Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, November 11, 1888, Part II, Page 13, Image 13
NOVEMBER 11. ISSa-SIXTEEN PAGES ; I'J TT A Excitement is Over BROWNING , KING & CO. In their "DAYLIGHT" * Store sell goods equally cheap to Republicans , Democrats , Labor Reformers and Prohibitionists. .8 . T If you're a smiling winner or forlorn loser get your OVERCOAT , Hat , Etc. AT HEADQUARTERS. BROWNING , o Largest Manufacturers and Retailers of g in fiie World , S. W. Corner 15th and Douglas Sts. , Omaha , Neb. 8 I J GOVERNOR HUBBARDIN JAPAN The Amorlcan Legation Building and its Queer Surroundings. FACTS OF JAPANESE DIPLOMACY. Clint on American Trntlc Amoricn as Jnimn'ri IH-st Customer null How She Miulit Supply her \Vttli Col ton , etc. Carp's liottor. TOKIO , Oct. 21. [ Special Correspondence of TUB UCE.JI called , to-day , upon the Unltca States mlnlstop to Japan. The American le gation at Tolclo is better Loused than most of our foreign missions. The building Is an immense - menso two-story brlok of a bright cream color. It overlooks the bay of Yeddo with its thousands of queer Japanese Junks , and it has more Living rooms than has the white house. It has big windows , wide halls , and the front side of it lias long corridors cov ered with glass. It Is 0110 of the best houses In Toldo , auil it Is ono of the few location buildings for which Undo Sam pays rout. It costs $3,500 , a your , anil it Is a Itotiso which , if located ut Washington , would rout for twlco this utnount. Its grounds are beautifully laid out In all the wonders of Japanese gar dening , and choice trees of flowers fill the air with a perpetual perfume. A cool wind con stantly blows from the sea and the Amorl can line , which floats from a staff in the yard , nuvor hangs listless and limp. The burroundlngs of the liouso are essentially Japanese. Long lines of cottages with overhanging - hanging roofs and with open walla Una the street at the right , and I caught with my camera a bare-legged girl carrying a bucket of water , and n small boy with watering * in , us I rode up to the gate in my Jlnrlk- Bhn , OUIt MlWSTEIl'S IIO5IK. Thopovornor's carriage was standing at the gata and his two bettocs had i-burgo of it. Oni ) with n bowl-llku hat had ills regular place in the coachman's scat , and the other , who usually runs ahead to clear the way , had hold of the horses' ' heads. 1 stopped at the porter's lodge and was received by on old Japanese Horvnnt who had a four-Inch strip of n bald spot from His forehead to his crown , which bore evidence of being shaved dnily. Ho had his back hair tied upon this in the approved Japanese fashion in the shape of a cue , which was shupoil like an old-fashioned door-knocker. Ho pulled up his gown and bumped his bald bond against the grave ) as lie saluted mo , and when I told him I wanted to i oo the minister , he sucked in his breath and bowed again. Ho then lead mo to the wide front door , and a second servant took me In hand. More bowing , more breath sucking , and then I enter the halls of the American legation. What a change I At the door of our minister's house you leave Japan and drop down Into America. The rooms are furnished in American t stylo. A Urusscls carpet df a common American pattern takes the place of Japan ese matting , and easy chairs , rucks of books ana several desks look very comfortable In contrast with the houses you have been vis- ItUiX where a box of charcoal and a flower pot made up the furniture. Instead of Japan ese screens , the honest faces of Abraham Lincoln , George Washington and General Grant look down from the walls , and over the mantel in the plnco of honor is a big framed photograph'of President Cleveland. A you go in a hearty voice greets you , and Governor Ilubbard gives you welcome with thu shako of an American baud. aovKiixoK uuiiiunu , \Vhat a big man he is , and how decidedly American ! He stands six feet in his stock ings , and his big-boned frame is padded with not far from 300 pounds of muscular Ilosh. Ho would make three of the ordinary Japanese , nnd liave yet to spare. He is a good-looking man. His big head is well seton on broad shoulders nnd his blue eyes shine out from under a broad and high fore head. Fifty-live years old , his hair lias become iron-gray , and short , curly iron gray whiskers cover his face. Ho bears his years well. Horn in Georgia , edit cated in Virginia and a graduate of Harvard , ho moved to Texas when the state was wild , nnd'began ' to practice law there In the days when the practitioners rode the circuit with ablock-stono in one side of their saddle-bags nnd a pistol nnd a deck of cards in the other. Since then ho haa been ono of the leading men of this state , nnd he was for years its governor. Ho Is a fine Spanish scholar , and lus conversation teems with quotations from the classics of several languages. A line or- atpr ; lie made one of the ringing speeches of the convention at Chicago , which gave Cleveland his first nomination. Ho wax tem porary chairman of the conventionand when Cleveland became president he made him inhmtcr to Japan. TUB JAPANESE MI SIOX is now ono of the most important of our for eign posts , Thirty-three years ago this na tion of IW.OOO.OOO people was unlocked to the world by Comodoro Perry , and it is to an American that the "Land of the Rising Sun , " as Japan is called , is indebted for its intro duction to foreign nations. At this time , when the country was slinl-barbar- us , n sot of treaties were en tered Into with the foreign powers pro viding that Japan should not charge any of their citizens moro than 5 per cent duty on importations , and that in cases of natives bringing suit against foreigners , they should bo tried in the courts of the consul of the nation of the Individual against whom the suit was brought. For instance , If a Japanese merchant HUOS me for a debt , ho must bring the suit before our consul- general , Mr. Greuthouso , nnd the decision of Mr. Greathouso settles the faut whether I must pay or not. In the case of civil or criminal suits between foreigners Uiomsolvos the consul of the defendant are the Judges nnd the only appeal Is to the minister of the foreign nation of thu individual against whom the unit i brought. This fact adds grontly to the Importance nnd duties of our ministers to China und Japan over ottier for eign ministers. It makes him A suriiEMi : jrixii : and In Governor Hubbnrd's ofllco at Tokia there Is a law library , which would do credit to th chumbont of a great uonHtiluthmal and International lawyer. In these treaties of thirty years ngo , the foreigners were allowed tosettle and do business In certain parts of thu leading seaport towns. They cannot do bui'.nuAs ' or travel outside of these settle ments without permission from thu govern ment. Thosu settlements are called concus sions and they exist in half a doicn of the loading seaports. Ttioro are sixteen foreign powers included In the treaties , and each has its own set of laws and Its own courts. The consuls of each has complete jurisdiction , civil nnd criminal , over Its citizens in these ports In their relations with the natives , and It Is no wonder that the Japanese govern ment astss for a change. When the country was barbarous , thcro was a reason for such conditions , but Japan is nowinnrp civilized than some of the independent nations of Christendom , as for Instance the South Amer ican government , nnd there is no reason why aho should not bo treated as an independent power. The Japanese people cry for TIIHATV IIBVISION , and a convention of the sixteen powers has boon held hora at Toldo during thu pint two years. The'foroign ministers of the various powers have been the members of this con vention , and from what I can loaru some of its sessions have bcoa very lively ones. Gov ernor Hubbard's voice has not been unlicurd In them , and Americans horn tell me he has made n bold stand' for American rights and American trade. HH has also contended for the recognition of Japan as an indupomlon1 power , and Count Inonyc , the Japanese secre' tury of state , and the president of the con ference , in acknowledging the receipt of President Cleveland's message alludinir to treaty revision , said that he gladly took' the opportunity to thank the minister for the bold and enlightened stands he had taken in treaty revision. The last report of the statu department at Washington contained n copy of this letter of Count Inouyc. DISCUIMIXATINU AGAINST AMKUHIA. Some of our former ministers to Japan were so anxious to have the treaties revised that'they were willing to concede anything. Their friendship 1'or Japan and its progress was so great tliat the Japanese government paid little attention to them as factors In thu matter. "America is with us anyhow , " was their theory , nnd hence the encouragement given to foreign trade and to foreign importations - tations was placed where it would do thu most good. Whether by actual or implied agreement I do not know , but it Is said that Germany und England have been favored over other countries , and a merchant of Yokohama told mo that ho knew of Japanese merclinnts going abroad to buy goods who were refused passports to leave Japan until they had agreed to buy their goods in Ger many. At any rate the statistics show that the German exports last year in creased u million and a half. England nnd Germany furnish the rail road supplies of Japan , and in the let ting of railroad contracts by the government thn other powers have been favored over the Americans. A year or so ago , General James H. Wilson , an American representing u largo syndicate of American capitalists was here at Toldo. Ho olfcrcd to bid for certain contracts for government railways if ho could bo told that thu contract wonld bo given to the lowest bidder. His request was neither refused nor granted , though ho was willing to agree to furnish nil of the mate rials for thesu roads and their equipment , save the Iron for the rails at a price fully as low , if not lower , than the lowest bidder. It afterwards became nn open secret that these roads bad been contracted for in advance by the German and English capitalists , nnd it was also not doubted us a consideration for the support of these governments In the re vision of the treaties. Governor Hubburd presented General Wilson's case , and ho him ut all opportunities pushed Till : IIUIIIT.H OF AMIillll'AXM. As the friends of Japan , to the sumo chancel in thesu contracts. The result is , I am told , that Americans will hereafter , have n fair competitive show , and that Ameri can business will bu better now than It hat been before , provided thu American manu facturers suit themselves to thu trudo. In justice to Japan , however , it should bo stated that their railroads wuro oricrlnuly [ started on the lingllsh system , and that all the roads which havu been built since that time in this part of Japan have been mndo to run in con nection with these KnglUh built roads , Japan has its shop * ? built with n view to sup plying the machinery and the materials for such roads , and the usoof American patterns would require new machinery and an ontlro change In thn railroad system. It claims on this ground , that the adoption would bo ux- ponslvu and impracticable. AH to treaty revision , Japan was willing to throw her whole country open to foreigners if this turilT regulation of live per cent , upon imports nnd the consular laws were abolished ished , Shu was willing to adopt u new code of laws nnd to have the rnsos of foreigners tried In mixed courts , a part of thu judges of which should bu foreigner : ) , paid by the .lap- nneso government. Thu conference , however - over , adjourned without doing unythlng , und the same laws prevail to-day. In going to the interior of Japan , I got through our lega tion a pass-port from the Jnpnneso govern ment , stating that I WUB about to travel in a certain route , and that I would visit certain places , nnd that the trip was for health and Ei'ientlllu Investigation. This pass-port Is demanded at every hotel ut which I stop , and it U registered at the policu station of every village In which I pass thu night. OUIt TJtADK WITH JAl'AX. Governor Ilubbard tells mo' that wo buy moro from Japan than any other foreign na tion , "Last year , " said he , "our imports from this country amounted to 21,000,000 Japanese dollars , or about 10,001,000 Ameri can dollars. Wo bought eleven million dollars lars wortli of her raw silk , and nearly seven millions worth of her teas. The fair checks of our ladles were cooled lust year with WT.OOO worth of Japanese fan ? and our noses wura wined with Ji 10,000 worth of Japanese silk handkerchief * . Wo buy nearly 1300,003 worth of Japanese porcelain every year , and our imports of bamboo waru amount to f 102,000 of Japanese money. Wu buy more than twice as much of Japan as any other countryund our imports aru increasing every year , in IS" we bought a million and n half moro goods than in ISSli , and the United States will probably continue to be Japan's best customer. " "But how about her purchases from us ! " I asked. ' There is no scniinicnt in trade , " replied Governor Hubbard. ' 'Japan buys where she can buy the cheapest , nnd her purchases from Great iJriUi'm. China , the Rust Indies nnd Slam , are greater than those of the United States. OltKAT UltlTAIX which buys from Japan one-soventh ns much us we do , or § ' $ ,000,000 worth of goods to our 831,000,01)0 ) , sells to her In round numbers , $18,000,000 worth of her poods , or six limes us much as the United Status. Franco buy ing $3,000,000 sells $10K,0 ( ) ; > 0 , and sells four times as much as she buys. Thu United States , Japan's best customer , is proportion ally her smallest creditor , and our sales to the Japanese hist year amounted only to a little over 53,000,000. I use in these estimates the Japanese dollar , which Is about equal to 7.1 cents. It is a mistake that it is BO , and wo will soli more when the American factors have studied the market , and have adapted themselves to it. " AMHIIICAX KXl'OKTS. 'What ore the chief articles of export from the United States to Jnpan } " I asked. "Kerosonn oil leads the list,1' was the re ply. "Half of the Japanese nation lights its houses with our coal oil lamps , und we sold In 1SSO , over $ > ,000,000 worth of coal oil to Japan. There hus been a falling off this year in this , but , the export Is still largo. Then the American clock Is popular In Japan , and you may see thousands of them In Toklo. Thu common ofllcci clock , which hangs upon the wall , is very popular , and ono salu of clocks huru amounts to 100,000 Japanese dollars lars u year. Many a Japanese baby is now brought up on American condensed milk , nnd ? , ° > 5,000 worth was sold last year. Wo sell sole leather , books , machin ery and provisions , and Japan bought ttM.OOO worth of our Hour last year. These llgurcs are small , but American forulgn trudo is in its Infancy , nnd , it has a world yet to conquer. Hero in the east there iiro six hundred mlllloiiH of people who require moro or less of some kinds of goods which American brains push nnd cap ital can furnish at n prollt , and in Jnpan thuro are 8S,000,000 , of people who nro ready to tnlco from America what she has to sell that fits their needs , whenever they can buy it as cheaply of her us of othur nations. We sell to North China $0 , ( > fOOi)0 ) worth of COTTON" fllRKTIKlIS a year , and this in the teotli of thu manufac turing nations of Europe. Japan Is moro accessible to us. Why Hhould we not bell to her ? " , . "How much do wo/sell i" f asked. "None , " replied Governor Hubbard. "Tho American cottons do not enter the Japanese inurkcts. Wo ilo hot muku the cheap nnd light article of cptton required by the Jap anese. A slight change in the factories , however , would adapt them to this class of . goods , und thcrb Is no doubt but that our Amorlcan 'mills can get a lim ited market hero when they uro forced to look abroad for a foreign trade. They will thun Imvo to sell 'their ' goods in close compe tition with Kngland. We are Japan's nearest foreign neighbor. Wo Imvo the cotton at our doors and our factories uru in operation. Japan raises soingcotton , but isof an Inferior quality. It seams to mo that forulgn tradu offers the solution of many of the labor und capital troubles of tlw United States. When thu homo markets nro glutted nnd the facto ries closed for mint of demand , this forulgn trade could eat up some of the surplus , and keep the mills from resting. JAPANESE IMl'OliTS. "Jnpan buyu , " Governor Hubbard wont on , " $51,000,000 worth of goods n year from foreign nations. It sells in round numbers # ,73,000,000 , worth of goods abroad , and its im ports are thus nearly a million dollars loss than Its exports. The needs of the nation will gro > v with the new civilization , ami an in < creased demand for our productions will be thu result. Among the chief things it now buys are bteam engines , clocks , watches , hats nnd cups , iron , steel , window glass , sugar , woolen uud cotton yarns. Its importations of uottoii yarns last year was fi,000,000 , and it bought half u million dollars' worth of wines. It sells abroad about forty dltferent articles , and some of thesu will be now to yon. In camphor there Is an export of a I million , and m 'cuttle- fish A like uu.ount. I Japan sells ? . ' ,000,000 worth of copper a year , and it has ono of the largest copper mines in the world. It sells a million dollars' worth of porcelain , a million dollars' worth of silk liandkerchiol'8 , and $7,000.000 worth of tea. Wo buy nearly nil of the Japan tea that goes abroad. The sales of raw silk amount to ? IO,000,000 a year , nnd of cocoons to S300.00J a year. It sells SKIO.tKX ) worth of rice. The tnideof the country is susceptibluof increase and Japan is by no means at the end of its material development. " JAl'AN'rl I'l'Tl'lli ' : . "How about its futurol" 1 asked. "I think Japan has a great future , " replied Governor Hubbard , "Tho advances thu na tion bus inadu in the past two decades have no parallel in the history ot civilization. The country bus now railroads , telegraph , u com pulsory school system , and a government based on thu plan of those of modern Ku- rope. It is bringing machinery to the devel opment of its industries and of its wonderful resources. Japan is a country of minerals and its coal nnd iron will add to its national wealth. Agriculturally , it Is susceptible of trroat development , and only n small proportion tion of the land Is now cultivated. Thu great island of Yczzo , which lies north of Japan and which contains . ' 30,000 square miles , or nearly ns much as all the New England states , with the exception of Maine , is unde veloped. Thta contains good wheat lands , mountains of minerals , and it is the home of the Ainos , who are supposed by some to bo the original Japanese. There uro , however , very few of these , nnd the Japanese govern ment is now trying to colonize the island. The Japanese are much like the French , in that they like homo. The only EMIOIUTIOX of Importance that is.known of , Is that to the Hawuiuan Islands , Where about 8 , < XW Japa nese havu gone within thn past few years to engage in sugar raising. Yezzo , however , ie a part of Japan , nnd it is thought there muy bo loss trouble in getting imigrants. The only American railroad in Japan is in Yozzo , and it is intimated to mo that thu trovern- mcnt , in the extension of its railways thcro , will build them on the American plan. It is probable that American materials will bo tea a largo extent used , nnd that , though the roads will bo built under the d Ircction of Japanese civil engineers , the materials and machinery may comu from America. I believe that at present othu prospects for American materials and American trade was never better in Japan , nnd I think that fair and free competition w'H ' bo given to all for eign nations in the letting ot the government contracts. With such u state of affairs , I do not fear fir American pluck , push and Ingen uity , As to the treaties , I think tlioy ought to bo revised , and America has ulwnys been on thu side of revision. The conference of powers has , however , taken an Indcllnltu recess , and when it will bo called together again , is u question. " ] 'jiisnxT : onowTit. "Do you think the pro.iunt growth of Japa nese. civilization will continue ) " "I do not sno why It should not , " replied Governor Ilubbard. "Tho Japanese are quickly assimulatlng tha ways of the west. They aru a phcnouilnally bright race intel lectually , nnd thu govurnmunfand thu best classes nro with the new movement. They send hundreds of their best men abroad every your to study the best of other nations , und they are not wedded to thuir old ways like the Clilnci-so. They have lately adopted the Edison electric light , und tha telephone Is no stranger to them. Any new thing that is a good thing they seem ready for , and they know u good thing when they see It. " "How about their capacity for modern civilization I" "Thoy are ns bright n people as you will find anywhere und thuir average of educa tion , as far as the common people go , is higher than in some or the countries of Eu rope. Nearly every one of the lowest classes can read Japanese. AH to the higher schools , there is a law school In Toklo baring -About ono thousand students , and I know some Jap anese lawyers who could hold their own in any American court. They muko good civil engineers and the bettor classes are rapidly learning to speak the foreign languages. They are not backward In business enter prise and they possess a patriotism equal to that of the Americans , i see no reason why the Japanese should not become one of the great nations of the world , und tboy as suredly loud the nations of the orient In their wonderful iwuslbllities and in the advantage they are taking of them. n FIIAXK. G Fur will bo seen on very mauy of the most atylUu house gowns this winter. A Bamblo Amonsr the Dealers and Tholr Waroa. LIVELY SCENES ON MARKET DAYS. How an Institution Needed in Omaha Is Mutinied in the Kast The 1'eoplo Who Sell and Buy. Baltimore Market Houses. BAM-IMOUE , Nov. 6. [ Special Correspondent pendent to THK Bun. ] Among- the in- BtitutioiiB of the city of Baltimore , the markets and narks may claim the first ranks. Not that the former are located in flue buildings or equipped with mag nificent fixtures , hut that they afford Iwth rich nnd poor the opportunity of purchasing their commodities in the face of the fullest competition , and of seeing that they got fair value for their money. There some ton or a dozun different market places , situated In var ious portions of the city , onahling all to have the benefit thereof without going out o ! their own neighborhood. Two or thrco davs oaoh week are sot auart as market daya , but varying in the dif ferent mnrkot houses. These latter , for the most part , consist of brick struct ures erected in open spaces apparen ly sot apart for that purpose in the origi nal plan of the city. Thane buildings are generally open on all sides , consist ing merely of a roof supported by brick piers connected by arches at the top. The stalls nro arranged in rows , hack to back , down the center and along the walls. In most cases the demand for space seems to have been so great that Irume additions have been made to the building to servo only as a shelter for protection of goods beneath , Above two market houses that I have noticed nro public halls used as armories for thu meetings and drill of the militia. The principal market-place is that called Lexington market , and the rep utation cf this , perhaps , has hcon spread wherever HulUinoreans have gone. The building itself can claim no atlontion whatever except in regard to si/.o. One would say that it had a rather "shabby" appearance. It ia a frame structure consisting of a roof supported by iron pillars. A part of the coiling is plastered and white washed ; the tin on the roof seems to have once had a coat of reddish paint , which has boon retouched recently in various parts , The stalls present' colors of the rainbow , according to the taste of the occupants ; but at present the whole looks oomowlmt dilapidated. There are really throe separate build ings , each a block in length ana furnish ing thrco parallel aisles , that in the centre being the widest. In consequence quence the market covers an area of about 800 feet in length by sixty feet in width , with the exception of two inter secting streets where space is left for the passage of wagons and street cars. These throe squares Ho upon quite a hill , so that in passingthrough the market kot ono ascends nnd descends a fairly steep elevation. The stalls are made up of wooden counters. In the moat department some have advanced as far ns marble slabs , while they also have rows of meat hooks on the frame work behind. The floor ia paved with artificial stone , Along the outsldo of the building awnings are stretched out on market days in order to cover moro spaco. The place is lighted by gas at each stall , while t'own the con tor alslo there are public gas lamps nt conven ient intervals. It ficems queer to see so many gas meters side by side on shelves above the stalls. At the Lexington market Tuesday , Friday and Saturday constitute the market days. The purchases for Sun day are made Saturday Availing. On those days , at certain hours , the streets surrounding the market are cut oft from public travel and nro occupied by moveable stalls. So great is the de mand for room , that not only the three blocks where the market house is situ ated , but also tin extra square at each end is iillod with booths , wagons and hand-carts. In this space then , extend ing for flvo blocks , nro shown almost every variety of edible products. Of course , outside of the market house , the different wares are located promiscu ously , but within the building an at tempt at classification is made. The center aisle is almost wholly devoted to use us u meat market , and the meat stalls are larger than the others. About ono-half of the building towurd the west is set apart for the Hah and crab dealers. This portion is supplied with long tables , upon which the fish is piled. Many line specimens of differ ent varieties may be seen lioro each market day. In season , hard and soft crabs , tarrapins and other delicacies may bo obtained. The stalls belong ing to dealers In other kinds of goods are scattered about on the two ; side nislca in the rest of the building. Qoro may bo found dealers in confectionery , fruit , vegetables , pickols , jellies , but ter and eggs , choose , preserved meats , flowers , broad , pastry and many other things. There is the cocoanut and niddish-grindor , the Italian with his fruit stand , and the old woman with her pie. But , in fact , a line lot of goods are displayed. Some butchers make a specially of Chicngo dressed moat , which is preferred only by those who consider its cheapness. In the fruit department all the varie ties grown in this neighborhood are shown in vast quantities. Bunannas and other tropical fruits are cheap , as they are brought hero by water direct. California fruit is not generally seen and commands high prices by reason of the cost of transportation. At present there Is a great quantity of chosluuta on the market. These are gathered in the immediatevicinity. . Though this is the homo of the" oyster , strange enough none are hold at the market , probably for the reason that the Indies would not wish to carry thorn home in a basket. Saturday evening is the tlmo to soothe the market in full blast. Quo can with clilllciilty elbow his way through the struggling throng. lie is pushed from ono side to the other , at the same time causing his ribs to come into frequent contact with the many market baskets. Otio of those is carried by everyone who goes marketing and when full is often sent homo by seine colored boy who stands about waiting for sucli jobs. By use of the market system the greater part of the inhabitants of Baltimore lira fur nished with their subsistence It hun not entirely superseded the "grcon gro cery , " for stores on the general plan nro scattered through the city. Those gon- ornlly keep a little of everything ; meat , vegetables , and staple groceries , Of course nil fancy or canned goods must bo obtained ut places making those things a specialty , The description of Lexington market will answer for the others except that they are conducted on a much smaller scnlo and have not so good an arrangement. Still the Broadway street market is about the same sl/.o , but catcra to a lower class of trade , In the other places leas business ia dona and consequently a Birmllqr va riety | y ofl'orod for one's choice. ViOTOIl