THE OMAHA. DAILY BEE : MONDAY , APKIL 23 , 188a
THE DAILY BEE.
KVKHY MOANING.
TT.KMS OF sonscnTPTiow.
Dully fMorninR Edition ) Including Sunday
llr.r. One Ytnr . . . . . . . . . . .Up w
ForfllxMontlu . < * >
ForThre * Month * . . . 2
Tbn OmaliA Bundny Ilr.B , mulled to any ad-
< lres % Ono Yenr . 200
OMAHA OrricrNos. 14Aun010FAnKA.M8TnK.r.T.
NEW YOIMC Orricr HOOMS 14 AND ISTIIIDUNR
rtviuiiNn.VASIIIKOTOS Orrice , No. 613
FOUIITEB.NTII BxnKKT.
COUllESrONnBNCE.
All commnnlcfttl.Tns relating to nejrn tttid edl-
torIM matter should be ndarcsscil to the EDlTon
orxiir. '
llEE'jUpNKS8 , LKTTKllS.
AH Inulncss letters nnd remlttnncps dhonla DO
ertdrcsscd to TTIE nnr. runusinxn COMPANV ,
OMAHA. Drafts , chrrks and pcntofflco orders to
bo rnndo parable to the order of the company.
The Bee PnWIsMne Company , Proprietors
E. ROSEWATER , Editor.
THE DAIhY
Btrorn Statement of Circulation.
Btnte of Nrbrnska , l
CoTOtrofDouBlaw , f"- lf f " '
Geo. 11. Tzschuck , gccrctary of The neo
nK compntiy , rte solemnly nwoar that tbo
arclrculBtlon of the Dally llco for the week
endlnp Aprils ) . 1888. was as follows :
Baturclny : April It . l . 's.
Bandar. Aprn 15 . .W
Mondiir.Aiirll Ifl , . . { .
Tucflday. April 17. . . . 18a.O
Wednesday. April 18 . 17,825
Thnrsday. April 10 . 17.040
Friday , AprftsO . .17.010
Average . . . 18JC3
, OKO. n.TZ8CIIUCh. . .
Sworn to and sulBcrlbo < l In my presrncn this
Slat day of April , A. D. , 1B88. N. P. I'EIL ,
Notary lubllo.
Slate of Ncbrtmka. I
County of Douglas. f B-s <
Oeo. 11. Tzgclmck , being ( Irst duly sworn , de
poses and Htiys tllat ho Is secretary of The llou
rubllBliliiK company , that the actual nveraRo
dally circulation of the Dally llco for the month
of April. 1887. vrafc 14 ; 3IO copies : for May. 18H7. :
H.227 copies ; for June , 1887 , 14,147 copies- for
July , ll 7 , 14O copies ; for August , Ib87 , 11.151
coiiles ; for September , 1887 , 14,3ficopies ; for
October , 1H87 , 14.X11 copies ; for November , 1887 ,
1S. 2 < J copies ; for Daccmber , 1887 , 1S.OI1 copies ;
for January , ISW , 15,20(1 ( copies ; for February.
18B8 , ir > , a : copies ; for March , 188K , l'iW ( ) coiiles.
* QBO. D. TZ3CIITJC1C *
Bworn. to before mo and subscribed In my
presence this 10th day of April. A. D. 1888.
N.I' . FBI ! . . Notary Public.
POLITICS hits straight from the shoul
der. In Franco it is the enthusiastic
partisan that gets u sere hond. In the
United States the defeated candidate is
the sere head.
MARK TWAIN lost 810,000 by the fail
ure of Gillig's Exchange in London.
Americans who invest their money in
shaky foreign enterprises are certainly
Innocents Abroad.
TWKNTivriinuEBtatcsnnd three ter
ritories have established an Arbor day.
It is only a question of a few years when
the observance will become national by
having all the states and territories
united in it.
THE south is getting anxious about
the exodus of negro laborers to Cali
fornia , and accuses the Pacific slooo of
hankering after the coolie system of the
Hawaiian Islands. The southern press
is of the opinion that the nogrocs will
not do well in competition with the
cheap labor of the ChincbC , and that
they had bettor stay whore they are.
THE patrons of the leading daily at
the state capital have been treated to a
surprise. That paper , usually very par
tial to the railway corporations , has
planted itself squarely in opposition to
the dogma-promulgated by Judge Dundy
in his famous decision , by which the
Union Pacific is declared to bo inde
pendent of all state regulation. Al
though rather tardy , the Lincoln Journal
is entitled to duo credit for taking a
positive stand on this vital issue.
JAY GOULD lays all the trouble which
has fallen upon the Missouri , Kansas &
Texas system to the building oT throe
parallel rival roads. But the true rea
son why tlio Kansas & Texas is bank
rupt is ( hat it is swamped by its out
standing obligations. Three bonds wore
issued , when two would pay for the work
of construction , and the directors pock
eted the third bond. Then more stocks
were floated for what they would bring.
Loaded down with these burdens , the
rend can not compote with its rivals and
turn in siifttcicnt earnings to pay inter-
Ct on its hugo dobt. .
O'NjitT/s : bill , which
One house passed last week , provides for
the establishment of a department of
labor under the supervision of
a commissioner , who is to be
Oppointcd by the president and
hold olllco for four years. One
of the commissioner's duties will bo to
Investigate strikes and other differences
between employer and omployo and to
irtjport on the merits of the controversy.
What advantage there would bo in
Creating another department dovotcd to
3abor interests wo are unable to see.
Jtlioro is now a labor bureau in charge
Of a commissioner , which is supposed to
cover pretty fully the matters which
this bill provides shall bo investigated.
A department would not necessarily bo
more eillciont , and would create another
I * cabinet olllcor. A department of In-
I * ' dlistry that would embrace a labor
bureau and several others' having rela
tion to industrial afTuirs would bo rea
sonable , but there is no demand or
necessity for an exclusive department
of labor.
I1 *
'
\
IT is a matter of curious interest , ap
propriate to to-day , that more than ono
hundred years ago a Hessian olllcor on
service in America , ono Wangonhoim ,
who seems to have been learned in for-
obtry , published a book on American
trees , the object being to instruct his
countrymen as to such as were suitable
for Germany. The tulip tree , or Amer
ican poplar , the button wood , the red co-
diir , the sassafras , the black walnut , the
white pine , the black birch , the red
maple and the sugar maple
are among the examples of Amer
ican trees Wangonhoim specially com
mends. Ho describes seventy Ameri
can trees likely to bo of use in Germany ,
giving their Gorman , English nnd bo
tanical names , with his reasons for rec
ommending planting them in Germany.
Ho is quite enthusiastic about sumo of
them for their beauty and about others
for their good timber , discriminating
carefully between these which oughtto
bo grown for ornament nnd for use ,
while very emphatio In aflvlsingagainet
the use of the sweet gum , the horse
chestnut.tho , white elm , the AJiiorierm
linden , the acacia or honey locust , the
the persimmon , th'o witch hazel , in all
fourteen kinds of trees a'nd tone ! v.lnes
md bubhcs ;
TJio South RcllnbljSolid. .
If there are republicans who flatter
liomsolrcs there is a probabilty that a
jrcach may bo made in the "solid
south" next November , they may as
well dismiss the notion. The late elec
tion in Louisiana is instructively sug
gestive on this point. There was fair
reason to bcliovont the opening of the
campaign In that state that Iho repub
licans had hotter than a "fighting
chanco" to win in the election. The
democracy was split Into bitterly hos
tile factions , each proclaiming its un
alterable determination to destroy the
other. Deadly feuds were engendered
liotwcon local leaders of the factions
nnd their followers which resulted
in the killing of several nnd
the severe injury of n , con
siderable number. In a single
week during the early part of the cam
paign no loss than six mon were shot to
death In political quarrels. Never did
factions of the same party exhibit amore
moro relentless hatred than was shown
by the warring democrats of Louisiana.
It seemed Inevitable that this hostility
must result in republican success. But
n moro important source of confidence
to the republicans was the public assur
ance of Governor McEnery that the
authority of the state would bo exerted
to enable every citizen to vote as ho
pleased , nnd to have the voles fairly
counted. If this were done the repub
licans believed they could win even
ngalnst a united and harmonious de
mocracy.
The favorable outlook for the re
publicans continued until within a
few weeks of the election , when
evidences began to appear that
some sort of truce had been arranged
between the democratic factions. There
was an nbatomontnf the bitter hostility
that had provnilod , and the democratic
lines began to close up. Governor Me-
Enory took no stops to carry out his
pledge that there should bo a free vote
and a fair count. It bccamo evident
that the machinery which had boon
successfully operated in suppressing re
publican votes was to bo again fully em
ployed. How this shnngo was brought
about is not known , nnd is perhaps past
finding out. A natural supposition is
that the national administration had a
hand in it. The gentlemen at Wash-
ton who are looking after the demo
cratic cause could not afford to allow
Louisiana to elect republican state
officers in a presidential year. Such
a result would at least put the
state in the doubtful column
"
for November , with the chances
largely against the democrats. At all
events , the fact is clear that some in
fluence patched up a peace between the
factions to hold throuch the April elec
tion , and the result is scon in a demo
cratic majority of anywhere from
twenty to forty thousand. Such a result
is conclusive evidence that the methods
for suppressing republican votes worked
successfully. .
If with the advantage of a bitter
quarrel among their opponents , at the
outset of the campaign apparently im
placable , the republicans were thus
beaten in Louisiana , what reasonable
hope can they have of carrying nny
state included In the solid south whore
no such division exists among demo
crats ? Is it not morally certain that
these states , with their democratic
governments , and with a democratic
administration behind them will em
ploy every moans and method nccessary
to keep in the democratic line , and so
thoroughly and effectively as to bo suc
cessful ? It is idle and foolish for repub
licans to indulge the hope of carrying
any southern state this year , and in dis
cussing candidates that scotion of the
country should have no bearing upon
the question of availability. There is
no doubtful state in the south at this
time , and there will bo none when the
day of election in November arrives ,
whoever the republican candidate may
bo. But there are several doubtful
states in the north , and it is these which
the republican representatives in na
tional convention will bo called upon to
most seriously consider in determining
the availability of candidates. Indiana ,
Now Jersey and Connecticut are the
states which will call for the largest
share of republican attention when
national candidates aro-to bo selected ,
for , with the right men , all of these can
bo carried and thus the election of the
republican ticket be assured. With
that accomplished , the next presidential
election may bring a. wide fracture in
the solid south , if it did not come sooner
than that.
The DyniK Kmperor.
The European dispatches give no
hope that the life of Emperor Freder
ick can be prolonged beyond n few days ,
nnd any hour now may witness the end
of his long and bravo battle with the
fatal malady. The fact that blood
poisoning has supervened , about which
there seems to bo no question , and that the
maliuly has assumed n complicated con
dition , thwarting the skill of the doc
tors , removes all promise \\\nt \ \ \ the lifo
of the emperor might bo saved. With
the tremendous drain nnd Buffering his
systouihas undergoneitcnn be expected
to resist but a brief time the newly developed
volopod complications. Frederick has
borne his aflllction with pathotlo
patience and a splendid heroism , hut
these Boom to bo falling him , and knowIng -
Ing the inevitable ho grqws Impatient
for.tho ond. "How much longorV" was
n question that showed the eager de
sire of the sufferer to roach however
soon the termination of the long and
terrible torture.
The death of the emperor , whenever
it shall come , will cause very little im
mediate disturbance to German affairs.
It is already to alargo extent , so far as
the financial and commercial interests
of the empire arc concerned , "dis
counted. " All operations doubtless are
made with reference to the po.ssiblo
changes of a political character that
would eventually result. That these op
erations are on an unustmlly cautious
and conservative basis is sufllciont evi
dence of n luck of confidence in Crown
Prlnco William , When loans are
hold in abeyance and financial
business is at a standstill ,
lie better evidence could bo desired thai
Capital regards with apprehension the
young man who will succeed to the 1m-
rule.As to this political effects
that would sooner or later follow the ac
cession of William , nil opinions agrco
that they would very likely bo of so
radical a character as to unsettle all
Europe. Franca would expect no con
sideration from the son of the present
cmporor , nnd her first move wouldprob-
nbly bo to seek nn nllinuco with Russia ,
which that power would very likely wol'
como if she could bo given any assur
ance of stability for the French govern
ment. This might bo offered in forcing
Carnet out of the presidency and plac
ing Boulnngor at the head of the
French government. Past experience
with attempted alliances between Russia
and Franco has not been such as to en
courage the belief that ono may bo
effected now , but the peculiar circum
stances at present seem to compel thcso
nations to a military union. Russia
would the moro readily accede to this if
there was n military man nt the head
of the French government , nnd Boulnn
gor Is the only soldier who can have the
popular support for the presidency.
Bismarck lias shown that ho is strongly
disposed not to offend or provoke
Russia , nnd so long as ho could keep
William in control there would perhaps
bo no reason for Russia to fear anything
that would force her to begin n conflict.
But how long would William ns emperor
submit to bo controlled by Bismarck or
anybody else ? There are very grave
possibilities contingent upon the death
of Emperor Frederick , nnd the veriest ,
optimist cannot but regard the outlook
as serious.
A GOOD deal of what appears to bo
sound objection Is made.to the bill of
the house committee on public lands
for the bettor preservation of forests ,
and these who make the objection ,
among others the Pennsylvania For
estry association , recommend in its
stead the bill prepared by the Ameri
can Forestry congress , which has been
Introduced In the house. The bill of
the committee is declared to involved ,
complicated and impractical. The other
measure is believed to bo much , moro
sound and sensible , providing as it does
for the permanent forest reserves , to be
administered for the benefit of the people
ple , under the charge of a commis
sioner with a proper corps of subordin
ates. The method proposed is to select
from the public domain such lands ns
are better suited to forest growth than
to any other purpose , especially lands
lying about the head-waters of moun
tain streams , and to keep them as per
manent forests , carefully guarded from
spoliation and destruction ; to sell the
merchantable timber on thcso lands
whenever it is to the advantage of the
government so to do , all cutting to bo
done under the direction of a government
ment- officer , and with a due regard to
the preservation of a new growth of
trees ; to make all unauthorized cutting
and all other injury to these forests
criminally punishable , to have a sulll-
ciont body of forest guards to manage
these public estates upon the most im
proved system , and to enforce the law
against all offenders , whether indi
viduals or corporations.
THE day is not far distant when Wy
oming petroleum beds will bo fully de
veloped and furnish an inexhaustible
supply of oil. To Nebraska this is of
the greatest importance for Wyoming
will become the immense' reservoir
from which oil will literally flow to sup
ply our state with cheap fuel. There is
nothing to prevent a pipe line from the
potrolqum wells to the Missouri river.
The distance from the oil bolt to Omaha
is less than six hundred miles , and the
slope of the land from the Rocky Moun
tains to the Missouri is everything that
can bo desired in nn engineering point
of view to secure a direct head and How
of oil from the Wyoming fields.
STIIIKKS in Chicago follow the letter
B. First it was the brewers , and now it
is the bakers. It remains to be seen
what the butchers are going to do.
NEBRASKA JOTTINGS.
Rising City has a cornet band.
Chase county expects the Rock Island.
Brown county is in debt only $18,000.
Grotnn yearns , for a canning factory.
South Sioux City cries aloud for a
grist mill.
Lamar , Chase county , has a news
paper the News.
Oitklnnd now has-one * saloon paying
$1,000 a year license.
The Beacon is the name of a now pro
hibition paper at Alma.
Glnndorcd hor.sos are reported plenti
ful around West Point.
The premium list of the Brown county
fair is already published.
Dllay Springs' new fifty barrel roller
mill is now in running order.
The Rule Times starts on its second
year in a prosperous condition.
The West Beatrice News will bo sold
under chattel mortgage the.25th.
A mad dog bit two laborers 'at West
'Point Saturday. The dog was killed.
The foundation of the now insane
asylum ut Hastings is about completed.
The school throughout the slate ob
served Arbor day planting trees Satur
day.The
The Union Pacific railroad has de
cided to muku Beatrice a transfer sta
tion.
tion.Tho
The Wahoo Wasp indignantly denies
that it is booming Patrick Egan for con-
gross.
Colonel Stewart received the contract
for building the Plattsmouth pontoon
bridge.
Wymoro will observe her seventh an
niversary on the 17th of May by a grand
celebration.
Buffalo Bill is announced by Ills homo
papers to arrive in North Platte in n
short time.
Children's boom is made substantial
in the thirty houses now in course of
construction.
York has tested her water works , nnd
finds them in good order , and the squirt
strong and large.
Blue Springs and Wymoro are carry
ing on un extensive flirtation , with ap
pearances of consolidating ,
The water company of Nebraska City
is accused by the Times of discriminat
ing in the price of the lluld.
The Johnson Register will go to
Brownville , Nomaha county , nnd at
tempt to practice on the resurrection
act.
act.Tho
The three children of D. W. Caswoll ,
of Wheeler county , who were so badly
burned last week in u prairie fire , will
die.
die.A
A newly married man in Cedar county
shot into d crowd of serenaders and eu-
joyed the evening In cnlmi domestic
quiet.
Wymoro has an ntdcrman who wants
to place his princely salary In the gon-
'ornl fund , to bo tiscil in public Improve
ments.
Hastings complains that the B. < 5s M.
violates a city ordinance in running Its
flyers fifteen miles an hour through the
city limits.
A tramp at Blair who stole n sack of
flour escaped from jail. The sheriff
pursued and sliot four times before the
tramp surrendered.
Blthorn nnd Olngett , the evangcllsti ,
who have booh trying to reform the
wicked of Pliiftsmouth , have gene to
moro inviting fields of labor.
Dr. Gnndyvho has occupied the
courts of southeastern Nebraska for
years past , is yet on trial. This Umo
nn nppcnl from n sentence to ten years
in the pen.
Tlio Dnndy Decision ,
fnnm thcljtntoln Journal.
Whether Congressman Dorscy gets in
his ninondmont to the Union Pacific bill
or not , the validity of Judge Dundy'a
decision ought lo bo tested in the supreme
premo court of the United States on ac
count of Its importance in the matter of
clashing jurisdictions over corporations.
If the general government can inject a
corporation into n territory , give it val
uable franchises nnd loan it money to go
into business with , besides the usual
land grant , and then turn over the emi
nent domain by virtue of which this cor
poration nan exist , without any reserva
tion , but still retain the right to with
draw that corporation from state
control , the sooner wo know It for suVo ,
the bettor.
The Union Pacific injunction case
ought to go up , and the supreme court
ought to advance it on the docket so
that It can bo tried without unnecessary
delay. It is a most Important question.
If the general government can reserve
any of the rights usually inherent in n
state without expressly doing it in
cither the enabling actor the formal
act of admission , the principle ought to
bo established before nny moro states
are admitted to the union. Tho.Tournal
cannot believe that Judge Dundy's do-
qjsloti will bo sustained by the supreme
court. If it should bo , it sees no reason
why all federal land grant railroads
can not run themselves without regard
to the state laws in force in the terri
tory they pass through , clothed with
the attributes of a federal corporation.
LIFE ON THE OCEAN WAVE.
Scml CciitcnnlaI of the Arrival or the
.Sli-ius.
The 33d of April will bo the semi-cen
tennial of the beginning of steam navi
gation between this country nnd Europe
as a regular bU3incssi says the New
York Evenlng'Post. On that day fifty
years ago tho.Sirlus steamed into New
York harbor , followed a few hours later
by the Great "Western. " Owing to the
great impression which this double
event made upon the people of New
York , the arrival of the Sirius is often
mentioned as'tho first time that an
ocean steumor succeeded in crossing the
Atlantic. As a matter of fact , the
Sirius was precc'dcd across the Atlantic
by two vessels propelled by steam the
Savannah , which , wont to' Europe in
1819 , and made several trips ,
and , ton yeirs later , the Cura-
coa , owned by Hollanders , which
steamed bctwebn Stockholm nnd the
West Indies lor several years. This
was in 1823. The Savannah , according
to Rear Admiral Problo , and'many doc
uments of seventy years ago. was the
first steamship to cross the Atlantic ;
she was pronounced a myth by Wood-
croft in his work on steam navigation.
She was built at Corlear't , Hook , in this
city , by Crocker & Fickott , of 380 tons
burden , and was launched on the 22nd
of August , 1818. She was designed as a
packet to sail between Ne > v York and
Liverpool. Her captainv Mobes Rogers , ,
then of Savannah , Ga. , suggcbted to the
merchants of that city the idea of build
ing a steamship to run between Savan
nah'nnd Liverpool. The Savannah
was bought and named. Her rig
ging was allowed to remain , but she wiib
fitted up with nn engine and paddlewheels -
wheels , the latter to bo constructed to
fold up like a fan when not wanted. The
shaft had a joint on either side of the
vessel whicn allowed the whole wheel
to be raised out of the water. Her trial
trip was made iu April , 1819 , when she
fatcumcd from New York to Savnnah in
seven days , President Monroe , who
was then in Savanah , went on board
with his suite. On the 29th of May ,
181 ! ) , she sailed for Liverpool , where
she arrived in twenty-one days , creat
ing a sensation. The London Times of
June 21 , 1810 , contains this account of
her arrival , copied from Marwndo's
Commercial Report ( Liverpool ) of that
week.
Among the arrivals yesterday at this port
wo were pnrtlculnrl.v ' ' .itlllocl.uul astonished
by the novel si ht of a line steamship which
came round at 7:30 : p. in. , without the usstat-
anco or a single .sheet , In : i style which dis
played the power nnd advantage of the appli
cation of steam to vessels of thu largest slzu ,
bcitiK IttO tons burden. She Is called tlm Sa-
vunmih , Captain Rogers , nnd suited from Sa-
vami.ili ( Georgia. United States ) the 'Mlof \
May , and arrived in tlio channel live days
binco. During her pasaauu feho worked the
engine eighteen days. Her model is bounti
ful , and the accommodations for passengers
ulcgnnt nnd complete. She is the Ilrst bliip
on this construction that has undertaken a
voyngo across tlio Atlantic.
Under date of June 110 , 1810 , the Lon
don Times Bays :
The Snvannnii , steam vessel , recently ar
rived nt Liverpool from America the Ilrst
vessel of tlio Uind that ever crossed the At
lantic was chased a whole day orf the coast
of Ireland by the Kite , revenue cruiser on
tlio Cork station , which mistook her for a
ship on lire. ,
* From Liverpool the Savannah wont
to Copenhagen and to St. Petersburg
before returning. Finally she was bold
at auction in Washington and converted
into a sailing packet. The cost of steam
ing was too great to malco her profita-
ublo as u steamship burning wood. The
Curacoa was buil on the Clyde In 1828 ,
for the Dutch trade between Amster
dam and tlio Wr.st Indies. She made
several voyages , but was finally with
drawn ns unprofitable.
Both these attempts at early steam
navigation across the Atlantic proved
to bo frultlcss owing to the tremendous
coat of the btoam us compared with sail
ing vessels nnd thb small gain in speed
over fast bailing1 packets. The Savan
nah burned wood under her boilers.
The Curacoa is supposed to have burned
coal. Tlio real beginning of steam navi
gation between this country and Eu
rope was duo to the suggestion
of the famous Brunei , who , when
discussing the plans of the Great West
ern railroad , of England , proposed a
line of steumord from Bristol to Now
York. That the time was ri po for a re v-
ulutlon of the kind is shown by the
readiness with which a rival company
took up the idea and managed to prepare -
pare n steamship even before Brunei's
suggestion could bo carried out. Steam
navigation was no new thing , and was
recognized ns of vabt future Importance.
There were steamships running from
England.to Ireland , from England to
Franco , and on the Important rivers of
both countries.- Now York had scores
of steamboats making trips alontr the
Sound and up the Hudson river Yet it
in commonly thought that scientific mon
of the day were foremost in discouraging
ship owners from undertaking a trip
across the Atlantic. The name of Dr.
Lardner is chiefly remembered by his
supposed remarks upon the impossi
bility of making the trip , owing to the
amount of fuel necessary. In n report
of n lecture given by Dr. Lardnor in
the Liverpool Aiblonj delivered in Liv
erpool in December , 1885 , are these
words : "As to the project , however ,
which was announced in the newspa
pers , of making the voyngo directly
from Now York to Liverpool , it wns , he
had no hesitation in saying , perfectly
chimerical , nnd that they might ns well
talk of making a voyntro from Now Yorker
or Liverpool to the moon. "
Commodore Problo , in his work on
( ho history of steam navigation , denies ,
however , that Dr. Lardnor over saiu
anything of the kind , nnd insists that
Lardncrs objection to steam traffic
across the Atluntidwns not based upon
physical Impracticability , but upon the
score of cost. Lardnor , ho says , insisted
that while steamships could steam across
thu Atlantic , the cost would bo eo great
as to neutralize the possible advantages
of quicker time.
The scheme of establishing a regular
line of steamships between Liverpool
and Now York wns proposed by two
rival British companies in 1838. ono ad
vocating a line to ply between the wqst
coast of Ireland and Boston , touching
nt Halifax , and the other u direct line
between Bristol and Now York. The
latter company , the Great Western
railway company , laid the keel of the
Great Western , 1,320 tons burden ,
212 foot in length , and 31 feet 4 inches
1 beam between the two paddle wheels.
She had 160 berths for passengers and
sixty-six for the officers and crow. Her
two engines were of 200 horse power
each , and she carried 000 tons of coal.
Her whole cost was $250,000. The rival
company , the British nnd American
Steam Navigation company , chartered
the Sirius , steamer which had boon
built to run between London and Cork ,
anil sent her off from Cork on April 4 ,
1838. She was of 700 tona register , with
engines of 320 horse power. On the 8th
of April the Great Western followed.
Both vessels arrived In Now York
harbor on the 23d of April , the Sirius a
few hours in advance of her rival. The
Evening Post of April 23 noted the ar
rival of the two vessels , and the next
dav commented as follows :
* " The arrival yesterday of the steam packets
Sirius and Great Western caused in this city
that stir of eager curiosity nnd speculation
which every new enterprise ohtiy magni
tude awake ns iu tftls excitable community.
The battery was thronged yesterday moru-
ing with thousands of persons of both soxos.
assembled to loot : on the Sirius , the vessel
which had crossed the Atlantic by the i > ewer
of steam , ns she lay anchored near at hand ,
gracefully pimped , painted'black all ever ;
the water around her was covered with
boats tilled with people passing and repass-
inp , so mo convoying and some bringing back
these who desired to go on board. An Amer
ican seventy-four in ono of tlio ports of the
Mediterranean , or of South America , would
hardly be surrounded with a greater throng of
the natives.
When the Great Western , at a later hour ,
was seen ploughing her way through the
waters toward the city , a prodigious mass ,
blacker , if possible , than nor predecessor ,
the crowd became moro numerous , and the
whole bay , to a great distance , was dotted
with boats , ns if everything that could bo
moved by oars had loft its place at the
wharves. It seemed , in fact , a kind of tri-
uinphentry.
It will be noticed that when the
Sirilius made her trip , fifteen days was
considered wonderfully fast time in
which to cross the Atlantic , and her
captain was congratulated upon his
achievement. The lowering of the
time record has gene on since then
almost steadily year by year. Since
1840 the time has been shortened by
half , and again about 40 nor cent since
1SGO. The noted ships of the last few
years have the following records to
their credit :
Min-
Days. Hours , utcs.
1. Etruriu 0 5 81
2. Umb iasistershin.slightly ( ) longer.
a. Oregon 0 10 35
4. America 0 13 44
fi. Cily of Home < j 18
0. Alaska 0 18 37
7-Scrvla 7 23 55
8. Aurania
The Etruria and the Umbria are pro-
pollcd by 11,000 horse power.
TwO ships now building for the Inmnn
line arc expected to outrun the Umbria
and the Etruria by at least several
hours , and to carry moro passengers.
In order to guard against such an acci
dent ns proved fatal to the Oregon , the
ships are subdivided Into a largo num
ber of bulkheads , each ono water-tight
when the doors are closed. They are
626 feet long , or 6(10 ( feet ever all , 03J
feet beam , and 42 foot deep. Their
gross tonnugo will bo 10,000 tons each.
In order to provide so far as possible
against borious cases of seasickness a
rolling chamber , a compartment float
ing upon a large tank inside each vessel ,
is to bo fitted up , and will counteract the
motion to some extent. The number of
passengers and crow , when the vessel is
full , will bo about 2,000. Tlio first-qlass
pabsongors will occupy the center part
of the ship ; the second-class will bo be
tween the htorn and the centre , and the
omigrantb will occupy both ends. The
main saloon will be on the upper deck ,
forward , nnd will bo similar to that of
the America , with a dome about ten
feet high. Electric lights and hot and
cold wnter will bo supplied to all the
state rooms. Should these vessels fulfil
the expectations of their builders , they
will make the passage in six days , that
is to gay , passengers leaving Now York
on Saturday afternoon would bo in j-iiv-
orpool the following Friday.
-A BfjAOJC UK HO.
How n IJravo 'Negro Lost IIIn Lilfo In
thn Hosoiio of Young Ijndy.
The year 1870 will always bo a mem
orable ono in the recollections of the
writer. It was during that year that I
witnessed ono of the most exciting
scenes which have bver occurred in ac
tual life.
At the earnest solicitation of a friend ,
who was the traveling salesman of a
prominent house , I stopped off at a
lively town of about five thousand In
habitants. Thoplaco was outdoing it
self , tho'occaslon being the opening of
a now opera house. My friend was well
acquainted with the manager of the
new venture , nrd when I was introduced
nothing would do but wo must share his
box with hljn.
The opera house was a three-story
brick , built evidently with u view to
the utmost economy to space , and with
nothing in particular to recommend it
architecturally. The interior was mod
estly decorated , and the drop , the es
pecial pri.de of the manager's heart ,
was a very presentable piece of work.
The house was well filled when when
wo arrived.
At the end of the first act I noticed
that the box opposite us had become
occupied while * the curtain was up. I
glanced carelessly across , and my att n-
tion was iiibtantly rlvlted by the most
prominent figure there that of a girl ,
of perhaps eighteen , She was drofascu
in black ; her dress cul juut low enough
to give a glimpse , through the fluffy
down which trimmed ij , of her fair
bosom , Har beauty wns of so puroand
striking a typo that -my gaze was held
to her fnco by ft sort of rapturous fasci
nation , until , glancing up twlco or
thrice nnd mooting my stare , n slight
blush overspread her KJhook nnd repri
manded my impertinence. I looked
txwny only to steal covert glances back ,
until It became evident that my inqui
sition was growing seriously annoylnc
to hor. To keep my attention distracted
from this fair object , 1 picked up my
lorgnette nntl began ranging the gal-
lory. My eye had not traversed n
moloty of Its horizon when It was
arrested by a flguro the moro striking ,
probably , because it was in such
direct nnd violent contrast to the ono
lust abandoned. It was the figure of n
burly negro , occupying the front Boat
directly in the center of the row. Ills
hugo , loose-jointed body was lounging
forward , his elbows on Ins knees and his
palms supporting his chin , his black ,
ropollnut features sot in an immobile
stare. Following the direction of his
eyes I found that they rested upon the
beautiful object which had so attracted
my own. * The Insolent brute , I
thought , hotly indignant ; but the next
moment the preliminary darkening of
the room drew my attention to the stage
again ,
The play ran on merrily. A thousand
hearts yielded themselves to the Infec
tious gaiety of the scone. Laughter
shone in every eye , except that ns now
and then a head bent down to whisper
to its fair companion , n deeper happi
ness may for a moment have overcome
the merry lightness. A broken , mur
murous sound of voices comes from behind -
hind the wings ; then ho takes up his
part again. The pause was only for a
moment , but , ns ho speaks , the drop
comes rushing down. A hush of uneasy
expectancy pervades the house , some
body laughs ; then a roar of merriment
goes up a moro stage blunder ! But
wait an ominous sound comes from behind -
hind the curtain ; the last echo of jocu
larity dies quickly ; the lips
bent for laughter freeze agape ;
the prescience of nn awful presence
stills every heart. The hugo drop sucks
in ; then puffa violently out , ns Lthough
laboring for some monstrous delivery.
A hoarse shout back on the stage and ,
with a fearful roar.it bursts out through
the drop , that vanishes at its touch as a
faint mist on n frosty pane is dissipated
by a breath Firol
The fear-bound spectators leap uji ,
fear crazed. From the packed audience
a yell goes up. the most hideous sound
that ever rent the nlr. It tolls of hundreds -
drods of mon , godlike but a moment
before , delighting iu the art before
them , soothed , roilnod by it ; now , in n
single instant , crushed back lower than
the brutes.
A few hearts own the human still ;
A few bravo voices ring out in caution
and command. A few remember dearer
things than life nndstrivo with all their
mights to protect the weaker ones about
them. But it is all useless against the
maddened beasts that trample them
down.
First there Is a rush of men and wo
man toward the miserable , inadequate
exit. Madly springing ever scats , ever
other men and women , ever every ob
stacle. But they only got n little ways
before their individuality is lost in the
frantic tidal wave of howling , heaving
humanity that packs the upper part of
the auditorium , tossing , scathing and
surging up nnd up and up against the
wall that shuts them in from the free
air without.
I sprang up among the first. I was
deprived Tof thought and action. I
was horribly conscious of others about
mo darting away , but was unable to
move myself. That fearful din of tramp
ling and shrieking begun to mingle
with the crackling flames. A baleful
tongue of fire swirled out after the
retreating throng nndt curled and
snapped above their head's. Something
drew my terror stricken glance to the
opposite box. The girl stood there as
she had arisen , her body bout back from
the roaring flames , but too
fascinated by horror to stir. As
her companions deserted her she
glanced wildly around , started , and was
about to lly after thorn when she was
arrested by a shout , ringing out above
the awful din. I , too , heard the stri
dent cry , and looking up saw the negro
leaning over the edge of the gallery
gesticulating to hor. His cry made her
pause. The wave of humanity had
pressed buck and crowded into the oxlt
until all the lower part of the auditorium
was clear , and as the girl disappeared
from his view the negro laid his hand
on the gallery railing and vaulted ever
into the aisle below. Ho fell heavily ,
but was up again in an instant. The
stage was a swaying mass of fiamo now ,
but ho ran down the aisle , sprang ever
the light iron railing about the or
chestra's place , and from a chair there
up in the very face of the fire upon the
stage. Running along the outer
edge of the stage ho gained
the box and leaped within it.
His eyes caught sight of the crouching
figure in the farthest corner. Half dead
from fright ns she was , she arose ; but
ho swept her up in his great arms and
sprang out on the stage again. Iho
heat was almost unbearable even for the
moment they were there. Holding her
tight in his arms he leaped clear from
the btngo to the aisle below. All about
him were torn nnd smashed and twisted
chains , strewn with shawls and hats and
fiowors , showing clearly the track ot the
tempest which hud passed ever them.
Before him wns the mass of frenzied
riion , behind the flames , waxing hotter
every moment. As ho stood . .there a
tongue of fire licked out and caught the
drapery of the box they hud just left. A
line of light darted up and across it and
in an instant the whole box was
ablaze. The entrance to the boxes
was through a roar in the end of the
box , near the side of the auditorium ;
but beside thl door , on ono side , was
another small ono loading into a narrow
passage running along ono Hide of the
building. The negro's quick eye , dart-
incr about the room , caught sight of
thin door , overlooked of nil the frantic
fools about the one other exit. Ho
leaped toward the promise of escape.
His hand caught the knob locked !
Drawing back the width of .the narrow
aislu ho hurled himself forward and
struck his foot against the look. It
cracked and half parted from the door ,
but hold still. Ho heard a cry from the
mob about the entrance. Some ono saw
him , and as ho looked back twenty mon
came rushing toward him , Frantically
ho throw himbolf against the door
again. It shivered into pieces , and lot
him stumbling through into the
wretched , death-trap piiblnge. As ho
righted himself the foremost of
the mob gained the door.
All the while his arms had
clasped their well-nigh unconscious
burden. Ho released nor , and spring
ing out , hurled back like chaff those
about to rush through thu door. But
they wore like a numberless punk of
wolves , Others and others came plung
ing up. tearing and pulling and pubh-
ing. Tlioy boat and kicked himgruhpod
about his Climbs , twisting und tugging
ut him , the increasing weight of their
numbum bearing against him. Ho
btands for a while pushing them back
und holding his own ngahibt the terrible
pressure , But they climb ever each
other as they fall and pllo up ngahibt
him. Ho can bear the weight no
longer he sways , stuggera , falls , pud
they swarm ever his prostrata form ,
crunching the lifo out of it to gain the
little passage-way and. trample each
other's HvcS out in a frant.io endeavor
to ronch the narrow .stair-way at th
foot of which n girl fell fainting a mo *
monl before , to bo berne away by hu
mane hands.
It was only a moment after the Incl *
dent of the passage that the firemen
came up through the stngo entrance (
nnd the fire was soon checked.
As I looked nt the long , fearful row
of marred nnd lifeless forms next day , I
noted particularly ono huge black ono ,
moro mangled than nny of the rest , but
recognized it at a glance.
It was the remains of the negro who
attracted my attention the previous
night. While viewing the mangled
form I could not help thinking that
true heroism might spring from the
most unexpected source. As for the
here off this occasion no monument lina
been roared to his glory no pyramids
sot of his memory but the eternal suh
stance of Ills greatness , to which I Icavo
him.
What 1311 Don't Knovr.
Recently the BKR Inserted n reprint
article by Ell Perkins , who thought ho
was tolling the railroads how to avoid
strikes. Our correspondent who answers
Ell certainly don't know that the lat-
tor's effusions never carry enough
weight to niako thorn worthy of consld
oration :
OMAHA , April 10. To the Editor of
Iho BKK : 1 would llko to correct a
statement which was made in last Sun
day's Bun headed , "How Eli Would
A void Strikes. " First , Ell says ho saw
a lot of English engineers who have
como ever from England to bettor their
condition ; second , ho says they uro
skilled mechanics nnd can make a loco
motive ; third , ho says our engineers uro
not engineers simply advanced lire *
moil.
moil.Now
Now let mo say n word about English
engineers. I worked throe years and
six months for a railroad running out ot
London , Eng. , and can como nearer
telling the truth than Ell. Lot these
engineers como ever if It is to
bettor their condition ; but lot mo
say right here they will never
bettor thdir condition by running on
the "Q. I don't believe if you told
them they had to scab they would como.
No , they would bo contented with $05 or
$75 per month , which is as good as $150
per month hero , especially in the west.
Second , no master mechanic would put
a man on an engine that Is not n skilled
or experienced ongineman ; as for being
n skilled mechanic , so much the bettor ,
but ho don't know iv thing about run
ning a locomotive that takes experi
ence from a fireman up. I know two or
throe engineers who have built model
locomotives , nnd they are not skilled
mechanics. Third , our engineers nro
advanced Hremon , and not skilled mon.
Now , take o'no hundred English engi
neers , and ulnoty-nino out of that num
ber were firemen , and advanced them
selves the same as horo. You will find
lots of engineers who served their time
at the machine , and then wont to firing
and then to running.
WILLIAM BEST.
VT ° - 7. L- ANO. . 8. P11OPOSAL3 FOR AllM V
-L > Supplies Headquarters Dept. of the I'luttd.
Onico of Chief Commissary ot Subsistence.
Omaha. Nob. , March 21,1883. Scaled proposals
In triplicate , accompanied by guarantee bonds ,
yrlll be received at tlio olllco of the commissar/
of subsistence nt Omaha , Neb. , nnd the ofllco ot
the noting commissary ot subsistence at Fort
Omaha , Nob. , until 13 o'clock M , . central stand
ard time , ana ut the olllco or the commissary ot
subsistence at Cheyenne Depot , Wyo. , anil thee
o dices of the acting commissaries of subsistence
nt Forts Sidney , Nlobrara nnd Hoblnson , Nob. ,
Forts McKlunoy , Laramle , Urldcer , D. A. Ilus.
sell and Wnshalcle , and Camp Pilot iluttoVyo. . ,
and Forts Douglas and Du Cliesuo , Utah , until
11 o'clock a. in. , mountain standard time , on
Wednesday , the 23th day of April , Iglffl , nt which ,
time nnd places they will bo opened In the pres
ence of bidders , for the fumUhlntr and delivery
of the frcflh beet required at the posts anil
stations montloaod , respectively , during the fis
cal year cominenclnR July 1,1SS8. The right la
reserved to reject any or nil bids. For luformn-
Donds , and circulars for information of bidders ,
apply by mail or in person to the ofllces herein
rtoslinmleil to rncolvo proposals thereat. J.V
llAlUUOEIt , Maj. and O. i3. , U. 8. A. , Chief C. S.
CNACOUUNTED WITH THE CCOORAPHrOF 1H ! COUNTRY Will
CttTAIM MUCH INFORMATION FROM A STUDY OF THII HUP OF THI
CHICAGO , ROCK ISLAND & PACIFIC H'l
Its main lines and branches Include OHIOAQO ,
nzoniA. uoi.rwz. HOCK IBLAND , DAVZN *
PORT. DEB MOINIB , COUNCIL BLOTTO. MHO-
OATINK. KANBAB OITy. BT. JOSEPH. 1EAV-
ENWOBTn. ATCrtlBON. OEDAB BAPIDB.
WATEKLOO , MINNEAPOLIS , and BT. PATJ3J.
and scores of Intermediate ) cities. Choice o (
routco to and from the Paclfla Ooatt All trans-
fora In Union dopoU. Vast tralna of Vine Daj
Coaclico , elegant Dining Can. magnificent 1'ull *
man Palace Slooporo , and ( between Chicago , St.
Joseph , Atchlaon and Kansaa City ) Xlocllnlnit
3balr Cars , Beats Tree , to holders of turougU
flrst-cloia tickets.
Chicago , Kansas & Nebraska R'y
"Croat Rock ( eland Route. "
Extends WcBt and Southwest from Kansas City
and St. Joseph to NELSON , nORTON , , BEMJI-
VILLE , TOPEKA. HZHINOTON. WIOU1TA ,
HUTOIXINSON , OALDWBLL , and all points la
KANSAS AMD OOUTHERN NEBRASKA
andbflTond. Entire passenger equipment of tb
celebrated Pullman manufacture. All safety ac *
pllancea and modern Improvement * .
The Famous Albert Loa Routo'
la the favorite between Chicago , Heck Island ,
AtchlBon , Kansas City and Minneapolis and St.
Paul. Its Watertown branch traverses the creat
"WHEAT AND DAIRY BELT"
of Northern Iowa , Oouthwestam Minnesota ! aad
East Control Dakota to Watortown , Spirit Lako.
Bloux Falls and many other towns and cities.
The Short Line via Oortsca and Kankakoo orTirs
superior facilities to travel to and from India * *
opolls , Cincinnati and other Southern points.
For Tickets , WupuEVld r , ordosjred Informa
tion , apply at uny Coupon Ticket Olflco or addreis
E. ST. JOHN , U. A. HOLQROOK ,
Qen'l nienaaor. aen'l TUt. & Pus. Agt.
TOK
OS' T1IK
Chicago , Milwaukee & St , Paul R'y ' ,
I'lio Ilcst Ilouto from Onmlia and CouucII
Whiffs to
TWO THAINH DAILY BKTWKKN OMAHA AND
COUNCII ,
Chicago , ANU- MIItTuultep ,
St. Pmil , Jllnneanol Cedar llnplils ,
Hock Ikland , Vrccport , Kockford ,
Clinton , DulnuMir , Davenport )
Elfin ,
Ucloll , La
And all otliur Important points K itNoiUe t o4
HoutUeait.
r'orthrouKb tickets mil on Ilia ticket nrent tlMl
h'unnui struct , In Darker lilock , or l Uulou
JXMjnt.
I'nllnuui Sleeper * aad the Uneit Dlnln < I'm la tlia
worlil uro run en Hie nmlo Ml.e of lli Ckl. iiO , illl
wtukea & Ht. I'aul Itallrror. nJ ercrr Mtuntlnnli
l > uld to pa ( enKer * \ > j courteout employe * ut IU
C It. Mll.i.KIi. fleimrnl Maniger.
J.K. TUCK Ell , AoliUuttScneral M.cinor.
A. V. IU CAUl'UNTKlt , Opaerul l'ukicu ( r RD !
Ticket Agent.
( JKO.Ii.IlKAfTOHp , jlisUt&nt Oencrnl l' iioag r
and Ticket/Kent ,
J.T.C1.A11K ( Jfnernl Suptflutendent.
PEERfESS DYES l &S SSi.