. . , \ . . . . . . . . . . . . THE OMAHA DAILY BEESUNJYAY : , JtLYlO. . 187.-TWELVEi'AGS , . ; DAILY BEE. . . PUBLISHED EVEflY MORNING. 7flM Or RUflSCnTrrlOI ? Uy ( MnrnI Edition ) thcludlng 3unday F arOtio Ywu $1000 7 OrSlMonth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . tOO rThroo Months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 60 ke Omahft BlRcIal flirinnI1od to L. dieii , One Ycttr . . _ . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . 200 , AA . OFYTCE. NO ti1 AMI ) 1fl FAUWAM ! TRI v. YORK ( ) YYtCg RooM .r. . , rtrIItTN. ftuunto. AeulNuTo : Urrgc Nu 613 FoUMtLXrU q COhtflERVONDNC JIll ocmmunIotion roiftting to flOWs and edt. tonal matter should bu w1'1rc8od to thu EIiL toll or Til lIr.r. I ) w1Nu5L1-rEns : All buIuess lettur. and rotnhttanoo ibould bo I * 1droed to Tiii 11 l'tJlII.iSIINO COMPANY , OMAHA. DrRtt cheek9 and potomco order I 10 bo znado payable to thu ordir of the cowpany. . IRE ME PVB11SHIN COMPANY1 PROPRIETORS1 , . E. ItOSEWATER , F.tflToIt p _ ; TilE DAILY HFTh. ' . Sworn Statometit of CirculatIon. ! . mate of Nebraska County of Iouzfas. ( leo. IL 'rzliuci , aecretary of The ilco Publishing coniiany , does Rolmonly swear that the actual circuistlon of till ) 1)aily lIce 0 for the week eiidtng July 3 , 1S7 , was as $ aturIav.JLIIy 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a titiudayJuIy 8 . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l4.20 Monday. .Itiiy 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 , Tueidav. July ! Wednesday , IulyO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.J,000 4 ? ln1r(1ay , JnIv 7 , ; Yriday , July . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13)0 ) . ( lEo. Ii. 'I'zscnuci. Sworn to nfl(1 subscrIbed Ill by 1)rcenco ) fuN Ofli day ofJuIy , A. I ) . 1SS7. I N. P. Fmr. . . ISEAL.1 Notary Public. 8tato of Nebraska , - Joulas County.SS Geo. B. Tzschuck , being 1lrt duly sworn , k' . deposes and says that ho Is secretary of The Bee P1b1ishIhn company. that the actual : - ' * verage daflyclrculatlon of the 1)ahlylleo for the month of July , 1SS(3 ( , 12.fl4 copies ; : . for August , 18b6 , 12,40-I coites ; for Sepb'm ber , 1&30 , 13OO coties ; for October , 1S ' 12Ii9 ) copies ; for Noveinbsr. 1Ss , 13fl4 _ . copIes ; for Jeccniber 1SSO 13,237 co1es ; for ; ' January 1ss7. 1) ) , ° Od copks ; for lebruary , S 2887 , 14,1OS copies ; for March. 1887 , 14,400 4 5 copies ; for ArhI , ISS7 , l4J10copies : forMay. 1887 , 14,227 copIes ; for Juno 1SS ? , 14,147 , copies. ' Gr.o. II. Tzsciruc. Subscribed and sworn to bofuru me this 1st dayotjuly A. I ) . , 1SS7. It3EAL.J N. P. Frir. . Notary Public. VontcntH of the Suntlay lice. Page 1. New 'ork Ileralit Cablegrams- 8peclals to tim Bii.-Gonera1 'relegraphtic iews. S Pao2. Telegraphic Nows.-City News.- Mlcolhany. Page 3. SpecIal Advertisements. Page 4. Editorials.-l'rcss Comments.- . S Miscellany. Page 5. Lincoln News-Miscoliany-Ad- vartisoinonts. S l'age 0. Council Bluffs Nows.-Mlscollany. -Advertisements. 1age7.-GenernI and Local Markots.-Ad- Yertisemmits. Page 8. GoneralCity Nows.-Local Advcr- tisemeilts. rage 9.-Society in Omatia.-Marquis do lAfayette , by Frank (1. Cementer. Pajo 10.-Sweet Fields of Canatiu.-I'rinccs U I'Ivotr.-1hio Cunning of the Spider , by Mr. R. 1t.-'l'he hebrews of Itussia.- S Ij Church Figlit Over a Wlndow.-Naturo's Mejestic 'pVonder.A Duel to the Death.- Advertisenicnts Page IL-Don't } 'orget the lJovil.-That Coward , by 'l'iioinas M'Naily.-'rhie Quaker Wedding.Connublailties. . - Educational.- mpieties.-Tbo IIIgh-Ilonnlling Jlronchio.- lloiisy for the Lad les.-lteiigious.-Musical snd Dramatic.-A l'oetical Apneal to 'l'en- cerl'oot.-Pepperinint Drops.-Singularlties. 3Advertisements. . - Page 12.-rhiree Types of Femininity , by S clara IioIle.-Ingorsoll on Iioechier.-A. rhirsty Paradise.-Conistock's l'roud Death , ; by Captain Jack Cmawford.-Mrs. Sharp's eTTOW. _ _ _ _ - TIlE number of celebrated mysterious urdors wliioli have taken place In ConS - S fleotiout within ttio past eight years is in : OXOOSS of lIkmurders in the bftlanoo of , the United States. For ways that arc dark.and crime that is hiddun the Con- , neotlout murderer loads all others. - : AFTER almost two years delay of jiis- tico , MawoB , the eminent St. Louis murderer , hit ! nrrlvcL ( at the conclusion S that his fate is sealed and ho vill hang on i ( the 28th proxlmo. The crank women of S. the Mound City arc still lionizing the , culprit by SOflllng ( him flowers daily. WhEN Thurston discovered that his clients hind put their foot In it by fatling - ' to get a majority of the council on record for the resolution awarding to the Re- ' : piibllcan the 'contract for otllcrnt advor- i thalng , ho boldly adapted himself to the - by claiming that there Is no ' contract yet , and could not be until the : , . ourt has dissolved the injunction. Then ; why hai the Jcpublican been flaunting - the inscription , "Ofitcial paper of the city" at thia heat ! of Its local page for ; S S : more than a week ? 1i i GOVI1RNOU PAvrisoN Is still trying t . hard to find somebody who could explain , Some of those 3hngular U. P. vouchers , When Mr. Popploton's able colleague ; Judge Usher was before the Coinjuis. . alan at ICnnsts : City the inquisitive ? chairman called iiis attention to the following - . lowing legal cpenso bills. li. W. S Dennis , Washington October 1870 0.31GC : -Cigars and liquors for legislators : ( $ Ii.044,80 , 11. G. Ingersoll for legal 8cr ! . ioos in Washington In assisting to got : pro-rata bill passed In 1674-47.500. Judge Uslieroxplainerl that there worc quite a number of men Interested in the S Union l'ncihlu statloncd \Vashington ' ; in those days anL they wore very hitingr ; sad thirsty. Tue Br.u has no doubt of It. Thos r 011 room follows always are awful iIr S , sud hungry. We venture to say uobod . ; ln those parts knows that fact bottei S thMl John M. Thurston and we can S rove it by hihizi if ho Is not decoycd or - . * notlior cat lists ocurshon the next tuu lie is wanted. .7 ThERE arc sonic very interesting eon : tributions to ancient history being miut ( by the PAcific railway commission I. While relating the history of the struggh for the location of the eastern turiuinu the l'aciflo railroad before the coin S k lssion at Kansas City Judge Usher , wh was in Lincoln's cabinet at that time , said : "The advantages of Sioux City ' Kansas City fliUt Omaha were vlgoronsl isdyocatod , but Omaha was flutally se : ' loctod its the terminus of the main road the other cities being reached b branches which were designed to con i * ect vithi the main line at tue 100th mo ridian. When the advantages of Omab r . wore first presented to President Liucoli ' be rinarkod : 'Why , I've got a quarte ( $ O0tOIt of laud coat there , and if 1 beat . S _ terminus at that Point people wii . lay tit I ani personally Interested In th . p aatter The fear of this , ' continued Mr ; ' : Uiker , "did ngt prevent Lincoln froni do ' dIvig fliialiy in favor of Omaha. " . . ut In duo time Lincoln wa ovorrnlei : andthio tormini4s * asrobocatcdbSIdno fllllons' nephew , who was then Unite tate circuit judge and Ia now the gets . .raJ coniulting attornej of this lJisloi Yae1lbo. - , - - - The Fiorut Humor of It. The supreme Joke of the. injunction suit against the city yesterday was the statement In Itosewater's petition that the flcptthbtcair "contract is so loosely drawn that it * places it In the power of said company to de fraud the taxpayers , ad hibituin , and said contract Is vlciou and contrary to soutiti business principles. " 'rue florid huitior or this lies in tue fact that the contract was copied verbatim from the one tinder which the lIEn lies acted for a year , the only change being in a substitution of the titles of the papers. 'lhie truth is that , 111cc everything else in the petition , this was sworn to recklessly , without any knowledge of the contract , or without any rciard for tue truth. In Its say it Is funny , hiowovor.-l7cpnbtL- cui. cui.Tiils Is by no moans the first time that the power of thiocourts had to ho invoked In Omatia to restrain jobbery and reckless - less methods lii the letting of municipal contracts. The supreme joke of these Injtinction stilts has been the discomtittire of boodlcr , anti the florid humor of it Is that John M. Thiurston is nearly always on hand to plead in defense of tim lawless - less and cOiTUtt methods pursued by dishonest contractors and unprincipled councilmen. It Is so atzaln In this injunc- tlon case. with all duo deference to tue voracity of our niiilisblu contemporary , we still maintain that this bogus contract Is loosely drawn , vicious and contrary to sotinl principles. Tue Ilorhil humor of it lIes in the proposals and the bid , which loaves to the piiblisiiers of the Republican the option to print the ofliclal adverLiso- monts lii any type they may see fit to rise , and measure the same by any standard whiehi will ylolti thionr the largest income. This Is the diil'ercnco between this PC. cellar contract and tiiose heretofore made ny the city. Last year and every preceding year the pub- lishcd ProPosais for advertising made nonpareil type with ten lines to each square the basis of the bid. This year no standard of typo or basis of measure- flout was exacted , and the bid of the Republican being blank on this vital 1)Omflt , leaves its publishers free to cstab- lists their own standard of typo and imlensureinont. Time florid humor in this case relates also to the course of proced- nrc by the council and tim mnothorts of procuring the award which we are assured - sured vm iuontieal this time with the letting ef last year. This is very funny. Last year the council tlirocted the clerk to Invite proposals for advertising by resolution - elution requiring each bidder to submit a sworn statement of circulation and ki take as his basis ton lines per square nonpareil measurement. This was done on tue first Tuesday in Juno. Bids were opened on Juno 10th and referred to time printAng committee. That committee reported - ported a week later that the Bu was time only bidder that hma1 coniplied with the requirement as to city circulation. After two weeks of controversy the 1iin was finally awarded time contract which wits voted for by a majority of the entire council and approved on tIme same night by president of the council l3cclmel who was then acting mayor. There was nothing crooked or irregular in the whole transaction , nor was the rate excessive. On the contrary wlmiie the mercantile rate for advertising had been raised by the Ban because of its large increase of circulation , the contract gave the city the rates of the preceding year how was It thisycar ? Withoutreferoimco to time express prpvlsions of time charter , and contrary to common usage , a notice was Inserted inviting proposals for the fiscal year ending July 1 , 188S , for hay , oats , Ice and printing. Itothakor and Taylor were In the clerk's ollico up to time last moment that bids were to close , expecting - pecting , doubtless , that they were to be the only bidders. Wiion they discovered a competitor in the itan , tlmoy deposithd three separate bids with the clerk. Taylor swears these bids wore Identical as to rates. Who ever heard of a contractor - tractor filing three bids for a job and all three the same In terms ? The discrepancy between the time fixed on time proposals and the time set by the charter for letting time ollicial advertising was such as to raise a doubt in time mind of time editor of tim BEE its to the validity S of the proposals , oven If they had not been altogether too indefinite about the S basis for measurement. Time city attor- fey WftS asked for advice on this point. and expressed time belief that no contract could be legally lot for the period of one year from July 1. Councilman has- call , chairman of the judiciary committee - toe , expressed time same views , and wont so far as to say that lie would introduce S a resolution directing the clerk to re-mulvertiso in accordance with tim provisions of tIm charter. Thereupon after personally conferring with a majority - jority of the council , who each agreed to S support the resolution for roadvcrtising , the 13EF'8 bid was withdrawn and time editor retired. And now itothakur and Taylor began their underhanded vork. 'J'aylor withdrew his two bids and when the only remaining bid was opened and referred - ferred to time committee cm printing 'I'ay- lot had this bid , which properly should have gone to Mr. Kitchen , tim chairman- who was temporarily absent-placed in the imanris of Manvihlo , a niomberof the committee. Then Taylor drew up a report awarding tiio contract tothe Republican. Thii was copied by Manvilic anti signed by Pat Ford and Manvilbo. hut time report was not presented until after midnight when olghit councilmen had retired and is bare quorum remained. Than Itothmakor had the report sprung on the council. Time charter requires that otteh contract or resolution involy. mug an expenditure of money shall only ; be passed by a recorded vote of a ma- S jority of the entire council. Instead ol ordering the vote taken by ayes and noes ) the contract was awarded by a more viva v000 vote-ia violation of the law , This bare faced job was railroaded through : early imoxt morning and the mayor's imp. proval procured to a contract at varlancc in terms with the bid under which it had been awarded by the council. 'rho con - tract was then deposited with the ctt3 - conmptrolicr. And the most florid hmummmoi of this swindle is that the mayor was fm Posed Oil by time conniving city at 5' tomney who solemnly declared that ; a the mayor's signature to a COn tract begotten by illegal inethmodi a was linhi and time courts alone could eel it aside. And wimen this smirno city attorney tornoy appeared before the court ho Insisted sistod thmmtt timoro wits no contract amid Li that thin couct could not legally interfer boeanso the provision of the ohmm\rtc ! ? which requlrcsa recorded ratification ol each contract before It Is valid , ipatl nql beoncomphlod with. . In other words tht mu ayer could not rue r strike out hb signature to a paper which had not yet received thu required vote of ton council. men , nor could the court r straln ttmo cityoflicials from carrying it into efloct. This Is very funny , isn't it , especially when time same attorney had Insisted all along that time council had done its work anti time concurrence of time mayor had made the Republican thmo ollichiti paper beyond recall. The Golden Nhore Fxcurslon. Time people of San Francisco and the Pacific coast ma general are mmow upon time verge of ccstacy , so to speak , It Is given out by time passenger agents of time various rallrouis : at time cast timat arrange- meimts have been perfected for the transportation - portation of upwards of 60,050 eastern tourists from New York , New Jersey , Pennsylvania , Connecticut and New Eumglantl to ttio oltion shores of time l'mtci. lie this fall. Sams Francisco already recognizes - cognizes its Inability to properly care for this great intlux of sight soars and possible - blo investors. It Is promised that they will be given a cordial welcome. They vIll be givcmi the freedom of time city at thu rate from three to ten dollars per day. 'rime golden s1om metropolis hopes there will be a Imuntiro thousand and "more time merrier. " Time tickets upon which time annommnccd 00,000 viI1 travel will be good returning timroe months front date of startmng. Sixty timousamid peoPle will leave a surulus of cash in tim golden city at time lowest possible figure , J a day for each traveler. For one day timid means a revenue to the hotels of San Francisco alone $ l8,0O0. Fr ninety days time voitmmmio would swell to il0,200,000. San Francisco caim well atThrd to provirie for their visitors in handsome style. In addition to hotel expenses every tourist is good , at time lowest Possible estimate , for 2 more per tiny. Thins it ivill be seen there will be added to the vol nine of circulating niodiuni Ia that section up- svard of $33,00OOO , and it is safe to pru- slime it will s-each $50,000,00 before the unsophisticated easterzmer3 hmmivo been iii- lowed to turn their faces toward time ris ibg sun. Are not timoso Ilatering pros. pects quito sutlicient to create broad smiles , and itchtimg palms ? Time San Francisco papers barn much wrought Ui ) at the timouglmt that thorn arc flt ( hotels enough to give tim necessary accommodation. They advise time build- lag of more hotels , now theatres and a cleaning up of the city in general. Time latter , of course , is badly needed. What seems to exercise the editorial mind most is time mtbsohmte absence of bathIng privileges. This latter appeal to capital and enter- prim is possibly subject to mibconstrue- tion , and it might be well that an explanation - ation be made before time excursionists enter upon their journey. It might be taken to mean that In time absence of time necessary bath priviioges , that this nuxiiary to cicaimhinoss and good health is not a custom of time San Francisco people. Upon the other hand it be construed into meaning that timecastern people will stand more in need of baths timmmn mmnyt4ming olso-timat they arc unaccustomed to such conveni- enccs at home. Then again time San Fran- ciscolan may know sonietiming of the eastern customs , and In order to keet : the tourists within their borders ttmc ninety days , It svihl be necessary to provide - vide timoni witlm such accommodations as they are in time habit of having. This im a very important question , and there should be no delay in settling it. The KIndergarten. There tins been a marked growth of in- tcrest within a few years in the kinder gartan as a umeans of primary instruction , and time success achieved where this sys tern has boon most carefully onipioyed notably in St. Louis , has served to stimnu- late this interest. The advocates of the kindergarten insist that it is time most ra tiommal and scientific system of primary instruction because time most natural. I employs the mimethods and means tint every chili ! uses in becoming famnihmai with its surroundings. It goes on the assumption that play Is an urn portant part of child - life , am timereforo makes use of the gamne of the cimiltiren to impart in struction. It happily combines won and piny and makes both contri bate to the mental iimmproveniont of tie child. its method rigimtly pursued is constant and healthy stimulus to the churl's desire to acquire knowledge. The underlying theory is that spontaneity , om play , is aiways serious in a child naiL imo frivolous , and that this should be di reeted to external fact and truth. 'I'imn these Shiontaneous power may be di reeteti and developed into self.cniturc independent action and the love c kuowiedgo. Time IOCCSS IS synthetic The object is placed before the child an nmoans and oplortunity give in a rational and barmoni ous order for the child's mini to work spontaneously. Time cimi1 observes , Imitates , reproduces anti in vent.s forms. Every stop , no matter hos small , has its signmflcomieo and almost tin coneciousiy inculcates its lesson. Thmer is the same change and variety that is ti ' 00 foend iii ebiid's play , and no ono gainer or lesson Is continued long enough t weary time child. The games Inclumb simple eatechmismus that bring into pla the various mtmselcs of time body unit in sure physical as well as mental develop meat , Romping is organized and mad to tie the service of time educator , and tim delicate fancies of time child are trainem in useful ways and with right models b fore it. It is easy to soc that time efFect a such a system , wisely conducted , mimi be to make time children eager seekom after knowledge , while at the same tim it is a menus of enjoyment and health : promoting rooreation. No child havin normal conditions and qualification would quarrel with sucim a system , aim the great majority could be cteponde upon acquiescing in its requirement with delight. Time first free kindergarten in St. Loui was establIshed in 1673 as an exporhimien 1'roni that Imavo grown sixty-eight , wit tin enrohiwont of nearly seven timousani cliiidnmsn and conducted at an annual in Pease of about 50,000. Ody childrei over six and uniter seven years are ad mnittod to the kitmtiergarton , anti alto oUO year's instruction there timey onto time primary soimools. Kindergarten oimi drets attonti bit ; one half day , so that tii expense of training is kept within tim cost of prlmar.y Instruction. Each kindergarten dorgarten is tinder the charge of a direc tor who lies thoroughly stuciled time mom ai'provott methods. and who is aided b one or imioro salaried assistants , accort hug to the numntier of pupils. Voiunteei unpaid as.sisants are rooeivcd 1n19 thos schools to study thoyem and receive immstructlons and pniictca trainln from thodireotors. When quniLlipri teey arc employed fl Pmtii ( assistalit , . DurIimg time last scimool year th5re were ens- pboyod in tIme sixty-eight kindergartens - tens fifty-two directors , , olglmty-hivo PattI assistaimts , and fifty volunteer assistants , time aggregate etP0hmditdre being a little over $15,000. The rcltilts arc stated to hmavo been in time hmigIlosdogreo satisfactory - tory , I 'limo merits and advantages of time kits- dergmrrton system have , certainly been most conclusively dcinoiistratcd in St. Louis , and svhimbe therp 'rutty ' be difliculties in time way of acloptiimg it its a vr of time publIc school system , it bias boeim shown that thmes are mmol lnsurznotmntabie. Time most difficult question to solve appears to be timat of adopting time primary instruction - struction to kindergarten mettmod , but Lvidentiy this Is possible of accomplish- mont. 'Xhmo matter is certainly one which may very properly engage the attention of all progressive educators , as it is now doing of many of tlmcimi. "Vive lioulangcr. " Such was the aeclahmmi that resounded through time streets of Paris on Friday when the favorite general of Fratico was about to leave the capital to assume command of time thirteenth army corps , to which lie was recently assigned by time minister of war. Tiimtt cry , with time cx- , ) rossions of poPular imostiiity to time gov- eminent wnichs accompanied it , was heard by time veterams president of the republic - public , who doubled time guard itbotmt his palace , anti was listetmert to by time imminis- tens whose appointmemit vas contiimgeimt upon time rejection of lloulangcr with probablyfrir from agreeable feelings. No nopular hero In France sinceGmimbetta has received such an ovatiomm , anti imad iou- langcr than proclaimed timat lie would miot leave Paris lie might have remained there surrounded by a follotvimsg which time government would have found It cx- treimicly dillicult to control. No reasonable mnair can doubt , after this dcnmonstratioii , tlm.tt liotmiamiger is cx- tramnoiy popular wiLls the 1'rcnchm peoPle , if indeed lie is not time most voinilar man In } ranco. It plainly showed timmit the efforts of President Grcvy and time ruin- isters of his creation to disparage time favorite general in the estimation of the pcopio , and to break down lmi influence have not been success- hit. It is not improbable on time contrary , that the course of time government toward Houlanger has hiatt time olYcct to make imim stronger with the people. Ills own course him been reserved , undomon- strirtivo , amrd to all outward appearances patriotic. lie gave ito encouragment to the vast crowd that asfl1audcd bins in time same breath that It denounced tim government. in alltm thi ho has acted with a prudent dlcretLon which time French people will takent : its full value. At the head of the thirteenth corps BOIL- langer will not be foigoton. What are thme. css1bilities ! ot the not far futur ? It may be idle to conjeeturo The present week may be a most event ul one for France. It vil1 witness tire c1osoof time national assembly , which it 'imas ' .bcen predicted would make the beginning of stirring events. There is no.faith In time porma- mince of time present ministry. it is hardly possible that its downfall could fail to bring Bouhmtngcr again to time front. In that event there migimt be happenings - penings In whmicim all the world would take an interest. S High 8ouudlng'rltles. There is a suit at present on trial in a Baltimore court under the majestic atmd Impressive title of "William 11. Perkins , worthy ruler of St. Thomas' lodge , against Augustus Thomas , grand royal king of the united and consolidated order of brothers and sisters anti sons and daugimters of time knights of four t men anti time members of 'tho supreme t grand royal house. " The grotesque ab- r surdity of this will not need to be urn- pressed upon time attention of time reader. But it suggests time question whether thmero is not "sonmothing too much" ofthis sort S of thing in connection with all societies cssentially American in their origin. Those organizations which had their beginning - ginning in the old world , undcs forums of a government where titles of royalty and a nobility abound , most naturally borrowed - rowed from these the designations of timeir oflieials. Not only were the originators of ' such societies most t familiar with this class of titles , but - timeir adoption hmml the excuse or juatmhlea- tion there of being necessary to Indicate Lgrades of authority and dignity whiclm vorc umiderstood by everybody. This if made them convenient for use , besides wnichm they lnmpartcd to the orders a ocr- fi tam importance and impressiveness in time popular imminl. ( in Amnerlcma , however , - those considerations do not apply , Not only have societicsorlginatiimg hero other titles which they can use so that the rank Land power of timemr oflicinis shall be prop T orly gnarled but time use of which would S. be much more rppropniato. 1-low 3 mmsuch better , for example m than stmchm a ridiculously CX e trzsvagant combination as "Grand Royal S King" would be "Most Eminent l'rosl- S dent , " allowing that something inert V than time simple title of hresidont or governor ornor simouitt at any time be necessary Furtimorimmoro , thme& 'myal titles nmtmst b 0 supplemented with all the tmappiimgs and 0 parapimornaiia hint are deemed mmccossar to mmmark anti distiimguishthopersons upon whom they are bcstovod. ( In thmo meet it logs of the societies afid on public nc it casmons tiieo favored ittdiviUuals arc s tricked out and bespimngled often in th 0 most gorgeous manner , making objeoti of themselves wimichi grottly cntortaii : it the children but lookextzonmoly m-Idieu S to older PeoPle of sous. fhmero may be ( I no ollbnso In thIs sont'df thing , unless Ii d be to good taste , but it : iseonsplcnously n nonsensical. it ought to lie reformed , sc far as all societies of Ajiwrcan $ origin al S least are concerned. AlE such shmommW t. eliminate every title , symbol and irmsig h ala that is borrowed from or suggests royalty , and makim their oflbemat desigima tions and their forums mmd methods coim a form to tIme chimmracter of time lnsUttmtionm tunder which they live. 'L'hmey will not It thereby Impair either their uwfulness err r their impressiveness , while they will be in harmony with time views anti feelings sO tjf Americans. 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - Our Clanm Hkn , I- Time citizens of the cultured east , espa it emily around Now York , are noted fet y _ their stupidity and general ignormimmee about matters at.tlmo grestaimd bouadIes r , west. The average Nest' Yorkoris selfish , 10 , moroenary alit ! the prom ! lossussot o1 . heart colder than an Iron wedge. 1mm il inor language , Ito Is a hog. The gcim- orous hearted people at the west wotmltt hot exoimatmgd dispositions wIlls time tiudes of time efrete cast if time entire wealth of Mtsnhnttan Island was givoim in boot. Deep , dark , grccmm jealousy of time cater- prise and 1)11511 ) of Oimmaima is himrkiimg in tlmoir bosommms , Ikicatise at Omaha's reedit - edit ox roast a clans bake was as well a inn of time tiny's festivities , merciless New York editors arc attotmmnthmsg to create time impression timmit Omaha Is be- conming too large for its clothes , and its citizens wish to make believe that bccmnmse it cami suport a chain bake it Is a scanort. Onmaima Is not a seaport anti no one hero has claimed mmcli , but the day Is net far distant wimcn this , time umost Cfl terprisimig arid rtmpltiiy growing city on time Missouri river , wilt be a port of entry. Omaha claims bakes , like time city , will be- comae one of the great Institutions of time vcst. Little San Francisco also attenmpts to put ott airs mind turn up its wino colored - ored nose at Oinaima's clam bakes. We amity not hmat'e a great deep salt water frc'nt , but us time city Is fast appronchumig 150,000 i'oimtihttioi ' , so will grow time chain bake antI all its sweet Inlinences of culture and good tunes In general. \7t3 ar-c prepared to produce an clii- davit that a clans was baked In Omaha on time glorious Fourth. A Spurious Report. Time Omaha mnanmtger of Duimn & Co.'s mercantile agency isiost emphatically pronounces as spurious time so-called review - view of building activity In lcadhmmg Aimmuricaim cities whmicir was sent out by time Associated press last week as cmnnnt- mug from Dunn & Co.-so far at least as it relates to Omaha. There certmtlimiy in a most decided discrepancy between the report circulated by time Associated press -in which Omimaima is singlet ! omit as one of time centers where time building listing- tries han reached time stage of stagimation -and time printed circular of 1)timr & ( Jo. dated July 1 , wimicim emuliodics the gcn- cml business outlook compiled revmew of comimierchml and financial operations and general condition of time building interests and real immarket. This circular contains time following tinder time bead of Otsmalma : 'rime busitmess outlook , In Nebraska , hiss not in twenty years been brigimter than to-day , with time one exception , that when time reaction iii real estate specimlatioms , which prevades every city , town and hamlet conies , anti it Is expected witimin twelve nmonthms , trouble must ensmmo tor those umerctmatmts and dealers who have gone oimt.sttlo of timoir begiti- limate lilies , and in their haste to get rich as- sinned obligations In time purchase of contract - tract real estate-really option gambling- which nmttst be met fronm their coinniercial gains , and , as a rule , time very ones who thus speculate hare not all the capital they 511001(1 ( have for their business wants ; with this cx- ception , Nebraska merchants are prosperous anl content. Nearly 1,500 cubs of railroad are building wltimitm time state ; new bridges , waterworks and gas lilants are belngput 1mm ; manufacturers from adjacent states are seeking - ing sites and erecting bmiildlngs. Banking capital , which has been somewhat dolicient In the interior , Is being supplied by eastern men attracted by the rapid and apparently permanent growth of our towns amid cities , and the higher rate of interest obtainable. Loan and Investment companies find this is a safe market for their funds , and our people are enabled to borrow time capital so nmuch needed in a now commnimy at reasonable rates. Mucti doubt and fear of restmits were expressed - pressed In time passage of time Inter-state coin- merce bill , but those imavo been , in a great measure , allayed. as it was found that haag- Inatlon mmdc thmo bmigbear areator timan it was , and confidence Is now expressed that the bill will prove benotleisi to time state , on the whole , in time long run. Nebraska lies good cause to be comitent wIth its share of favors this year , with almost a certainty of heavy crops , and with commercial and agrl- cultural Interests iii excellent shape , and 1mm- ternal immmprovemont.s liberally ontere4 upomm , we hope to pay 100 cents at immaturity , antI have a healthy surplus. Collections have been fair-and time rate of money is S to 10 per cent per annum , mostly the latter. There has booms manifestly mm mistake made by time reporter who compiled this review for the Associated press. There is nothing in it to jU8tify the report that Omaha is one of the progressive western cities whose growth is omr the stauistihh ( , and we feel thai it would be great injims- tice to hold Immnn & ( Jo. , or its local maimS - S ager , responsible for misrepresentations made by seine r-eokless or careless ro- porter. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The King Coos Down. The climax In tIme mad career of King Kalnkaumm , of time Iiamvahi Island , has booms S readied , and time king , though still oceu- pying the thmrono , has been shmorim of his prerogatives. Ills cabinet imas been hurled fromsi power anti a new administration ol ministerial ofilcers have becim imlimeud its charge of time government. At this moment time vjfo of time king , Queen Krmpaolanla , Is upim time bosom of time Atlantic enrouto from Londomm to : New York , and will lrobsbiy : reirehm the latter city about Monday. : 11cr mission to England was to raise ftmnds with which to aid time king In re t taming 1)o8SesSiOfl of the govermoimt , In which it is reported she was unsuccessful The dusky queen can not know of timc uprising of bier people until mihme sails ui L time bay at Now York. It is true she was one of the royal guests at the jubiice of Queen Victoria , and that may compen sate liar for time loss of a throne to which riio hiss no longer a title. Time practical dethronement of Kin ltalakaua is not ummexpoeted. lie imai r been carrying things with it high hand L Ho lost sight of the interest of Imis peopit and was pitmngirmg his govornnment hopelessly - lossly in debt , amid ho imimselt living a life of debauchery , ignoring all senses of morality and self respect , and his down fall Is but retributive justice and does not COO too soon. This lies not been r prosperous year for kings. In time Old Fa'.liion. A current item states timat C. H. Over- man , a Minneapolis evangelist who at- b tempted to preach on time streets of Sc- vammnaii , Georgia , without a pemnmit from time nmnyor , has been sentenced to time chain gang for thirty days. ( snotimer iteir , miss that ir. Bacon , who declared fronm time ltilPit In Savaimuch thirst lie be. hievcd time north was right 1mm time into var , has caused great Iimdigimntioim in t imat ccci. munity. Georgia proudiy claims that it the most ntlvaimced and progressive state in time south. IL huts immadu very tie- cided mrterial : progress within a few ycar , and If time assilrmmlmcos of time leading - ing orntor anti editor ol that state may be accepted without question It huts also' inmproved in its moral rind political eshmaracter. lint it mint bq granted that such facts as time above coining fruits time second vity of time state are culculatud to cast a doubt upon mmcii assdraiscos , As 'a s s-ds3I.M. . . . . . -.4 to the first of those matters it intmst ho confessed that timoovangellat comitfitted mmii error Its disregardltmg time nmuulclpnl regulation requiring hilts to get a orimimt froimm the mayor In order to isronchi on time streets. lie should have compIled with time 1av , regardless of his owis view of it. it lucy also be said that It is time sovereign right of time people of Sarnnahm to make such a rogulntlois if thmoy tb not want time gospel preached to timens in time nrinmitmvo vcy by aimybotiy anti everybody whmo may sec a dimmnimd for tlmi sort of immis- siommmtry work in Gmat city. limit we thmmnk everybody mmot of Savatmnatm whit agree that prittltig a imnur iii time chain gang for such mum oiroimse as timat of time evan- gehist in qmmost'ton is a Punislmnmemmt wimohly out of 1)roportiomm. Savorimig. of thmmmt sort of nersecution with which time present time is wholhy out of sympathy. As to tIme other fact , It SiflhIi3' simows that a great deal of time old sotmtimorim spirit still lingers notwithstanding time rolmetorlcat asur- ancos of Mr. Grady tutu others regarding the changed setmtimemmt of time new south. Obylotmsly time two facts mmototL go well together. A coimmimmunimity timmtt coimdommms an Evangelist to time cimainu gang for mu triilhmg oflsmmsc caimnot be expected to hmerr with equaninmity that time contest for time ummiont was rgimt. Evidently Savanimaim needs to be put to Its purgatioms bothm morally anti politically. PE1LIiA1's St. Louis can induce Colonel laim Lmnsommt : to pay it a visit. lie wotmid mt'ko mugood substitute. The Privileges of Lawyers. St. IUhti Glohe-Demtcrat. , , 'limo observer of current evcmrts In our courts amid our legislative bodies ccii not fallto , womiticr from timsie to time how it collies thmatso mmmamsy privileges are given to lawyers wlmichm mire denieti to cii other classes of citizens. Byroimme curious process - cess of fmtvoritisnm all time ortiimsary rubs of responsibility and propriety mcci to have beeim sumslendet ) ( for time beimelit of this lrrtictilflr : fm-atermmity ; mintt to be a law- ycr nowadays Is to enjoy inimmmummities that nimmount to Peneticuti exemption frommm ro- stithtits wimicim in time case of time great majority of 1)001)10 are stipposed to be iii- dispensibbe to time safety and welfare of society. Hardly a day passes that this fact is not glaringly ihltmstrrttcd Under time 1)1cc of professional privilege , time most flagrant breaches of personal rights itmmd cotmrtesy are commstummtby being coin- mnittod ; arid time victims of these outrrages are oxiected nnI required to submit , emu time singular theory that a man who con- tnivcs to gamn admnissioms to the bar is by timat happy clmaimco invested with the nu- timority to violate time very laws and obhi- gatiomms wInch lie undertakes to detinmo amid enforce. There are insults heaped upoim mvitncs- ses in commons legal proceedings by at- tormicys pretending to be ummxmous only to discovcr time truth , which servo to amake a nmoekcry of time dignity mmd decency that should provaii in time hails of justice. TIme lawyer would riot timink for a mao- mont of taunting and provoking a nina ripen time street in any such fasimlon ; nor would a mami tiums insulted 1mm nisy other place be obliged to forego the righmt of self defense. Individuals are prommi hitly anti properly lUmiShmcd ! every day for offenses - fenses which lawyers persistently indulge in for time miscro lIIEIO5O ) of confusimmg hmotiest witnesses mutid nmaking time worse appear the bettor cause ; runt if time witness - ness asks for better protection , time judge savagely informs hmini flint time lawyer is a much privilo"cil person , who nhimst be allowed to ct'oosc his own met1mocl of exaimmination. 'I'iiem are cases , no doubt , where the bulldozing of men on time wit- mmcm stand is justiliaTde ; but thmey are cer - tainly not so imunme4-ous that time attorneys - neys should be nerimmitteit to assume us a general iube timat witnesses mis-u always ready to perjure themselves , anti can only be prevented Irons doingso by sys- tenmatie rudeness on the part of time questioner. A still witler mind harsher lmceimsc of in- suIt is practiced towards litigants iii the speeches of time lawyers to jutiges and juries. Time imiost pronouncuti slanders are frequently uttered ; moms's imsotives are immmpugned anti their acts nmisruprcsontcd citmito as mm matter of course. It happens far oftener timat the parties to a suit are treated with violcmmt Injustice than that timey are dealt with in a spirit of oven tolerable fairimess. 'rime lawyer must make a vigorous and stirring atidress , hnd if time nmaterial is lacking ho proceeds - coeds to invent it , regardless of the rlglmts or feelings of the pci-sons concerned. In short , It Is humId that what a private oitm- zrnm amy not do witimout being knocked dowim or compelled to pay ciamuzcs : a lawyer may do witim time approval or time court , anti be accoutmted a ismedel of professionl force and skill. It Is tlifllctmIt for time average observer to understand why blackguardism - ism shouhm be tolerated as aim agency in S time emmforccinent of time laws wider aumy eircumsttmimces ; but there caim be no doubt about the fact that It isso rccognizodand thin all protests against it arts met with the uissuraimets simply that It is a privilege vested by cumstonm anti precedent in time legal profession. Ve are milso tmmugimt timuit a lawyer mnay Witim terfect propriety accept a fee for acting as lobbyist and iitmhping to PASS or defeat gIven scimemes of legishatmoms. If aim editor , a minister , a lilystciafl , or it nmorelmant takes money iim timat way we t say lie is bribed , anti the conmnmutmity dig. trusts mmd tienoflumees hinm accordingly. But a nman hmnviimg license to practice law S nary go into a legislature or a t city coimncih and , upeim time pretext - text of being employed us an attorney , do everything iii hmi power to cuibtmrrass the proper course of busness ! r and to timwart time will of time ioopltm , cmiii - we are estolpetL fronm tsmiyiimg thmat his Ieimavior is tlishmoimost and umischmievous. Time courts mviii not even require him to appear u.s a witness and tell wimiut he knows about time corrupt nppiiumees : which may Imave been used , by himseit or otiioms to bring about a inrrtieular rtm- sult ilo linus emily to say that lie can not give erich testimony without divulging fmiOt8 possessemi In his camtcity as a lawyer - yer , anti lie Is at once oxouseiL The simield of ; rofcs8ioimal privilege commveim- iently protects hums in all contingencies 01 thmst sort. No matter how importaimt his testimouy lusty be to time pronmotlon L of time luibhlo Interests , or time detectioim of actual anti monstrous crime , lie Is ci- lowed to withhold it by nioroly iltsatimlmg that ime hints a client in the case , svimo iias Paid him a retainer , anti whose seem-eta lie Is bound to keep. This is called hire- fessiotmal limier ; rind learned jutigos rimso- bitchy and solonmuly nplmoiit It its such. l > ossibly It Is iiecessutrj tote to a sPecial class so much iii time SYitY of privileges to prcvezmt the prhmici- Pies truth imiotliods of justice. niorailty maid promniety , vlmieim are mightily' appileil to S all other classes ; but If so , it hits yet to satisfactorily tieimmonstratcd-nmmd time S avnrum"tm observer nimmy therefore lie par- dotmoiffor entertaining some doubt uspon time subject , tosrythu least. 'an SVyck'it ixnoiicnt Work , ! t'Il III IIen2 1'la ii , Ec-Senator Van Wyck did seine excellent S sYork iii his expose of the B. .i M. land itmat- ters , and by time tbeclileim of the Interior tie- partment the gross fratitit that railroad iia been perpetuating amaln5t time govern mimont anti against time people in Ice seizure of ladout ot its JtmnIdictlon and above its Just dues are to be ovenhmeumlcd. 'l'hero ii , owcyer , more work for thuvigorous and - . - - . & . - ' - ' - - stiergotic old gentleman to do. Let bimi simmotlior his fnleimdsimip for Chiarles Franoli Athmmnms and time Union l'acitlo mount anti give that Institution a sicilian overhauling. Whmn lie opens out brmely on one of the itmoal soulless mnoimopohies that over ground a peo- lila amid brings the Uniomm l'noiflo railway conipaimy to umiierstimntL that time people have rights that immimst be respected , then time Flail svlhl again take him into its commiideuco amid atsist imitim iii succcetliimg l'addock , wimo is likely to be at limo most , a ligimneimead for the United States senate. The Matm roe Oimmahia. St. JOtS U(1Zht ( ( . Jaummes Tayioy , of 'rexas , killed four amen at a sItting atmul It vmmtim't his day for kilihtmg either. Otimaima would like to enmpioy Mr. 'raylor to svork immoumid a spell aimmoug hot base bail nine. TIme Charter Tinkers. Graimtl 1buiitl Iinfej'edcmt. ' , It looks as though the Oummmmiia liepumbilcan cml some oIlier tinkers got amore than tlmci' bargaimmecl for wlmeim they imvcnt to taimmpenhmms witim time charter. It is ccmtaium that timoit local troubles in regard to police and tire tie. mmrtmtsents tire seriously injurIng time city Ia both reputatlomm and progress. Time lirltigre Controversy. Ib'ctt l'otit , I'rufJtTms. If there ever syas ; a set of hoodlums thie7 settled nun lived and are still living in COtmim. cii Bluffs. As much as they tlctcst time Union l'mmeilic railway , a road wlmicim lies clone them moore dtsimmnge than ahi3 oilier ioumtl hums good , they take it up mmmi fondle It as a immotlmol voultl tier cimilti. Council llluiffs lies alsvaya been fifty ycams belmiimti time thmmmcs. Out of ite Vans Vinkle siecii it tiartially awakened last spring to limid time seeti titime past , amid imothm- lug but a stitch harvest of weeds to graze muion ) amid fill its sickly stoimmacli. It wanted n bridge. A coimlemmily orgammizel and asked time city for 5OOO0 , , wimichm was graimted , atmtl theme was a great blow of trnlmmpcts which awakened oven a few of time dtmck raisers on time samitly bottom. But they didtm't bimhiti I 110 , they rolled ovomnimd svemit to sleep again tmtmtil the Nebraska Cciftral tisked for a site tmtitber a cimumrtei whIch it liolti-ammil therm there was betilain. 'i'lmesc out foggies , headed by Evans , whose oniy imriose is to niche a stake , foumgimt bitterly time road whmlclm would hiaso diviticd time traihic witim time Uimioim l's. chIle amid cast ii faust ray of light eVes this densely tiarkemmeL ( cmiii dead cIty. By coimimivitig whim Major Stmter , govornimmommi ongimmeer , a tool iii time hmanids of the Ummlon l'ncillc , they lrocriretl a tkcisioim in Savor of time Coumicil liItiiIs lirldgo coimipany , which , in truth , is a ttecisloim lim favor of the Union i'achhic road. And how thi'mo , Is the piece whore time stick is iii the timitil. 'rhmis coin- PSiiY iscomimposert of four citaiists , frommi time Bluffs emma tour from Onmalma. But tue Oiimaha itmemi , bore they are , Unmlon l'aciuio itmen , every one of thmeimm. 'rhiero Is Guy liar- ton ; all who know hmitmi know he Is a Union Paeiiie man. 'I'hero is Joe Millard , who is one of time foreimmost In time scbisnme ; Joe handles nil time Utiloim Pacihic mimoney tumrommglu his bank. h'rank Mimipimy and ammotimer maim , both Uimioim l'achicmm , syore put in to till up soil dare nut imtter a vera agaInst the Union l'acllie , With these mslghmt men , four froum time Bluffs. who are oimiy vait. lug to soiL out to time highest bidder , cliii four from Otmialma who do not want tlmo brIdge , and when It conies to a hue point will riot build , what can Council Bluffs do ? And tuime lies worked with cii her power to upiioitl tiiommm lii tlmoir base treachery. Vitlm- omit this Nebmaska Central bridge Council Bluffs will go oim in lien sleep and Omaha will be seriously crippled. it Iimr&y effect Vest Point mitt It nosy not. Our advises amid impressions are that time Nebraska Ccii- tmal will build , aitimoumgim they have great timings to commtcnd wltlm. 'rime road is able to do as it pleases with time Bhimfhs amid Omimahma , and It may tiecitlo to build mit any risk. But there is ammotimer Plan , which we will not ummen- thou just at present , which the l'rogress would like to see acted umpoim. l'lmls nation has lii past booms rmmim by nmen , in a great measure , vhio arc time cheekiest immortals In oxlstemice , until they Imate booms cotimpictely sat 111)015. ) antI who are tools of great corpora- tions. A hittlo "settimmg" in this Instance would ho comninemidable. ilcaritig a Immngaroo Ilaby on it Hattie. Piuiiatielpimic Recorti : Keeper m1urrny amid his baby mire time jrimmcipnl features of immtercst hum the Zooloicmml gardens just at present. 'The baby is a long-h'gged , antI ussvkwmmrd little kangaroo , which was for- Hutkeim by ins mother amid taken iii chin-ge by the keeper , svim is brimmgimmg up the little waif on a bottle. Thus is a state of aflmirs timat has never boon known to exist before iii this country , If , in'.ieed , It has over- been lmoam-d of anywhere. As is well kimowim to s'slentists , thu fttnmulo : takes the young olmtj mit its birtii niuil hilaces it in time pouch which imuturo immms provided for time purpose , carrymmmg it there amid nourish- tug it fr : about live tmionthms , wimen the yotitig jumper is old enough anti strong ommougim to look out for itself. About four months ago the young kangaroo at tim Zoo wns born anti at once pieced lii time pouch by Limo umotimer. ihmero It renmainetl until \\'etincstlay , when time imiotimer bccnmme : frightened or t'ioleimtiy agitated fmoimi sonic tin known cause , nod suddenly threw out time young omme hme brat booms carrying. 'J'lme little one was not able to care for itself , anti the keepers minute several attempts to me- littce it in time mmsotimer's pouch , Each tinmeuts soon as time keepers witimdrowthe mnotimcr timmew out time youmigz one , tmimd it beeanmo evmdemmt that the little waif must be iroviileti for 1mm SQuiD other wiLy. It was so weak amid lmulplcss , mmmd Its Untimely - timely alearaumce [ was so contrary to thin hmaiilts and imaturo of time katmgaroo that time future of tim little one looked ox- trenieiy doubtful for it thmmie. ICeeper Murray hind mu bright idea. Ho betlmougitt lminm o' the bottle systoflm of time hummmur fanmliy , anti determined to try it on time charge which imatl iieemm left in his hitnmds. : A hmtmaitity Anizora goat was 1)1st to iasturc ) close by where tim kangaroos : mre kept , mmml Keeper Murray milked her jim it ttmimhler , _ lie thou fitted a large rumiber ) imlisplo to a imurs- imig bottle , cmiii lhlhimg , tIme bottle ss'itii mmmthk liii tried time novel exporiumotit auth foumntl to his great satisfaction timimt time little straiigc'r took to it as mitituiriti mist life. 'J'ho usitik was founti to agree with thin liaise , mmcii that immetimoti of feeding hits heomm continued mid is mmciv in pro- gross. About every two bourn tinning the tiny time little kangaroo hits a used Irons time bottie , amid to mill mrp.iaraticos . is thrivIng upon thin novel trontnment. When first taken in clan-go it was too weak to stammd on Its legs , but miow It is able to hop about mu little. Its body I , ; abomit mis large as timid of a smuutil eat , hut its limit ! , legs and tail tire immmimmmttirally lariro. 'flmtmio is. butt little hair on its hotly , tituS to protect It frotui time muir It is ; mut iii it box filled with cottoim , In which time little one burrows ninth hides. Siiouhtl it hi t'o , antI evurvtiiltig so Iimducmmtes. it sviil be a case without imrccctieumt not far its is k ii o wmm , - _ - tciituaelmles ( mets ft .Jolp. l'AmmIs , July t-Schnimumvbcles ) , lImo arrest of vhmoimm by I I i'm ( erti I aim pul he tm cmi em mm very ii ec r iiimitig tu catums built between ( Jenttuimmiy timid France , has tseotm tmppulnted to tm higher OML. tiotm lit Leon , lie svanted to mugahum ho Idaceti ( Iii the frontier , bitt this time govemnmimuimt refused - fused to do. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ An UniicnthfuI l'iaco for itoIlnrpm. Er.i'tso , 'l'ex. , July t-Jolmn ) Vanstoum numb J _ 11. Chimimi , 4tmiwrlcanswere arrested 'fhitmmm- 'lay ' isighit at l'aso del Nerte , Mexico , lit sammtl-bagghuit anti highway robbery. 'Jim lubeicican cotta IimiiktiJ4 hmlghwaV mobhmpry mm capt- tat online , amiil thoysyhhl itrobably be liut , as tIme evtaenco is cleat agmuimmst Ilium. ' . -s'----- Hank 5tntcftmoumt. ' NawYomtic , July 11.-Time weekly b4nk stattmnusuit shows time reserve iucrased so-'oiooo. ; 'FImO banks mmmv hold 10,1152,0011 1 * eacess of Lcub requIrememmts , - ' , ' " - 3 1- , I'- I's s _ _ a 1 ;