JO THE OMAHA DAILY BEE. SATURDAY. JUNE 27. 1891-TWELVE PAGES.
THE NEEDS OF THE FARMER ,
How His Labors May ba Lessened and His
Happiness Increased.
WHAT LEGISLATION CAN DO FOR HIM ,
Tlio Improved Condition of the Agri
culturist City l'c < i | > lc' * Hitlimitu
of KarmcrH .More Capltul He-
< | tilrcd Tlinn formerly.
Some month sloco the Cosmopolitan of
fered two prices amounting to $101) ) , ono for
the best css'iy by n farmer's dauphtcr do-
ecrlptlvo of furtn llfo and the otliur to bo
written by n farmer on the needs of the
farmer , his hours of labor mid the IcRlslntlon
necessary for rendering hit condition tnoro
prosperous. The pni > or by the farmer' *
daughter has already appeared In the columns
of Tun HK , mid this wceic wo reproduce the
farmer's pri/o paper , written by Ahnor L.
Kra/erof.Milford , Ohio , which is published
In the Juno number of the Cosmopolitan , as
follows :
\VhlIooiircountry ppnorally is prosperous ,
and rapidly Krowltif ? In population and
wealth , it is an aunnnnal condition of affairs
Hint agriculture , which has always boon rec
ognized as thn basis of prosperity nnd wealth ,
should send up lus wuu 01 depression , i
situation affords an Interesting problem
wuotbor farmers sonorally are sufloritif , ' more
than inon in ether occiipiitlon.s. Merchants
also coiniilain of short prollts and unromun-
oratlvo business , und published reports show
their failures. To what uxtont present social
demands mid increased expenses of living
ami labor , together with less productiveness
of soil , enter into this question , is worthy of
more consideration than can bo given hero.
Certain H is , Unit the whole social piano and
style of living is on n higlior level than in
the days of our pioneer forefathers , and
farmers cannot bo expected to drag
behind the advancement of other classes.
Yet , with all of the complaining
there are farmers who prosper.
They are thrifty and enterprising men ,
some of whom have undertaken new modes
and objecUof farming , and withal have suf
ficient capital to conduct their business ad
vantageously. Others accumulate dollars by
cxcusslvo toll and the foregoing of homo com
forts : It being simply n question whether the
man finds greater pleasure in accumulating
wealth than in comfortable surroundings and
social and intellectual enjoyment.
While considering the question of agricul
tural conditions , the fact cannot bo over
looked that , Industrially , great changes are
transpiring In that central portion of our
country east of the Mississippi nvor. Once
It was "tho west. " and its , virgin soil vleldcd
prolific crops which lured tlio farmers of that
day to iii'ileot ; replacing by fertili/ation the
exhaustion of continued cropping. With the
western spread of empire , enterprising farm
ers the pioneers of pioductivo civlli/ation-
foimd in the broad prairies mid extended
plains west of the Mississippi cheapar lands
and virgin soils , r.ud the longitude of
supply moved westward. In compensation
for loss In grain production , the central area
found wealth in coal , iron , potrolouin and
gas , and , as showiLjjy the iccont census , the
rural population has commenced moving to
the towns mid cities , and manufacturing is
rapidly Increasing. This , no doubt , is the
natural course of ajustment which prowinc
population and weakened soil nccossito. lit
course of time the equilibrium will bo some
what adjusted , and the problem , what shall
fnnnors do and produce , will bo-settled. In
creased manufacturing and consequent
growth of towns by multiplying manufactur
ing consumers and reducing the number of
producing farmers , will adjust the question
of supply and demand. These handmaids of
necessity and wealth , nericultuio and manu
facturing go together ; manufacturers must
bo rod and farmers wants must bo supplied.
Combine these in equitable proportion , and
their products can bo produced at minimum
cost and sold at rnmunorativo profit. The
process of cquillrallon is going on , but mean-
tlmo nerlcultnro suffers , because it is in ox-
coss. When the adjustment is naturally estab
lished , the probability is th&t manufact
uring will bo less profitable than nt prrscnt
and farming will bo more profitable. Mean
time , what shall farmers do I
Uoforo proceeding further , lot us settle an
Important preliminary question. What is
and what will bo the condition of the farmer
of this country ! Is ho the typical "honest
farmor" Hint city people talk about ; Ignorant
as to gcnoral Information , social courtesies
and the world's ' affairs ; a mcro drudge from
sunrlso until dark ; tno coarse , ungainly fel
low who may be a diamond , but has no
polish I City people who thus esti
mate "farmers" know little about
them. Let them attend "farmers'
clubs" and "institutes" and ether meetings ,
and bo Instructed by the practical knowledge
and common sense which is tbeio brought
out. In cultivation of the soil , and care of
live stock , probably no occupation requires
nioro varied knowledge than funning. With
such Intelligence and occupation thcro is
genuine lolinomont , and with wealth there
will bo luxury and elegance. The tiller of
the soil will bo not only the "honest fanner , "
but the intelligent gentleman. Ho will dig
nify and bo honored by the labor with head
and hand which will ( 'ivo him health and
wealth ; and his homo will bo graced with
comfort and rollnomont. Theionro farmers
of this kind now , and their numbers will In
crease.
Such Improved conditions como of steady
growth , they are not mndo to order. Hut It
is snfo to'suy that , among the evolutions of
the future , the developments in agriculture
and the condition of iunnors will bo no loss ,
at least , than those of any ether Industry.
The needs of .such people are inoro than
the primitive log cabin and the forest. Yet ,
on an average farm , as usually culti
vated. It Is hardly possible to accumulate
wealth rapidly ; for if It comes at all It wll
urrlvo by slow nm'otions.
Among the llrst conditions of successful
farming , as In ether occupations , Is content
ment with the business , its environment and
results. Dissatisfaction with condition and
surioundliigx Is always a Imno to success
Skillful use of Implements Is essential , not
only for what the farmer can do himself , but
that ho may Intolligentlj direct his employes
But this does not imply that the use of tools
is all of farming Fur'from It. Tools must
bo used not only deftly but Intelligently.
Kor this special knowledge is requitedbased
upon concrnl intelligence. The judicious
care of llvo stoek requires some knowledge
of their anatomy , physiology and medicines.
So , too , In the care and use of the
soil Chemical analysis of soils may some
times be mivantagcouMy mndo to determine
the lenuiroa treatment and foitllization. Ami
In the many varied departments which are
comprised In farming , constant drafts are
made upon the most extensive fund of knowl
edge and practical common sonau. Hcnco
the necessity and advantaco of the hboral
endowment l > y congress of agricultural col-
logos. It is lamontnblo that these colleges
have been comparatively little used , either
because the stuto has not faithfully adminis
tered the generous donation of the general
government , or the sous and. daughters of
farmers hava not takim advantage of their
opportunities.
Fanner's clubs. Institutes , granges , ultl-
nncos , fairs and such organizations have
long boon found to be excellent educators ,
and consequently help on the general -
oral movement for better fanning. Some one
of these societies should bo organ licit in every
nolghboihood and supported by every fanner.
They are to the farmer what the exchange Is
to the merchant , or the club to the lawyer or
doctor , or the union to the manufacturer or
mechanic. Frequent comparison of oxp' ' < rl-
once Is Instructive or bonollclal ; and thu so
cial opportunities vary the routine of dally
work ,
ie.ildes ) the educational and social object of
these societies , thu tendency now favors extension -
tension of their Inllui'tico , and afford are being -
ing made by some of thum for inaro thorough
organisation Into local , county , atiito and mi-
tlounl societies. The uillclcnoy of UHMO local
societies will bo Increased without Impalilng
tholr Individuality , and thu organi
zations will strengthen and Infuse energy
Into the entire system. Already agricul
tural organliatlous and conventions , m all
part * of the nation , have expressed in clear
and decided lauguago both their personal
needs and political opinions , especially on
cow Issues. On some of tuoso questions na
tional and state legislation tins already been
adopted. Whatever has been the cause , and
what will bo the result of this popular
movement , It Indicates unrest. At all ovouti ,
It Is la sympathy with the almost universal
policy of class organization , and farmun urn
constrained to unite for mutual protection
AUii BdvuuccmoDU WUca trusts uud combi
nations of fnrlous Interests rnonopolbo trade
and concentrate capital for usurious protlt ,
necessity compels counter organization
for cffoctuut resistance. When farmers
are untiled , they , representing the dominant
industry of our land , will step forward in
strength as the defender * of individual and
public rights. Their prosout effort In soaio
localities tend toward an Independent politi
cal party , butjgcncrally farmorsjarejcontontito
rely upon existing parties for needed legisla
tion. They may requlrg now planks in party
platforms , and perndvcnturo a now party
rimy supplant ono of the old ones , In either
event , It Is hoped that the politics of our
country will be Infused with purer blood am
higher motives. Heretofore farmers , like too
many ether people , have voted their part ;
ticket us it was given thorn by the party man
agora ; but now they purpose to assort them
selves , and demand , among other things
that the small percentage of farmers In the
national and state legislatures shall bo In
creased in ratio with their great numbers
The enormous consolidation of railroads , am
combinations of capital , manufacturers and
great landed estates , will Inevitably cut
mlnato In reaction mid tovolutlon ; mid It behooves
hooves all classes of people to bo proparec
for tlio contest. Gigantic monopolies are
against wholesome public policy and Indl
vldunl rlchts , and their suppression will bo
demanded and otfectod by popular outcry.
As a conservative inlluoiico and potent la
power complete organization of farm
crs is demanded , that they may
voice public sentiment in the
snicly coming revolution , forced upon the
puDili ; by monopolists and extortionate coin
binutlons. There is neither figrariantsm , so
clulisin nor anarchism in this ; It Is merolj
forecasting the inevitable Issue which mo
nopollsts should foresee and our statesmen
provide against.
Capital is required In farming as In ether
busit'ijss. The slmplo plant , including lam'
und buildings , a plough , harrow mid her o ,
may enable a hard working , close mauogcr
and rluid economist to make a living ; but to
farm advantageously mid profitably , and llvo
eoitifortably , requires capital , Horsoj , cows ,
sheep and hogs are necessary and profitable ,
and implements and labor-saving nmchiuor.v
in house , barn , Hold mid garden nro required
to reduce work to a minimum , and In buving
what Is needed and holding crops for advan
tageous sales , money is indispensable.
A comfortable house , ' surrounded with
well-kept lawn , shrubs mid llo'v-
ors , and n kitchen garden with abuu-
dance of vegetables and small fruits , are os.
sential for economical and comfortable living-
Such surroundings tone up the man , stimu
late his ambition , und inako him enjoy and
appreciate his homo , inspire him with /ost in
his business and help him to success. The
Influence and Importance of such surround
ings are too little considered and appreciated.
Good schools cannot ho overlooked. They
require good teachers , and teachers are wor
thy of good salaries , A teacher whoso great
est recommendation is "small pay" is the
most extravapaut thing in the township. An
incompetent teacher wastes the valuable time
of every pupil , and no child or parent can af
ford such waste. As a rule , "tho best is thu
cheapest.-
Intelligent and judicious farming Is per
haps the greatest need of the times. Contin
ued "cropping" cast of the Mississippi with
out judicious cultivation and fortili/a
lion , has impaired the soils ; and n .similar
course In the west will praduco lilco results.
Intelligent farming U required to improve
thc.su land ? , and It is quite possible to in
crease tholr productive power from lil to 50
per cent. Thus improved , a small farm will
be more profitable than a larger and more
costly ono. because of the smaller investment
and because increased crops per aero Imply re
duced cost per bushel. Demand will indicate
the crop ; and vegetables , fruits , poultry , bees
and the dairy may bo made more profitable
than grains. Whatever is marketed , have it
of the best. Earn personal and neighborhood
reputation In this respect. Of butter It may
bo said that notwithstanding its manufacture
on overj farm and Its general use , few farm
ers' wives understand the Importance of Its
preparation , or nro willing to civo necessary
care in its manufacture ; hence the condemna
tion mid low price of daily buttur. On the
other hand , tljo excellence and uniformity of
the best creamery butter bus established its
high character. It is a fact , however'
that the best butter is made In tbo
homo churn by au Intelligent mid painstak
ing dairymaid. Such butter has a
delicacy of llavor which is impaired In
wholesale manufacture by machinery.
Connoisseurs readily detect this peculiar ex
cellence. A reformation in butter making on
farms is demanded by the public , and is re
quired for farmers' prollts.
Probably no class o ( manual toilers have
so many working hours as farmers. While
operatives In many industries have scoured
a reduction from ton to eight hours' labor
[ ior day , farmers continueto work from
twelve to Jiftoon hours In summer , and
nine to twelve In winter. Al
though there Is some labor-saving machinery
on every larin , its purpose Is more to save ex
pense than time. The tendency , however , is
toward fewer working hours. With the in
vestment in farm plant , and grain , cattlc.etc , .
constantly growing and multiplying , and
with labor-saving machinery , farmers ought
not to t > o compelled to work more hours than
ether breadwinners. With thoiroquablo life
and exorcises In open air farmers ought to
live longer than other classes of men. But
vital statistics show otherwise : and while
the avorngo of human lifo is about thirty-
three and a half years , farmers rank liftli
in the list of occupations. Whether this Is
the result of overwork , or of unnecessary
exposure , or of Inability to resist aciito dis
ease , or any other special cause , tlio writer
does not undertake to settle. In remodeling
the manner of farmtnir , and of personal
work and living , working hours will bo ad
justed upon lutQlllgont and sanitary prin
ciples , and to the advantage of fanners in
shorter labor hours and lengthened llfo.
The law enacted by congress and some
state legislatures , within a few years , to pro
tect the public : against the monopoly mid ox-
torllon of powerful trusts and combinations
of wealth , and the manufacture and sale of
spurious and adulterated food , will
require amendments , and the vigi
lant power of the govern
ments must bo exerted for their enforce
ment. The full effect of the organisation of
powerful monopolies in this country is not
yet manifest ; our nation is too young , mid
Iholrgrowth too recent , to show their full
possibilities. Onerous ns their exactions
may bo to Individuals , their greatest danger
will bo political. The first intention of their
organization was for hono.u advantage in
business. Hut nvmico knows no boundsuud
as they developed and strangthoned , now
fields opened mid opportunities multiplied ;
accumulated wealth must bo invested anil
greed must bo satisfied , oven at
the expense of Individuals and
the public. Such concerns , powerful in
energy und enormous wealth , with the In
spiring motive of iiionoy getting mid the
power which it controls , seek only the main
chance , regardless of the sufferers. And It
has been charged that , to accomplish tholr
ends , they do not hcsltato to corrupt and con
trol legislatures. It Is no secret that legisla
tors are furnished with railroad passes ;
and so flagrant is tin * cheap corruption
that In somu btates laws have been enacted
to piohtbit the giving of railway passes
how over much good such laws do ! Observ
ing people know how easily great corpora
tions and nionosod monopolists can obtain
whatever legislation they require , and how
difficult It Is for the people to secure adverse
legislation to restrain such corporations.
And , not content with controlling legisla
tures for their pecuniary Interests , news
papers have publicly charged that some
enormous moneyed corporationshnvo entered
the political Held in support of special party
measures , and even in the olectlou of United
Status senators.Vith moneyed powers so
atrocious In business and In politics , it is
little wonder that socialism , ngrarlanlsiii
and oven anarchism Una followers in tholr
terrlblo alternatives.
Wo boast of wealth , and nro proud that
ours Is the richest of all the nations ; but if
concentrated wealth oppresses the people ,
corrupts legislators and debases our politic. ) ,
it is high time that wo look nt the consequences
quences , for history repeats Itself , and tUo
germs of destruction of our Iroo Institutions
may nestle In gold , stocks und bonds , when
in unscrupulous hands. As business men
and patriots , farmers are Intori'stod equally
with other cltUens m this important ques
tion , not only boo.iusq of the extortions of
trusts , but also on account of the danger
ous possibilities of ouormoua wealth.
Hence tbo condemnation by farmers of
monopolies , und their demand for timely
legislation , to control and suppress such
powers before they become too many and too
strong.
The same fnot applies to the amassing of
t'roat bodlos of land by few owners. It is
contrary to the policy und spirit of our frea
institutions , Farmers should own too land
they cultivate , and it I * not doslrablo that
their farms bo excessively largo. Owner
ship of the land Induces to its Improvement ;
and a largo number of owners and cultivators
of small farms iuiurca tag boat population
who , bciy.uso of ownership of tholr
ionics , nro patriotic , Intelligent and con
servative. Great land owners , like great
wealth holderswill assert the Importance of
tholr possessions , and claim superiority mid
lordship over the loss favored , and so an
aristocracy of land mid money will bo built
up. Tharo is too much of this already.
American farmers want no aristocracy In
this country , mid they ask for leglslntlon to
prohibit the sain find holding of large" tracts
ol land , especially by foruUnors ,
Farmers ncod stringent legislation by con
gress and state legislatures , to protect them-
aclvus mid the public ogainst adulterated and
spurious butter , nhcaso , lard and food eon-
orally. This matter has hadsomo legisla
tive attention , but the evil is not yet sup
pressed , As n matter of course , people can
not justly bo prohibited from making mid
selling and buying and eating oleomargarine
or any other stutT that Is not poisonous. It
may suit the palates and pockets of some
peoplo. Hut farmers Insist that when oleo-
margurino or such fabrications nro put on
the market and sold , they bo honestly marked
mid sold for what they nro , and bo not im
posed on tlio nubile ns genuine butter , or
what they are not. Wo object to the fraud
ns well ns to the article. The fat of animals ,
however manipulated , cannot bo nnido Into
genuine cream butter , and honestly demands
that it be sold for what it Is. So with lard.
A compound of 00 per cent cotton seed oil ,
-0 per cent talloxv , IS par cent lard and par
cent water , Is very fur from being genuine
lard , and it is n fraud to sell it as such.
Farmers make pure and genuine butter
from cioaui , and pure and genu
ine lard from hog fat , and claim pro
tection against fraud and Imposition , In the
name and for the benefit of the public , ns
well as of themselves. Not only Is this de
mand for honcstv anil mi 10 food for our homo
consumption , but also for forolcn trade. A
few yeais ago wo wore building up n profit
able foreign trade for butter , cheese and lard ,
winch amounted , in the year ending Juno : ii ) ,
Is-O , to 1 ,05iiH : ' ) pounds of butter , valued nt
? . ' , ! fS , 1,17 Cliooso , 111,0 ; , ! ) ! W pounds , valued
nt 810,411,40' , ' ) . Lard , JVVJlii.XJD pounds ,
valued at $ ! 2'ir > ! ) .VJIi. ! The three years fol
lowing , the export of butter fell off over GO
percent. In four years the export of cheese
declined over ilO per cent. During thcso years
the export of lard varied but little. As n re
sult of legislation and diplomatic interposi
tion In favor of pure food , uud its foreign
sale , the exports of these articles have ma
terially Increased ; amounting , for the year
ending .Itino IW , Ih'.K ' ) , butter , B7"IS,0 ' 3
pounds ; cheese , ! )5)7ilor ) ! ) > 3 pounds ; lard , 471.-
lS.l)08 ) pounds ; aggregating a value of $ .VJr > S I-
000 , against $ ytt7J,000 ; : , when under the Inilu-
enco of dishonest adulterations. Farmers are
entitled to the credit of this improvement ,
through their aeitntion against imposition In
spurious ami adulterated food.
Legislation U also needed to suppress the
inonopoli/iug efforts of aggregated wealth
endeavoring to control the markets for cat
tle , grain , otc. , both in the buying and soil
ing. Also to suppress gambling In grain
and ether products thiough "futures" und
" "
"options
As u > the tariff , farmers seek no advantage
over other people ; but a protective tariff
having been adopted as a policy of this coun
try , if It yields the benefits claimed by Its
friends , farmers ask that they shave the pro
tective benefits equally with other classes.
While our home markets consume Hi percent
of our agricultural products , and it is thcro-
foip wise to build up homo markets , there re
mains a surplus of S per cent which must
bo maikntod abroad. To secure the bust
foreign markets arrangements of equitable
reciprocity of trade with ether nations should
bo eiTootud ; particularly is this desirable
with our neighbors south of us. Reciprocity
in trade with all nations and the consumma
tion of Mr. Blaino'.s projected confederation
of commorciallnterests with thu Latin-Amer
ican states are measures of great importance
to tbo farmersandournationaUcgislationand
foreign diplomacy should spare no honorable
efforts to secure tncmul the earliest possible
moment.
In many states legislation is required to
reduce taxes by reduction of salaries paid
state and county oftlcors. While public
oftlcors should bo well paid in order to secure
the best service , there is no good reason why
they should bo paid salaries which amount ,
in two or four years , to more money than the
average fanner can make in a lifetime.
Thou , with readjusted tax laws , so that nil
property shall bo honestly returned and
fairlv placed on the duplicates , and mort
gage property shall not pay double taxes , the
now burdensome taxes under which farmers
groan could be greatly reduced.
Looking forward , the prospect tor farmers
Is hopeful. Relief may not bo Immediate ,
especially to these who nro burdened with
debt. Some may oven have to succumb to
circumstances , and the entire transforma
tion may require inoro than n gencartion , but
the conditions of prosperity in this country
are so great and manifold that it will bo im
possible for an interest as. Important as agri-
milturo not to share in the general prosper
ity. The farmer of the future will bo a dif
ferent man to the farmer of tto past ; laboring
loss arduously , farming nioro intelligently ,
surrounded with reasonable prosperity and
exercising his political privillgos honestly
ind conscientiously , his labor will bo honor
able , dignified and productive , mid agricul
ture and farmers will occupy the rank to
which they are so eminently entitled.
wir HOOKS , i.v/ >
The "Biography of Dlo Lewis , " which has
recently boon prop.irod , at the desire und
with the co-operation of MM. I3io Uowis , bv
Mary F. Eistman , sots forth In concise nnd
simple language the principal events In the
lifo of the man , who has prob.ibly done more
than any ether one man , to cra.Ue an intorojt
In thopliysic.il culture nnd development of
tlio human race. Ills methods wore not
violent und overtaxing , but atmoil at a full
and harmonious training of the entire man.
Ho was not only the ablest advocate of
luysicai ciuiuro in m any , out was r.iso tnu
oumlor of sovor.il Institutions of learning in
vhich attention was given to the peculiar
icods of women. Uoltoving that intemper
ance was the greatest enemy of man's
> h.VMcul , social mid moral woll-bolng , ho do-
otod a largo part of his llfo and olTorts to
combat this evil. IIo opposed pro-
ilbltory legislation , mid urged that
ho reform must Do brought about
) y the power of love and persuasion.
Vmong ether things hu bellovod that the
low-decomposition of human beings after
loath was au Injury to the living and was n
trong advocate of cremation. Uy his diroc-
ions tills theory was carried out In the dis-
msltion of his own remains. Published by
Bowler iVi Wells company , 775 liro.itway ! ,
s'ow Yorlt
Clmrlos McCormh'k Hoovo has contiibnted
n delightful addition tovorus of travel by
\niTiean writers under tbo tltlo of "How
Wo Wont and What We Saw. " While , por-
mpa , the author ot this book has added vorv
tttlo to our stock of knowlfdgo rogani-
iig the countries ho visited , never-
heloss ho ielates what ho saw In
itch n pleasant mid at the same
line graphic manner that the reader Is , as It
voro , carried away in Imagination , with the
ravelorson their journey. Mr. McCormickls
vldontly a keen observer of men and things ,
mil lie has given IiLthu pages of his book the
mpressious that were made upon his mind as
10 traveled from Minneapolis to Uriiullsi ,
hence to Alexandria and Cairo , uu the Xllo ,
) ivlug a flying visit to Thebes and Karnak ,
Mfoo , Phflm and then back again to Cairo.
Us description * of Iloyrout , Ilaalliec , Damas-
us , Cyprus , Uhodos , tlio vKxoun Is-
amis. Smyrna , the Uoiphorus , Con-
tantinoplu mid Athens are couched
n simpleyot attractive mid forci
ble language. As every now traveler
ees tilings from his Individual standpoint
nnd describes what mou impressed him It
often happens that well known sights nnd
cones will put on n fresh face , so to speak ,
ram the pen of n now writer. This is thu
aso with the book under review. 1'ub-
Ished by C ) . 1' . Ptittnan's Sous , 27 West
Twenty-third street , Now Yor * .
"Tho Relation of Labor to the Law of
'odav , " by Lujo liroiitauo , translated by
'ortor Sherman , A. M. , is an exhaustive
vorkona stupendous subject Dr. Dron-
ano is evidently n deep thinker nnd u roan of
considerable erudition. Thu author treats of
ho labor question fiom every con
ceivable standpoint uud the aim
> f the work may bo gathered
rom the following extract from the claslng
remarks : "For , as wo have seen , It uonds
or the realization of this regulation of the
ubor rotation not the establishment of new
principled ot legal nnd social ordor. It tioods
inly the honest and logical carrying out of
hose maxims , which are not only tbo foun-
latlons of society today , out also the most
deal basts of the social condition of nit ages :
ho personal freedom and equality at all bo-
ore the law. With thu realization of these
'undainoutal ' principles of the social order of
today Is givea the solution of the labor quo , ,
tlon. " Published by I ) . P. Putnam's boat ,
87 West Twenty-third street , New York.
"Who Wrote tbo Blblol" by
Gladden is a somowhnt remarkable work ,
the aim of which 113 Is sot forth In the open
ing chapter "is to put into compact nnd popu
lar form , for the benefit of Intelligent readers
the principal foots upon which schotari are
now generally agreed concerning the literary
history of the blbio. " The writer does not
claim for this book any particular litornry
oxccllonco , but u careful perusal of Its pages
demonstrates that Mr. Olnddoti has boon a
thorough student of the scriptures nnd his
skillful handling of this subject has resulted
In n production that will tend very much in
the direction of popularizing the history of
the blblo. Published by Iloughton , Mllllin
& Co. , Ilojton mid Now" York.
A very useful nnd Instructive work has
Just been written mid compiled by John J.
Fllnn under the tltlo of "Tho Standard Guido
to Chicago for tb Year IbOI. " As the
writer says In his preface "Not In the Ara
bian Nights' ontcrtolnmonts , though bathed
in nil the glorious colorings of Oriontul fancy ,
is there n tale which surpasses in wonder
the plain , unvarnished history of Chicago. "
This little work Kikatlncil to do miu'h to
ward enlightening , ) .Uio civlllod world with
regard to what sort of a place Chicago Is. If
It does this it will fulfill a very im
portant mission foi ! the good of this coun
try , especially in view of the forthcoming
world's fair It is full of Illustrations , show
ing the magnificent building ] , boulovnrd.s ,
parks mid other attractions to bo found in
Chicago. Published' by Fllnn At Sheppard ,
1)5 ) Dearborn street , Chicago.
George Haven Putnam has contributed a
woik which will doubtless prove of great
value to authors and literary people under
the name of "Tho Question of Copyright "
Tills compilation contains a summary of the
copyright laws at. present Ii. force in the
chief countries of the world , together with a
report of the loL'islntlnn now Dnndlnt ? In
( jre.it Britain , n sketch of the contest in the
United States from IS'I7 to the present year
In behalf of tnteinational copyright and cer
tain papeis on thu development of the con
ception of literary property and on the prob
able effects of the now American law. Pub
lished by Cr. P. Putnam's Sons , Now York.
The. Forum for.luno contains an excellent
budget of intorcstliiir pap.irs. Colonel Theo
dore A. Dodpo writes on "Von Moltko nnd
Future Wurfaio , " Uov. Dr. Charloi A.
ilrlpirs discourses on ' Church nnd Creed , "
Sir Charles W. Diiko treats en "Tho Com
monwealth of Australia , " Hon. IVIlllnm Mc-
Adoo expresses his views on "Immigration
and thoTarifr , " President Francis A. Walker
tolls about "Tho Great Count of 180J , "
Ul > ssos D. Kddy points out "Our Clmuco for
Commercial Supremacy , " Senator W. M.
Stewart has something to say on "Silver and
tlio Need of Moro Money , " Henry Holt con
tributes a paper on "Our International Copy
right Law , " President W. Dow Hvdo ex
pounds "A Rational Svstcm of Physical
Training , " Senator Joseph N. Dolph glvos
valuable information regarding 'This Now
Northwest , " .tool Cook affords us "A Glance
nt Our Finances , " Prof. J. W. Olotsd ills-
cusses "Western Lands and Mortgages , " and
J. L. Williams enlightens us on "Southoin
Financial Interests , "
Wo have Just received a copy of "The Mer
cantile Kegister" for 1S91. This stupendous
work contains carefully complied classified
lists of the merchants , manufacturers ,
agents , brokers , exporters , importers , jobbers ,
wholesalers , commercial lawyers und load
ing real estate firms , with special depart
ments devoted respectively to the banking ,
insurance , newspaper and hotels In streetof ,
the United States of America. There is ono
good feature in this work , and that is the
total absence of any corner , side or foot line
advertisements , inserted leaves or displayed
caids , that are so frequently found scattered
throughout the pages of a book of this kind ,
and which tend totnterrupt thoiists of names
and mar the typographical beauty of n work.
It would bo very ditllcult , Indeed , to discover
whom this book would not bo use
ful to at some time or other. After
a necessarily somewhat hasty and
therefore imperfect examination of
the Hogistor It appears to us that the
claim made by the publishers that the information
mation given Is reliable and select and that
especial elTort has boon exerted to n/oid inserting -
sorting any but desirable firms Iras been
fully substantiated , The classification , ar
rangement and typography aru everything
that could ba expected or desired In n com
pilation of this nature. Published by the
Uogistor publishing company , 7(5 ( Dearborn
street , Chicago , 111.
"My Official Wife , " by Colonel Richard
Henry Savage , is a novel of modern lifo told
In a vigorous style and caltiulntod to work up
the reader's feelings to n high pitch of o.xcilo-
tnont. These who like to road something
thoroughly stirring with a mixtureof the
horrible wifl find this book lo their tasto.
Published bv tbo Hdmo publishing company ,
Now York.
Among the mrtnV attractive features of
this month's Overland Monthly Is a beauti
fully illustrated artliilo on "Yachting in Cali
fornia. " by Olmrlos'O. Ynlo. William Dai-
lam Armes contributes a very readable essay. '
which ho calls "The-Man with a Hoe ; " Eliz
abeth S. Hates 1ms h good paper under the
bead of "Curso or Blessing , " ana Senator
G win's secondfpap'or on a plan for the colonl-
/ation of Sonor.i appears in this number.
"Down the Yukon , " bv William A. Redmond ;
"La Pension MauquOr , " oy M. B. W. ; "Cap
turing Hockv Mountain Sheen , " by Oliver
Howard , and "A Hoviviil of Art Interest in
California , " by C. D. Hobinson are some of
the other e.xcollont articles this month. The
Overland Monthly company , WO Montgomery
street , San Francisco. ,
The IIomo-Maker for the current month
has its customary complement of readable
HtJraturo "Indian Girls in Indian Schools , "
by Elaine Goodalo , should bo read by all
who desire to know what is being flono for
thu education of the young Indians. As a
matter of fact very few people have much
accurate Information with regard to tills sub
ject and a careful perusal of this article will
do much to dispel many erroneous opinions.
Another interesting paper Is that by Dr.
Only Exclusive
Special Newspaper Train West of
the Lakes.
Flyer.
.
= r = rf * = Zr3w
? ! ; Vj S&Vir
SIXTY MILES AN HOUR. I
Making all Union Pacific and Connecting Points Eight
to Twenty-four Hours Ahead of all Competitors.
Residents of Interior Points Want to Read a Sunday
Daily on Sunday.
They Must Have The Bee. All Newsdealers Sell It.
THE EJbim FLxYITwR TIM 13 CAliD :
QILMOBB 3:20 : rv.m BENTON
5 ; 17 a.m
PAt 1LLION 3:27 .
: a.m WARRAOK
-
5-23 n.m
MIlitjABD .
3:37
: a.m COLUMBUS
5:30 : n.m
1HURSTON 3:42 .
: a.m CAYUGA
5:38 : n. in
ELKHOBN 3:48 : a.m PUNO AN
5:45 : a.m
WATERLOO 3:52 .
: a.m GARDNER
5'5O a.m
VALLEY 4OO : a.m SILVER CREEK
5b7 : a.m
MERCER 4:10 .
: u.m HAVENS
0:05 : a.m
FRE MONT 4:18 .
: n.m CLAKKS
Q-13 a.m
SANDBERQ 4:23 .
: n.m THUMMBL
6:23 : n.m
.
AME3 4:30 : n.m CENTRAL CITY
6:35 : a.m
NORTH BEND 4:4O .
: a.m PADDOCK
Q-4O .
BAY STATE 4:45 . a.m
: n.m CHAPMANS
6-5O .
ROGERS 4:55 . ' a.m
: a.m DOOKWOOD s':5Q
: u.m
SOHUYLER 5O5 : n.m GRAND ISLAND
7-10 am
LAMBERT 5:11 : n.m
At Qrand Is'und THE BEE'S ' Flyer connects with the early train on the St- Joseph and Grand Isl
and roidand Bees nro sent fly.ngin sacks to Belvidero , Davenport , Doniplian , Edgar , Fairbury , Fairfield ,
and St-.o'o Oity , Tobias , MoCcol Junction and Milligauare reached by horsa route from Fairburyj Heb
ron is supplied from Belvidero ,
At Oolumbns connection is also made with a train from Platte Center , Humphrey , Madison and
Norfolk , and a horsa rnu is made to Wagner.
At Grand Island also a fast freight is caught which supplies Elm Orcok , Gibbon , Gothenberg ,
Kearney , Lexincton , Sheltan , Wood River , and North Platto. THE BEE reaches the last mentioned place
at 2:20 : p. m , Its wou'd-bo rivals tumble in there at 0:25 : at night , seven hours later. It is too Iat3 to
read them then , and they are accordingly delivered next .morning , when they are about twenty-eight
hours old.
Emma Brainord Ryder , entitled "Tho Little
Wives of India. " Ellen Lo Garde's contribu
tion "Boatlnc for Women , " contains some
excellent advice for girls. Published by tlio
Homo-Maker company , 4i East 1-ourtoontli
street , Now York.
The flr.st number of volume II of the
Outing Weekly Tennis Kocord for the season
of 1801 was published on Juno 111 , and It
should bo road by every devotee of the de
lightful ( fame. It is the ofllcial organ nnd
bulletin of the United States National Lawn
Tennis association and boars the endorse
ment of Charles E. Sticknoy , secretary of
that organization. Published by the Outing
company , limited , 239 Fifth ovonuo. Now
Table Talk for the current month has sojno
very interesting and instructive articles on
timely topics , Table Talk publishing com-
oany , 1017 Chestnut street , Philadelphia.
A llrnvo AVoinan.
An Ohio woman picked up nn nrmful
of sticlcs and carried tliom in to throw
on the firo. One of the sticlcs twined
itself nround her waist. Did who shriek :
und nlnrm tlio neighbors ? Not n bit of
it. She put tlio snake in a bottle , corked
it up , and when she went to town sold it
to tlio local druggist for $ U ns n curios
ity. A wuinun us enterprising as that
doesn't got soured easily.
True Ijovo.
VUivtie Carcn.
No soul can over truly see
Another's highest , noblest part
Save through the sweet philosophy
And loving wisdom of the hoirt.
Liebig Company's '
VOR IMl'RO VRD AND HCONOM COOKERY
Got cenuluo only
with this
of Justus von LIcbl In blue.
Keeps for uuy length of time anywhero.
MAKES TUB UEST UEK ] ? THA.
= hmof \ \
From the "Pacific Journal. "
"A prrat Invontlon 1ms been innilu l > y Dr.
Tutt ofXow Vurk. IIu liis i > tc > < liice < l
'c ' < TTa iV T ) w
Q i&sbbUiL is ? V w
wlilrli linlnt ( < iinturotopprrrc'tloiijitnrti
I'rlco , SI. ' Ulllco , ai ) & ! 11'urk J'lwce , J < " . i'
Don't 1)0 Hn
by tlio llctttlous cluliiis
mmlo for Porous 1'lostuni
that cure bcforo they nro
applied Use llrnson's , a
Bclontlfio preparation that
( Iv'tn pionipt relief and Is
Indorse * ! by over 6,000
repiitnblo I'lirstolans and
1) r u p K 1 s t B . Got tbu
Genuine.
BoWs Nerve Tonic Pillg
EoWe Nerve Tonio Pills
MAKES NEW HEALTHV BLOOD
AHD RESTORES THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
They briD lho rosy lint oflloaltli to ( ha
Hallow check , ir younroHUdoriim from Do.
rnnRomontof the Ncrvrn , Impure Illood or
. . you ehould nt
- - - - - onoo tnko Dr ,
- - - " " Nurvo Tonic Pllln , the Oroul
Life nomm'orna they will enrich yonr lllooj
nu BtronnthoHyonr Norveo , l > rlco. 00 coiita a vlaJ
ForealoljyilruKBl6t8orBeDtljyBiaiL
HOBBaS MEDICINE CO.
BAN PflANCIOCO , . '
OAL. _ CHICAGO. I
Knallah IMamijtid Hi und.
HENRY UIHLEIN , President. AUGUST , Secretary. ALFRED UIHLEIW , Superintendent.
*
* i" * : i" "
" = r"r'i' "
t
. .
Ill i. = - = Sv. - > - /
JfT
! ; M M-m
i
Si ' ' . \-vtf2 :
7 * \ ii J * i : l-rrr * 7Ti * fiW/ii-VHr'i.1V jl- iw * _ „ ,
r '
ESfl-BEEB BRAKES ! BOTOLBD-BBER BHATOi
BUDWEISER ,
FILSENER , PILSENER ,
WIENER , EXTRA-PALE ,
ERLANGER ,
CULMBACIIER. EXTRA-STOUT ,
"SCHLITZ-PORTER. ' * ,
ANNUAL CAPACITY : ONE MILLION BARRELS OF BEER.
SchliteBeor is sold the World over and lias a wortd-wido reputation for being the best ; it is warrantee/ bo pure , whofesomo
and palatable , and brewed from the choicest Hops and Barley-Malt ,
APPLY TO R. . QR.OTTEI , lOaO Farnnm. St. , Oma.Iia. .