THE OMAHA DAILY BEE : WEDNESDAY , JANUARY 10. 1887.
F SOUTH OMAHA " Mil/ /
Itut In SOUTH OMAHA Is llto
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Cannot Conic in Without Kiill ami Piu1 Id til Blomc * There-
roads. I'orc purchase nt Sontli Oinalia
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THE REFORMS RECOMMENDED ,
The Heating and Ventilation of tbo School
Buildings of the City.
EXPERT OPINION AT LENGTH.
A Complete Change Recommended In
the Manner of Heating Many of
the Buildings The De
tailed llcport.
Some weeks ngo > n special committee
was appointed by the board of education
to nmko an examination of the heatine
anil ventilation , and also ofi the sanitary
condition of tlie various school buildings
of the city. The committee , which con-
bistcd of John Jenkins , boiler inspector ,
T. M. Ellis , architect , and A. A. Parker ,
physician , made a very thorough exami
nation of the buildings , as shown by the
following extended report , which was
presented at the meeting of the board of
education Monday night :
To the Honorable lloaut of Education of
Oiimlia Gentlemen : The undersigned com
mittee , appointed by your board , for the pur
pose ot examining the heating and sanitary
condition ot the occupied school rooms of
this city , would respectively report that they
have mailo a catena examination of the vari
ous school looms as dliccted , and submit below -
low n statement ot tlio condition thereof ,
with their recommendations.
17.AIII ) bCHOOU
The basement looms of this building , your
committee ilud to be o\cr-crowdcd with pu-
) > IIs unlit for occupancy , for various reasons.
The walls of the rooms re damp ! tliero are
no ventilating Hues , tlio rooms being lieatcd
by stoves , and the only possible method of
charging the air is by means of the windows.
The air was found to bo damp and Impute
for reasons above stated , nnd from the close
proximity to the vaults , Tito doors of thcbit
looms as well us the outside doors ot this
building , oieu | imvnid.
In rooms 4 nnd ft the resistors are seven
feet three Indies above the lloor , and the ven
tilating llncs. : > Q placed as to prevent a proper
ulhtrlbutlon of bent. The floors of botlt
rooms aie cold and the dryncbs of the atmos
phere Is complained of.
No , 0. Tlio register in this room Is on a
level with the tloor and less complaint from
lack of lieat is ttio result , it is , however ,
over-crowded , having forty-one pupils. and
being only 17x21 feet , the seating capacity is
bad , being too close together.
Kooms 7 ami 8. The registers are too close
to th door casings , nnd of all rooms visited ,
show more plainly than others the amount
of Impurities carried into the room by the
rcglbter , These looms arc Improperly von-
tilated. The plastering is shaky from leak
ages In tlio roof , and lm\o the same dirty ap
pearance prt-bcuted throughout the bulldlqp.
.Uooiitb I ) . 10 , It. 12 and 13. These rooms
ulbO show signs of leaky roof , and the same
Kvncial defects in ventilation are noticed.
CIKNKHAI , 1IKMA1IK8.
This bulldlnt : Is heated by means of the
Itutan and one other furnace , which , In a
measure , iccerve their supply of fresh air
from tlio room In which the coal Is stored.
The cess pools In their present conaltlon are
a menace to health. The watur from the root
Is precipitated close to the walls , rendering
, them damp and unhealthy.
IbU Tito committee recommends the en
tire abandonment of rooms 1.2 mm 3 of tbo
1/ard school at the earliest practicable
moment , as they consider the occupancy of
these niomb very deleterious to health ,
2d. The committee suggests that the pres
ent system Ui Improved by lowering the hot
air Hues in the rooms , the cleaning of the
Hues and the insertion of fre.sh air supply
ducts in the basement , or that the present
sjbtembo replaced bybteam heat. There-
pairs necessary in the former case are esti
mated at SI..VX ) . The Inttoductlon of steam
would cost about 53,500 , In either case thereof
roof bhould bo repaired , and the bpoutlngso
nrrangcdas to carry the water away Iroiu the
inundation walls , and would further recom
mend that the vaults bo removed and that
cither the dry kiln or flush tauk systems bo
substituted.
CASS STHKET SCHOOL.
ID this. building tliv registers ami ventilat-
ing flues are all In too close proximity , t > re-
vontinc In some cases the proper distribution
of heat. The blackboards are all too high.
In room 2 the heating capacity is poor , a
Etovo being put in to makeup lor tno de
ficiency In heat from the furnace.
Kooins 1. 4 and 5 are the only ones In this
building that show a reasouablo decree of
ventilation , while In rooms 8 , 7 nnd 3 It is
sadly deficient. The floors throughout are bad.
The committee would recommend the sub
stitution of steam for furnace neat , as It
would bo impracticable to improve or change
the turnaco system. Also that the flush tank
system of closets bo Introduced , and that the
floors throughout the building be icpaiied.
DODGE srr.UET SCHOOL.
The supply of heat In tills building was
found tooe adequate , but not so tlio ven
tilation , ot which thcro Is a general insulll-
clcncy throughout the building.
Kooms 4,5 and 0 hove double seats , and the
doors liom some of the rooms swing inward.
Tlio vaults were also in bad condition.
Your committee would recommend the sub
stitution of steam for the present system of
heating ; that the ventilation bo suitably Im
proved and that the flushing system of water-
closets bo introduced.
SOUTH OK 1'ACirtC SCHOOL.
An examination of this building shows a
genera ! deficiency of heat , although two fur
naces are In use. In only four rooms viz.
2,4 , fi and 7 is tlio heat supply ample. While. ,
in rooms 1 and 0 it lias bcou necessary to add
stoves. The ventilation is bad tlnoughout ,
with the exception of room 4. The black-
boauls are generally too high , the walls dirty
and the floors throughout the building are In
very bad condition. Some of the rooms , not
ably room 4 , are deficient In light. The doors
also swing In , and between tlio girls' and
bovs' closet there Is no partition fence.
Your committee would recommcna that
steam heat be substituted for the fur
naces , and that tbo flushing system
ot closets bo introduced. Where
the licht Is deficient would advlsu the
painting of the adjacent projecting walls
white , and that additional windows be added
where practicable.
IIAIITMAN SCHOOL.
In the main building of this school there is
a general complaint ot iiisulllclent heat. Only
two rooms , these ot Misses Kearney and
Krcnzcr , having an abundance , while the
rooms of Misses Itobcrts and Uaysaio heated
fairly well. In the IOJIUB o Wlsbcs White
and Aber , tlio walls aie badly cracked , and in
the latter show signs of a leaky roof. Miss
Roberts' loom has double seats and a bad
floor , and the doors of MissKearney's room
swing Inward , Tim ventilation of tills room
Is decidedly bad. The basement Is heated by
stoves and has no provision for ventilation.
In the annex there la less complaint. Tlio
heating and ventilation are good , but both
looms have too much light.
The vaults are In a decidedly bad condi
tion , being very olfensive.
Your committee considers this ono of the
poorest and unsatlstactoiy buildings in the
city.
city.Tho building should be thoroughly cleaned
and ealsotnlned and the Hushing s\btemof
closets should bo provided. Licht should bo
admitted to thn sub-basement and furnace
room of both the old building and annex.
CENTEH SCHOOL.
This building Is heated by means of steam
cells fastened to the walls of the rooms. Jn
the estimation of tno committee they are
placed too high. The rooms are supplied
wltha ventilating flue at both top and bet
tom. The teachers should lw Instructed to
keen the upper one closed In winter.
The constiuctlon ot this building Is poor.
In several places over the doors there are
large cracks , and the plastering Is pontly
done. The peculiar construction of tlio roof
offers too great an exposure to hleh winds.
The janitor's quarters should bn improved.
Wo recommend that the system of heating
by wall cells as used in this building be abolished
ished in this as well as In all future building -
ing ; , and that a proper sjstem of direct and
Indirect radiation be adopted.
l.AKC STREET SCHOOL.
Tills building Is heated by two Itutan fur
naces. Thu plastering throughout the build
ing is bad. the wainscoting Is lees * on the
stairs , and In general thn building shows bad
workmanship. The resistors are all placed
above the wainscoting , and the foul air ducts
at the floor , and the children are thus pre-
\entedfiom warming their feet in winter ;
otherwise the heat and ventilation are good.
The ( leaks are too close In all rooms.
The committee iccommciuls the general
overhauling of this building as to plaster and
waliibcotlng and the lowering of all hot air
registers to a level with the lloor , The vaults
bhould be abandoned and be substituted by
the dry earth or UusUJig eysteig , 1'roper
seating capacity should bo secured by erect
ing an addition to the building.
CASTEU.AK SCHOOL.
This building is propeily heated , but in
many instances the ducts of ventilation aio
rendered useless by faulty construction. The
chief causes ot complaint arc the vaults In
tills building , caused by faulty coustiuctlou
of the ventilating ducts.
Wo recommend that this work be over
hauled , and that the chimneys bo raised at
least lour feet above the top of all roofs.
FAH.VAM STJSHKT SCHOOL.
In this building the dry kiln closet cannot
be utilized at pieacnt.Vo recommend that
the luel room be petitioned otf and an en
trance inado to the closets fiom within , if not
fiom without , and that the present quarters
of the janitor bo moved into tlio attic or other
quarters. Wo doom it advis.ible , however ,
that all janitors' quartets bu made independ
ent ot all school biddings.
l.ONQ SCHOOL.
No. 8. Basement room , Heated by a
steve nnd no ventilation. The light is poor
and doois swing in instead ot otitwauily.
The northeast basement Is heated by a stove ,
no ventilation , the light is poor , and doors
swing in instead ot outwardly. The north
west basement has the same defects.
Kos. 1 and 'J. The radiator and ycn-
tllatois ate too close together to allow' the
rooms to bo properly heated , the room over
staircase is heated by a steve and has no ven
tilation only save that which the windows
afford.
No. 7. Its heating capacity and ventilation
in poor , and one Move is used In addition to
the radiator lor heating purposes.
No. : i. This room Is Improperly heated and
ventilated.
No. 5. lias same defect as No. 0.
No. 8. Ventilation nnd heating capacity
is lair.
Wo iccommend that the heating capacity
bo incieascd by adding ono more furnace
naco , and in these rooms , where the direct
ventilation Is objectionable , to have ncifor-
ated wood sub-bases connected with the
ventilators. Wo also recommend that the
rtosets bo chanced to either the dry kiln * r
Hush tank systems.
Lr.Avn.vwor.Tii SCHOOL.
Room 1. Tlio heating capacity is inter
fered by ton close pioxlmlty to ventilator ,
The casings atound the windows are badly in
need of repairs.
Hooms 7 and 8. The ceiling shows signs ot
a leaky roof , \uutllatiou is poor and the
heat Is ample ,
Itooms 2 , 5 and 0. The ventilation Is poor , *
heating cipaoity ample.
Hoom 3. Heating capacity Is poor. Ono
coiner of tills room has always been very
cold on account of defective ventilation.
Itooin 4 Heat and ventilation fair.
The basement rooms are heated by stoves ,
the ventilation is bad. Miss Johnson's room
in particular Is very offcnblvo , wo recommend
that lids building , asv"H as ( lie hong school ,
bo thoroughly o\orlmuled In tlio heating and
ventilation. Both buildings show signs of
very defective woik , the roofs of both are in
a leaky condition , The attention of tlw
board is called to the room ot
Miss Johnson In the basement ,
and wo would advise a peisonal visit
of the board to s o if the cause of complaint
cannot bo mitigated , The closets should bo
tieated In the same manner ai advised for
the Long school.
I'I.EASANT SCHOOL AND AXNKX" .
Hoom 2 Heating capacity is bad , and ven
tilation poor. The register In this room
comes under ono of thu scats in thn next
room , divided by a partition , the ventilation
and heat are lair. The flooring in both ib
bad.
bad.Itoom 1 The heat and ventilation arc
good.
The Annex The ventilation and heat are
good.
The closets are very offensive.
The brick btiildlni ! In Its character is such
that w cannot mane recommendations for
Improvement , and can only recommend that
it ba taken away , and a new school building
of right or nioto rooms erected in Its place ,
believing that this building is unlit for its
present use.
use.ST. . IIAIINADAS SCHOOL.
We find these rooms well heated , and
fairly ventilated , but the light Is poor. The
steam heating apparatus Is all right , but be
lieve this service could be so arranged as to
be confined entliely to the bchool , as leakage
occurs on account of other connections. In
the hallway on the lower floor a trapdoor
should bo placed where au open hole now
exists.
OMAHA VIEW SCHOOL.
We find the ventilation In those rooms to
.be poor , both being heated by stoves. In the
south room the stove "recently placed them
elves trouble ti m escaping gases , We
recommend that this should bo Immediately
attended to.
HIGH SCHOOL
First floor Registers in this corridor are
not heated though contaiiintr : radiators.
Itooms 11 , 12 , 17 , IB , 20 and aa The heating
capacity Is good and ventilation fairf
liooin 24 should have one additional radia
tor.
tor.Koomsno
Koomsno , 37 , 41 nnd 42 The heat Is fair ,
with the exception ol 41 , which should have
more Ircatiug capacity. The ventilation Is
fair.
fair.Room
Room 33 This room Is occupied by lady
teachers as toilet room , etc. Wo recommend
that this loom uo furnished with a nnw car
pet , ami bo fitted in a manner becoming this
building.
Kooms 20 and 81 The heating capacity Is
fair , but the ventilation should bo impiovcd.
Tlio conldors on the becond floor should bo
heated by ladlators , likewise the coiridor on
the third floor. s
Itoom 4a Is all that can bo desired In
every respect.
Kooms 4S19 , and 50 The heat Is good , the
ventilation should bo improved.
Koom 51 Heat and ventilation fair. The
window sashes are loose and need repairs.
German school room Heat and ventilation
ample.
Kooms no , 57 and 58 Heat Is very poor , so
Is ventilation and light defective.
We recommend that these rooms be aban
doned at the earliest practicable momentthat
the registers on the hrstcoirldor lloor bore-
paired and fitted to icceive fresh air. that ra
diators bu put In all the corridors to comfoi-
tahly heat ; them , all wardiobcs bo heated
and ventilated , that icglstem for
rooms formerly used for hot air be taken out
and tlio cavities closed up.
IIKCOMMENDATIONS.
Iii connection with our repoit wo wish to
make a lew suggestions , which wo hope may
prove ot inteicst to your honorable board and
a lasting benefit in tlio construction and ap
pointments of the tutuio school buildings ot
Omaha. In our opinion , tlio time has ai rived
when a growing city like Omaha should
adopt other and more advanced Ideas In our
school buildings. Wo have arilvcd at tills
conclusion after a thorough examination of
tlio vaiious buildings in the city and a close
bcrutlny of each room. All baf euicnts bhould
ba abandoned and used for other purposes ,
and all future bulldliurs ought to bo built
two or tlueu stories high , with ordinary
basements , to bo used for furnaces , boiler ,
fuel rooms , water closets , etc. That each
building and loom should bo built foi Its use ,
suitable and proper for the various grades.
That each school loom should bo provided
with closed wardrobes and teacher's closet ? ,
all of which should bo thoroughly heated and
ventilated In the most approved method.
There has been In the past too little care
taken In the construction of school buildings.
The points at fault are too numerous 10 men
tion , among which are , first of all , the loss of
space unoccupied ! which costs a largo amount
of money , the others too crowded , stairs too
high , stories too High , largo excess of light
required in some eases and not enough In
others , bad and Improper construction from
lack ot proper supervision , and unnecessary
expense and not enough In others ; doors in
all cases should be made to swing outwardly.
The time lias arrived when It Is questionable
economy to erect school buildings of eight
moms , having the basement constructed with
a view ot being utilized as school rooms , tor
It is wholly Impracticable to either ventilate
or heat them lit furnace or steam , as the
heating apparatus must bo placed below them
to bo utilized ab such. ' 1 hrce-story buildings
can be built with1 less steps to ascend than hi
the late buildirl s , as adopted , with high
basements and ewht loonib above.
Speaking of Ventilation , we should not bo
conteftt so long as anv Immirltles exist in
the air to be inhaled by the children of our
schools , If any means known to science can
bo applied to remote it. On ttie character of
all ventilation depends largely the health of
our children. , ,
In view ot the defects arising from Im
proper supervision of the work in many or
your school buildings , it Is recommended to
avoid this In the lutlire , by your board em
ploying a tlioioinrli , lellable and competent
architect , who should have full contol of the
planning and supervision of all buildings
used lor school purposes in the cltv. AH
cities of tlio Importance of Omaha in the
United States have louud It necessary to
adopt this suggcstlou.
AS TO IIBATISO AND VENTILATION.
"Vour committee would rcccoininun4 ; that
all school buildings of a permanent charac
ter having c'fiht ' or more i coins , that steam
be used for heating purposes , it tK-Injj com
pact and easy to manage , quick in Its opera
tions , with powerto distribute heat fo any re-
qblred distance or suttace , and Its operation
' ' both econouilcsil and effocthd boiub : >
direct and Indirect radiation. Direct radia
tion cannot be used in heating school rooms ,
except at the expense of thorough ventila
tion , and no system of heating can be recom
mended that will not need a proper change
and circulation of air.
The best known authoiitlcs upon ventila
tion agicothat calculations for a proper ven
tilation of rooms must bu based upon n no
less allowance than 900 cubic leet of liesli air
per hour for each occupant. Since in all
indirect ststems our exhaust and supply
ducts must be built sufficiently lartio to allow
of the passage of at least 45,000 cubic feet of
air per hour in n loom occupied by fifty per
sons. This result can be reached whore
steam Is used , by means of a simple and
ellectivo method as follows , viz :
liy oncablng the ladlatois In a metallic cover
ing of iron , to which fresh air can bo con
ducted by means of registers in tlio adjacent
wall , making thorn Indirect radiators , buildIngs -
Ings where It is Impracticable to place fresh
air registers in the walls , the same results
can be secured by placing boards having the
proper porfoiatlons under tlio window bash
and connecting them by means of flues with
the bottom of the radiator pipes and out at the
top through the grating in a heated condi
tion. This system can bo made very effec
tive \\lieie suitable exhaust ducts exist or can
be provided , the bust of course , being the
one nil re place.
When fire places cannot be constructed , or
where the exhaust ducts are at present insuf
ficient , these can be made effective by placing
In them a steam coll. Fire places , besides
being an effective method of ventilation , add
materially to the comfort and cheerfulness of
tlio school room , and can bo utilized In the
fall and spring to remove the chilliness of
the air. when it Is not desirable or necessary
to use the steam apparatus or can be used as
an auxiliary thereto in the coldest weather , If
neccbsaiy. A single coil of tour or more re
turns , six or nioio feet In length should bo
placed lioii/.ontally above the lloor and bo
covered by a gratini ; to enable children to
piopcrly warm their feet in winter.
In all cases whcru indiicct radiation Is In-
sulllcient or impracticable , very lair ventila
tion , as well as great economy of luol , could
bo obtained by the use of double windows by
raising the outside lower sash and lowering
the upper inside sash , a current ot fresh nlr
partly warmed by contact with the Inner
L'lass surface , will bo thrown Into the room.
Exhausts should bo provided to faolliUto the
change of air. A Hinglo thickness of class
cools the alrenormously. nnd , if onejls sitting
under it , a diaft of tailing cold air Is toll ,
which is botli real and dangerous. The draft
Is not duo to the entrance of cold fresh nlr.
but is produced by tlio chilllnc of a layet ot
warm air in contact with the cold blastwhich
naturally tails to the level of the lloor , Ono
of the simplest remedies for bad nlr is to lit a
board three or four Indies in width under the
lower sash. This shuts out no appieclablo
light and admits a cunent of fresh air which
Is directed upward tluoimh the opening be
tween the sash. These latter recommenda
tions of plans for ventilation uio not neces
sary where suitable apparatus for boating by
the indirect method is in use.
In recommending tlio use of steam for
heating purposes , consideration lias been
given to its economy and safety as compared
with other systems. Its economy Is sup
ported by the annual report of your secretary
lor the past curieut year , which shows that
the cost of heating tlio twenty-eight rooms
ot the high school , In its exposed condition ,
to ba 1,4&U1 , an average or 8W.11 per room ,
while to heat the thirteen looms of the liard
schools by means of hot air system , cost
Sl,14i42 , or an average of St > 7.b7 per room ,
showing a dillerence of 40 per cent in favorer
or the economy of steam.
In legard to janitors wo find many compe
tent and careful persons , but others do not
como up to our ideas in tills respect. Some
are totally unfit lor the work. None lint
competent , skilled and painstaking peisons
bhould occupy these positions bi'ing mote
economical in the end , consldcilng the great
expense of fuel and icpalrs. Tlio picsc.nl
wages paid these persons \\o consider hardly
enough to secure skilled workmen.
AS TO SANITAIIVCONIHIION Ol' SCHOOLS.
Wlilre the school rooms , as a rule , are fairly
well heated , the corridois , cloak rooms and
closets are entirely neglected In tills respect ,
in so far as comfort and convenience are con
cerned. The corridors bhould bo heated , and
all registers placed in the lloor , cloak rooms
enclosed , heated , and ventilated so that the
wraps Inay bo leadllydiied and warmed be
fore the children leave the building. In the
nature of things this should be so , as health
is the first thine sought. The closets in all
school buildings , except one , the ( 'astellar ,
are cold , comfortless and foul , llieelu'cts
ot these conditions upon health must be de
plorable. Picture these consequences as you
uuatucin to-day , and ju&t cue pouclusUm
is reached , and that Is disgust. Chldrcn are
human. They will not avoid these malodorous
spots until habits aio cnuciulcied which usu
ally continue through lite. Voung people of
certain years exposed to such a temperature ,
as we find in the.se closets to-day , are early
victims to disease , and instances are not
wantimr of indispositions from tills cause
lesultlngln death. Kemcdy this evil by
placing these apaitmcnts within your school
buildings , waun them and guard theiu , as
wo do in our homes and the blessings of the
tuturo gcneiations will bo your reward.
The subject of light in your public school
building's is brought to your nnticc.foi on this
' ' ' ' : o questions of economy and health
enough light is good , too much is bid. The
complaint fiom teachers in gencial is that
the window space Is too laice , and wo put
the excess at : i3 > ) f per cent In manvof tlio late
buildings. The olleet in an additional point
of view may not bo so pleasing , but the effect
In a hygienic sense will not disappoint the
casual observer , ; i he passes Irom loom to
room and watches the squinting and o\et-
slraincd oycs of the children. The whitened
walls and ceilings should bo softened by
warm colors , and the color of the blackboards
changed to dark green. These bnatds should
bo lowered for pupils ot the lii.st , second and
third guides. It is lecommendud that all
basement school rooms bo abandoned , that
double seating be condemned , Individual
desks are preferable , not for convenience
atone.but as a sanitary method. We call your
attention to the needs of the Kninam , Caatel-
lar , Hartman and other school giounds In the
way ot shade tiees and fences. Thu sidewalk
approaches to several of thn buildings are
above grade and should bo lowered. Wheic
street cars pass the buildings walks should
bo maintained at the main entrance : ) , The
foul air In the basement ot the rvard and
Haitmaii buildings is can led diicct to the
school rooms.niid capacious ducts connecting
the ftnnaco with the ont.slde walls aio required
in both buildings. The ono in the Hiutuian
should terminate In the noith foundation.
In our lemaiks and suggestions thus far
wo have confined ourselves mainly to thu
matter in hand. Now , ju t a woul about our
boys at the termination of their bchool lives ,
a tew fill positions of trust In banks and
other positions of trubt , but the majority on
leaving ate at sea , and home onterpilsimr
commercial college undertaken , for n small
remuneration , to diill them . In these
branches not taught in the public schools ,
such as book-kennln ? , banking , otc. Many a
time have we asked a parent , why a boy docs
not iittond school , and the answer Is invaiia-
bly : ' 'Oh ! wo are going to make a business
man ot him , and are , thereto , bending him
to the business college 1" Now , gentlemen ,
why cannot wo Have a business department
In our public schools where every lad fiom
fifteen to sixteen can have a thorough train
ing in bookkeeping , banking , telegraphy ,
cUtf Wo suggest to your honomblo bodv , In
all seiloiisness , nnd wo have no boys of our
own. that you consider this at an eaily day.
and wubeflfcvo you will have in sympathy
with you , the press and the public. A large
portion of our Klghth grade , who drop out of
siiht completely , will readily embrace an op-
pot tunity buch as we suggest.
nAnd now , gentlemen , ha\lne summarize 1
In detail the numerous detects In your public
school buildings , tlio next quest on of iatei-
cst Is Its lemeiiy ,
In the election of new buildings plans
should Im submitted to tlio boaid by compe
tent architects with building estimates and
bond. When submitted to the people tlio ap-
piopriation should cover thoentlrocostof con-
htruction. No fulsu economy bhould under
lie the election of these public bchool build-
Ings. We plan models of clcganeu and con
venience in our own houses , and why deny
them to our cldldiun , who upend onu-lonilh
of thcli young lives under your cure. You
are jospoiibiblo tor their mental and their
phjfilcal needs U3 well , and wlilloyouaio
mannlm ; for the nuteiial cost do not over
look the material comforts of our young presi
dents and their wives. Wo commend the
geneio lty ot the board and the committee on
supplies for the kindcrgardcn and manual
training appioprlations. .No money was ever
Invested that will bring better returns ,
leathers and mothers should co to thoto
places of leamlng , visit their clilldien , notice
their happy faces and ask the boaid of educa
tion to double thu appiopriatlon nextear.
The commodious maps on the walls , the artls-
tlcdiawlng upon the boatds , tlio chemical
and physical apparatus , the cyclopedias and
books of iflereiice , the elegant specimens
all ihpsc , and more. ha > o we noticed \\ilh
pleasure and pride.
If your committee has exceeded Its func
tion 01 constituted itself an advisory boaid ,
we DC : in extenuation that wo have abiding
laitli in the wisdom ot the ptesetit board to
reco.-nke any opportunity or means ttiat will
iuiprote or advauce our public school system
nnd place It In the front rank of human pro-
giess. Our future as a state depends upon
the astute and broad views of its educators ,
and no means should be spared to lmmo\j (
the noble woik In which you are engaged.
) OHN.INICI.NS | : ,
F. M. Ei.ua.
A. A.
Absolutely
This powder never varies A marvel oft
purity , strength nnd wholcsotnenesH Mor J
economical than the ordinary kindo tidi
cannot be sold in competition vyl li the inuN ;
titude of low test , short weight alum on ,
phosphate powders. Sold only in cans.
Royal Haknib' I'owdcr Co-103 , Wall bftcet.
New York.
WATCHES ,
JEWELRY ,
BRONZES
-AT-
Importer's Prices
MAX MEYER & BRO.
E. T. ALLEN , M. D.
Eye , Ear , Wssc & Thraaf
Room 9 Williams Building , cor ; 15th an
Dodjje bt6. , Omaha ,
Houri 8 ta la a.tn , 2 to 4 and 7 to 8 p. 14