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About Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922 | View Entire Issue (June 3, 1888)
THE OMAHA "DAILY BEE : SUNDAY JUNE 3. ISSa-SIXTEEN PAGES. " * t H JIM OF HUMAN BADNESS , 5 Vended In Docolt Upon the Streets v. , . of Omaha. TrlE VOICE OF CONDEMNATION. f MW Chemical Analysis of a Draco of Samples. - _ _ THE USELESS LACTOMETER. ' Opinion of the Same by Inspectors Fair and Hlckstoin. 1 _ _ _ _ _ , CITY INSPECTION WORTHLESS Klngrnnt Vlolnllun of Imw With tin ' JMcoiis of HrltiuliiK tlio Deceit ful Milkmen to I'linUh- 'J incut. > - * Milk. Milk enters In n variety of forms Into the illct of tliu clvlllml world. It supports us In infancy nml Invigorates us In old ngc. It Is onu of the greatest gifts of imtutu ami no gift has over been more highly appreciated by the average hummi , save possibly , lifo itholf. Upon I thus acpendcd the licaltti of generations which have passed away and upon It still depends the licaltti of genera tlons which arc yet to bo born. That such ft gift , such a blessing should be appreciated to the end that it may have upon mankind , the effect Intended by providence , will not read lly bo denied ; yet so far from bciriK so ap preciated , unfortunately , there Is but too much reason to bcltovo that what was in tended as a blessing has , by the greed or mor tals , been turned into a curse. To-day , for the purpose of determining the latter point , TIIU llni : addresses itself to u consideration of the subject of milk in this city , viewing It from the standpoint of the consumer , the physician , the public ofllccr and the scientist. These views will bo found below. They have been reproduced in a spirit of fairness with n view to warn the people of the danger they are incurring , the risk they are running ana tbo necessity of taking steps for immediate reform. The conclusion to be drawn from this show ing , especially In view of the recent discov ery tnat there arc , possibly , In every herd , diseased cows , the milk of which bhouUt not bo used , is that the milk consumer is at the mercy of the unscrupulous dairyman am : inlllc peddler , and that the present laws ani others yet to bo enacted ought to bo em ployed to aflord him the desired relief. It i shown : That few people who get milk f ron peddlers believe the same to be pure ; that lactometers arc not capable of recording adulterations ; that unscientific men should not bo weighted with the authority of in Hpcctors ; that millions of gallons of adulter ated milk must have been sold in ttiis city , and that only thirty-live gallons have been destroyed ; that violators of the law liavo not been punished , and that a bolter system of Inspection with a chemist and wholesome laws arc required to enable eitl/ens to obtain what they pay for good , wholcsomo milk. Tlio iMIlk Condemned. The following arc n few of the views of cltl/cns gleaned by DEI : reporters eon- cerning the sale of milk in this city. Mnnj more might bo reproduced , but the sub joined will bo found ample to represent every chiss of the community , with tlio cxceptioi of these who keep their own cows or pro cure milk from neighbors which tnoy know Is sold them n few hours after milidng. So general is the dissatisfaction with peddlers' milk that almost every family which can af ford to support one , maintains a cow of its own. .1. G. Willis Wo always milk our own cows ueloro they dry up. We always sup posed it to uo a fixed fact that milkmen's ' milk is adulterated. AVe feel it and the children feel it. too. The milk is adulter ated , but there is no reason why it should be. C. V. Gallagher The milk I use is only middling , but I've been taking it from the party thirteen years. I've taken it so long , because I don't think I can do better any other place , lint the milk ought to bo in spected and brought up to the standard. A meat Inspector cannot bo a good inspector of milk on the sense of smell alone. A Former Milk Man 1 know all about this business. 1 was secretary of a dairy asso ciation and all they used to do was to skim the milk and thuu bell the remainder. They woiild.milk early in the afternoon , send it down by the lirst train , put it in water boxes over night , and next moinlng those big cans would bo covered with cream. The cream would bo skimmed and the milk sold. They would do the same thing in the morning , that is milk at early daylight , send it down to town with the lirst train , put it in the box. leave it rest u few hours , take the cream oft it and deliver that milk to customers in the evening. Thut's what the ualry did. Some private consumers do the same thing , though they may do a gi eat deal worse too A Taxpayer Omaha must have recourse to some other means of Inspecting milk. Kcally , 1 don't think she Inspects it at all. Every milk dealer should be licensed and his wagon numbered. There should bo a city chemist. There should also bu an inspector who would be at liberty to bamplo tlio milk of dealers at will , have it analy/ed. and if found adulterated , ho should have the offender arrested and lined. That would give us honest milk. Colonel Pratt I am taking milk from u neighbor who has u couple of tows , and I got very good milk , Hut I liavo taken it from n professional dairyman , and the milk was ulna at night and morning. Next day there would bo a little yellow scum on thn top , but my wife wouldn't use either it or the milk. W. 11. Gates We are getting pretty good milk now , but I've noticed that when u mull is new on the route , his milk is good and the people change ott to him , but after a time tils milk shows adulteration. That's been my experience. John W. Hussnll What kind of milk am I getting/ / Why slush. It's worhu than slop. Wo'vo been getting milk from two fellows , and wo can't half keep It over night. 1 told my wife to t > co if something couldn't bo done with tlie stuff. She boiled it and then the stuff turned into curds , What are wo doing now I Why , wo are nut using milk at all. Wo can't get decent milk and 1 don't want anything as a consequence quence , Dr. Stcphenson In New York and other large oltles they have a great deal of dilll- rulty in getting pure milk , notwithstanding thuy have Inspectors , but here , 1 think wu ran consular our milk fair. John Templeton Wo got fair milk some times , and at others milk that is pretty thin. What can one do about Ui C'hlot tialllgnn I'm getting cream now. I've got a Jersey , but she's out In the coun try now , lint I was getting milk , and it was | Kor milk , too , U was like chalk water. Andrew Hiloy 1 was noticing it this morn ing and 1 told my wife It was pretty thin. It stands over night and no cream rises on It. I guess there Isn't ' much milk in it , J , T. Hell I'm not keeping house now , but I can tell you that in a month from now the fields these city herds are feeding upon won't have us much nutrition In them as you can IIml on that pavement there. I see it every daj , because I am driving through and over the fields grazing is done in every day. He- hides , cattle got so warm that they run to the btJgnant pools they can find , and then stand , cool off and drink the water with its green bcum. Such tnllk must be unwholesome , and the sale ought to bo rcgulutcd. I'm glad to sco TIIK Hec stirring up the matter. Councilman Hailey The milk I'm getting is pretty fair , but I don't know whom we are getting it from. The man before him sold us horrible stuff , I've always been iv.xuitomed to keoplng n cow of my own , I used to tether her with a rope acouplo of hundred feet umty in u pasture , and then wo hud excellent milk. I didn't know what | > cople had to put uplth till I commenced to get milk from u milkman. Our milk portion U very poor , tud If tbo intpcctar iloct not mulfu a. belter KIELLEY , SIIGKER & ; CO. r j CORNER DODGE AND ! FIFTEENTH STREETS. C L SPECIAL SALE OF EMBROIDERIES ! Wo have taken advantage of the vciy dull business with Now York im porters , in consequence of the contin ued rainy weather , nnd Imvo purchased from one of the "LARGEST" at greatly reduced prices , balance of spring im portation , consisting of edgings , llounclngs , skirtings , all ovorsotc. , etc. 45-INCH SWISS' EMBROIDERED SKIRTINQS. 4.r-INCH SWISS SKIRTING , with embroidery work 31 inehi's deep , atSoc , worth Sl.liO. 45-INCH SWISS KMUROIDKRED SKIRTING , beautiful designs.embrold- crcd very deep , at Ooc , worth from $1.25 to $1.45. 45-INCH SWISS TCMIJROIDERED SKIRTING , embroidery work itU inches deep , beautiful designs , at $1.15 , worth $1.40 to $1.W. ( 45-INC'H SWISS EMBROIDERED SKIRTING in all the latest and choice designs , comprising striped and band olfect , lace revering , etc. , etc. , at $1.12/5 / , $1.7 ! ! , $1.60 , $1.W ( , $1.75 , $1.8-5 , $ i)0 ! ( ) , $2.15 , $2.25 , $2.50. $2.75 , $3.00 , fci.25 , $4.25. 45-INCH IRISH. POINT Embroidered Skirting , in all the latest designs.atastonishingly low prices. 25-INCH PIQUE Embroidered Skirtings 225 INCH SWISS AND NAINSOOK Embroider'd Flouncing just the correct thing for childrons Krotchen dressesotc. , all the latest and dainty designs , with striped and band effects , lace revering , etc. . etc. , at 42c , fiOc , GOc , 76c , 85c$1.00 , $1.10. $1.15.$1.25 , $1.3-3 , $1.50 , $1.75 , $2.00. 221 INCH PIQUE Embroider'd Flouncing These arc very stylish , and particu larly adapted for chaldron's kilt skirts , and very durable $1.00 and $1.10. HAMBURG EMBROIDERIES ! 2,500 yards HAMBURG EMBROID ERIES , from lito.ti Inches wide , line cambric and perfect needlework , Sic , worth 12c. } 2,000 ynrds Hamburg embroideries , from 2J to 7 inches wide , line cntnbrlo nnd perfect needlework , loc , worth from 2lc ) to 23c. 1.500 yards Hamburg embroideries from -H to 11 inches wide , line cambric and perfect needlework , 2ocworth from 30c to 40c. SPECIAL SALE ! All Next Week. * 42-1NCII BLACK CHANTILLY _ FLOUNCINGS , French manufactures , all bilk , at $1.20 , $1.25 , $1.45 , $1.55 , $1.87$2.15.2.25$2.50 , $3.25 , $3.8-5 , $3.00 , $4.00. 42-INCH BLACK PURE SILK v Chantilly Flouncings" Lyons make , thread finish , exquisite designs , $4.253.25 , $0.25 , $7.25. 42-INCH BLACK SPANISH Guipuire Flouncings , French manufacture , "all bilk , $1.10 , $1.40 , $1.75 , $2.15 , $2.83 , $3.37 , $3.8-5 , $4.25. 100 pieces of all wool Dress Goods , 40 and 42 Inches wide , Double fold , recent ly sold at 45c , oOc , GOc , ana 75c. Monday morning wo shall place the entire loton center counter , at the uniform an rldic ulous price of 30c. Bargains in our Cloak Department. To close the stock of Beaded Wraps in the store , wo will sell Beudcd Wrap for $ O.GO , former pi-ice $10.00. The wrap wo have been selling at $11.00 , now $8.80. Our $13.50 wrap for $10.00. A wrap that has inet with great favor at $17.00 wo now olTcr for $12.05. An elegant Beaded Wrap , dull jet , which has been considered cheap at $19.00 , our price Is now $14.85 Wo have another shipment of those handsome embroidered Drap de-cti Fedius knotted bilk fringe , than which i there is no more popular wrap forbummcr wear , Our prices arc $3.15 , $4.00 , $5.00 , $5.50 , $0.00 , $7.00 , $7.50 , $8.00 , $9.00 , $10.00 , $12.00 , $15.00 , and $10.50. Our block of Jerboys .is1' ' complete. Includ ing Blacks , Golxiljn , Blues , Terra ( Jottn , and Cream. Otuvtprices "arc from 05 cents $1.00 , SI..10 to $4.50. PARASOLS ! Monday nnd nil this week wo will odor an elegant line of parasols in changeable moire , plaids and checks nt remarkable low prices. 100 Indies' coaching parasols In plain satin with handsome sticks , assorted colors , at $1.00 , real value $1.40. 100 Indies' black satin lace trimmed parasols , with paragon frame and as sorted natural sticks , at $1.76 , worth $2.50. 75 coaching parasols , all silk satin , with heavy English sticks , paragon frame and gold-tipped wires , in blacks , tans , cardinals , navies and biJal browns , at $3.15 , worth $1.00. 100 Indies' fancy inolro silk parasols with solid prngon : ! frame and beautiful English Micks in all the very latest shades , at $1.10 , real value $1.75. SUN UMBRELLASI 150 ladies' 2t-lnch ! ' 'Gloria" silk um brellas with paragon frame and assorted natural sticks , at $1.05 , good value for $2.00. 1GO ladies' 20-inch "Gloria" silk um brellas with paragon frame , with an elegant iibbortmont of silver mounted sticks , at $2.15 , worth $3.00. 200 ladies' 2-inch ( ! all-pure silk um brellas with paragon frame and fancy natural sticks. WARRANTED to givb good wear , only $2.05 , worth $3.50. SILK MITTS. 50 do/on ladies' all-pure silk mitts in plain jerseys or lace designs , blacks and colors , nt 20c. worth 30c. 00 dozen ladies' all-puro sick mitts in plain jersey or lace patterns , black tans and creams , all at 25c , worth 3"4c. 50 do/on Indies'English Milanese silk jersey mitts , with 4 strand embroidered backs , warranted to wear and keep the shape , in black tans and modcb , for 50c , worth 0-5c. HOSIERY ! Wo have a full line of the celebrated brand , "ONYX STAINLESS BLACK , " at 50c , ( iOc and 75c. 100 do/.en ladies' brilliant lise thread hose , all full regular made and war ranted fast colors , in blacks , grays , modes and tans , only 39c , worth C'Jc. SOME OF THE Best Bargains Ever Offered in MEN'S Summer Underwear. SocMons'Kcnl Balbrlggan Undershirts , long or short alcoves , reduced from l/io. / JWc Mons'.Ican Drawers nicely made and finished , In nil sizes , reduced from ( We. 48e Mons' Fine HalbrigRan Shirts and Drawers , nicely imido and llni shed reduced from 5c. 50c Mens1 French Balbrlgvnn Shirts and Drawers , in fancy stripcsnnd brown mixed reduced jrom 7 < 5c. 6c ! ) Mens' Heal French Balbrltfgan Shirts and Drawers , extra good val ue ; this is our ! ( ( ) c quality. 7oc. Mens' Fine French Balbripgan Shirts and Drawers , regular made , this is our regular $1.00 quality. Wo have extra large sizes in Mons' Un derwear , 413.14. . 4(1 ( and 48. Mens' Half Hose. loe. Mens' llenl Hritish Half Hose , full regular made , all sizes ; reduced from "oc , 18c. Mons' Fine Silk Clocked Ualhrig- gan Half Hose ; regular price . ' ! 5c. JJ5c. Metis' Two Thread Seamless Lisle Half Hobo ; never bold for less than 45e. Mens'White Shirts 49c. Mens' White Unlaundried Shirts ; made of good muslin , linen bosom , this lot of shirts are worth 7flc. 7oc. Mons' White Unlaundried Shirts , made of Now York mills muslin , all linen bosom ; every shirt will lit per fect ; regular price $1.00. New Neckwear. i25c. Wo show the largest line of Four-in Hand Ties , and Took Scarfs ever offered , all now and choice styles , well worth oOc. COc. Now Style Four-in-IIand Ties , and Teck Scarfs , at this price we show the tlncbt nockweur , worth $1.00. Silk Umbrellas. $2.05. Fine silk Umbrellas paragon frame , with Gold Tipped Handles , well worth $ ; U)0. Mens' driving ; ind street Gloves. We have an endless variety , atourubiuil prices. Corner Dodge and Fifteenth. Street. ' j inspector ( if meat tbnn bo docs of milk , bo is very poor Indeed. The wbolo law regarding tbo milk business onlit ( to bo changed. It is awfully defective. There ought to bo n sys tem of inspection , nnd all tbo milk consumed in tbo city ouglit to go tbrougb Unit inspec tion before It is sold. But then , there arc milkmen who sell In all parts of tbo city , and almost tbo moment they get into tbo city. It would perhaps bo difllcult to make them nil coino to ono place , but something of the kind ought to be ilonc , because , I tell you , it is pretty hard to pay for what is almost nil water. Dr. Edmlston I know tbo milk of the city lias been very poor. Wo liavo never bad but ono man who gave us decent milk that left any mark upon the glass as if milk bad been in it. Wo liavo had milkmen who gave us milk which left a wliito sediment in the bottom tom of the glass. I don't know what tlio sediment was , whether chalk or starch , be- c.uiso I didn't analyze it. G..Crcsswcll I ntu strongly of the opinion that the milk inspection of Omaha is a farce. To begin with , it is not in the hands of scion- title men. How can other than n scientist do tlio work of a scientist ? Besides , lundcrstand the milk inspector is also inspector of meat. You cannot llnd an intelligent man who will not my that , in a city of tins sue , a meat inspector specter lias all ho ouglit to do to look alter meat and leave milk to homo other person. Valentino Nock I don't know anything nbout it n.ysclf , but I know my wife scolds about tbo milk and s lys it's no good. Fritz Wnltois Wo send twice a day nnd get llrst-class milk with cream from people who live near us. Before that , I took milk from a dealer. It was chalk , anyway I didn't want to glvo it to the children. Kobcrt Easson 1 get my milk from n Ger man family who live right near me , and it Is jest as good as if it were from a cow of my own. I was going to buy 11 cow , but I can get the kind of milk I want where I am get ting it now. It is richt that Tin : BII : : should take hold of the intention. Hen Gallagher Wo Imvo our own cow , and consequently do not depend upon milk dealers. The milk question is an important one , especially for children , and should re ceive attention. The moment it docs , over.\ mother will take hold of it and make her husband do something to nITord the relief that is needed. Councilman Manville 1 have been getting nearly sixteen years from the same dairy , though the place has changed bauds several times. The milk 1ms generally boon good , though a month ago it was pretty thin , blue , and gave no cream. Now it is bettor. I'll tell you ono tiling , if you newspaper men knew how herders treated rows , you'd inukn aliow ) about their cars. I live near where thcso cows are pstured nnd I've seen so much cruelty -COWH with udders full of milk driven at lull CM it with milk spouting from them on each sido. I tell you , it pains me to see these animals abused , to see. n cow that gives up her milk so gently , to bo lushed with big long whips. Yes , if Tnu lir ! : undertakes to reform tbo milk outrages , be cause there are numbers of cases requiring attention , I'll help In the matter in the coun cil , < Jas Inspector Gilbert I liavo ti Jersey. I paid $ " > for her when she was nix months old. She gives coed milk. Ono of tbo great est outrages I know of on cattle occurred with a South Omaha milkman. Ho rented a farm for pasture near mo and put in some cows there. Three of them dropped calves nnd tin-so wcro taken away , and the cows loft to suffer torture with udders almost bursting with milk. A hired girl of mlno went out and it was only with a great deal of diniailty wornught three of the animals and milked them to givn them relief. I let ono of my cows go to-day to n relative of mine who claimed that the milk ho was get ting was almost until for use. lr O. S. Wood -I never recommend cowb1 milk for children under my care. I recom mend artificial food and condensed milk from Massachusetts and Switzerland. Why ! Uo- cause tbo cows hero feed on tlio streets and llclds on everything. They feed on a thou sand and ono weens , and their milk cannot bo wholesome. Why , on tbo prairies und on tbo roadside they cat those gympsum weeds , nnd these are rank poison. The milk coming from them must be unisonous. Cows don't feed in that way In Massachusetts and m other places. Horu they feed on everything , Adulterated milk I Why , the milk wo get la hero from many places is an imposition. It won't raUo cream , It sours , and you can't get any good out of it. Complaints liavo frequently boon made to me , but 1 have no use for cow's milk for th j reason I Imvo given you. I tell you this adulterated milk U on outrage. The man who U xullty of U ought to go to pilsnn. A ( life is of no cense quence. If ho can pay a line bv sell ing his adulterated stuff , ho will continue his work of adulteration. Why , tirjf water had * to bo Bold as milk has to bo sold it would bo adulter ated. Everything that the American1 ; sell is adulterated. It is done to make a few paltry dolhm at the expense of the people. Adul terated milk stunts the growth of children , although there are some children who can outlive it. Farmers understand it. They know that they cannot htunt the growth of a calf or colt without making him stunted ever after nnd conseuucntly take great care to make their young stock strong and healthy. But that is not the cuse with children. Tlicro is really more atten tion paid to the growth of stock than there is to babies. Milk is the most essential food of our generation. Wo cannot get along with out it , yet it is adulterated , but the man who udultciates it ouglit to go to prison. Another Doctor Milk is absolutely neces sary for our being. To prove it you anil I have only to go back to the time when wo were six months old. Up to that time wo had subsisted on milkunit very thin milk , too , be cause human milk is thinnest of all. It is per haps two-thirds thinner than that of animal life. You can take one spoonful of milk and add to it two spoons of water and then it will ba us strong as human milk. Water in milk is not necessarily injurious. Nor is it alwuys a proof of adulteration. To-day Uuddy in this corner may liavo less water in her milk than Hlaekie in that corner , but to-morrow the conditions may be reversed. It depends upon the food and circumstances of the cows. The quality of their milk is not always the same. II it was there might bo such a thing as getting too much of a thing which was really good in itsolt. The greatest objection to adulterated milk is that one does not get what ho pays for. and now I appreciate the fact that 'milk is necessary for the human being is really tlio only thing upon which a man may subsist without other food for u longtime , and which is capable of sustaining the human organism. Only chemists' can tell the extent and varictv of its adulteration and even then without being able to show conclusively that these adulterations are deleterious , because you know people can tuko deadly drugs in certain quantities with out killing themselves. A Surgeon Pure and wholesome milk can only bo obtained from healthy and well fed cows. Milk if not properly handled may become - come impure nnd tainted. B.y keeping it in fllthy barns nnd sheds It sonii becomes tainted. Milk may become a currier of con tagious diseases if kept In looms where ills- ease is known to exist. It is a well estab lished fact that milk ruadily absorbs all germs floating in tlio air ot nick rooms , and then If used will transmit dlscaso or death to the consumer. The results are especially serious among children. The milk from Kick COWH , especially that taken from Mich as may bo suffering with tuberculosis ( con sumption ) is probably tlio most dangerous , and It is believed that the seeds of disease and death uro frequently transmitted by It. To prevent the sale of milk from diseased an imals , It is absolutely necessary to Imvo all dairies under strict supervision , and to cause n careful inspection of all dairy cattle to bs made1 at frenuent Interval * , by a competent veterinarian , who should liavo au thority to qiiarnnllua and destroy , if nccospary , such diseased cattle. The provulliiiK pystom of Inspection if useful at all Is only to the extent of detect ing adulterations and exposing fraud. The lactometer as an instrument for testing milk , cannot bo relied upon , because several In gredients can hi ) added with watcrthat would make it register correctly. U is , however , a useful instrument It used In connection with n rrcamomctcr , und is of some use to the chemist In malting an analysis. Dr. 0. Hosewater--Thls Is u subject worthy of most careful consideration , and ono which concerns every man , woman and child In our city. The possibility and liability of transmit ting disease from the animal to man through the milk has been well Known for a long time. Not only tuberculosis and pleuro-pncu- uionin , but also the much mor < dreaded dis eases , diphtheria ami scarlet fever , liavo been communicated by the milk of a cow similarly affected. To avoid such occurrences in our city it Is absolutely necessary that the board of hcaltl. take proper hold of this matter and cause an examination of the milk dispensed by each and every dealer to bo made by u competent person , and also u periodical exam ination of tlio animals from which this milk is obtained , tliu character of their food , the hcalthfulncss of their sur roundings : for upon all thcso circumstances depends the Illness of their milk as food. Animals which are diseased should bo Isolated nnd their milk not used under any circumstances. The animals wnoso milk is used should be properly fwl and housed In clean , healthy stalls. In order to bo still more safe all milk should bo boileJ before Using , as boiling destroys the vitality of the .majority of diseasd germs. The adulteration u ! the milk supply , by various chemicals or tbo addition of water cm be easily detected by a person thoroughly conversant with the subject , aim in the possession of the proper appliances. The < Jlicinist'H Analyhis. Several dajs ago Tin : Bun submitted to the chemist , whoso.juime will bo found ap pended to the following documents two sam ples of milk , purchased from vendors en tirely unknown , at the time of the purchase , to TiiiBiireiresentativewho : , was entrusted with the work of procuring the samples. One of thcso purchases was made on South Thirteenth street from a dealer who had a wagon full of small cans and whoso team was being driven sit a rapid rate of speed , when lirst seen , as if in haste to cover a large and remunerative route of cus tomers. The milk was purchased just as the vendor was about to leave his wagon with a measure of milk for a customer. Tlio ven dor's dairy is south of the city and his iiuino is known in tins olllcc. The analysis of his milk will bo found under exhibit A. Tlio milk of exhibit Ji was bought on Hurt street , cant of Twentieth , and from a vendor who had Just reached his wagon after having supplied a customer. hi the third olumii , umter the caption of "Standard , " appeals an exhibit of the aver age percentage attained in a number of an alyses us to what constitutes purn and whole some milk. Neither of the samples com pares with it in all respects , yet exhibit U comes the nearer of the two , whllo Exhibit A shows that It had been skimmed before the dealer started out with it to sell to his customers. From the interviews published above there is littledoubt , that the milk found in Exhibit A is the milk complained of by thousands of consumers in this city. A larger number of analyses would servo but to emphasise this fact , but the almost gen eral condemnation of the lacteal lluid which him been made to Tin : BII : : man the past fnw days ; the number of private people who suppjrt their own COWH , and the equally large number who buy milk at special high rates from neighbors , uould seem to render more numerous analyses unnecessary. The following in the report : Analytical Laboratory Omaha Medical College , Omaha , Neb. , Juno : ! , IShS. Edward Uosewater , Esq. , Kditor of Tin : BBI : , Omaha , 4Jcb. Dear Sir : 1 have made n chemical examination of two samples of milk received from you through the hands of ono of your representatives and Una them to con tain as follows , per cent : Exhibit Exhibit Stand- A B aril Water 63.0(1 Ki.75 87.5'J Huttorfnt 1.7JI H.OT a.lK ) Casein and milk sugar. 'J.III H.'JT S.bO Ash 1.11 1.31 0.70 Total HXl.OO 100.1)0 ) 100.00 Total solids 12.00"H.25 1250 Hi-action to Test Papers Exhibit A. : Slightly acid. Exhibit B , : Alkaline. Stand ard : Alkaline. U. H. P. . I'lTov , Ph. D. , Analytical and Consulting Chemist , Omaha Medical College. i\ri. : \\ATIOX. Milk is the typical food for animals , human nnd brute , containing- it does , thu carbon aceous ( heatgivingoleaginous ) , ( respira tory ) , nitrogenous , ( jjcsh-forming ) , salts or nsh , ( bono forming ) , und water in correct proportions and In n condition easily assimil able oven by the most delicate constitution. Thu milk of the cow , when placed on the market , fahold bo slightly alkaline und con tain not less than twelve and one-half per cent of total solids , < l-3i per cent ) , three ( , ' ) ) of which should bo butter fat. It , however , varies greatly according to the length of tluio since parturition as well as In the actual pro- eoss of milking ; tnat , immediately after par turition being veVy watry , a condition suit able to the newly born calf , but gradually , for a coi tain length of time , becoming richer in the other elements. Again , wo llnd , whilst milking , that the portion of milk lirst drawn from the udder is poorer in quality than the intermediate portion , the last , sometimes called "stripplngs" being richest of till , es pecially from stall-fed cattle. Still again , wo notice variety in quality when the animal is changed from stall-fed to pasture and great euro nas to bo taken of the cattle par ticularly when removed to fresh grass in the early spring , In order to maintain the good quality of the milk. Another point of Importance is that if it bo a considerable length of time since the ani mal has given birth to progeny , the milk will bo thin and waterv , unable to give true vital ity to the child , Without doubt the iworoly- fed animal cannot produce good , healthy , in vigorating milk , hence onu objection to the use of swill milk. A diseased animal will give tnllk really In a state of purefactlon , therefore its product should at once bo des- tioyed. No ono tan object to a healthy beef- stake ; yet , if the material lias bccauio in the least way putrid , it would be extremely im prudent to iniiko use of it , and the same way with milk. Not only can disease bo commu nicated from the products of the lower ani mals to the human from the sickness of the brute , but it is also the fact that , if there bean an infectious disease in the family of the dairyman , the milk , on cooling , is extremely liable to absorb the poisonous germs of that trouble. The milker , for instance , may be in the desquamating stage of some eruptive dis ease and , whilst manipulating the udder , allow some of the scales to fall into the milk. Would any one bo surprised that these who drank that milk wcro taken sick ) Such cases have occurred often. Again , cattle fed on u meadow irrigated with the sewerage of a town disseminates many diseases. In explanation of the ubovo table permit mete to say that u pure milk should bo slightly al kaline to test papers. I llnd that the one marked A is the reverse. The total solids should Do at least 12 } per cent. Letter A does not comu up to that standard. The casein or cheesy portion , is composed of several albuminous bodies and gives rise largely to the color of milk. When this de- decomposes , we find the yellow stringy masses floating as n curd on the surface of the liquid it is the nitrogenous part of the compound which should on no account show itself. If it does so then the liquid has be come sour , curdled , nnd must not bo given to children , seeing that it 1ms changed from the soluble albumen into the insoluble albumen. The milk-sugar gives the sweetness and the hoat-makiin. ' properties to milk , but when decomposition takes place it is converted , with the casein , into saccharic and lactic acids ; cither of which will cause acidity of the stomach and diarrlucie troubles in the young. The ash represents the inorganic material contained in the milk and is the bone-forming portion thereof. Jn genuine milk we expect to llnd 7-10 per cent. Both of these samples hold somewhat morn , that , however , may bo fiom the quality of water the animals or the Jars may have been supplied with. The water is of necessity there , seeing that the human economy is very largely built of it , but not of milk ana water. On the whole letter B is an excellent sample , whilst I must object to letter A , partially bceauso of its hick of total solids , chlolly because it does not contain enough butter fnt , my opinion being that It has been skimmed. H. S. G. I'ATON , I'h. D. , Analytical ami Consulting Chemist. Professor of Chemistry , Omaha Medical College. Tlio Inspector * ' Kvcnso. 'llieip aio two milk Inspectors in Omaha , Fred Hickntcin and William Fnrr. Both of thcso have been seen and without attempt nt evasion told about the defective method em ployed to detect adulterated milk , ritii : ) Illl'KnTKIV. Mr. Hiekstem is a little man with n smil ing countenance und an honest expression. Ho answered all the questions propounded almost without reserve , and there was some thing in his manner that created the im pression that ho did not euro to conceal any thing relating to the inspection In question which the visitor sought to ascertain , MAN'l MII.K Ml\ , At the outset , ho stated it was impossible to reach all the milk dealers and more es pecially to examine all the milk they brought to the market. The latter came from all parts of the city mid surrounding country among the places being Blair , Mills Station , Calhoun , Waterloo , Cretnn , Forest City , Millard , Bellevue and other places. Be sides , the moans of testimony , the lactometer was not worth a row of pins. It showed the specillo gravity of the milk and approxi mately the amount of water in a given quan tity but it could not tell of the other adulter ations. If sugar wcro put into the milk the lactometer would not show it. To discover that anil other ingredients would require u chemist and , Mr. Illekstein modestly ad mitted ho was not such a gentleman. Ho was u meat inspector and had been a butcher but was in no way quulillcd by experience or education to go farther in the Inspection of milK than ho could go with the aid of the lactometer. Ho had been taluing with Dr. Ed- miston and had told that gentleman who is now in Now Yorlc , to try and get a more per fect tester. Ho said that in u few days , ho expected to hear whether or not the doctor had been successful. TIIU I.lCTOMETKIl. Mr. Hlckstoin then produced his lactome ter , which was in a wooden box wrapped up carefully In a largo cloth. The instrument is simple in construction , consisting of a glass bulb about an inch in diameter. This , by means of a narrow neck is attached to u tube about ono inch in diameter rind live inches in length. Attached to this tube is a smaller ono slightly thicker than that of tbo average thermometer. Within this tnbo is u graduated scale printed on paper , the de grees ranging from zero to I'M. The latter degree Is immediately above the larger tube , the former at the other extremity of the smaller one. The bulb contains u number of fine shot , tins gives weight to the instrument and sinks it when it is to be placed in milk which is to bo tested. If the lactometer sinks only to the degreu indicated by 120 , Mr. Hickstein says that this fact shows that the milk is exceedingly pure. If the instrument drops no further than 1K ( ) , the milk is said to be still pure , Its purity , however , decreasing as thu tester .sinks in the liquid. TIIO fMi.iss I.VSTIU VEST. Mr. Hickstein repeated that if the milk were adulterated with certain substances , the lactometer would sink anyway but , by no means tell the kind of milk it was testing. In response to a question as to how and when he used his tester , Mr. Hickstein said that ho had no regular time or method. If ho was going along the street and saw a milk wagon , ho jumped up into it put his lactome ter to work. If the milk he tested was considered all right , he let the venders drive ofT. I'licTTV noon MII.K. "I find the milk pretty good , " said Mr. Hickstein , "but you sec I've also got to in spect about l-IO markets , that is William Fan- and I do. He has sixty and I do too. Farnuni street is the dividing line ; ho takes Bouth of it nml I north of it. Well fed cows give good milk but these which are poorly fed give poor milk. " "Havo you ever traced milk to a diseased cow and then killed the animal ( " Mr. Hlckstoin said that ho had not. " 1 had an understanding with Dr. Gerth that if I found a cow that required killing I should notify him. I would like to say that I don't think there are many diseased cow.s In this county. I examined aiX ) yesterday ( Wednesday ) and 150 to-day , and didn't find any. But now I must wait for Dr. Oerth , who bus been called oft" some other place. The dairymen around hero are having their cattle examined. Stu- bon , who has about eighty cows , had his ex amined to-day. " I'owr.m.nss IN Tim SIIAMIII.KS. "Aro yon permitted to go to the stock yards nnd prevent the sulo of diseased cows to shut off the supplv of Impure milk I" "I can go into the slaughter houses of the city and prevent the sale of diseased meat , but I cannot at the stock yards. " "Why , are they not within three miles of the city limits j" "Yes , but they Imvo a city of their own In South Omaha , and 1 can not do anything there. But some of the proprietors of the packing houses down thcro gave mo permis sion to go through their houses , but I can't do anything. There are not many sick cows there anyway. Sometimes ono breaks her legs In the cars. Well , If she's killed In a few hours the break doesn't injure. But if she lies thcro for twenty-four hours she's likely to got feverish because of her nervous ness and fretting. " itccii'K roil Returning to the subject of adulterations , Mr. Illekstein said that ho had been trying to find out a certain party who hud approached preached some milkmen in this city , mid of fered to sell them for > ( ) a recipe for "mak ing" milk , in other words , adulter ating it. Ono of these milkmen was Mr , Littlellold. of Saratoga , The recipe was for a composition two thirds milk , tliu rest adulterations. The mutter was referred by Mr. Littlellcld to Mr. Hick stein. but the latter hail not yet discovered the Inventor of the compound. Mr. Hick' stein said that oven if two-thirds of the milk were pure , there would bo sufllclent Induce ment for the adulteration of the renaining third to the dairyman who did not want to bo honest. HOW TO TUI.I , IT. Mr. Hlckstcin saiJ that there was a good and easy way to tell doctored milk. Uood milk discolored the glass , whllo adulterated milk streaked It in places , nnd milk which had been sugared left littm spots a\nn \ the glass. It was a mistake to say that chalk and starch wcro used in adulterating milk. Both of these ingredients weald settle and tell the tale , WtNTS \ Clir.MIST. Admitting the valueless nature of tbo lactometer as n means of discovering adulter ated milk , thu inspector favored the appoint ment of a chemist , whoso duty it should bo to examine all milk brought to him for that purpose bv special policemen who might seize milk for that purpose anywhere ; that would bo the only means of ascertaining where there wcro violations of the law. OIlAtS AMI 8TAI.I , 1T.H. "Ho.w much milk is consumed daily in Omaha I" Mr. Hickstein said ho could not tell. "How many milk venders . -.ire there In Omaha J" was asked. Mr. II. hesitated. "I thmk thei-o arc about ono hundred , " he mid finally. "Docs thut Include tlio raws jn the city which are fed In stalls urn ) On brewer * 'grnlnn1 and distillery Mtvpl" "Those are nearly nil out on crnw noWy But country nnd city cows are fed on both grains nnd grass. 1 consider brewery malt very wholesome. I know It Is used as far south as Bellovuo. " ' MrTTiTrr. William Farr , the second meat nnd milk inspector , resides on n height on South Twenty-third street , which Is half enbowcred in the greenwood which flourishes In that neighborhood. Ho Is n pleasant faced gentleman nml seems to bo both reliable anil comfortably situated. Ho dots his til's with an h. "Wo cannot do much In Inipcctlnp nillkt' ho said , "with our present tester. Milkmen can get the same testers at n plnco In this town for nbout 6(1 ( cents , nnd with thcso they can test their milk themselves before they go out nnd servo their patrons. " A inn nicirn. : "There Is ono man hero who hai been around selling recipes milkmen , telling thi'in how to ninko milk , " "Without the use of uillk ! " "Yes. The rcclpo cnlls for glyccrlno , sugar , tnblo salt and annntto and the fellow has tried to sell It to it number of our dnlfy- men Ho nsltcd . " 00 for It. I mot n milk * man the other day who said ho had been offered the rcclpo , but who declined It oil the ground that ho had all the good cows ho wanted. When Dr. Gerth comes back Tm going to take him to sco some of the dairies. Dr. Oerth was out Inspecting with Hick- stein yesterday [ Thursday ] . But It's pretty dllllcu.lt to find out whether the farmers nro using this recipe , because they won't glvo It nwny and they won't tell who it was offered It and sold to them. 1 behove though , ho hna sold It to some of them. " "Have you tested the milk of the dealer who told you nbout the recipe I" "Yes , I have tested it and llud It as good as my tester will show. " "What does your tester showl" "You have seen lactometers , haven't you ! " [ Tin : llni : man assured Mr , Farr tha the had. ] "Well , I used to try It on tbo milk of my own cow. It showed bO = nnd sotnntltncs 85 ° . But some cows have better milk , you know , than others. I let my cow's milk stand over night , the lactometer in the morning would show 100 = , " ( As mentioned In the description of the lactometer In Mr. Hlekstoin's talk , 100 ° mean pure milk. The cooler the milk Is the better the showing of the lactometer. When milkmen let their milk stnnd on ice ono night ! the she wing often npprouces 1003. " "Do people who receive milk In the morn ing get milk which was milked that day I" MII.K itiiiTii.x : ( : : IIOHIMOU ) . "Not always , The milk delivered In the morning is held over from the night boforo. especially where in cool weather there is but one delivery n day. The milk is sometimes- mixed with that of the morning for nn evening - ing delivery. " "Aro the people , or n majority of thorn aware of this practice J" "No. I think they nro not. " "They arc tinder the impression then , th'at when they get morning or evening's milk they nro getting the milk of these tluics ol the day on which it is delivered. " "Very many of them are , yes. sir. " "What would you say of a milk which had been milked in the evening ; stood nil night , nnd had no cream on it in the morning ! " ; "I would say it was adulterated. " "Do you know what Ingredients nro used to adulterate milk ! " "No , I don't. " "How many milk dealers nro thcro in Omaha and vicinity ? " " 1 have no Idea. There may bo 150.y < 3 have no means of knowing. " "How many stall fed cattle nro there la the city ? " "There are none that are giving milk. " "How many that are fed on brewery malt ? " "About twenty , probably. " "What do you think about malt after it comes from tlio brewrey for food ? " Tin ; niuwiitv : : MII.K. "I think it is good ; that is , It is not un wholesome , but it can be smelled. It gives a dilTei cut smell to the milk. I have shaken , milk in cans and could tell from the smell thit : the cnw.s hnd boon foil nn hrnwnrv malt. " , 'When do you perform your inspection } ' "When I see a milk wagon passing , I stop It and make an examination of the milk. Once in a while I let a man pass so as to como on him unaware. Yes , I inspect n number of wagons every day. " "About , how many ? " "About twenty-live. " "What is the standard of the milk in the average ? " "Tlio lactometer shows that it does not ex ceed eighty-five degrees. Tlio milk Is richer now than it was , because of the grass the cows can feed on. " "What was the lowest degree reached la the milk examined I" "Fifty degrees. The tnllk was destroyed. I told the man ho had to improve his mllle and since that time his milk has rated at eighty degrees. " "How do you account for the raise in the standard ? " "Well , the cows are now fed on grass. " "Could not the milk man , on the next day have raised the standard of his milk by 'doc toring' the same so that the laetomer would have shown eighty degrees ! " \\ANTUP , A NIJW "TKXTKII. " "I believe he could. We are going to got a new tester soon ; liavo written to llnd out where it can bo found und what it can do. No , wo do not meet any opposition from milk dealers. We have never made a tcstcaeo and have never had any milkman fined. " "What means would you suggest as tlio best to keep the city milk puroi" " 1 don't think there is any other way , unless it be to got a first-class tester or to have the milk1 analysed by u chemist. " "How long have you been in the ofllco 01 milk inspector ! " "Twelve months. " Would you favor licensing cow-owners and milkmen I" " 1 think it would bo a good Idea to compel them to take out a permit , but 1 wouldn't charge them anything lor the privilege of keeping a cow. " Tlio liiHpcctor'H Duty. On December II , ISbfl , the ordinance creat ing the ofllco of meat nnd milk inspector was approved by tlio mayor. With reference to the latter position , the provision is as fol > lows : The said inspector shall , from time to time , inspect and examine milk brought within the city or offered for sale or delivered for use as food , und shall take such steps as may bo necessary to determine the quality , purity and wholcsoinncss of such milk , and shall take such action as may bo necessary to prevent - vent the sale , distribution or delivery of any adulterated , unlieulthful or Impuru inlllt which , for any reason may bo unlit for food. In the pursuance of his duty , the Inspector Is authorized to enter any store during busl ness hours where milk is kept for sale , ejata. Ino the same and if tlio milk is tainted , dis eased , adulterated or linpurn so as to bo unfit for food , condemn the sumo , cause it to bo removed and thrown into the Missouri river. It is also made the duty of the Inspector , nt the end of each month , to make the city council a detailed statement of his worlc under tbo ordinances nnd all violations nnd evasions of the same. Both the Inspectors comply with the ordinance In making a monthly report to the council , but that report seems to have little to say about the milk , The Uiu : man made examination of thcso documents which are on fllo in City Clerk Southard's ofllco and of these seen , nlno or tea in number , only two told of milk destroyed. Ono of those was by Farr , v/ns dated July ItyT , und iccordcd the fact that ho had destroyed ton gallons of milk ; the other wasUated May aist , the sni.u your , signed by Hiekstein and told of his having sarrillced twenty live gallons , Thus , in Huvcntco-i months when millions of gallons of niillc with all kinds of adulterations have buen sold nnd consumed In this city , under our present system of inspection , only tlility- llvo liuvo been found unlit for use , There is not n sensible men in the community v/'io will not pronounce the showing a farce. Tin : LAW. The statutes make It an offense punlsHuhln by a line fiom ( ! : to jlOU to to'l ' milk diluted by water , or the product of diseased animals. This law has been and is ndt ad letter. If it wwo i.iiforced thcro would lo more lion- oil imlkincn , more satislled families , moro hcr.ithy babies. But there is no mentis to collate the evidence necessary to procure convection. As a consequence the local In spection of milk is n farce and the pcoplo iiro paying lor u laugh which Is ut their ex pense. The first councilman that will tuko hold of and reform the Bale of milk In this city 30 that unadulterated milk may take tha iiiaou ol the present dirty stuff , cvi-n if scolc- Ing no future perfcrment.will have placed to liia credit the heartfelt appreciation of tbou- s of luuiou * Barents Ui this community.