman
so that she would look respectable hero for
JJ.WI. It would cost considerably moro to lit
out the man , mid the clothes of the Mexican
Peon nro ono of the big Items of the family.
His blanket or scrape , which ho wraps pic
turesquely about bis shoulders nud which ho
wears when not working both day and niirhl ,
costs all Iho way from $ ' as high ns he can
afford lo go. I navu seen some that were
worth ? " > 0 , but these were hand made and
very line. His hat , broad-brimmed and of
straw or felt , may cost less than $ l
or II may cost f. > 0 and his pantaloons or co it
a like amount. If. however , ho is the ordi
nary Indian ho willconllnohlmself to ncheap
serape and his cottona and ho will march
around tin Jer his big straw hat with all tbo
airs of tlio brigand of the stage. Neither ho
nor his wife will wear underclothing , and
they will sloop at night in thu same outfit
that tnoy wore during tbo dav. Thu cost of
their food will not bo proportionately greater
than th > cost of ihulrclothing. Three-fourths
ot Mexico Hvis almost entirely on black
beans utid cakes made of Indian corn and the
frijoles and tonlllas muci-a with red pep
pers make up tbo diet of the Mexican In
dians. The tortillas form iho chief occupa
tion of the Mexican house-wife. Every
woman l. her own miller and cook , A rough ,
flat stone a foot wide and eighteen Inches long
is her null , and she so.iks the grains of com
In llmo water till they uro soft and llien rub )
them on this stone with another round
stone like the whetstone you use
In Miai-poning a scvtbo m > tll she
gels them into a paste. She pats this out
like a griddle cake and cooks it before her
open lire. U is by no mean : ) bad eating , and
with a * auco of rod popper It Hews down the
great Mexican throat by the millions per
diem. As to the frijolo.i. or black beans , they
are sweeter and bettor than the baked beans
of Boston , and iho boiler classes of Indians
have many dishus which uro both cheap and
good ,
Indian Villagi > n.
Many of the Indians of Moxlco llvo in vil
lages of their own. They hold their lands In
common , cmltlvalo them together and divide
the proceeds. These villages have their own
customs , mid while under the general govern
ment they have certain regulations xvhlch
govern Ihelr own peoplo. All over Moxlco
Ihe Peons , Aztecs or Indians however they
may bo called have traditions , queer cus
toms and superstitions , many of which have
como down from thud ays of the Montezumas ,
and It t.s n wonder the ethnologist does
not make thorn n study. There are , it
Is SMIil n hundred different dialects In use
among them lodny , and thoueh the most of
them Spanish , ncarl ) alt speak their own
language us well. They are a people of moro
than ordinary culture , great lovers of music ,
easily governed and very pollto Thov ex
hibit great love towards each other , and In
their families and the question as to their
future Is ono of the questions of the Mexico
of today. They have produced many good
men , Proslden Jatircz , ojio nf the greatest
men of Mexico's past , wivi a pure Indian ,
President Diaz has Indian blood in his veins ,
the Mexican congress contains a number of
pure luiilans , and the great Mexico of the
future is bound to bo greatly influenced by
its Azlec blood.
F'llVNK G. CAHI'CNTCIt.
co.v.v
When a woman applies for a divorce- - nowa
days , the lirso question people ask Is"Whom
does she want to marry now1 !
No railroad stock over depreciated in value
so rapidly as a set of ardent , love letters dur
ing the first yo.ir after marriage.
There are some women foolish enough to
believe that their lovers will keep all tlio
promises they make wlilio thov are engaged.
"Marrlaeo has its redeeming qualities , "
said 1'orpor as he paid oil Iho mortgage on
Ins house with some of bis new wife's money.
"Hello ! where is your engagement ring ?
Is your engagement with Harold olfj" ' 'Oh ,
no. indeed ! Ho took me out to got some ice
cream last nij- lit , and wo had to leave tlio
ring as security for the cream. Harold
didn't have a cent.
A notable marriage nt the Windsor hotel.
New York , lust Monday nvening was that of
John Fowler Buck , the younger son of
Colonel E. A. Buck , the odilor and proprietor
of Iho Spirit of the Times , lo Miss Bella
Louise COOKO , ono of Clovel.ind's prettiest
and loveliest women.
Kansas City Journal : A Lincoln , Neb. ,
boy of nineteen lies Just married e woman of
titty-two , and the dispatches say naively
that tlio courtship has extended Over a period
of live years. A woman of forty-seven court
ing a boy of fourteen ! She must have com
menced "bv combine bis hair and spanking
him on" to bed.
A romantic wedding took place in Cedar
county , Nebraska , on July 'J'.i ' , s iys a Yank-
ton paper. Thu contracting parties were
second cousins and residents of Dakota , the
law of which docs not sanction marriage be-
twpcn parties so nearly related. Not lo bo
outdone iho wedding party went on u picnic
live miles out of Yi.nuton into Cedar county
and had the ceremony performed.
Iir the supreme court at Bath , Mo. , lust
week was witnessed the spectacle of a fif
wife for divorce
teen-year-old pleading a
from her husband , aged twenty-two. They
had been married n few months onlv , but the
husband had already assaulted his inoilicr-in-
law. who appealed in court , with a gasncd
forehead and a blacic eye. Their marriage
wus apparently a failure.
The Now York Herald tells this matrimo
nial story in hoaolinos : Kl.-.io Van llor.io's
Homanco Ends in Elmira PrUoa Thursday ,
Elopement I-riday , Marriage Summy ,
Kollowlin * Airest-
Separation Thursday , -
Friday Sentence Saturday. Imprison men t
Husband Arnhoim a Thief Ho Married tlio
Girl Thinking She Was Kicli , and She
Eloped with Him Believing His Father was
"Wealthy.
To tbo Washington list of fall brides and
grooms , in which Mr. Garland and Ml.ss
Heap , Mr. Balch and Miss Fleming , Miss
Virginia Williamson and Mr. Hancock are
already prominent , may bo added those ot
Mr. Blair Dee and Miss Anna Brooke , whose
wediiing day is sea for October. Another
wedding with a diplomatic lluvor and also sot
for the fail is that of Scnor Don Antonio
Leon Grnjeda , third secretary of the Mex
ican legation , and Mis Ani3 * Darncs of
Georgetown.
Miss Duhlgron of Washington will antici
pate the autumn lido of weddings by having
hers at the season when her mountain home
is taking on its most romantic phase , about
September in. As already announcjd , her
marriage to Mr. Joseph Pierce will talii-
place at "Dablen , " Mrs. M. V. Dahlgrcn'H
country place , and will bo a quiet but stalely
ceremony , .since Cardinal Gibbons is to
olllcinto and lit Key. Bi-.hop Kcano is to
assist. Miss Tjrexel , the youmrcst uiui now
the only single -sister of Airs. John Dahlurcii
and Mrs. Erie Dahlgreii , will bo the brides
maid , and some others of ttie young people
who have figured in tlio marriages of the two
indies Just named will attend these two
young aspirants for matrimcnial dignities
upon this momentous occasion.
Owen Clarke of Cleveland , n merchant
sixty-llvo years old , summoned Attorney M.
W. Beacon , Tuesday morning , the 4th insl. ,
and dictated what ho wanted in his will.
Laler in Iho day lie visited Graw Brothers ,
undertakers , and had prepared a bill of ex
penses for a respectable funeral , which he en
dorsed as correct. Tlio next morning ho and
Mrs. Murphy , a widow , drove to the church
of the Immaculate Conception on ( jyinnii
streetwhere a marriage ceremony was begun
by Hov. Father Sydney. Before the last
words which would pronounce them man and
wife could bo .spoken , Clarke fell forward ir
an apoplotlo spasm , from which ho never re
covered. Ilo expired in a few moments in
llio arms of his bride It was learned later
that Clarke bad made a solemn rromiso to bis
first wife on her death bed that ho would
never marry again under any circumstances.
In his will , Clarke loft his entire estate ,
$10,000 , to Mrs. Murphy.
Eton , or the collection of schools which
constitutes what is popularly known us Eton ,
has 1K)0 ( ) scholars.
A public school law recently passed In
Now Mexico has caused a great demand for
school teachers. The applicants so fr.r have
not been above one-third the number re
quired.
With the Idea of preserving the Gaelic lan
guage the duke of Athol's daughter Is pre
paring for the instruction of the Gaels of
Perthshire in reading , writing and speaking
their native tongue.
Dr. Frederick M. Fling of Blddoford , Mo. ,
has been elected professor of European his-
lory In the university ot Nebraska , In place
of Prof. Howard , who has gene to the Leland
Stanford , Jr. , university.
General John Eaton , at ono time United
S'atos commissioner of education , mid lat
terly president of Marietta college , Ohio , has
resigned the latter post In order lo devote his
time to educational lecturing and writing.
The London national training school for
cooitiiry reports that .1,001 pupils entered for
training In Ib'.H ' ) , seventy-seven teacbors ob
tained diplomas , aim since tlio opening of the
school tire total number of pupil- , has slightly
exceeded 10lOO. , (
A recent applicant for a teacher's cerlltl-
cato In Lake county , California , wrote in an
swer to a question that Iho vegetable king-
dfin of Australia was divided Into two grand
divisions known ns the animal and mineral ; "
and in answer to iho question as lo how our
law * were "enacted , " answered that they
were "enacted by iho grand Jdry. "
The Argonaut : A Yale student recently
handed In a paper to his professor , and wa's
surprised the next day to have it returned
with n note scrawled on the margin. Ho
studied It diligently , but was unable to de
cipher iho note , ami BO ho brought his paper
back to the professor. "I can't quiio make
out what this Is , if you please , " mid the
student. "That , slri" said the proiu ser ;
"whv , thai says I cannot read your hand
writing. You write illegibly , sir. "
At a recent mealing of the board of trns-
tce.s of Yunkton , S. U. , collegeE. A. Bechtel
of John Hopkins university , Baltimore , Md. ,
was elected to the profct > sor&hlp of Latin , to
succeed Prof. J. T. Shaw Mr. Bechtel Is a
graduate and past-graduato of Johns Hopkins
and has made a special study of Li'.tin and
kindred languages Including Sanskrit , and is
a specialist in philology and ancient history.
Ho now holds a fellowship In the famous
Baltimore university.
A CONFEDERATION FETE ,
Oalobntion of the Six Hunurath Anniver
sary of wtz ! dand's ' Freedom.
A PEOPLE OF.PROGRESSION. . .
Modern Modes ol" Alpine Clltnhliif *
Thu M-iKiilflucnt VliHv fi-oin the
Itifjl Thu St. IJeriHir.lH and
'llii'lr .MlHSon of Itll'o Saving.
LuriiuxR. Switzerland , July 20. [ Spccm
Correspondence , of Tun Uii : : . ] Commencing
on the last it ay of July , * thcro will opoa In
Schwyz , n confederation fete , which tslo ln
cluiloiin hiuorio pl.iy , given in linaor of the
GOOth anniversary of tlio taiclng of the oath
of allegiance.
Scnwyz Is one of tlio throe confederate canton -
ton mentioned in WlllUn : Toll , the other
two being Url and Uiiterwalden famous for
ho oath of Kuotli.
A Coiifbdor.Uinn Koto.
Briefly outllnocl , the first sketch represents
'liberty" ' showing to the three Helvetian fam
ilies Jaeger ( hunbmon ) , Fischer ( lishernieu ) ,
and Hirtea ( shepherds ) , nbaut iOJ H. C- , the
shores of thu lake of the four cantons ns
their future liome.
Sccno ' 'a Hoturn of the conquerors
from Mor arUm on November IB , Ktl5
Tliero is joyous erecting by the people at
Brunnen. Thou follows a description of the
battle , and a renewal of the oith : of allegi
ance.
Secno IJil Murtun In 14TO , showing
camp life , with flight of llio Burcundians ,
and victory of thu confederates.
Seeao 4th Tlio day at Stans , Decem
ber , 1481. Quarrels occur between town
folu and the peasantry , tri-eolor.s vs duo.
Scene 5th Pcjtalozzl at Stans , Scptem-
ber , 1703 ; adoption of the orphans after tlio
terrible day.
Last scene Ore it fete of the confederates
nt Sehwyz , August 1 , ls 9l. Assembly of all
the various iri'oupoi in above scones , and of
the Swiss people of nioJera times around
Mother Helvetia
Between each of the scenes there will bo
tableaux vivauts , lepresenting pictures of
SU'iss history.
That part of Switzerland Oejng about the
lai < o of the four cantons commonly
known to English speaking tourists ai the
Lalco of Lucerne , will bo en fete , and the
shores of tlio lake .will bo Illuminated with
Chinese lanterns , wliilu the summit of the
lligi and Pulutu.s mountains will ouch have
its bon fires and Bengal lights. .
Oil ir.iutor.sticri of ti ! ; ; Swisi.
The Swiss arc a slow.ploddiug , industrious
people working liarJ at. ttiolr labor , and mak
ing the most ot any diversion which they
feel disposed to grant themselves.
It is certain tliat tlioy earn the right of a
fete , and will enjoy the present one after
ther , own quiet manner.
Here , in the playground of Europe , rich in
soil , salubrious air , and 5.01110 of nature's
( 'rainiest , works , thn Swiss toil from day
break till sunset , be it in his pastures on the
mountain slopes , or upon the rude bench in
the isolated chalet , in the volley , where no
sits carving his bit of wood , sometimes no
longer than c cherry stone , " jynich combs out
of his hands a marvel of tlligree work , and
of such beauty as to mock us with the pa
tience-displayed tucrccu '
Itcncllis of Invention.
Switzerland , like othorcountrics , is rapidly
showing the practical results of modern in
ventions. Over and up mountains , through
passes and valleys , whore a few years ago
travel was ilone ontireb by dilligonco or car
riage , now boast of their narrow and broad
gouge r.nlw.iys. until soon no snow Alp will
ho complete without its luciculurocog wheel
system.
That picturesque figure of Swiss climbing ,
the Alpine gui.lo. will eventually have to live
upon tlio memory of his many ascents his
vocation , like that of the Danish , prince ,
will be gone.
The lunifUlaro railways swell in number
eachyearand | even that bride of all the Alps ,
the .snow-covered .lungfrau , will soon be as
coudod , not as of yore by means of pickaxe ,
ropes and alpenstock , but by the favorite nar
row gauge railway.
With what , many may consider this modern
desecration , much of the ron.anco of Alpine
climbing must disappear.
A Very I'niKJ'ivsHlvo People
The Swiss , like the rest of tlio world , are
progressing , and with their well-known love
of gain see in such changes many thousands
of francs pouring into the now company's ex
chequer each season , For , the number ol
of those who are adventurous enough to
bravo the physical fatigue and the trials at
tending the ascent , is very small in proportion
tion to those who would willingly reach the
summit in a more comfortaulo and less haz
ardous manner , no matter what the cost.
Tlio Higi was the first of tdo mountains to
claim the attention of civil , engineers. What
was , at that moment , moio or loss of an ex
periment , has proved sufltcluutlr ' successful
to suggest many others to follow.'until today
not only in Switzerland , but In Italy or.dGo > - -
many , every well-known mountain'where an
uninterrupted view may bo obtained lias its
furnicularo trains running to the summit.
The View KIV.III Uifjl
is wide and enchanting ; ouo seems to bo look
ing down upon an illuminated map.
As far as tbo eye can see arc villages ,
green fields , blue-green lakes , with a back
ground of snow Alps ; peaceful villages , with
reu-rooled houses and churches with tall ,
slender spires ; mountain slopes dotted with
burnt brown chalets , and winding roads so
white as to suggest a slender thivad.
The sunset is superb.Tho following morning
At the sound of the Alpine horn wo JUastonto
the point of outlook with the cold snow air
brus'hing our faces , and witness that graiul-
of Swiss slghls , an unclouded snnrno.
The sun , looking like a great ball of fire ,
slowly rises from behind a mountain and
'
casts 'its glow upon the , snow po.iks of tlio
"
Dcrncsu Uborland ; onu utter "another the
different snows catch the crimson coloring ,
until in a moment , the entire , ' range Is vivid
with ttio Alpine ( 'lube.
I'lc'tiiri'Hciun Costume * of thu Women.
The costumes of the 'peasant women nro
extremely pretty , anil yaVyhti style accordIng -
Ing to the canton 10 which they belong.
The prettiest of tlmso are \yprn In St. Gall
anil the Anpopzoll , consisting of a black uc-
cordlan plaitcil skirt , rather short ; white
linen waist with full slouVea reaching to the
elbow , black velvet bodice | accd before and
buck with silver ohtdus and 'fusionIngs ; sil
ver chains also falling from below the elbow
ending in hnniUomo lllugrco oanamonls.
Around the neck of the cqnage Is a V-slmped
collar of pnio rose or blye surah , closely
platted , which is worn so ns to leave the neck
exposed , a wldo dog collar of gurnet beads
with filagree silver clasps , and handsome
largo silver buckles or pins la the hair com
plete tllO COitU'ilO. '
Caught Iho Spirit ol'Pro'ross.
Trio .shepherds no longer wear their orlgl-
nl costinni ) ; they , too , seem to have caught
the spirit ol progress ami now dross like their
brotuors in the village. ' Onu reason I have
heard aligned for this is that the pictur
esque costume Is expensive and so long as
Klein & Co. , try to undersell Guggenheim ft
t' the peasant will dros < uftor the modern
style
Splendid St. HcrmmlF.
Ono sees some splendid specimens of that
line breed of dogs , the St. Bernard , in moun
tain places , for Switzerland is the homo of
this particular race , ulthouch th.o original
brot'd came from Spain. Thu.io nonlo crea
tures , witli their ulmoat human liitvlligonco
and kcon instinct , dciyrvo nioro than mere
mention , for their work In rescuing lost trav
elers and snow wrecked guides entitle them
to muro ttmu passing notice. Powerful to
look upon , gcntlo ovcd nud Intelligent , capa
ble of undorstandlliL' the work expected of
them , they take their instructions from the
monks and masters with u complete know *
ledge of how th6y will proceed to not , and
with blankets strapped about their body and
a llask of brandy about the neck , they are off
to their work of rescue.
Often woarv and foot sere : climbing dan
gerous snow peaks and leaping over crevasses -
sos , they push onward and upward , for hour
after hour and rarely return to their clois
tered homes without fultlllm'ir their mission.
Could men do more than this )
HlillliMlllllK About S\vl M ( "llli'M.
The Swiss uro largo manufacturers-
the silk , cotton and woolen goods nude in
Zurich compare favorable with those of oth
er countries.
Geneva , independent of its Immense trade
in watches and music boxes , has Its educa
tional side , and the university anil schodls ,
are well known for their excellence.
JJnlo is the wealthiest cltv In Switzerland.
Its chief wealth llc.s in its manufacturing In
terests. His also the Important railroad center -
tor , a network of roads running into the city ,
conducting to all directions.
Lucerne and Intorlnkon nro but summer
places where the tourist comes with knapsack -
sack and alpenstock , ptvp.ireJ for long
tramps and mountain excursions.
NirrlnV. : . COU.INM.
.vjir i-'oii rni : i..i/ > ; / .
Satin effects appear very prominently In
the new ribbons ,
A pretty girl and a gold dollar pass cur
rency everywhere.
A now dressy glove lias a point on the
wrist , plain or embroidered.
Both round and oblong clusters of llowers
tire noticed in the now brocades.
It is hunt for a girl to bellevo that a man
isn't sincere when he is paying her a compli
ment
Yes , Dress Uofonn. You are probably cor
rect. The ' 'Common Sense Corsot" titii no
doubt come to stay.
Mrs. 1'Vank Stuart ParKer suys corsets
have filled moro graves than whisky. They
both make their victim * very tight.
When gloves are laid away in a box they
should bo wrnppeu In parallno tissue paper.
Never lay gloves together clean or soiled.
All undergarments nro more nearly fitted
to the liguro than they have over been. Kven
nightgowns are bolted , though loosely , or are
sloped ! n about the waist.
A pretty dress for the house is In white
lawn , the corsage tuckered so as to form a
front. The sleeves , the collar and the laps of
the corsage are In guipure.
Tlio riding habit is of gray stockinet , wild
waistcoat of white coutil checked witli blue.
Since it is for country wear a white sailor hat
is added with cheeked ribbons.
A graceful walking drcs : is In chestnut
foulard. The corsage forms a scarf o\vr a
front of old lace. A narrow bonier of laeo
runs down the sides ; tlio bottoms of tlio
sleeves are ail adorned with lace.
Pearls bid fair to take ' .he place of diamonds
mends in popularity. At many very swell af
fairs it was noticed that the ladies wore beau
tiful pearls in place of the brilliant diamonds
which had previously been used as favorite
jewels.
The chemise most used suggest ? a combi
nation of the corset coyer and short under
petticoat. The Marguerite chemise , with low ,
lound neck and without sleeves , is shaped
in the back ny three box plaits that extend
alinoit to tlio waist.
A fad of tlio season is the use of yellow
pearl , white and lavender cl.amois glavcs ,
plain or stitched with blaco. They cannot
he worn as close lilting as kid gloves , as
they are not elastic. They soil , easily , but
the yellow and white especially was well.
A pretty bonnet consists of a shape of gold
cloth embroidered with pearls of various
colors and surrounded by a fringe of tulle ,
which rises behind after the manner of
Normandy bonnotn. There is a rose satin
bow in front anit the strings are of black
velvet.
WLite sorpo Is the material of the boating
dress , cheeked with tonjuoiso blue. There is
a band of plain blue about the skirt and blue
braid outlines tlio coat rovers. A blue
corded ribbon fastens tlio white cambric
blouse , and tbo sailor hat has a blue iin'J
white ribbon.
Wreaths of bramble flowers and riponinr
blackberries are laid about rustic straw hats
and tied with knots of green velvet libbon.
Hats of chilTon trimmed with bunches of car
nations back and front are as picturesque us
any now on display. Black hats are going
out ol favor.
Corset covers for slender figures are "baby
waists" of nainsook shirred to a br-lt of linen
set on as a facing , the ends extending over
the hips. The low , round neck is edged with
narrow luce or embroidery , and the fullness
is held by faro beading , through which baby
ribbon is drawn.
A nogligo costume for the country is in the
form ol a loose blouse , with a deep'collar cut
in squ-ires and embroidered in boft tones of
silk. Around tlio hips are short buiqucs , also
embroidered. A heavy coru i.s fastened
around the waist under the blouse , and mils
down the front of the skirt.
Kccenti lollies of shape herald the autumn
not of color. A bcasido dress of white bon-
giuinc was finished this week. The front was
trimmed witli a flounce put on in points and
edged with white velvet , but the dark Creole
b 'anty who ordered it expected to bo more
than equally impressive from tin back view.
Turned down collars are a ivlief for which
to bo grateful after the tilch , torturing stocks
in Which necks have been imprisoned so long ,
They are made of pleated or gathered lace , in
white or cream. Small capots made entirely
of ( lowers arc worn by women who object to
tbo big hats or gauze toques covered with
jewels.
Black hosiery Is quito as safe a choice as In
any former season , notwithstanding the re
peated warnings of'its retirement. It is worn
oven with colored shoes , and often is pret
tier than matching hose would bo. Black
lioso with a light embroidery , in some color
brought out more strongly In other portions
of llio costume , are effective.
In the way of shoes russet leather oxfords
are worn ns mu 'h as over ; but tbo colors are
rather darker than last year. In fact a well-
dressed man is almost always eminently
'quiet1' in tils colors , although the bright red
neckties worn this year with gray and brown
suits nro such pretty innovations in the way
of color that they have become very popular.
Miss Willaru says that the Clmutaurina
dress reformers , ol whom she is a moving
spirit , have not rcneeed the point of opposing
or recommending the divided skirt. Their
present assault is made against hlL'li-hicled
shoes , dirt-gathering skirts and ' 'thu death-
line bodice. " The question of trousers for
women , sde says , is a matter for fuluro dis
cussion.
Soft yellow sheepskin Is recommended for
travelers' shoes. Slippers are perfumed by
sifting some choien scent powder between
thu lining and outer leather. Americans
show no disposition to give up the piccadilly
too for the clumsy square too to which tlio
ISnylisli women nro returning. A hinh gloss
is a Persian notion just now for dressed kids
and leathers.
\Vliito shoos will bo moro worn this season
than formerly , and are being brought out , in
many varieties. Tlio white patent leather tlo
Is liiiiulsouio. Whi'e undressed kid slipper *
have gold heels and soles , and white satin
rovers nro on green kid tics. With white
cloth and wool t'owns are worn shoes of black
patent leather having while cloth tops. Several
oral kinds and colors of leather often nro
combined in ono slipper , the va p being of
one sort , the quarter of Knottier , the Instep of
a third , \vhilo heels and soles may match one
of thu three.
Tlio favorite materials j'it now for even
ing wear are the line silky cropona , silk mus
lins , China crepes , organdies , nets and tulles
with either velvet spots , iloral embroideries
or a powdering of tiny gold , hilt pr or crystal
br.iuUngh and M.irlu Antoinette brocades of
nil designs nt splendor In tint and patterns.
The greatest liberty is allowed In evening
dress and ro > ulii > In striking contrasts of sim
ple organdie , wiui toilets diu/lmgly joweltod
and elaborately ornamented.
Precious Mones enter largely Into the con
struction of evening gowns fur matrons , and
the potsessoM of ninny dels of jewels have n
gowu to match each sot. A lady whoso or
naments are justly ci-lnbratcd In the fashion
able world wore recently a white gown bro
caded with gold , draped with folds of yellow
muslin clasped on the shoulders and at ttio
waist with topaz clasps , ilknnond epaulets ,
girdles and buckles , opal clasps , and real
pearl fringes add to the glory of many a so
cial queen's toilette du bal , the point bolng
not to wear the jewels not as oanainonts , but
ns component and essential partsiof the
gown.
If your completion Is n dctlcalo one and
you freckle ana hurn easily , bo sum and pro
vide yourself with a ivd veil. This gives the
best protection to the face. Wear it In the
MIII and on the water. The nut-brown maid
Is n popular fad during thu summer , but
rossos and cream an- preferred at the cot IN
lion In the wlntii. Unfortunately , the sonsa-
live- skin , after being exposed to MIII and
wind , docs not alwiu's resume its lair ,
healthy appearance. Therefore bo ndvlscd
and use tin- ounce of prevention. Butter
milk removes a sllgnt coat of tan and keepi
the skin soft and fresh.
Uncle Snm tuts TOO lady preachers.
The Methodist general conference of Mon
tana voted i"i to Sto admit women ns lay
delegates.
Fuller Molllnger , whoso miraculous euros
at Troy lllll shrlno have made him famous ,
lias accumulated a fortune of $ IUKOOU. ( )
The annual conference of the African
Methodist Episcopal church ts In session in
Sacramento , presided over bv Bishop Ur.tnt ,
n well known colored theologian.
The free Methodist churcn of Allontown.
Pa. , allows no ono who belongs to a secret
society , uses tobacco or wears Jo\volrv to become -
como a member of tlio congregation.
Hov. Mr. Unwan of Strudslmrg , Penn. ,
has docllncd u SI,400 call , although ho gets
only $1,000. The call didn't como from an
other church , but from a baseball club.
Out of the British Isles the Salvation army
have now I.TO.'i corps and 1,010 societies , alto
gether ' . ' , " . " ) I separate salvation societies.
These are led forward by fibOO olllcors.
Hov. Joseph Bailsman , pastor ot a Prosby-
toriau church in Rochester , this stnto , has
tendered his rcslgnitlon , he being In accord
with the views held by Professor Briggs.
According to the returns published In the
British house of commons the annual Income
of the Church of England is about fti.iiOU.OUU ,
of which f''T , ! ! I. > , S.V > are from ancient endow
ments and $ l,4\l \ ! , ! > 30 from private bounty
since 170 > 1.
Hero is the prayer of the minister of the
Cumbrays , two miserable Islands in tlio
mouth ot tlio Clyde : "O Lord , bless and lie
gracious to the greater and tbo lessor Cum
brays , and in Thy mercy do not forget tlio
adjacent islands of Great Britain and Ire
land. "
The Congregationalism , are doing well. Ac
cording to their year boolc the denomination
numbers over fiX ( > ,00) ) members , with more
than 1)00,000 children in tlio Sunday schools ,
The amount of money raised and expended
last year for bcnovolenco and houu' expenses
ngerogatcd almost f',000OJO. )
The total propoi'tv valuation of the Catho
lic church In tlio United States in ISTiO wis
$ ! V-fcii.Vi. ! ( in IbliO it was WOTT4,11I ! , In 1KTO It
was $ i0'Jsirir ; > ( M. That Is to say the aggregate
wealth of the Catholic church increased
about 18 per cent from Ih.VJ to 1800 ami about
I''S per cent from IbllJ to 1S70.
It is said that the tract written by Hov.
Dr. Newman Hull , the English Congrega-
tionallst , entitled "Como to Jestif , " has tiad
a greater sale than any other rclleious work ,
the bible excepted. Several million copies
bavo been printed , and it has been translated
into moro than thirty languages. The author
li now Vioventy-llvo years of age.
Tl-o risks of a pilgrimage to Mecca may
wed make the most earnest Muaselnian hesi
tate to undertake that pious duty. Of the
( ili,0)0 ) pilgrims who have sailed from various
oriental ports for this sacred spot during the
last six years some 'JJlll , ( ) ) have never re
turned. A few. it is thought , may possibly
find tlioir way back by other routes.
Mr. Spurgeon. the great English preacher ,
is as fond of being a gentleman farmer ns
Beecher was. Ilo has a tlno country estate
atB-mlah Hill , Norwood , whore ho has gath
ered an unsurpassed collection of plants and
shrubs from all over the world. The grounds
arolmndsomelylaidoiitnndr.il the appoint
ments of the place are on a magnificent scale.
The Baptist Missionary union sends out
this year the largest number of missionaries
ever sent in a single year. Forty-four of the
.sixty are newly appointed , The largest band
-eiuhtccn go to Btirmah , tu ! t Hold where
Baptist effort has been so greatly blcsssd
from the beginning. Ten go to Teloogoos of
India , eight to Assam and the romalndcr are
scattered in China. Japan and Africa.
The Hoy. T. W. Bristol of Beaver Falls ,
Pa , draws the lino. When ono of his lambs ,
Solomon II. Myers , wrotoof him that ho was
'sharp as a tack , " ho prayed that the
sinner's hard heart might bo softouod ,
When ho added "cunning as a fox , " he
turned the other cheek. When upon this
came tlio averment that tlio shephoid of tno
Hock was "sly as arat , " the said Fhophord
shod a forgiving tear. But "deceitful ns
hell" was ono too many. Ho rose and brought
suit for .f''jODO damages.
The second Ecumenical Methodist con
ference will assemble in the Metropolitan
Methodist Episcopal church , Washington ,
D. C. , October 7 and remain in session two
weeks. Tlio first conference was held in
London , England , in 1881. The October con
ference , which will represent the 45,000.000
Methodists throughout the world , will be
attended by BOO delegates. Three hundred
will represent America , called the western
section , and the others the balance of the
globe , designated as the eastern section.
Next to Phillips Brooks , whoso gigantic
size Is well known , the bishop of the Episco
pal ctiurch , who possesses the greatest girth
and stature , is Bistiop iValker of North Da
kota. Ho is three inches above six foot In
height , stout in proportion and has a strik
ingly handsome face. His hair and beard
are black. The bishop i.s an entertaining
talker and a man who thinos as brightly in
society ns In the pulpit. A few days airo ho
won some notoriety by introducing a "mis
sionary car" Into the service of thu church ,
and with it hu carried the gospel by rail
through the northwestern states.
Mr. Gladstone recently said : "Tho older
I grow tbo moro confirmed I am in my faitli
and religion. Talk about tlio question of the
day ! There is but ono question , and that is
the gospel. Thai can and will protect overv-
thl.iir. "AgnosticismI I am profoundly
thankful that none of my children or kin
dred have been blasted with It. I am glad to
say that about all tlio men nt the top In Great
Britain are Chridtlans. I have been In public
life fifty-eight years , ami forty-seven in llio
cabinet of tlio British government , and dur
ing those forty-seven yonr.s ) have been asso
ciated with sixty of thu master minds of the
country , and all but live of the sixty wore
Christians. "
.WB.V Of MA II 1C ,
Herr Alvary , the toner singer , boars an as
sumed name. Ilo is really the son of Andreas
Athenbacb , the well known marine and land
scape painter of Duossoldorf.
When the monument to the tuneful Burns
was appropriately unveiled at Ayr the other
day , HO.OOll people caino to do honor
to tlio exciseman who was so poor In all but
brains and feeling ,
Stephen A. Douglas , prosecuting attorney
for the city of Chicago , mid son of thu
famous democrat of that name , never visits
Springfield , 111. , without going to the tomb
of his father's old political opponent and
friend , Abraham Lincoln ,
Archbishop Ireland , who is likely to become -
come n cardinal , is a native of Ireland and
llft.v-throoycara of ago. Ilo has resided In
St. Paul for many years and during the war
wus chapUin of the Fifth Minnu.oU in
fantry , no was ordained to thu priesthood
In ivil nud raised to the archoplscopal
dignity In IbbS.
Charles Francis Adams has turned from
llio charms of tunning a railroad to those of
elcclrlcity. Ho is expected snon to ( usnmu
the presidency of the Westinghouse system.
General | < ; . nurd Urubb. the minister to
Spain , will M'll for Now York August'Jllto
be present at the reunion of llio Phil Kearney
brigade , of which ho is president , and also to
look after his uhancos for the governorship
of IS'HW Jersey ioxl : year.
General I'Mtner , iho now commander-ln-
chlot uf Iho Grand Army of IhoHopublio , has
turned hU attention of late years to fresco
painting and decorating , and most of iho In-
tenor painting of the state capilol at Albany
U his work. Ho Is utlnblo and has many
warm friends. Ho is an excellent presiding
officer , but a blow and not particularly elo
quent speaker.
CRAVE TONCIAL
They Are Quietly Dhotmjd by Secretary
Foster aid Senator Shor.iuu.
QUITE A DIFFERENCE OF OPINION ,
The KoriiK'r'N l-Vnir mill a Hull' L'ot
CiMit Soli 'iiia Not li'iivorc.l by
tlio Iiattor Sonuitltln- ;
.Must Itu lioiu > .
M\Nsmu : > , O. , Aug. ir . Wlnlo politics
wcro warm yeiturday and Mnjor Molvlnloy
and n woman by the name of Oiijgs from
Kansas , who represents tlio farmers' nlllntic *
wcro debating economic- questions In a grove
some twelve mlles distant from this place ,
speeches upon gr.ivo subjects were being
miulo by twodlsitnguUhod moa in this town.
Tlio audioiii'econslsto'd of only two and they
wore also the speaker * . The conference was
an Important oao , If It m.iy bo sj designated ,
but In reality It was a friendly cjaimiinioii
between two important nion who wore facing
each other upon national financial affalM ami
the present condition of iho money m-irtot. ;
Kverslnco .Mr. Foster became secretary of
the treasury there h.u bjoa moiv or less dif
ficulty about adding to the circulation , and
when ho proposed the scheme of continuing
the \4 } P ° r cent bonds at 'J per cunt Interest ,
It was expected that the oft'or would be laken
with avidity. After making duo arrange *
mcnls for its acceptance , Secretary Foster
catno to his homo at Fosterin for a short
visit and then wont to Middle Bass inland ,
In Lake Brie , lor a rest. Mr. Footer was
resting comfortably and enjoying hlmsolt
with important , men that lie know , who
every year go to Middle Bass for comfort
and repose , when ho was summoned bv the
announcement that white the batiks generally -
ally were willing to accept tils proposition
the pcoplo who bold the -I' . , per cents were
not , and , after six weeks of trial , only a llttlo
over f 18,000,000 out of f.ll.OOO.OUO were con
tinued under tlio secretary's .scheme , Ho was
not particularly content with this showing ,
and started nt once for Washington , but
caino hero first to see Senator Sherman.
Last evening , ivliilo Major McKinlov was
addressing the husband men at Blackmail's
Grove , where they were holding a picniu ,
Mr. Foster reached .Mansfield for consulta
tion. Ho hau wired Senator Sherman of his
coming and llio statesman was at the depot
to receive him. They drove at once to Sher
man's residence and then began ono of tlio
most important talks upon financial mailers
that bus taken place In tlio country for a lone
time. It continued for live ho'nrs , during
which the entire financial question was re
viewed and the question of continuing tlio
4 , ' , per cent bonds was naturally the central
figure of the discussion ,
Politics , or the present situation in Ohio ,
did not cut a prominent liguro in the confer
ence. Secretary Foster put some very inter
esting hypothetical ana practical questions
to Senator Sherman , which very soon demon-
sirnlcd Ihe fact that the ox-secretary did not
agree with tlio present ono about contlnuliiff
tbo4J per cents. Secretary Foster took no
pains to conceal the fact that his idea In en
deavoring to continue the $ . * > 1,000,000 ofjiff
per cents at U per cent was to use tlio money
in other directions for the relief of trade. Ho
thought that tlio stringency of the market
could bo relieved If this project could bo car
ried into effect ; but If only SI8DUO,000 or
$ 1,0011,000 out , of the $31OOO.OJO could bo
turned to account , llioro was some oilier1
plan necessary lo bo considered instead of
the ono ho had proposed.
Senator Sherman did not .share the secre
tary's views upon the subject. Ilo thought
that secretary Foslor should pay Iho ! , ' < , potf
cents , and bo undertook to show how easy it
was for him to do so without making iron bio
in the financial world. The question of
where Ihc money was to come from was
freely discussed. The ox-secretnry's propo
sition was that the money already in the
treasury that could bo spared from the sink
ing fund , and that might accrue in tbo tnoan-
tlmo , would bo sufllcient to pay off ttio bonds
when duo. It was evident from tlio discus
sion that Senator Sherman never had been
in sympathy with the schema of continuing ;
the ! ' < , ' per cent bonds instead of paying
them off when they matured. Ho explained
to the now secretary If the chat may bo
called an explanation that Hie month of
.1 uly , the worst in the year , had been passed
in safety , and that now gold would rot urn lo
us as our elTorls began , and Unit the move *
incuts of iho splendid crops ami tlio payment
of new revenues .would make lliings'easy ,
saying that thu bonds could bo paid or retired
without difficulty or danger. As about $18-
000.000 had already boon continued , It loft
only Si3,000,000 to bo provided for , and llio
ox-sccrolary considered that it was easy to
make provision for thorn.
The question of what effect the retirement
of the securities that have boon held by the
national banks ns a deposit for circulation
would have on the banking system was nat
urally one of the foaluroa of the discussion.
Senator Sherman did not think it would have
any except to eventually somewhat cliiingo
Its character. Ills opinion Is that while It
will not change the system after these bonds ,
which are held as a guarantee lor circulation
arc retired , Ihe government would issue the
notes directly from the treasury dop irtmont
upon llio deposit ot bullion in tlio treasury to
cover tlio amount t suod. Mr. Sherman took
the ground thai it would not atfect the banks
rind that they would very soon adjust them
selves to the new conditions wlion the gov
ernment would furnish the currency to thorn
direct.
How far Secretary Foster iicccptod or will
accept Senator Sherman's views upon this
subject remains to bo soon. Being a banker
himself and having dealt In practical finan
cial affairs all hU llfo. his Ideas In proofing
tocontlr.no the -I1./ per cent bonds at ' * ! par
cent was to avoid any friction or now experi
ments nt the tinio when paoplo uro bogging
for more money.
Secretary Foster took fho 11'l : \ train for
Washington to decide his coiimo after his
arrival at thoj.reasury department , and what
'
may bo the 'outconio of thU important and
rather unusual meeting will doubtless bo dis
covered within the next twenty-four hours.
Secretary foster exhibited no nervousness as
to the grave emergency ho must very soou
meet , and certainly Senator Shoriii'in's man
ner today and advice of last night exhibited
nothing but perfect conlldenro that ovory-
thlnL' would go along smoothly and Soero-
lary Foster would find no dllilculty what *
over In meeting ovary obligation ,
Mol Stone , who founded the Chicago News ,
was a reporter on the Inter Ocean when Llgo
Halford , the president' * prlvutu secretary ,
was managing editor. Slorio was an aggres
sive fellow , with ideas of his own , but Hal-
ford took a dislike to him and discharged him
lor Ircoinpoteno.v. Some years after that ,
when Stone was In tlio zenith of his success'
with llio Nuws , Halford wont to him for a
Job. Stone refused to give htm work , re
marking that ho believed Hallord had bad
Judgment because bo hif ! discharged him
( Stone ) from thu Inter Ocean. Tills was
rather humiliating to Halford , but when
Stone's News was worth lour of the Inter
Ocean Stouo's argument was forcible and
conclusive. _
Ex-Senator Spoonor has shorn tlio lonu' and
wavy locks that usud to fall thickly over his
Dvronlo collar and glvu his tlio name In
Washington of the "Laureate of tli.t Senate. "
Ho is now as well groom 3d as any man In
congress. Mr. Spoonur Is lending u quiet llfo
In \ \ Isconsln , but ho occasionally runs dowu
to Chicago to make n political 'prognostica
tion.
CardinalLavlgorio wutoncon boausnbrcur ;
Cardinal Howard formerly held acommmloii
In the Llfo gtiardu , and the car.atml arch-
blshop of Perth was In youth the smartest ot
Austrian hussars.
Thostatuoof Pope Lee which wan presented
to Iho I'ullioiio university of Washington by
Joseph F. DoLoubutof Now York has ar
rived aim bus boon placed for the tlmo being ;
In the prayer room of tuu university.