THE OMAHA' : DAILY BEE : 8UJ2JXAX MARCH 3. 180.-SIXTEEN PAGES.
CElESriALHOiNEYCliAHCERS ,
Banka and Bankers In the Empire
of the Sun.
OLDEST SYSTEM IN THE WORLD.
A Country of Universal Credit ,
AVIicrc DcliL ID u DlHRrnua niul tlio
Hun In Unknown A Vcnrly
Settling Dny.
. Clilneno Dunking.
SiiAxnitAi , Fob. 0. [ Special Corrcspon-
doneootTiiB Ur.n. ] On ono of the leading
business houses of Shanghai I find a rctni-
n is ceti co of the Mltklowlcz syndicate. His a
brass sign nnd bears tlio nnmo of Wharton
Halter upon It. Mr. Hakcr Is supposed hereto
to bo still working for the concessions , and
during my Interview with Li Hung Chung , I
noted thai he naked very particularly as to
Mr. linker's character and as to his standing
among our bankers. I am told that Wharton
Halter Intends to visit Kussla soon , and to
look into the railroad projects which pro
pose nlino from Siberia nbovo Peking , west
ward through Europe , and that the status of
this road will materially afTect his plans. Li
Hung Chang feels much ashamed of Doing
taken In by Mltklowlcz , and ho thinks that If
the American banking B.viullcato could bo
made n fixed fact ho would retrieve his rep
utation. The concessions ho gave Mltkio-
wlcz wcro genuine , and ho signed them as
the sect ctar.v of state of China. When the
government , however , found that Mlthie-
wlcz was nn adventurer-they refused to sign
them and loft the honorable LI In the lurch.
"Li Hung Chang is now In correspondence
with Mr. linker , and the next agent that
Baiter sends to China will probably have
enough sense to keep his mouth shut until
the articles of agreement hnvo bccu signed
by both parties.
cnixrar. nxxcir.iH. .
There Is nt present no national bank In
Ciilnit , nnd this American bank with its fifty
millions of capital would , in u measure , talco
the place of a national bank. The Chinese ,
however , have thousands of private banks.
There are four hundred banks in Pckin ,
throe hundred native banks in Tientsin , and
Canton has banks und pawn shops by the
hundreds. The rates of interest are high ,
and short loans In tight times reach I per
cent. .The pawn-brokers charge 30 per cent
n year , or 3 per cent n month , and the rates
of exchange from ono province- another
are very heavy. China hns no national cur
rency , und each bank issues its own notes.
These arc much like our notes , save they
nro in Chinese characters und on cheap
White paper. The only coin of the coun
try is the cash , of which it takes from a
thousand to llftecn hundred to make a dollar
lar , and which , small as It is , Is counter
feited. The cash Is a thin , round coin a little
larger han ono of the big American cents
of a century ngo , nnd sometimes no bigger
than n nicklo. It has a square hole In the
center and Is usually carried in strings of
ono hundred or ono thousand each. God
bricks nnd silver micgots nro used in making
largo purchases , und the unit of weight is
the teal or ounce. One ounce of sliver or
n teal Is worth about a dollar and forty cents
Mexican nnd a common denomination is a
ten teal piece , which is a chunk of silver cast
lu the form of a Chinese shoo. I saw some
of those Hllvor shoes nt the Hong Kong and
Shanghai bank In Peking. They are stamped
with marks denoting the fineness of tlio
metal within them , and they contain from
ninety-seven to. nlnoty-nino per cent of. pure
silver. Cold bricks uro of the si/o of little
cakes of India Ink , and those , like the silver ,
nro subject to counterfeit. The business of
the treaty ports , which includes that o !
nil foreigners with the Chinese , Is done
in Mexican dollars , and each busi
ness house has a man called a
8hrolT , who does nothing clso but count
money and pass upon its genuineness. The
Chinese nro the greatest swindlers , in u
BUiall way , in the world. JThoy appreciate
the accumulating properties of little drops of
water and little grains of sand better than
any other people , and they will shave n bit
of"sllvor dust oft of dollar after dollar to
small that you cannot pcrceivo tlio loss until
they have saved enough to have made quite
a profit. They bore holes In the coin , fill
thorn with lead und cover them with silver ,
und in taking money from the banks hero it
is necessary to ring every coin.
1IOXKHTV A VlllTUi : .
The Chinese do all their business with for
eigners on a cash basis , though tlio credit
system prevails largely among themselves.
They are honest in tlioir dealings and merchants -
. chants tell mo that they stick to their bar-
Bains even if they lese by them. China has
, no'bankrupt.InwB.nnd debtors are liable to
corporal punishment from their creditors.
By not paying their debts they lese caste
nnd nro practically drummed out of busi
ness. It Is adisgraco in China not to pay
I your debts , and , ns n rule , the whole
nation settles up at Now Year's day , which
comes In February. The result is that
China liovcr hns a panic , and in the enso of
fnmlno or failure ot crops the government
sometimes loans uionoy to the people. Mho
silver dollar varies in value , and the Cuinuso
now regulate the value of a dollar by the
rise and fall of silver in the markets of the
world. The biggest of the Chinese cities
have their stock exchanges , and the queerest
sight 1 have scon wan the silver oxcnango in
Peking. In company with Mr. Charles
JJenuv. the son of our minister , I > vcit at 7
O'clock ono morning into the crowded Ctu-
ncso city. Wo wound our way through
streets so narrow that only donkeys nnd
men could puss through them , through pas *
sages whcro men had to walk sidowlso in
order to got by each other , and finally found
oursolvrs In n long , low building which
looked moro Ilko n c.ittlo uhou than n busi
ness room. It wus lighted from the roof ana
was filled with from IIvo hundred to n thous
and round headed , pig tailed , yellow faced
moil , each of whom seemed to bo yelling at
the top of his- voice ami each push
ing his lingers into tha fuco of his
neighbor. Thcso men wcro buying
ami soiling silver dollars , just as oui- brokers
do In Wall street , nnd they maJu more uiss
than all the bulls und bears of Nqw York.
At eight o'clock the ruto was fixed for the
dny and the nuws was "telegraphed' ' ' by
means of carrier pigeons to the various
bunkh of the city. The pigeons of Peking
are largely used for messengers , and thov
arc , perhaps , the only pigeons in the world
that whistle , AH they Jly through the ulr
they make u whistling sound which , In the
case of n llock.sounds like n whole school of
boys operating tin whistles nt the s.inio
time. This nolso comes from actual whistles
which nro tied to their tail-fcathora by their
owners , nud the nolso of which scares aivu.v
the hawks from thorn. It Is n curious sound
and I heard It many times licforo I could find
out from whence it camo. They uro the
tickers of the Chinese bunker , and they give
bun all the quotations.
ma imiiiKN'ns.
The foreign banks which do business
in China , have large capital Mocks , uud
they pay bhr dividends. The Hong Kong &
Shanghai ItankhiK company , for instance ,
lias u paid up capital of fT.WO.O'JO. It has a
surplus of ? I.COO.UOO. and its proprietors are
liable for tTr > 00ooo In mUUtlon to the capital.
It pay * lutercst on dciKisti * of six months at
the rate of 4 per cunt , und : i par cent per
annum on dally balances. It has linmcn&a
establishments throughout thu cast , and its
banking ofilco here nt Shanghai will compare
in slzo und appointments with the best banlts
of Wullsticctor London , it IH the sumo
with u number of other great ban Us heroin
China , English ulid French capital manages
tboui , but a Chlmunun always counts tlio
uionoy and .figures up tha profits und lossej
on ono of those Httlo l > oxi' ot buttons strung
Da wires , which mukcs up'tlio Uhjneso cacu ! >
ULIng machine , nnd upon which nil China
docs Its arithmetical problems. These bunks
will felvo you draft * on any part of the world ,
or letters of exchange nnd credit , which will
bo good anywhere. Their chief ofllceMnro
among the loading businessmen ot the ct (
and they nil seem to be making inon'cy.
TUB tlinlllT 81 STUM.
Speaking of the credit system , there arc
largo stores run by foreign merchants nt
Shanghai , Hong Kong , Tientsin and nt all
of the ports or Japan. These have stocks
of goods which would sclljin nny American
city , und the most of their business Is with
the foreigners. It is nearly nil done on
credit. The silver dollar is so heavy that
It takes moro than n pound of silver to pay
n J1U gold purchase , and the result is , every
thing is charged nnd settled nt the end of the
month. The purchaser signs what Is called
n "chit , " n little slip of paper stating that
he 1ms made the purchase , nnd these nro
kept until the accounts uro rendered by the
proprietor. If the foreigner tnkcs u drink nt
a bar or treats his friends ho writes out n
"chit. " If ho plays n game of billiards
another "chit" nnd If ho buys shoes or stienr
ho renders the account In "chits. " That
you nro unknown to the storekeeper makes
no difference. Any man looking half decent
can got credit In China , nnd I nui surprised
at tlio carelessness manifested in such mat
ters , u carelessness which , however , docs
not extend to Chinamen , The Chinese
themselves do business largely on credit ,
und every Chinaman of note has his bank
account.
run cuMiitN'o nousn.
The Chinese merchants keep as full n set
of books as our merchants do , nnd they do
business on n smaller margin. They keep
account of stock und daily sales , nnd I hnvo
scon some of their ledgers. The Peking
banlts.liave the clenring-hoiisc .system. Each
di'iwsitor has from his depositor a book with
two columns , in one of whlcn nro entered
his deposits nnd the other his drafts. He
pajshia creditors by chocks on tlio bank ,
nnd In'the evening sends his book to bo
balanced. Tne next morning the clerks of
the various banks get together , chocks are
Interchanged , und the accounts of the vari
ous depositors uro squared. These banks
nro nlso expected to loan money to their
depositors , and u man is supposed to have
the right to draw on bin bank for loans equal
to double the amount of his average deposit ,
The disgrace of dishonored debt is such
that n business man falling will hardly
attempt to regain his standing in his own
province , nnd dutiful sons often pay
their fathers' debts. This is not so in
Korea , and while t was visiting Chemulpo ,
Mr. Townseml , the American merchant
there , was approached by the prolllgute son
uf n Korean nobleman. The son wanted
Mr. Townsend to accept papers from him
stating that Mr. Townsend had sold him
goods to the amount of $ y,0i)0. ) ' 'Then , " siiul
he , "You can Uiko these papers to the old
man and tell him yon cannot collect the
money and tire going to have me whipped.
He is fond of me und will pay rather than
stand the disgrace and wo will divide the
proceeds. " Mr. Townsend , of course , re
fused and sent the Doting man about his
business.
TIII : Nom.n notQUA. .
The honesty of the Chinese in their busi
ness dealings is shown in the actions of Hou
Qua , the Canton millionaire who died a few
years ngo , leaving at least Ul)00,000. ) . One
of tlio Chinese linns of Canton bad failed ,
owing a great sum to foreigners. Hou Qua
got up a subscription and paid the whole in
debtedness. He headed the llstof subscribers
\vith $1,000,000 out of his own pocket , say
ing that "Chinese credit must remain un
tarnished. " This is the same man who ,
when the English were nbout to bombard
Canton unless their demand of fO.OOO OOJ
wus paid within forty-eight hours , headed tin *
subscription list with the sum of $ ll,10000. ( '
" 1 give , " said he , " 5300.00J ns u tlmnk-olTer-
ing for the business prosperity I have had.
1 give $100,000 as u testlmoiii of the fidelity
of my MHI. And ? . ! ( K > , UOJ as a mark of the
alToction which I bear my wife. " This man
Ilou Qua , though dead , is still greatly hon
ored in Ciiuton. His gardens there are
among the sights of the city , and his name is
synonomous with business honoi\
Tne average wealth in China , however , is
not high , and the rich men of the country uro
interested in Keening tlio amounts of their
property a'secret. The oflicinls are so cor
rupt , mid they can so easily squeeze money
out'of thqfr'rlch subjects , thjit the wealthy
man is su'ro'to be preyed upon by them , und
if China had u Jay Uould the oClciuls from
the emperor to the mandarins would be
continually poking their lingers into
his money chests. Much of Li Hunp
Chung's ' fortune of twelve million
dollars is said to have been acquired by
bribes nnd squeezes , ana the story is told at
Shanghai of how ono of his underlings at
tempted to send him f 100,000 not long ago in
wine bottles , or rather wino banhow , for
much of thu wino of China is curried in
water-tiffht baskets. The supposed wine
hud to go through the bands nf ij very rigid
native customs otllc r who , suspecting some-
tiling , opened the basnets and discovered the
gold in them.
"Ah , " said he , "that wino is too fine for
the viceroy. It is only lit for tlio emperor. "
Ho thereupon conlKcatcd it and made a
present/of thu amount , to thu government nt
Poking. I don't think lip mentioned Li
Hung Chang's name , anil inasmuch us tlio
matter was u bribe Li Hung Chang dared
not object.
A UlIIIbTIAN fU'ITU.IST.
A few of the rich men among the Chinese
ara Christians , und I visited one of the most
noted of such at Fee Chow the other day.
Have you over heard of L'oo Chowl
No.
No.Well
Well It is a city bigger than Chicago , and
it i * ono of the chief te.i centers of Chinu. It
lies in the mountains about four hundred
miles south of here , und it is in what is
called the Switzerland of China. It bus a
bridge of solid grunite running across tlio
river , which flows by the city , 1'JOO feet
lonir and containing fifty urches. It is called
the bridge of. ten thousand Hires. Its path
way is twelve feet wide. It is more than
one thousand years old and it is us solid to
day us the granlto of which it is built. The
city bus u wall six miles in circumference ,
und its wholesale fish market is equalled by
no place , not even HllliiiRSgatc in London.
This rich man of Fan Ctiow is known us All
Hok , mid ho guvo $10,000 not long ngo to
found u school or college to teach Chinese
boys the science nnd culture of Christendom.
Jl-j is u Christian himself , nnd jiit > t buloro I
arrived in Fee Chow our Bishop Fowler ,
of the Methodist church per
formed the marriage ceremony
which united his son with u Chinese maiden.
The ceremony wus the chrl tian ceremony
adapted to thu Chinese nnd the bishop tells
mo ho had great trouble in getting tlio
young ludy to say that she would tuko this
young mun to be her wedded husband. It is
Chinese etiquette that tlio bride keep per
fectly silent on such nn occasion and thu coy
damsel would not open her lips. The bishop
refused to go on with the ceremony and the
young ludy finally compromised the matter
by nodding her head. "It was not embarr
assment , " saiu the bishop to mo , "that made
the girl touguo-tled , for I felt of her hand
and it wus warm and moist us yours ermine
mine , Hud she been troubled it would have
been cold nnd clammy. She thought it
would bo improper to answer nnd oho
refused to do HO. " AH evidence of the gen
uineness Jof Ah IIolc'w conversion lie had
long since destroyed his idols , und he gave
the gold crown which 'covered ' the head
of ono of them us u present to Mrs. Fowler.
Ho Is u bright merchant nnd a good business
man , uud his homo is ono of the most com
fortable in China.
Hcturning \ banks , China is ono of tlio
oldest bunking nations In the world. The
people hud bunks of deposit and discount ns
fur back us ' 'ODD B. C. , und thu interest laws
of China ditto back two hundred years bo-
fern the discovery of America , In 500 B. C.
the government Issued paper money , and
there Is now in 1'elunir paper money in cir
culation issued by private banks of us low a
denomination us ten cents. The Chlnoso
money changer may bo found on every street
corner and his shops nro In nearly every
block. Ho charges good rntcs and
UAKK9 A OOOII I'ltOflT ,
A great deal of tbo money lending in China
is done on Homowhat the same plan at our
building associations. It is moro often In
companies of ten who club toircthcr and
agree to put so much into a common fund
which shall bo loaned hi the llrht Instance to
the man getting up the company. At the
oiul of the second year or six months or
month , us. il may bo , another contribution is
levied and tills goes to thosccondman and so
on until each has had the use of an equal
amount of money , and the whole matter is
so graduated that each member of the club
is fairly treated ti.i to lute rest and
capital , China is full of thu small associa
tions and there Is no country iu the world
where the art of organization Inu been car
ried to such an extent by the different
branches of capital and labor us hero. Kveu
the bcggurs have their Qri.MnUattiiim nnd the
banket * have their' trades unions , which ro1 ?
ulaio how all the bnbKs connected With them
shall do business. The Shailghal bankers'
guild fixes the charges of fifty-five of the
banks of Shanghai. Its rules He before mo
and I sec that the minutest particulars of
business are given. The various kinds of
silver dollars to bo taken nro mentioned and
checks for less than flU nro not receivable ,
Each banker hns to send his book to thu
clearing house twice n dny nnd the manager
for the month has the supervision of them.
Other rules moro or less strict prevail nmonc ;
the banking associations of Poking nnd Can
ton , and most of the difficulties of lender nnd
borrower arc settled hero rather than in the
courts. rniNK O. CAiirnSTr.ii.
A STRANGE NURSERY.
The Unique Arrangement Provided
Tor Indianapolis Theater Goers.
The other evening I mot that unique
raconteur , John It. Holers , theatrical
maiiiiffor , and ha told mo n tutu which
ranks ahead of many of Ills celebrated
imiTatlvos , savs John S. Gray in the
Now York world. Mind you , I won't
vouch for a single word the man says ,
as I know hcslins an ambition to cut mo
out in my profession as a patient , plod
ding and , so far , successful liar. IJnt
ho will get left.
Ho says , and ho talks with such an
air 'of candor that you tire almost
temnlcd to believe him , that at the
Park theatre in Indianapolis there Is ti
largo room lilled with toys of every con
ceivable variety and sl/.c. It is in
charge of several nur&cs , who are
supponed-to be adopts in the art of keep
ing children quiet , and their mission
is to receive and entertain for the after
noon the infants of persona attending
the matinees. A baby cheek is given
in every instance to the mother or
guardian , numbered so as to fauiliate
idcntitication after the performance.
During the play the babies amuse them
selves with rattles , dolls , balls , Noah's
arks and the thousand and ono things
that are dour to the Infant mind , until
the curtain drops and the respeeUvo
owners come and present their checks
and receive back their property , just as
they would a hat. cloak or umbrella.
It is a grand idea , but John II. Hog-
era says it lias its drawbacks. He suys
it not infrequently happens that a nurse
will walk hurriedly down the aisle ,
calling out in a btago whisper. "Fifty-
eight ! Fifty-eight ! Your baby has
Myallowcd a doll's log ! " or , "One
ninety-live , that infant of yotuv. is yell
ing for Us pa pi ! " Or perhaps the anx-
ous whisper will be hcaru across three
rows of seats , "Say , are you quite sure
that your child hasn'tgot the measlesV"
Sometimes ono of the nurses lias to go
to the mother and betray the 'sad news
that her darling has just destroyed 75
cents worth of toys , n piece of intelli
gence which usually dampens the par
ent's , enjoyment of the play.
Manager Uogerb thus describes a brief
and pithy dialogue between a nurse and
a fond mother , who finds herself touched
on the elbow by one of the attendants
in the middle of the performance :
"Beg pardon , is your baby's check
No. 4ay"
"Yes. What's the matter ? "
"A girl , ain't it , about ton months
old ? "
"Yes , oh , yes. Pray tell "
"Blonde hair and blue eyes' : " '
"Yes , yes. Tell me , for Heaven's
sake "
"Dressed in blue and white ? "
"The same. Uut don't keep me in
suspense ! She is not dead ; oh , say she
is not dead ! ' '
"No , madam , " replies the nurse
coldly , "she is not dead nor likely to
die , but I think you might have told us
she took castor-oil this morning ! "
Hero is a possibly frequent scone after
the show is over and the various human
items of property are being claimed :
Indignant mother to nurse :
"Say , yountr woman , this ain't my
child P'
"Ilow'a that ; your check's No. 19V"
"Yes , the number's all right , but the
bauv ain't. "
" \Vhy not ? "
"This ia a girl. "
"Well. "
"Well ! my Tommy was a boy when I
left him ! "
"Can't understand it. then , " says the
nurse , scratching her Head. "The du-
Dlicato 1 ! ) was pinned to the child's
dress , but I'll"
"Here , young woman ! " cries another
female , hastening to the front , "you've
given me the wrung kid ! This follow
is a boy and my Jennie is a girl ! 'Sides ,
my cheek number's 01 and this baby had
1 ! ) on him , but I thought it was upside
down. Where's my child ? "
Then the two women swap infanlsand
are satisfied.
It's a novel institution , tnis theatrical
nursery ; but "it has its drawbacks. "
CHIKKUPS.
New Yoili It'mM.
Did the book-keeper ?
What did the oar-lock ?
Printers like pie and hate pi.
We are no doubt witty , but John G. is
Whittier.
Is a hall crowded with colored people
a blackberry jam , or a berry-black jam.
Shakespeare said , "There is a tide in
the affairs of manbut , wo think it ap
pears to bo pretty iriuch all tide back in
the affairs of women.
A love letter may bo said to be a writ
of attachment.
The stamp act Applause in a theater.
"Comparisons are odorous. " as ho
tested the quality of several bottles of
cologne.
A child with thrco eyes hns been
born in Detroit , it will bo able to cast
an extra eye to windward for an olllce ,
but the greatest advantage of having
three eyes will become apparent when
the child gets old enough to attend a
throe-ringed circus.
A lecturer says : "Fulness under the
eye denotes lunguairo. " Ho has prob
ably been knocked down for something
ho has bald.
"Gently the duos are o'er morsteal
ing , " the Detroit man said , wfien ho
had thirteen bills presented to him in
one day.
A temptation for milkmen toomigrato
to Kansas is the fact that extensive
chalk beds exist there.
You can't loll us that ' 'Itovongo don't
pay. " Tennyson got $1,000 for his "Uo-
. ' '
vongo.1' <
The cheerful alacrity with which a
young man will guide his-best girl to
wards a milliner's show-window before
they arc married is equalled only Dy the
'
murvollous skill with which ho' will
steer her away from it after she is his
wife" .
Cremations.
Chicago Herald : At the breakfast
table "I see there are two accounts of
cremations in the papers this morn
ing. "
"Yes , they are becoming very com
mon. "
"I suppose before long they will hayo
to change 'sec that my grave is kept
green1 to ' > oo that my ashes ain't '
spilt , " '
An AtiHolmo Cure *
Tlio OUiaiNAIj AH1KTINUOINTMHNT
IH only put up In largo two ounce tin boxes ,
and is an absolute cure for old sores , burns ,
wounds , chapped hands , und all sklu erup
tions. Will positively euro all kinds of pllus.
Ask for the OHIOINAL , AUIBTINB OWT-
MKNT. Sold by Goodman IJrug Co. , at , J5 !
cnts per box by mail ao cents.
It Is the milkman who ought to' be
cremated. ' . '
IAHSA9WDSTT SEAT WARS.
How Tftic $ ) rlBlrmto and What They
cdat the Pooplo.
ELEVEN rAOLlVES SACRIFICED.
Tlio TcrVlulp I > oath Holt Already
ClinrKc/ibVo / to Tlioso Contests
TOWMSUB Speculators to lllntno
DlTf Poft lie
s Still ntord .
Toi'KKA , Kan. , Fob. S28. [ Special
Correspondence of THU HIK : , ] Kansas
has been allllctoil with droughts , pi-ass-
hoppers , chinch bucrs and cyclones , but
the greatest curse which has over nf-
tllctcd the state has been the numerous
county scat ivura of the past four years
They have not only retard oil the devel
opment of the state and Injured its rep
utation abroad , but they have resulted
in the destruction of hundreds of thou
sands of dollars worth of valuable nrop-
orty , cost the state larpo sums of money
to restore peace and quiet , put the va
rious r-otmtic's inVoled to great expense
for the endless litigation which always
follows these contests , and , worst of all.
they have caused the death of a largo
number of honorable and peaceful citi
zens.
The county seat wars in Kansas are
confined principally to the newly or
ganized counties , all located in the
western part of the slate. Only a few-
years ajro that section of the state was
populated almost entirely by ranchmen
and cowboys , and the country was
thought to be worthless for agricultural
purposes.
I5ul soon civilization began to ad
vance on this frontier ; settlers in
search of cheap land took up claims.
and then came the townsite speculator.
Whore four years ago the co\yboy
reigned supreme there are now thirty-
four organized counties , all of them
quite well settled up. Nearly .ill these
counties have been cursed with county
scat wars. The most desperate meth
ods are resorted to in those contests for
town supremacy , and men who are or
dinarily honobt nnd peaceable have no
regard for the law , and so bitter is the
fseling engendered that they will not
stop oven at murder , in three coun
ties Wichita , Stevens and Gray
there have been actual battles between
rival towns , resulting in the loss of a
total of eleven lives , besides a number
who were crippled or maincd. It has
been necessary on thrco occasions to
call on the militia of the slate to quell
these outbr&uks and riots. This put
the state > toiuicli a heavy expense that
the regular militia fund was exhausted
and it was thtaossary for the adjutant
general ti > liive : introduced at the pres
ent session a bill to appropriate over
$20,000 to- meet the expenses incurred
by the militia when called out for this
purpose. ' ' >
Within' the past year there was pend
ing at onfc 'time no less than fourteen
county seut Contests. The same causes
led to al oftlhcm. Upon petition of a
majority'of the rcbidcnts of the county
the governor designates the temporary
county Bdati In his proclamation of or
ganization. ' 'The law provides that not
lobs thaiv tvncoly days nor more than
one hundred'daya from the date of or
ganization aVi' election sha-lf bo held for
the permatfynt location of the county
scat. These counties are new in every
thing else as voll as organization , and
town-site speculators , anticipating the
organization of the county , boom town
companies , and select townsitos with a
view of securing the county seat. Their
lir.st inovo is to .secure tiio temporary
county seat ; if successful , of course they
struggle to retain it. If unsuccessful ,
they immediately begin scheming to
secure the permanent county seat at the
election which they know must take
place witnin four months from the date
of organisation. The great profits in
towiisfto speculations enables the pro
prietors to'spend large sums of money
and they arc not at all conscience smit
ten in this respect. Each wants to own
a county aeat and the speculators who
originate and foster these wars tako.
into the new town enough money to buy
a small army of tramps , by whom the
war is carried on to the great detriment
of the bona lido settlers. The question
is often asked why the settlers participate -
pate in these tights , and it can easily
bo answered.
Take , for instance , one of the south
western counties , whore there are tlireu
towns not' more than three miles apart ,
near the center of the county , -located
in the form .of a triangle , all started by
the speculators for the purpose of secur
ing the colinty scat. There is room fpr
only one town in the county : two ot
them must die , hence it is a life antl
death struggle. These town sites have
been bottled up by a class of men as a
rule , who are generally found in new
localities , who are very tenacious of
their rights , honest in every thing but
county seat matters , nnd tvho have been
led to believe by the unscrupulous
Hchomers that the Almighty intended
that particular tract of land for a county
scat. Having invested every dollar on
earth that they own in that place , be
lieving that if they do not secure the
county Heat their property is worthless ,
under the leadership of the scheming
proprietors of these town sites they nro
very apt to resort to stringent measures.
Thu election is held. Kvcry Hide of
every county seat contest in Kansas is
charged with fraud and corruption , and
in the majority of cases the charge is
true. No protunso is made at the elec
tion that the law is obeyed. It is not
an uncommon occurrence for one town
to i rocur6 [ ° un old hotel register and
from that tAUo 100 or t200 names which
are placed' upon the poll books
as lepiui I0ivotera and a ballot
cast for tlfotii. Other frauds 'are prac
ticed buchl''iur voting mpii' who have
bQon dqalPftH ; years or men who have
roniovod'trWm ' the county long before.
Largo sums of money are expended by
the mantiWyp to import hundreds of
voters in to'tlib ' county in the IntoioslH
of their 'totrn ' , ostensibly to Work on
road nndMolnor public improvomuinv
Tliis class'pjT voters changes its resi
dence ar 'blLbii uh elections como up in
the varioiiti/ynunlies , going from county
to county'-as.ttio election draws nigh.
The iinptu'tAtion ' of this class of voters
which o/fo/r / / controls thu result of
elections "ItfroHontod by the bona fide
Bottler and" this causes the trouble.
Parties are organized in onq town to go
to the rival town which in county scat
by vlrtuo'of Jho appointments by the
governor , and capture tbo records.
( Jsually these attacks are made at
a ttino wlioji they are unexpected , nnd
often the bobjca of all the county oltlcors
are carried away , Hoth towns then sol
up a county government , each claiming
to bo th'o legal county soul. The blltor-
ont fooling prevails between the two
towns , ami upon the least provocation
there is likely to be u con II let which
may result in bloodshed. The light
Is taken to the courts , und usually
U requires inniiy yearnto , como tea
a Dual determination. .This puts upon
ttio people of the county a burden
oflu'doblcdncHd from which rh.oy ctm.
not bo relieved for yoard. ' The' , oiily
people who derive any bonoflt are the
lawyers who have been reaping a rich
harvest In the past three years.
Tnero are a score or moro of attorneys
who devote almost their entire attention
to county seat litigation and many of
them are milking fortunes out of It.
They demand big fees nnd in addition
require the town companies to give
them an interest In tlio town. If they
are successful Ihoy have besides their
fees a largo amount of availabln pro
perty. The supreme court and tunny of
the district courts are crowded with this
county seat litigation which will run on
for years.
But what Is the matter with the laws
of Kansas that these disgraceful county
seat wars cannot bo stopped ? This Is the
question which naturally arises nnd
which is now bolntr agitated in the Kan
sas legislature. A bill has already
pushed the senate which it is believed
will remedy this evil. It provides that
when a county is organized by the exec
utive , the place designated by him iw
the county scat shall remain such for a
term of years , not less than live at loast.
If this should bo done the county seat
speculators would 11 ml their occupation
gone.
CM plain L. J. Webb , the leading
county scat lawyer in the state , who
has boon employed in nearly all these
contests and who is more familiar than
any other man. said to Tin : Hm : cor
respondent : "I Hud that a few in
dividuals manage those county scat
wars ; the people outshto of the towns ,
and many inside , don't know what , is
going on ; the managers charge and
counter charge fraud , and stir up a bitter -
tor feeling , which brings on the war.
These contests in Kansas In the last
four years havo. cost $1,000,000. More
money hns been spent over every town-
silo in these now counties than they are
worth. Some of the counties have an
indebtedness of $100,000 , and have not
$10OUt ) to show for it. This money has
been expended In importing voters ,
paying costs in lawsuits , paying attor
ney's fees , etc. You must not.think that
only oncqsido resorts to corrupt prac
tices ; it applies to nearly every side of
every contest in Kansas in tlio last four
years. The remedy is to locate the
count.scat at the time the county is or
gan i/.cd for a period of time sulllciiint
to enable the county to bo settled m > ,
and thereafter to enable tlio bona Hue
settlers .and legal electors to control
their own alTairs. .So far as { now
recollect there are six county seat con
tests going on in this .state at tl\o \ pres
ent time , and if permitted to continue
will iwt the people anywhere from
8111,000 to $ ; WOOI ) in each case , without
a dollars' return to the county : all this ,
to say nothing about the probabilities
of bloodshed. iJills have boon intro
duced in the legislature to settle , these
matters. It is suggested that because
some of these cases are in court the leg
islature has no power to interfere.
Such a suggestion has no foundation ,
either in law or justice. The legisla
ture not only possesses the power to lo
cate a county seat whore it pleases
within the .county , of course but it
ought to clo so.
Adjutant General Campbell , who has ,
on three occasions , called out the mili
tia to quiet thee county scat wars , .said
to Tin : 13m : correspondent : "My ex
perience as adjutant general is that
these ri\al town companies gather a lot
of people in there who have no money.
They give them homes and then set
them at war with oacli other , which re
sults in loss of life and crime and bit
ter feeling between the citizens of the
rival towns. The original town com
pany which plants itself near the cen
ter of tlio county to be organized ,
should be entitled to protection and ally
bet of men who are guilty of establish
ing another town for speculative pur
poses , within five miles of the original
town , do so with the full knowledge
that it will re ult in crime and blood
shed. It should be made a criminal
offense to establish any such rival town
within five milesand such action should
be absolutely prohibited by law. If
this had boon done early in the history
of our state many lives would have been
saved. The employment of persons to
work and vole at county scat elections
by town companies should also be made
a crime , and the entire business of force
'and fraud in county scat contests
severely punished. "
As 11 Ncrvo Tonic
Use Ilorsford's Acid Pliosphnte.
15r. S. 1.1. Williums.Clnronco , la. , says : "I
have used it to grand effect in n cuso of nou-
nitric favor , and in uterine dlnieultlcs. Also ,
In cases wlicrn a general tonic was needed.
For n ncrvo tonic 1 thing it is the best I hnvo
ever used , and can recommend it most con
fidently. "
A MATHEMATICAL WONDER.
Ignorant Old Tom Cabbage anil II H
Astonishing Koiits With I'lKiirai.
There died at Woodvillc , Va. , some
time ago ono of the most remarkable
characters the Blue Riugo country of
Virginia ever produced. Old Tom Cab
bage , as he was known , was the mathe
matical wonder and the pride of the
Blue Uidgc people. IIis feats at figures
and his calculations wcro indeed won
derful , and like Blind Tom , the musical
prodigy , bib powers wore intuitive and
innate. Old Tom did not know a liguro
or a Intter and never wont to school for
an hour in his life. lie was a rough ,
ignorant and untutored native of thu
hills , and yet ho could solve , almost in
a moment , any problem read to him
from the text books or from the papers
and give the correct answer. Ho would
add a column of liguros of any possible
length , subtract , multiply or divide ,
and do it so quickly as to surprise the
scholar who tested his remarkable
powers.
Ills answer hOinotinios will include
a clo/.cn or moro figures , and knowing
absolutely nothing nbout the numerat
ing of thorn ho would give the liguros
beginning at the right , and if a mis
take had boon made or a wrong liguro
purposely introduced by the portion tak
ing down his answer , old Tom would
discover it at once and give the correct
one. Ho know nothing of the notation
of numbers , and his whole Knowledge
Was limited to the giving of his an-
sworri , Jiguro by liguro , ns fast as thuy
could bo written from tiio right to the
left. Persons of fair education , who
tested old Tom , bay they could never
stump him , though they limited for the
most diillcult problems in the booksand
believe ho could give the correct
answer to any possible sum. Problems
involving square and cube roots , coin-
plating the baiuiro of equations wore as
readily solved by him as simple addi
tion , and yet were you to ask him what
cube root meant lie would toll you
ho didn't ' know. No ono know the
way old Tom did thcso t'lings , indeed
ho could not tell you hinisolf. Ho was
simply sui generis , and the only ono of
his land over known to the people
of the Blue Kidge.
Sootlu-H and IluaU.
SANTA ABIK soothes und huatt the
membranes of the throat and lungs , ,
when poiMticd and inllamcd by disease.
It prevents night sweats and tightness
across the chubt , cures coughs , croup ,
asthma , colds , bronchitis , pneumonia ,
whooping cough and all other throut
and lung troubles. No other medicine
is bo Hiiccohsful in curing nasal catarrh
asCAT-K-CimK. The enormous and
increasing demand for tliusu blnndard
California remedies con linn tlioir
moi'lls. Soli ) and absolutely guaranteed
by fioodnwti Drug Co , , at $1 a package.
Throe /or $ U,60.
The HUSSEY& DAY COMPANY
. < vOl i
Sanitary Plumbing !
Steam and Hot W'ater Heating *
Gas and Electric Chandeliejrs !
Art Metal Work , Stable Fittings , Fountains , Vases ,
I , AUGUST STOCK. ri\12S'l' SIKMVIIOO.IISV11ST or * BICAG ( >
tSTWo mnko a specialty of repair work on Plumbing , Gas or Heating Appar
atus. Prompt attention. Skillful mechanics. Personal supervision , and flharg s
reasonable llrst-class worlc will allow. , ' '
always as & 1 TvVonty-Ilyo yonrs''prnotl-
cnl oxporloncd. Visitors to our showrooms always welcome. , c
THE HUSSEY & DAY COMPANY
409-411 South 1 5th Street.
HIMEBAUGH & TAYLOR , .
Hardware and Cutlery ,
Mechanics' 2ool * , FineJJronxo Itulltlor * ' < orxls antl Buffalo
1405 Douglas St. , Omaha.
DEWEY & STONE
Furniture Company
A niofiniflccnt dlsplHj/oftH'ei'tttltlntf useful < unl oi'iinmsntul In iltc
titrc imilicr'aart nt rntaonnbloprices.
the NOBO.
Tlicso pictures illusiratn whnt can hortono In
thu way of trniisformliiK tlint prominent foMturo
ottliocimiit'iiinci ; > , tlio nososwo pnxliico them
lion > . not only lireattso they urn IntorotitlnK In
Blumltik' ulKit can 1)0 ) nm > iiinblii' ! < ! , hut iilKii tin-
caino tin1) ' show what woiiiliTful rlmiigo In tlio
expression Isi'lloctoil byiiii'i
niul slmim of the noso. The
\\oii < lcrulrlmiiKCl3iniitolJ ( : ?
a reiy liwnlinut nm > llmico
which can tie set lit liny
Knugo , niirt koiitnttlint until
tlmobjoot loruhlch It hits
been used la obtained. The
Instrument ran licMiscilulth-
out trouhlo.somo iiri'.ssuro ,
nndlll cdect the objeittlo-
slri'd In n remarkably short
tlino. Thosoci.se.snromaliM ; . .
ly icmnrk.iblo In shiv\lint\liat ; UKieut Improve
ment e.-m ho broiiRht nbout ullh ucomparatUely
llttl Inconvenience In tlia patient. Store nomli-r-
fill tlilngd Iia\o oltcn been accomplished for the
Improvement of the fiieo than these lioro Illus
trated. Kor Instance , In easas of liollon ami .sunk
en cheeks , scars , wrinkles , pte. Tlio'new faclnl
Instrument lias no o < inal.
It Is , unlike the nose applt-
nnco niul U made on nn
.ontlroly different prlnol-
pin Foremost HIIIOIIK sclen-
'listsho ' ha\o made un
deniable triumphs Iniler-
nnitology. 1 ITJ ° lin "
Woodbury , liosephenom-
onal success In entirely ro-
movhiKblrthinarks. moles ,
MipcrlliioiM hair , scars.
. . , \Mlnkles , freckles , nntl nil
skin and scalp iilTPctlons , liasKlven lilm a world
wide reputation. Ho now conducts the lamest es
tablishment of the Itlnd In the world for their
ticatmtmt. Ho has Just Issued the sixth edition
of hli liM pace book , treatlnp on till skin nnd
scalp alToctloin , wlileli Is mailed to liny ndi n ; < s
upon ioce.lpt of 10 cents. That tlio < emaiii for
this book Is great is shown by the , loads of letters
delivered daily to his ofllco nt 210 We.st 4lind
Street New York Clty.'N. V The book Is very
and should bu read by u\e.ry one.
OMAHA
MEDICAL a" ' SURGICAL INSTITUTE
N , W. Cor. 13th it. Dodpro Sts.
FOIl TUB TIIUATMENT OK ALL
Appliance : for Doformitics and Trusses
IlustlncllUlos. apparatus nnd riMiieillot for BIICOOSI
ful treatment of avoir form of disease requiring
Sledlual or Surclcnl Treatment.
FIFTY ROOMS FOR PATIENTS.
Hoard and attendance ; best hospital accommoda
tions In tha nest ,
WHITE FOU IMHCUi.Aiis oo Deformities and Draco * ,
I'russrs , dun Fact , Curvature ol HID Bnlno , I'llus ,
Tumor ) , Canoor. Outnrrb. Uronchlllfl. InUHtatlnn ,
Hlcclrlcltjr. 1'aralrslii , Kpllepsr , Kltlnor , Hlmldor ,
Bjc. liar , itkln and lllood , nnd all Snrxlcal opuratluns.
Diseases of Woman a Specialty.
COOK ON UI8KABBX OF WOMEN KIIEE.
ONLY BBL1ABLE MEDICAL INSTITUTE
MAKING A 81'KCm.TY Or
PRIVATE DISEASES.
All Hlooit Ulsuusexuoocisfullf trolled , Hyiibllltle
I'olton removed from thu synteni without mercury.
New restorative treatment lor loss of Vital 1'nnror.
i'orsons unnbie to visit us may bn trcutod at hnniu by
. All coruinunlcAtlona ronllde ntltif.
MoitlclnuB or Instrmnonti nont by mall or ozprcnt ,
securely packed , no marks to iiidk'ulu rontontt or
sendur. Ono personal Interview prefuircd. Call mill
consult us or send history of your cnsu , uud we nlll
eenil In plain wrapper , our
BOOK TO MEN , FREEI
ITpon I'rlrnto , Special or Nervous Diseases , Iinpn.
tcncv.Dyphllls , Ulout and Vnrlcucelo , wltu question
list. Address
AddressMedical and liurgictil Institute , or
Cor. 13th and DoJgu Sta. , OMAHA , NUI1 ,
Have Jtemovcd from J2fS S. Ifttli
Hired , Ci'cluMon Jtloclf , to
1511 Dado St.
First Door West of PostofliGe.
DENTAL
Institute !
1'rclh extracted without pain or djutiur ,
Hne t eu or lortli W.IJU
( lo'il und 8llrcr lllllnjfB ut lovrcal rulim.
Hound runts sivn I tif crowning.
I'ailuii Illotk. loth uud Furimm. Tulopliyno III
PATRONIZE
HOME * INDUSTRY
BY SMOKING
"Red Labs ! " Cigars.
180 80.
Ills. 1 ClnrkGt.
Tiio Regular Old-Established
PHYSICIAN AND SUnCEOtl
l > still Trcatlngwllh tha Greatest
SKILL and SOCCESS
Clirouic , Ncrvons and Private Diseases ,
OB-NERVOUS DEBILITY , Lost Mtnhood ,
falling Memory , Exhausting Drains , Terrible
Dreams , Held and Back Ache and all the cffecli
leading to early decuy niul peihaps Consumption 01
Insanity , treated scientifically by new ni < Uiod > with
never-fadinc succcsi. * i
SYPHILIS and all bad Blood and Skin Dls >
cases permanently cured. 4
a-KIDNEYand URINARYcompbinli.Qlect ,
Gonorrhoea , Stricture , Vorlcocele and all diseases
of the Genlto-Urinary Organs cured promptly without
injury to Stomach , Kidneys or other Oigani. ,
air No experiments. Age and e p rlince lm
portant * Consultation free > nd sacred.
00-Send 4 cents postage for Celebrated Works 00
Chronic , Nervous and Delicate Disease ) .
flB-Those contemplating Matrlage end fdr Dr.
Clarke's celebrated guide Male .ind Female , each
IS cents , both 3 ; cents ( stamps ) , Consult the old
Doctor. A friendly letter or callmay savefuturcsufTer.
inland shameand add golden years toiife. A9Uook
"Life'sSecret ( ) Errors50centsstampt ( ) , Medicint
and writings sent everywhere , secure from exposure.
Hours , 8 to B. Sundays y to u. Address
F. D. CLARKE , M. D. ,
186 So. Clark St. . CHICAGO , ILL.
Health is .Wealth
In. ) U , C. WIIKT'S NIHVI : : AND HIIAIN THHAT-
MI-.MT , a guaranteed Hpuclllc for llj.sterlu , Dlzzl-
ness , Convulsions , Kits , Nenous NetiralBia ,
Headache. Nervous I'rostriitlon rnusotl hytlia
iiboof ulcohol or tobacco. Wakefiilnosu , Mentul
Dopiosiloii , Softening of tha lluiln rosujlljiK In
Insanity nii'l loadlzm to misery , decay und
death. I'reinaliiro Old .A'e. | llurrenneHs , 1,033 ol
Tower In either sex , Involuntary hosso * and
Hperinatorrlio-n caused by over-exertloili ol
the brain , salf abuse or over liululKencn. 'K-ich
box contains onu month's treatment , * l a box ,
or six ho\H for $ ! > , sent by mull prepaid on 10-
celpt of prlco.
WE GUARANTEE SIX BOXES
To cure any case. With onch order received by
us for six boxea , accompanied with fa. uo will
homl the purchaser our wiltton Kiiurauleo to ro <
luuil thu money If the treatment does not olfect
a cure. ( inarixnteen Issued only by Uoodnuin
Dnifj Co. , DnigRlsH Solo Agents , 1110 l-'urii.uii
Street Omaha ob.
The 'LUDLOW ' SHOE' '
Has oblulncd a ropiitiilioti whcvov6r in
troduced for ' 'COUUKCI STYI.K"rtl'KH-
FKCT FIT , " "CojiruiiT AND Dfriuiiiiv
1TV. " They hnvo no mipuriora hi 'Hand
Turns , Hand Welts , Gooilyi-.ar WqllB
and Miichino Sowed. Liidiim , able lot" the
"Luiiixnv" SIIOH. Try them , and you
will buy no other.
State Line.
To ( .lasjroiv , llcltast , Dublin uud Liverpool
i
From New York Every Tueday $ ( ,
Cabin pa83Ka f ) " > nnd fit ) . arcorillllK to locution
of htato room. Mxciirskni W > t | > 1 JO ,
Stcoruije to nntl , f rum linropo at lo\vaat ituiotf.
'
AUSTIN ) IAI < ! > W1X & ( < ) , . Hen" ) Auon'u.
M llro.-idway , Niw Vbrlc ,
JOHN IIIiniN : : , Onn VV.-hti-ni Aont , v.
IUI Randolph Ht , , ( jJilMtfO.
IIAKUV li. MOOUH-i. Atent , nmihij ,
Kuducud Cabin Hat of to GlastfpwJ3x-
bibitlon.
fFOR SALE *
EVERYWHERE.
WtMr cunED/2 ! "
iAy f.viiittj !
r.cl' ' * " ( ' '
V."V uil > uill4 liif \ > VSHI'N'f (
l wvcrn.
i rnu tlotuuur
V , III8UOX r iLUiuru JK "iVu jijti/rii'tt" /
WEAK '
N-ror. .
Hv mMWV lottt lurxutir Kl eta.
t will M M a MldubV. troatlM ( scalwl ) cSuuiSBg tM
tc. u n ( or hemp euro. rvo nf olmiua , tt , i * '
. if , 0 , rov/iiU , uoOPUS , COI.1I.-