ILY * <
IN *
SIXTEENTH YEAH. OMAHA , TUESDAY , MORNING , DECEMBER 7. 18SG , NUMBER 172.
CLEVELAND'S ' ANNUAL
TLo Nation's Condition and Ksquiremcnts
Tully Set Forth.
HIS ARGUMENTON THE REVENUE
Hcneons For Revision anil Reduction Lu
cidly Placed Before Ocngrcss.
HOSTILITY TO SILVER COINAGE.
Oivil Service Reform Shown to Bo Still the
Pot Policy.
ELABORATE TALK ON PENSIONS.
The President Dwells on Them Partly by
> r Way of Self-Dofense.
INDIAN QUESTION REVIEWED.
Hnrhor DcfciiHUH Itccotmiiciulcil
linnet IjCclHlnllon ltpiiilrcl | Mexi
can lluclptocity Treaty anil
Giittliij ; ' * Cnsc-Tlnj OIil-
IICHC OulrnjcH Xho
rislicry Qnculion.
Thp
WASIIINOTOV , December 0. Tlio complete
lext of tlio president's message , < leli\ciil to
lonyress to diy , is as lollows :
To the Congress of the United Status In
the discharge ut n constitutional duty and loi-
iovvlnga well established precedent ln lnu
oxccutlvo office , 1 hciewith transmit to con-
Ktessat Its n assembling < cilain iiironnatlon
concerning tlic state of tlio union , together
with such reiommcndatloiis tor legislative
consideration as appear necessaiy and ux-
pidlcnl.
orn roiti lov.nr.i VIIONS.
Qur government Ins consistently main
tnlned Its relations of friendship towaul all
otlici poweis , and of nclghhoily Interest to-
\\iud ihosu whoso possessions aio contiguous
to our nun. Few questions have arisen dur
ing thu past year with other goveinments ,
ami none ol those aie bevond the reach ol
settlement in iik'iidly counsel.Vo moas
\ct without ptovlslon foi Ihu settlement ol
claims ol citl/cns of tlio United btatesagainst
Chill lei Injmics dining the Kite wir with
JVm mid Bolivia. Tlio mixed coininlssions ,
organl/cd under claims conventions , con
cluded In thu Chilian government with cui-
taln Kuiopc.in states , ha\u dcvcloned an
lunnunt ol friction whleh wo tmst can be
avoided In the convention which our lepiu-
sentatlveat bantiago Is authorized to iiego-
tlalo.
TUB CIIINKSI : ejrrsTiov
The cruel treatment ot the Inolluiblvu Clil-
nesehas I regret to say , been repeated in
some ot the lar western states and terri
tories , and acts of violence against those peo-
p'e , bo\ond ihepovvi'i ol thu local constituted
authorities to prevent and difficult to punish ,
are reported even In distant Alaska. iMueh
ol this violence can bit ti.iccd to race preju
dice and competition ot labor , which cannot ,
liowuvci , jttbtifv the oppiession of stuingois
whoso salety Is guaianteed bv our treat )
with China equally with the most lav urea
imtloiiH.
In opening our vast donnln to these ele-
inputs , the purpose ot oui law-givers was to
invlto asslinllitlon , and not to provide an
arena ot endless antagonisms , 'the para
mount duty of maintaining public order and
defending the interests ol our ownpeop'e '
mav require the adoption of resources of re-
Btrfctlon. but they should not tolerate the op
piissionof Indlvidualsot a special iace. 1
am not without assuianco that thu govcuv
meiit of China , whoso trlendly disposition
toward us 1 am happy to lecognl/ip 111 meet
Uiihalf way in devising a eomprehenslblo
ienu < d > by which an clU'ctivo limitation of
Chinese subjects , wtio icmain In this conn-
trmay be seemed. Legislation is needed
to execute the prov Islons ot our Chinese con
tcntion of l MJ touching the opiim tratlic.
os iiir. isriiMUH.
While the good will ot the Colombian gov
eminent towml oui government Is manliest ,
the situation of Ameilc.ni Interests on the
Isthmus ot Panama has at times excited con-
ecru and Invited tilendly action looking to
the peiloinmncH of the engagements of the
two nations concerning the teiiltoty um-
biaced In the Inter-oceanic tiansit. With
the subsidence of the Istlimiati disturbances
and the eitetlon of the Mate of I'.uum.i into
u icdeial dlbliiet iindei thedliect govcinmcnt
ol the constitutional adininistiatlon at
Hogota , a now older of things has been Iti
miguiated which , although asel expeiiinon-
tal ami alfordlns scoi > ofoi .uhitraiv exercises
ol powei by the delegates of the natlona !
aiithoiit ) , piomlses much Impiovemcnts.
WIJII I I IIOI'I AN I'OW I ! ! P.
The svmpathy between thu people of the
United Stilus ami Fiance , bom during our
colonial stimgln lei independence , and con
tinuing to dn > , has niched a tiesh impulse
In thosiucesstul eoiiipU tlon and dedication
of the colons ilstatuo of "Ubeity F.nlighten-
Ing the \VoiId" \ In New Yoik burbot , thegllt
of Fii'iichmcn to Ameilcaiis.
A convention between the United State' '
and oe'italn other powcis lei thn protection
of suhmiuiiio cables vv is slgne'd at I'aitson
.Maieh 14 , Ibbl , and has been did ) ratlliedand
pioelalmed by this government. H >
.usiccment between tliehlgh eontiactiug nu-
lies this convention Is to eo Into cllcet
thulht ot Jaiiuai ) next , but the leglslition
icqulredfor Its execution In the United
Mates has not jet been adapted 1 c.unestl }
lecoinmeml Its en tctment. ;
Cases have ( ontlnueii to occur In ( iprmanv ,
giving rlselomuch coiiesiiondcnce , In lela
tion to the privilege of sojourn of oni natnr-
allA'dcltl/ens ot ( iermiin oilgln levisituiL
the laud ot thrli birth jet 1 am bapp > ti
htato that our lehilloiis with ( hit umnliy
hivolost none ol thelt ucciiatoniedeoidlallty.
'Iheclalnis tor Inteiest upon the amount ot
tonnai.'t'dui's illegal ! ) ! exacted tiom ceitaln
( ieimiin steamship lines weio lavoiably le
polled In both hoiiM.s of conmess at the I ist
session , and I trust will reoeho tlnalu and la
voiublo .utlon at an early day ,
11 IK CANADIAN riSlll.ltlKS.
The leciimiiiciidatloii contained In mv last
iinniml ines ige in iclitluii to a mode ot set
tlement of tlioilshi'iy ' lights In tlui waters 01
Ililtlshoith Amiirlca , so Ions a suoji'ct ot
anxious dlllcii'iutt between the L'nUedbtates '
and ( ! reat llrltaln , was mot bv an advorio
\otuolthosennteAptll li ! last , and theic
njion niuotiatloiis vveie instituted to obtali
nn agri'eniL'iil with liei Jlrit.inle iinie tj's
governiiient foi the promulgation of fuel
joint Intel pretntlon und delliiitlon ot thu
in tick ) ot the I'iMnentloii of 1-lb
to the teiilloilal wateis and Inshore
of the ItiltUh provinces as hhouli
thti C.inadlan lUhts from encioach
iiu-iit by United States lisheimen. and , a
the same time , Insuio thu elijin mont by thu
latter of the privllego- , guaranteed to then
b > biu'h ooint'ntloi ) . Tlioiuestliins | invohei
.11 u of long bUndlng , of giavo coiibequeuce
and I rom time to time , for ni'.uU threu 1111,11
ler ol acontury , buvo given IMI ) tot'.uni1'
InteliiatloiinliiNeiusIonsnot iiiiaci'ompaiilei
by in lalion. 'IVninonuj .iriaiuc'iuent b'
'leatles have M'rvtxl to alia ) friction , which
nowever , has lowved as each treaty wa
teimlnnted. 'iho last uiraiiKeiuent. unili
the tiiMty ol 1S71 , WUH abioa'ated alter duo
notice by the United Mates , Juno : .0 , l\sj
but I wns enabled tooutaln lot out linlit'imei
tor thu remainder of that AC.IMIII the I'tijoj
meiit of thu pilvlleues uccoulod l > \ tlio
leinnnatlni : treaty. The joint eommissloi
by whom the lieat ) hid been involuted
nlthough invi'-tcd with plenar ) i > o\\t'r t <
make permanent r > cttluuuMit , wore conten
willi trmporaiy arraiiciMiientd , uller the
tiiinlnation ot which thoiiiuMIon wa iele
( .Mtnd lo the t > tIpuIatUms of thu treaty o
1Mas ( o thu llrbt uiticlu of whlcl
no { niutnictlon satUtai ( ory lo boll
lonntiiishas ever been agreed upon , The
i\n \ > ; ; ic i of < fv HI Mllou and b'ioth ot popu
In thu Jlrltish pro Uu s to wl irh tl u
. hi < ii.c-.liou 4ie coiititiiMiis , and then
on ot ooninieri'inl niUrcoiiuu bo
hvinu Itumruid tht ) United Sialc . presm
to-dtt ) u condition ot uifniis bcarcv1) reii t
uble ul ( lie Untuol 1Mb. 3ow iVuU > > u > t inter
e-sls have l > ccn brought Into existence. Modes
of intercoms ! between the respective conn-
tiles have been Invented and multiplied , the
methods of conducting the tWierics have
been wholly changed , and all this is necfs.
sullventilled tocandld and caieful consld-
eiatlon in the adjustment of the terms and
conditions of intercourse and commerce be
tween Ihe t nlled .Stiles and their noUlihors
aloiigafreiiiticr ot over ViCO miles. Ibis
proplnquttv , ( oniniMiilty of language and oe-
tiipillon and slinllaiity of political ami so-
elal Institutions Indicate the piactleablllt )
and obvious wisdom ot malntilnlne mutu
ally beneficial and friendly lelatlons.
Whilst I um tinfelsncdly deslious tliat such
icl itlons should exist between us and the In
habitants of Canada , ) et the action of Iheli
otllclals dm Ing lite past season tow aid oui
lisheimen has been snob as to seilousl )
Uneaten theli contlninncc. Although dts-
apuolnlcd In my efforts to se
cure a salisfactoty settlement ot
the lishery question , negotiations aio s.tlll .
pending with reisonablo hope that befoio
timeline of the piesent session of congress
in advancement ma ) b < j made and an ac-
eptable conclusion reached. At an c.ul )
la ) theie nn ) he1 laid beloie congress the
'onosponilcnco "I thedepartmentol state in
elation to this important subject , so tint
he history of the pist iishlntr season ma > bu
; ull ) disclosed und tlio action and theattl-
ude ot Iho admlnlstiatloii full ) lOtiiPic-
leniled. Moie extended lefe.encc Is not
Iccmed necessaiv In tlilscommniite atlon ,
orn wi SIIISN summon" .
The lecommenil.ilion submitted lastvc.it
that piovl-don bo made foi a piellminary to-
eoiinolssanco of the conventional buuitdarv
Hue iM'tween Alaska and Ililtlsh Columbia
is renew cd.
1 expicss my unhesitating conviction tliat
the Intimacy of mil lelatlems with Hawaii
should be emphasl/ed. As a icsult of the ru-
clprocit ) tieaty ott > " > these Islands , on the
highway ot oilctitat and Australian tialllc ,
aru vtiluall ) an outpost ol American com-
mcicuandu hteiipiinr stone to thu glowing
Iraduot the I'.icllie. The l'oliieslan island
groups liive been so absorbed In othei anil
moio powerful governments that the Ha
wallan islans aie left almost alone in the en
joment of tliolr autonomy , which It Is
Impoitant lot us should be piescived. Out
treaty Is now tcimlnable on one jear's no
tice , but pioposltions lo ahioir.iti ) it would be ,
in ni ) judgment , most ill advised. T he p.u.i-
mount inlliiencu we have theio ncquiicd ,
once lelinquislied , could only with dmieult )
be legaineil , unit a valuable coign of vant.mu
fet ourselves might ho convoited into u
stioiiL'hold lei oni commeicial competl'ors , I
firstly recommend that the existing lie.Uy
stipulations bu extended fora luithei term of
seven ) u.us. A iccentl ) signed troatv tothls
end is now befoielhe senate , flic Iiupott-
ancoof telcgtaphle communication between
these islands and tiiu United Mates should
not be overlooked.
The question of a general tevislon of tlio
treaties ol Japan is a.ilu under discussion
at Toklo. As the Hist to open lel.itions w lib
Jap in , thu United btates have lost no op-
poilnnlty to testily theii eonsistunt tilend-
ship by supportinir the just claims ot Japan
autonomy ami independent o among nations.
A Heat ) of uxtiaditlon between the United
btates and Japan , the Hist concluded b ) that
cmplic , has been lately pioclalmed.
1.1111:1:1 : v.
The weakness of Liberia and thedilllciiUy
of maintaining effective soveiciKiitv. over the
ontljinic dlstilcts have exposed that icpubllc
to encioichinent. It cannot bo foigotton
that this distant commiinit ) is an ollslioot of
our own sstetu , owing its origin to llio asso
ciated benevolence ot American citl/ens ,
whoso praisewoithy etToits to cioale a
nucleus of eiv libation in the Dark Continent
have commandrd respect anil sytnpitby
everywheie , cspechlly In this country.
Although a loira.il protcelorate ovei Liberia
is contraiy to our tiadltional pollu ) , the
moral right and duly of the United Mates to
assist In all proper ways In the maintenance
ot Its Integrity Is obvious and has been con
sistently announced during nearly hull a
cciitiny. I recommend tliat In thoicnriMiii-
/.Mon of our navy , a small vessel , no lonitei
found ailequate to our needs be mesontcel to
Mnutli. to beemploed by it in the protec
tion of Its coastwise io\enues.
MEXICO AND 11IK I'MII'.I ) STVT1. .
The encouraging development ol beiielicial
and intimate iclations between the United
and Mexico , which has been so maiked
within the past few ycats , Isat once the occa.
sion ot congratulation and ot Irlendlv solid
tilde. 1 niguntl ) iciiovv my lei met lepiesuii'
tatlon ol the need ot speedy legislation by
congress to cany into effect thn iccipiocitv
commercial convention ol January 'M ,
Iv8-f. Our comuieielal treaty ol IS-'il
with Mexico vvas terminated accenting to its
iiiovisions in IbM , upon iiotiheatlon given
by Mexico In piirsuincu of bei announccil
polic ) of tcc.istlng all her commeicial tieaties.
Mexico has since completed with sevcial for
eign gov criiments new treaties of coiiimeice
and navigation , dolinjng alien ilglitsol tiade ,
piopeity and lesielonce , tieatment of ship
ping , consulai privikges and the like. ( Jut
vet unexecuted reciprocity convention ol
lbb.1 coveis none of thcsn points , the settle
ment of which is so neecssiry to good lela-
ttonship. 1 iiropoto to initiate with Mexico
negotiation ? lorn new and cnlaigcd treat ) of
coiumeice and navigation.
Jn compliance with a resolution of the
senate , i communicated to tint bodv on
August" last , anil also to llio house ol repre
sentatives , tliu cuncsponeluncu in ( lie case
ol A , K. Cutting , an Aniuiicaii
eltl/en then Impilsoncd In Mexico ,
chuigcd with the commission of a
penal oifunso in Texas , of which a Mexican
citizen w.is thu object. After demand hail
been mule lei hlsieleaso the chai go against
him was amended so as to include a violation
ot Mexican law within Mexican tuirltoir.
Thislolntlerof alleged olTenses , one within
and the other exterior to Mexico , Induced mo
loonier a specld investigation of the case ,
pending which Mi. Cutting was lelcased ,
The Incident has , however , disclosed u claim
ot jurisdiction bv Mexico novel in our Ins-
tor ) , whereby any oilen e , committed nnj-
whom by ft foreigner , penal in thu phce of
Its commission , and of which a Moxlcan Is
the object , mav , if tlio oll'indei be found In
Mexico , bo theie tiled and punished In con-
foimlty with Mexican laws. Jurisdiction
was Rustilneil by the couits of Mexico In the
Cutting c iso and appuned by thu executive
bianehof that government upon the autlioi-
II ) ol a Mexican statute 'Ihe apjiellatocouit ,
In lele.islng Mr. Cutting , eleel led that the
abandonment ol the complaint by the Mexi
can elti/eiis aggrieved by the alleged eilmo
( a IIUilous publication ) lemovcd the bisls of
tuithei prosecution and also declared justlco
to have been sitlsiicd by the enforcement ol
a small partol tliu orlglml sentence , 'Iho
admlsalun ot such a pretension would lie at
tended with soiinns u > siilts Invasive ot thu
jiiiisdlctlonof this government , and highly
dangerous to our eitl/ons In lorelgn lands.
Theiefoiu I have ) denied It and protested
against its attempted exeiclse as un-
wauanied by tliu principle ; , of law
and Intel national iibiges. A so > eielgn
lias jurisdiction of ollen-es which tike effect
within his territoiy , allhoiuh coneorted 01
commenced outside of It , but the light IB de
nied ativ InrelL'ii soveielirn to punish a eltl-
/en ot the United Mates for an otloiiso con
summated on oni soil In v lolallon of out law s ,
even though tlio olfonsu bo against a subject
oreitl/en of such sovereign , Thn Mexican
btatutu in question makes thn claim bio idly ,
ami thi ) prlnclulu , if conceded , would cri'alu
iidual luspuiislbilU ) in the litl/en and lead
toaconliibloninstructive ot tliat ret taint ) in
thulivv which Is an essential ot liberty ,
When citizens of the United Mutes voluii-
t.irll ) go Into a foreign round ) , the ) must
abidnb ) the laws them In toice and will not
he piotecled bv theii own gov eminent fiom
the consequences of an otfunsu against these
liws committed in such foreign count ) ) .
Hut watchful caio and Intcicst ot this gov-
eminent overltsiltuens aio not relinquished
because thuy hav u gone ahi oad ; and i t'chai 1:1 d
with crime committed In thu foreign land , n
fair and open trial , conducted with decent ie-
gard foi justice and humanity , will bo de
manded feu them. With less than that this
government will not bo content when
thu life or Hbert ) of itscltl7ens Is at stake-
Whatever the deirren to which extra let-
i iturlil criminal Jin Ibdletlon may have been
funnely ! allowed by consent -and leeiproeil
agreement among entaln of Iho Luropean
states , no sueh diK'trlno or practice was ever
known to the laws of this country or of that
\vliiihourinstitutioiisliavoinaliil ) been
eleiiveil. In the c.isu of Mexico theio ure
reasons especiallystioujr forpeilect haiiiiony
in the mutual excrclso ot juiUdlctlon ,
Natuie has m&do us irrevocably nekhbois ,
and wisdom and Uin.il feclllig should maltu
1 . The ovurilow of capital and en-
Jiom Uiu United btates is a potent
Jactor In A TstlM thedevelopmept of th
lesou ra rt Me\ico and 1n bulldlug up Ui
l'iosKrily | of both counluw. To assUt thl
good work till gtouuds of apprcLcuslon o
the security of person and property
be removed , and I trust that In the inteiests
of rood neighborhood the statute refcried to
will be so modified as to eliminate the picsent
possibilities of danger to the peace of the two
eouutiles.
OTiinn i xn .
The government of the Netherhnds Ins
exhibited concern In relation toceitaln feat-
uics of our tirilf laws which ate supposed by
them to be aimed at a class of tobicco pro-
Iticeel In thu K.ist Indies. Comment would
> eem unnecessary upon the unwisdom of
c islation appearing lo hive a special
latlonal illscrlmlnatlon Tor It , object ,
which , although unintentional , ma ) give lisa
.o injurious relations.
The establishment. less than four > ears
ago. of u legation ut Teheran Is beailng fruit
n the Interest exhibited bv the shah's gov
ernment In the Inilust-I.il actlvltv of the
United Stales ami the opportunities of IH.MI-
'iel.il Intel changes.
blablu crov eminent is now happily lostored
in Teru by the election ol n constitutional
president , and a pe ilod of ichabllitaUon is
entered upon , but iceoH'iy I' necessarily
slow from the exhaustion caused by the late
win and civil disturb inees. A convention to
adjust b ) aibltiation claims of our eiti/ens
h.ibbeen promised and is mulct consldci.i
tlon.
tlon.llio naval ollicei who boieto Siberia thu
testimonials bestowed b ) emigre-is In lucog-
nitlon ol thu aid given to Hit1 .le.umetto sur-
vlvois has accomplishes ! his mission Ills
liiteiestliig leport will he submitted. U Is
pleasant to know thai this m.irk ot nppiecla-
tlon has been welcomed b ) the Itussinii gov-
eminent and people as befits the ti.i-
illtionil friendship oi tliu two countiies.
Civil peituiballonsln tlie Simoait Isles has ,
dining the past few .vc.us , been a souiee ot
considerable ; embarrassment to thn three
governments ( Jermany , dreat Dritaln unit
the Untteil btutus whose lelatlons andcxtia
teriitoiial rights In that Important uioup
mo giiiiianteeil ti ) lieatles. 'Ihe weakness of
the native adminlstiatlon , and the conflict
ot opposing Inteiests in the Islands , have led
King Malleloa to seek alliance oi piotection
in some one quartet , leg.udless ol the dis
tinct engagements wheieby no ono of the
tlucotie.it ) poweis may acquire any pna-
mount oi exclusive , inteiest. In May last
Malloloa offeied to place b.imiuundci tlio
pioteetion of Iho United States , and the late
eonsn ] , without iiulhoiit ) , assumed to giant
it. The ptoceullng was piomiitlv disavowed
and the over /e.ilous official leealled , bpccial
agents ot thu three governments havu been
deputed to examine thu situation In thu Is-
luiuK \ \ Hli a change in theieprusentationof
all tlnce powers , and a haiinuntous uiidet-
standing between them , the peacepiOspciity ,
aulonlmous adiulnlstiiition and ncntialit )
of Uamoa can h nelly fall to bu seemed.
It appealing that the gin-eminent of bpiiu
did not extend to the Hag of the United
Mates in the Antilles the whole ineasuio of
recljnocity u'ljuisito iindei our statute lor the
continuance ot the suspension ot discrimina
tions against thn spinlsh ftag in oni ports , I
waseonstialned , in Octobei last , to lesciuil
m ) piedccesafli's pioclainalion ol Fubiuary
U , Ibb4 , pel milting such suspension. An ar-
langemont was , howuvei , speedily leached ,
and upon notification liom the government
ot Spain tint all dilleientlal tieatment ol our
vessels ami then caucus , fiom tlio United
States in liom anv loielsrn coiinM v , had been
completely and absolutely lelliiqulshed , I
availed mj sell ol' the iliseietion uonfeircd by
law , and Issued , on tlic' 7lh clav of Octobei ,
my proclamation declaringii'eiprocal suspen
sion in the I tilted States. It Is most gtatiiv-
ina to be ir testimony to the earnest spint In
which thu gov eminent ol Ihu queen regent
li.is mot our itlotts to aveit the initiation
ot commcteial dlscilmliiiilions , which aio
everdlsasttotis to thu nmteiml inteiests and
the political good will ol the couiitiies the )
ellcct. The piohtabln development of the
laico commeicial exchuigos between the
United Mates and the bp.intsh Antille , is
naturally an object of solicitude. Lvlnp
close at oui doois , anil finding here theli
main maikcts ol supply and demand , iho
wellaro ot Cuba and I'orto Uiro and theii
pioduutlon and tiade are scarcelj less im
port int to us than to bp.iin. Then eommei-
cial and linanei.il moves aie so naturally a
p.ut of oui sstem that no obstacle to fullei ,
ireui inteicoutso should bupcimittcd to exist.
The standing instiiictions ot out represen
tatives at Madrid and Havana have iorveats
been to leave no elfoit unessaveel to luithei
tlieso ends , and at no timu has the equal good
elesiio of Spain been more liopetullv mani
fested than now. Tliegovuriimentotbpain.ln
thus leiuoving the coustilai tonnairu fees on
canoes shipped to thu Antilles , and by ledttc-
Ing passpoit fees , has shown Its iccojnltion
ol Ihu needs ot less liammeled Inteicoiiise.
An effort has been made dining tliu past
) eai to temovu the hlndiances totho piocla-
mition ol the ttcaty of natuiall7ation with
the sublime portc , siened in 1S74 , which has
lemained inopeiativc owing to adisigiee-
ment ot interpretation of the clauses
relative to thu ellccts ot the icttiin
to and bojoinii ot a naturali/ed
cltl/en in the land of origin. Itiustsoon to
bo able to announce .1 favorable settlement ol
the dllfeienco as to tliu Interpretation. It has
been highly satisfatioiy to note thctimpioved
treatment of Ameiican misalonaiics in Tur
keyMs has been attested bv their ackttow ledg-
inents to out late mlnlstet to that'covcin -
nient of hissuceessltil e-xeitlons in theii be-
hilt.
hilt.Tlio
Tlio exchange of latllicalion of the conven
tion of Dccembei 5 , iss'jnii Venezuela lor
the leopunliu of the awards ot the Caracas
commission , uiulei the claims coniicntlon of
INjii , IMS not jet been elfected owing to the
delay ol tlio executive ol thfit republic in
rntitvlii. : thu mea-uie. 1 trust tint this post
ponement will bo hrieif ; hut should it miieli
longei continue , the dela ) m iv well be re
garded as a resisilon of the eomp ict and a
liiiluie on the part of Vene/uel.i to compMu
an aii.ingemuiittso peislstcntly sought b )
her dm Ing many ) ears , and assented to bv
this government In asplilt of intein.ilion.il
falinoss , although to the dctiimont of hold
ers of bona lido uvvauls ol the uiipun'iied commission -
mission ,
CIll/.rNSIIlI' AMN.VTLIt VU/ATIOV.
I icuew thu lecommeiidation ot nn last
annual message1 , tint existing legislation
eonccriiliig eiti/cnship and naturalisation
bo icvlsed Wo have ttc.iUes with in my
states providing lei renunciation
ot citl/enslnj ) by naluiallzcd aliens , but no
Htatute was louiid to g\\a \ elfect to such en
gagements , not any which provides a needed
cenlial bineaii foi the registration of natui-
.ill/i'd citl/ens. Kxpeilence suggests that our
statutes ululating extradition may bo
amended by u provision for ihu ttansltacioss
oui territoiy , now a convenient thoroiight.iio
of tumble liom one loielgn country lu an
other , ol fugitive , Mirreiuleied byafoielgn
govurnmciit to a thlid state. Such piovls-
loiinaiounusinl in the legislation or other
countries , and tend to prevent the mlseiiiry-
iugot jiisthe. It Is also desirable , In outer
to present uncertainties , that authority
should bu conferred on thu secretiuy
ol statu to Issiiu a ceitllic.ito
In ease of an arrest foi the putposu of extra'
dltlon to the olllcei before whom the pro
ceedliu's Is pending show Ing that a requisi
tion lor thu surtendei foi the pciisonchaiged
has bc-en duly m ule. Such a ceitlliritu.lt
roqulied to bu iccelvcd before the wKoiiet'.s
nxamination , would prevent a long and ex-
nensUo jiullcl il Inqulr ) Into a ch.ugo whlcii
lliu foreign government might not desire to
press.
1 also lecommend that oxpressprnvlblon bo
nnde foi tbu immedlaio dibchainro fiom cus
tody of persons lominlttcd lot extiadltlon
wheio thu president Isot the opinion thut the
biiirunder should not bo made ,
IVTI r.x'Aiio.vAi coi'i niniiT.
Ihcditft of sentiment Ln civilueil lomiiiu-
niliea toward lull leeogiiltion of the lights
of piopeit ) In the creations of the human In-
telled Ins biou'ht abunt thu adoption by
man ) Important nations of an intciiiational
copilL'ht convention , which was signed at
IJernuon thalbthof bepiembei , IW * . Inas-
iiiueli as tlieconsiltutlon gives to congress
thupowei toMomotothopro.'ressot .sclenco
and uselul am h ) securing for limited tlnius
toautlioibandinventois the exclusive light
to their lespectlvo wiitlngs and discoveiies ,
thHgovemmeiit did not leel vvairanted In
beaming nsl0'iiator ) pending tliu action ot
eongu'ss upon measures of Internationa
com right now beloio it , but the rleht of ail
hesjon to the lieino convention beieafterhas
been reserved. I tiust the subject will re-
eelve at yoni haniU the attention it deserves ,
and that the just claims of authois , eo
uigently pr&ssecf , wlllliodulv lieeelwi.
Iteprosentatioiis continuu to be made to me
of thu Injurious elfcet upon American artists
studing abroad , and bavins tree access to
tiu ! tut collections of foreign countries , ot
inaliitaluJnea discriminating duty against
tlio intioditctlon of the wojkd of their
brother artists ej ( other countries ; and I um
Induced to ic-peat my recoiuuicndaUou for the
abolition of that tax.
THK CONSUL ill SFrtVK T.
l ursuant to a protblou of the diplomatic
<
and consular appropriation act. approved
Itilj 1 , l ti , thecstmate.s ) submitted by the
secretary of atato for the maintenance of
ho consular service have been iccast on Iho
MSS | of silailesfor'all officers to whom such
illuvvnncu Is deemed ndvlsable , advantage
ias been l-ikcu of this to redisli Unite the
salaries of the ofllcers now nppioprlaled for.
11 ncooidanco with the vvoik performed
Iho Importance of the representative duties
of the Incumbent and the cost of living at
each post. The la t c onsldcratlon has been
too often lost sight oil In the allowances heie *
toforo made. The compensation which may
Milllce for the decent maintenance of a
worthy and capable officer In a position of
oneioiis and rcim'sentatlve trust , at a post
readll ) accessible nnd vv hem the necessaries
ot life arc abundant and cheap , ma ) prove an
Inadequate pittance in distant lands where
the bettei pirt of a ) ear's p y Is consumed
in reaching the post of duty and vvheio the
comforts ot oulinarv clvillml existence ein
oui ) be obtained with dllllctilty at exorbitant
cost. 1 trust that in cousldi'iIiiB thu submit
ted seheduleH no mistaken theor ) ot ecou-
iimv will perpctmlu a sj stem which , In the
past , hasvirtmll ) closed lo dcseivlng talent
man ) olllees where capacity and attainments
ol u high order are Indispensable , and In not
a lew eases has Drought discredit on oui na
tional chai.icler and entailed cmbairasbiiient
and even siilterlng on those deputed to up
hold oui dUnlty and Interests tibmad.
In eonneetioii with this subject 1 earnestly
iciteiato thopraetieal nccesslt ) of suppllng
some mode qf tuistwotthy Inspection and
leport of the manner In which the consulates
are conducted. In the absence of such
rellatile Information , elllcloii ) can scaiccly bo
rewauied 01 Its opposite cot reeled.
Incicastnzcomnctltlonliitiaduhasdlrccted
attention to the value of the consular leiiorts
minted b ) the depaitment of state , and thu
etlorts ol Hi" government to extend the
piactlcat uselnlness of these reports hive
eicated a wi.ler demand for them at home
and a splilt of emulation abio.ul , constltiitliu
a record of the cluigcs occurring In trade and
of the pionessof the arts and Invention in
foteign countries. They are sought for by
all iiiteicstcd In the subjects whleh they ciu-
biace.
run FIVANCFS.
Tliorenoit ol thosecietaiv of the treasury
exhibits in detail the condition ot the ( public
finances and ot the seveial branches of the
government lelated to Ills department. 1
especially diiect the attention of thu congress
to thu iccomnicndation contained in this and
Iho last ptcceding report ot the eciet.iiy
touching the sltnplllication and amendment
of the laws iclatlng totho collection of our
revenues , and in the Inteiest of economy and
justice to the government , I hone they may
be adopted by apmupriate legislation. 'Ihe
oidlnai ) icceiptb of the government for the
liscal ) eai ended .1 line 'M , ISsfl. were Sr-l : ! ! , .
7i7.0i. . Of tins amount SUrJ.UOS.OiJ. II was
iccelved ttom customs and S110bOTlW..lS
intiiin.il luvenue. 'Iho total leceipt. " , as uciu
slated , weiu Sl .T-lU.MO.US gteater than
for [ the previous ) ear , but the
Incteise liom customs vvas Sll-UIOs.f.lO
and liom internal rovenuoSlJOT/JlO..M , unk
ing a rf.Un in these Items tor tlib last joai of
Sr > , MlJ'i'i 01 , a lalllng olT in othei icsouices
leducing the total Increase to the smallei
amount mentioned. The expense at the dif-
leient custom houses of collecting this in-
cieased customs luvonue was less than the
expense attending the collection ol sueh
revenue foi the piecedlng veai by Sl'tO.COs1 ,
and the Iticieased iccelpts of internal revenue
wcro collected at a cost to the inlet nal rev eniio
buiean ot Sir , -1,041. ' * ' ) loss than tlio expense ol
such collection for the prov tons ) ear.
The total oulinary expenses of the govern
ment foi the hscal ) eai ended June 30 , Ifcsfi.
weio&ttf-,4sm.r ! ! > 0 , being loss by SlT7bb7.ii7 ,
than such expenditures for the year preced
ing , and leaving a'smplus In thu trcasmy at
the close of the last liscal yearof S'JJ/ljO.ISji .ir , ,
as against Sfi 5.403. 771'JT at tlio close of the
pluvious v ear , nialtlnc an Increase in such
surplus 01 § ' ) , t'li.aU'.S' ' ) .
Tno expendituie'.Aio compared w llh these
ot the pluvious lucal je r. and clnssllied as
follows : 18SO. IbSj.
Tor civil espenscs. Sai,9"COI.01 SS .bil.ytS.U
1'or foreign inter-
couise . iiu.EW.ov.oo rn.o'ni.oo
Tor Indians . GO I.OirolT.OO r.Vi'M'l.JOi.OO '
J'or pensions . W.IOl.&OLOl Oi5JO.'J07.4S
Tor the military ,
including river
and harboi im
provements and
aisunals . 34/12 1,152.7-J 4ifi70'i7S.ll , ' >
Koi the navv. in-
eluding vessels.
machinciy and
1m prov cm on ts
o na\yaldb. . 13,907Sb7.74 1GOJ1,071.0'J
i'ot inteiest on
public debt . 50'iSOU'i ' ! > r 51,0 0,2:0.17 :
For the Uisttict
of Columbia . . . 2t92aJl.b'J : j,4 ! ' . ) , 1 JO.iC >
Miscellaneous ex-
pendlttucs , In-
( hiding public
buildings , light
houses , collect-
ingtheievenuu. 47,0'sOC'5 ' ) 01 B4. ; > , OVJ'U
For thociiitent ) eaitoend Juno : iO , 1SS7 ,
the ascci tallied receipts up to October 1 , IbSii ,
with such leceipfo estimated lor thu lemuin-
derot the ) ear , amniint to)0OOO.niK ! ) . The
expenditures ascoi tallied and estimited for
the same period are WiO.OOO.COl , Indlciting
an antleimted suiplus ut ttiu close ot the
) o.u of yjD.OoO.OOO.
Tin ) tot d value of the exports from the
United States to foiclzn countiies during the
liscal ) ear Is stated and ( ompircd with the
preceding ) e-ar as follows :
toi the ) car ending
JuneiiO.lssi. JuiicHO.iPNj.
Domestlomdso. Si-r-.1 ! ! ' , ' ) ! 572ii. ' 2 , . ) lii
rotelgn mdse . it.Mxi01 : ! jr.r 0dsoy ,
dole ! . 42..l'i. , iai : i,477S'tt
Silver. . . . . so/iii/Jiu M.'i.vt.n.u
The value of some of out leading expoi Is dur
ing the last liscal veil , us compared with the
value of thu same for the ) car [ iiimediat"ly
preceding , Is hero given and fuinlshes1 In
formation both Intcicstlngaiid sugcestlve :
] 'orthuearcnd-
'
Cotton and e't-
ton maiuil'c-
tuiies . S21i,045 ( , W-.OO
Tobacco iv Us
miis . . . . : ; o,42ico ! > .o ( ) 2ir 7 , " . < nee
Hreadstuirs . 1 ' . ' - . , 10 , V > bU ) 1WJ7IW1.00 ! (
rrnvhlons . , IHj.fUV-Ui.OO 107.1.,4V.00 : ! , !
Our Imnoits during the last fiscal ) ear , as
c ompaicd with the piovioiw jc.ir weru as toi
lows :
1P80. lb 5.
.Nrorehandlso { tn.in,4' l.ir/J.OO S"i7i.Wjo-i5.R )
Cold . . . . 2l'i4il'.I.OO ! ' mi.h'Jl.liOfi.00
Slhei . . . . 17V < 0 , I'.tO 10,5WiJT.OO (
lAltlH' JH.VIBIOX.
Ill my last annual messaso to eongress at
tention was directed to thu fact that the ruv-
enites of thu government exceed i Its
iictuil needs , and It was suggested
that Icglslatlvo action should be taken to re
lieve thu people from thu uniiecessai ) burden
ol taxation thus madu appaient. In viuw of
the ptessing Imimrtanco of the subject 1
deem It my duty to azaln nrgu Its consideia-
tion , Tlio Income of thu government , with
InciciM'.d thorough economies In its collec
tion , is now inoio than ever In excess of pub
lic necessities. Thn application ot the sin-
plus to thu piineiit ot Mich poition of the
nubile debt as IB now at our option , suhjeit
to uxtliigulHhment If continued at ttio r.itu
which has lately prevailed , would retire Ihat
class of. Indebtedness within less II. an onu
) c.u Iroin that date. Thus a continuation ut
our present revenue would soon ie.nll In
the ) iccclpt of an animal Income much
gre'atcr than neccasir ) to meet gov
ernment expenses with no indebtedness
upon which it could bo applied. We Miould
then bo confident with a vast qu.uilit ) of
money , the circulating medium ot the coun
try , hoarded In ( ho treasury when It should
beln their hands , or wo should bo drawn Into
wasteful public uxtiavaganu ) with all the
corrupting national demurall/atlon which
follows in its train. Hut H Is not the simple
exlstemoof this surplus and its tlmntcncd
attendant evils which furnish thu strongest
argument against our piesc-nt b&ile ol fed-
eial taxation , Jts woistphiso Is theuvaetton
of 6iic.h a bin plus tliroiiKii .1 perversion of the
relations between thu people and their gov
ernment , a dangerous dcpailuiu from the
rules which limit the right ot federal taxa
tion. ( Jood government , of which every
American cltl/en boasS , has for its objects
the protection of every peieon within Its
bordcH , with the greatest Hbeit ) consistent
with the good of his country and his perfect
security In thn enjoyment of his
cainlnfs , with the least pn lblq diminution
for public needs. When morn ot the people's
sustenance ) Is exacted tin ougli tlio form of
taxation than U necessary to meet the just
obligations of thn government and the ex-
! > en e ot Kb economical administration , buch
action betoiues itithluos uxtoitlon and u violation
lation of thu fundamental principles of a freto
KOVCI nnnut. Tbt indirect manuer in w bibb
the = c exactions are made has n tendency to
conccil their true character arid their extent.
Hut wo hav o arrlvexl at a stage of < mi > cilliunis
revenue which has aroused the people to a
realization of the fact that the amount t.\lscd \ ,
| ) rofes cdly for the suppoit of the govern
ment. Is paid by them as absolutely. If added
to the price ot the things which upply their
dally Avanls , as if it w as paid at fixed periods
Into the Innds of the tax gatheior. The o
who toll for dally vvascs are bok'innlng to
nndeistaiid that eapltil , though sometimes
vaunting Us Impoit.incc and clamoring for
Iho prolectlon and favor of the government ,
is dull and sluggish till , touched by thu magi
cal hand of labor , U springs Into activity ,
furnishing nn occasion tor fedetal taxation
and galnliigtho value which enables lltobear
its bindcn , and the labortne man Is thought-
full ) Inquiring whether , In these clicinu-
stances , and consldeiIng the tribute he con
stantly ms into the public tieisuarv as ho
supplies his dally wants , he tccclves his fair
sh ue of advantages.
Theio Is also a suspicion abrmd that thn
surplus of emrinclines. Imllcito abnoimal
and exceotlonal business moiits , which , un
der the s.vstcnn which piodnces riucli surplus ,
Incieasu vvdhout coiicspondlng nenelit to the
leople at large. T he vast accumulations of a
few among our clll/ens wlio o foitunes ,
liv.illng the wealth ot the most favoied In
anti-democratic nations , aio not the natmal
growth of a stead ) , plain and Industrious re
public. Our laimers , too , and those engaged
dlicctly and Indirectly in stipplng ! the
ptoducts ot agtlcultuie , sec that da ) by day ,
and as otten as the dully winU of the house
holds recur , they aio loiced to pi ) exccssho
and needless taxation , whllo theh puiducts
sliiiL'gle in foielun m.nUcts vvHh tlio compe-
titloii of nations , which , bv allow ins a freer
exclnnco of productions thin wei permit ,
enable their people to fell for piices which
distress the Ameilcan farmer. As every
patriotic farmer lejolces In Ihe constantly In-
eteasing pride of our people in American
clti/ensitlp , and in thugloiy of our national
achievements and progress , a sentiment pre
vails that the leading stiings , useful to a
nation in Its Infancv , may well , to a great
extent , bo dlscauled III the present stace of
American Ingenuity , courage and fearless
self-rcllan"e. And for thu privilege ) of In
dulging this sentiment with tine Amuilcan
enthusiasm , our cltlens are quite willlnc to
foiego an idle surplus in the public tieasury ,
nnd all the people Know that thn averacn late
of federal taxation upoi , impoits today , In
time of peace , Is but Ilttlo less , while upon
some articles ot necessaiy consumption , ills
actually moie than was imposed by the
urlovlous burden wllllngl ) borne at a time
when the government needed millions
to maintain by war the safety and
integiltv of the United States.
It Ins been thu policy of the government to
collect thu ptliiclpil pirt of Its lovcuues by a
tax upon Impoits , and no change in tills
policy is desliable. Hut the presuiitcomlltlon
of ailaiis eonstiains our people to deiinnd
thai b ) a tcvlbion ot oui tevcnuo laws the 10-
ceits ] of the goveinmcsit shall bo reduced to
the necessaiy expense ot Us economic il ad-
mlnlsliatlon , and this demand should bu rec-
o/iu/cd iind obejed by the people's icpie-
Hontativesin the Icgtalative branch of the gov
ernment.
In luadjusting tlio questions of federal tax
ation , a sound public policy requires tliat such
olourcitUensas have built no largo and 1m-
poitant industries under present conditions ,
should not be suddenly , and to their injur ) ,
deprived of advantiges to which they have
adapted Ihclrbuslnebs : but II thu public good
rcqulieslt , they should bo content with such
consldeiatlou as shall deal laiily and cau
tiously with theh interests , while the just de
mand of the people for relict fiom need
less taxation Is honestly anwcred. A
reasonable and timely submission to
such a demand should certainly be possible
without disastrous shock to any inteiest , and
a cheeiful conccssslon sometimes averts
abiuptnnd heedless action , often the out-
giowth of iiiipitlcnco and delayed justlco.
Due reeard should be also accoidccl in any
proposed readjustment to the Inteiest of
Ameilcan labor so fat as they are Involved.
We congratulate ourselves that there isamong
UN no laboring class fixed within unviclding
bounds and doomed under alt conditions to
the ine.xoi.iblo lateotihily toll. Woiecosni/o
in lubor a chief lactoi in thu wealth of thu
lonublic and we treat those who have it
in theh keening as cili/cns entitled to the
mostcaieliil legauland thoughtful attention.
This lugaid and attention should be awaided
them , not only because Iiibor is the capital of
our woiklngmen , justly entitled to its shaeo
of troveinmcnt lavoi , but foi the further and
not less Impottaiil leason that tlio laboring
man , biiiioiinded by his family In his humble
home , as a consumer Is vitally inteiested in
all that cheapens the cost of living and en
ables him to biinir within his domestic ciiclo
additional eomtoits and advantages. This
lelatlon ol the worklngman to thuieveiiuu
laws ot the counti ) and the inannci in which
It palpably lnllueii"cs the question of wages ,
should not bo forgotten in thu
justifiable piomincncu given to the
ptopet maintenance of the supplv
and protection of well paid labor. And
these eonsideiations suggest such an ai-
latigement of government levenues as sliall
reduce the expense ol living , whiln it does
not cmtrtil the opportunit ) foi work norre-
iluco the compensation toi Ameiican labor
and injuriously affect its condition and thu
dignified place It holds in tlio estimation of
our people.
Jim our faimets and agriculturists , the c
who fiom the soil produce tilings consumed
by all , ate put haps moie dlieclly and plainly
( onceined th.in any othei of out dtl/ens in
a lust and caictul system of federal taxation.
These actually engaged in and mine re-
motel v connected with tais kind of labor
nuiiibei nculy one-lull of out population.
\oiielaborhaulot 01 moro continuously than
the ) . Xo enactments limit theli hours ol
toil , and no Interposition of the government
enhances to anv meat extent the value of
their products , and ) et foi manv ot the nec
essaries and comfotts of life , which the most
sciiipulous economy enables them to biinir
Into their homes , and for theli implements' ot
husbandry , they aie obliged to piy a pttco
lamely increased by an un . .ittiral profit
which , by the action ol Iho government , Is
given to the moie favoied imiiiifacluiur.
1 lecommend that , Keeping in viinv all
these considerations , the Incieaslng and nn-
necessaiy hutiliis | of national income an
nualiy accumulallng bo lolcascd to the pco-
plu ban amendment to out iinenno laws
which shall cheapen the pi Ice of the ncccK-
sailes of life and give freei enhance to such
iinjiorted materials ash ) Amurlein labor may
be manufactured into inaiketablu commodi
ties. Xotliing i an be accomplished , | iow-
iner , in the dliectlon of tills much needed iu-
) orm unless thu subject Is appioarhcd In a
pitrlotic spirit of devotion to thu interests of
the entire country and w lib a willingness to
) Icld something for thu imblie good.
Jin : I'i'ni ic in nr.
The sum paid upon the public debt dining
the fiscal ) i'.u ended June : ' 0 , IN ? ) ) , Wlls 54 .
Vil.OlS' ! During Um twelve months ended
October ! ! ! , ISsi , three pet eent bonds were
called for icdemption amounting to SUT.-ls.- !
100. ol which tjSO.iiiV-OJ was so called to
answet thu lejouireinnnts ot the Jaw relating
to thu smiting fund and SK > , t < . " 'uoD lor thu
purpOtO ol i educing the public debt by appli
cation ot a pirt ol thubinplus In the tie.isiii )
to that eibjcct. Ot the bonds thus called § 10.-
ad'J,4VJ bc'camo subject under Mich c ill to re
demption pilot * to November 1 , IbsO.
'Iho remuinder amounting to fcr.ou,0' > 0
niatured under Ihu calls attei that
elato. In addition to the amount
subject to payment and cancellation puur to
November t , them weioalso paid bofote that
day ecttain ot these bonds with the Inteiest
thereon amounting to i-'i.ur..iiV ) , which weio
anticipated as to maturity , ol which fc'J.OO- )
: t. ' > 0 had not been called , thus fclOr , ill.SW
had been aetually applied pi lei to the 1st of
November , IWJ , to the extinguishment of
oui ooiided and interest-Lie irlng debt , leav
ing on that da ) .still outstanding the sum of
51,110,44ill' ' . 01 this amount , 1 ,700
were still leprcsented byiipei cent bonds.
'I ho ) , however , Jiave been blnru November
14 , 01 will at once be finther reduced by i'H.-
( , Oiir/J belnz bond ; ) which hav H bcencilled ,
as before stated , but not redeemed and can
celled b el ore the latter date.
BII.VBUCOJSAOK.
During Iho liscal > tar ended Juno . " 0 ,
lbs. % tlieio wcro coined under tlio
rompulsory Mlvi-r eoinago act eif IMS.
'jy.bau.srj sllvei dollats , and the eost of
thobilver used in such coinage vvas i Ui"1 ,
O'lO.Ol. Theru tiad bcc-n coined up to tli
ulosoof llo previous liscil ) eai. utulei ihu
provUlons ofthe Ja v , iXiJ.b's..S" ) ! silver dollars
lars , and on thei first elay of December. IK.ST ,
tlio total amount of such coinage was17 , -
lol.M'J. 'llm diactor of the mint tuporU
that at ihu time of the passage of thn law of
Is7 , diluting this-olnairoHie Intilnsiealuo
of the dollais thus colnwl wa fi4 | tents
each , and that on the ulstday ot July , 1 0 ,
the price of illyer reached lie ( lowest sugo
ever known so that the Intrinsic or tiuilioti
nice of our slntulnnl silver elollar at that
lalo was le s than W cents. 'Ihe price of
silver on theWttiof November lait was such
ns to makn the dollars Intrlnsleall ) vvoith 7s
cents oath , 'these dliHuences in vamo
ot thf coins ropte ent tlio ttucUfa-
Ions In the nileu of lhei , And
hey certainly do not Indicate that compiil-
sorv colnago by the government unhaneod
the price of that commodity or iccnies uni
formity In Its value1. I'veiv lalt and le'gat
jlfort has been m.nlo b ) the tre.iiiny di'part-
meiit to tliitiilmtn this ciirrcnev among Iho
people * . Tho.withdrawal ot United States
lieasury notes ol small denominations ami
Iho Issuing ot small sllvei ccitlllcates have
jccn resorted lo In the endeavor to accom
plish this lesult In obedience to thu will and
sentiments of the representatives of Iho people
ple In the countess. On the urth da ) of No
vember , tsso , ihu people held of the u coins
or eeilllicates repieentlng Ihe nomln il sum
jlWV-7 ( , OU , and wo stln have S7i ,4iNm :
In thu tieasuiv , iisagiilnst about SH.b'MOY\ !
In thu hands of the people aud frJNk > , : ito u1
nainniit In Iho lieamiiyono jou ago.
Thedliector ofthe mlntmralii urges the
necesslt.v foi moie vault mom for the purpose
of stoilng these sllvet dollars , which are not
needed for circulation by Ihu people' .
1 hxve seen no leison to change the views
expressed In in ) last annual niess e on the
subject ot this compulsory coinage , and I
rgaln urge ils suspension on all thu giomuls
contained In ni ) foimei reeotiiiuendalionss
rolnfoued by thu signiiicant Imrcnsoof our
old cxportiitlons duilng the last veir. as
appears by the compiiatlvo statemenl heie-
vvlth pri\sented aud lor the luithei reasons
that the niuio this cuiieiiey Is dlstilbutcel
among the people , the ure.iler becomes our
duly to protect It liom dlsastei ! thai wn now
lavoabundancu foi all our needs , and that
theio spcms but little propilety In building
vaults to store such eiiiiency when the out v
pieteiibo for Its coinage is the necessity ef ) Its
use by the people as a circulating medium.
ni'VKM'i : r.mnAiioN.
'Ihn creat numberol suits now pending In
the United Stntes eomt lor the ) southein ells-
liict of New Yoik , growing out of thu col
lection ot the customs revenue at Ihe port of
New \ ork , and the number of such suits that
are almost dally Instituted , aie certainly
worthy eit the atlunllon of the eongress.
These h'gal eontioversles , based upon con-
lllellng views by Impoileis and the collector
as to the tntcrpielation ol our present com
plex and indefinite i incline laws , might bo
largely obviated by an amendment ot those
laws. Hut pending finch amendment , the
present condition ol this initiation should bo
relieved. There me now pending about
twentv-hvo bundled ot the e suits Menu
than eleven hundred h iv u beini commenced
within the pist eighteen months , and many
of Umothcis have been at issue tor moie than
twentv-live ) eais. These del.iS subject Ihe
gou'inmi'iit to loss of evidence1 , and pi event
the pieparation necessary to dele.it unjust
and lictltious claims , while eonstantlv
iiccruini : Inleicsl ttireitcns to doublu tlio
demands involved. In Iho pie'sent condition
of the dockets of llio couits , well lllli'd with
pilvato suits , and of the forcu allowed the
ellstilct attorney , no gieatet th in is necessa
ry lot Iheoulliiaiy and eiirient business of
bis olllcu , these luvunuo litigations cannot be
cotisldcted. In delimit ot thu adoption by
thu congress of a plan foi the getieial reor-
gunkition of the tedeial courts , as heie-
toloin tecoiiimcndcil , 1 utiiu thu ] iioprlct ) ot
passing u law permitting thu appointment ot
an additional fedoial judce in the dlslilct
whoie these government suits have accumu
lated , so that bv continued sessions ofthe
couits ilnvoted to the tilal of tlie-so eiscs may
they bo delei mined. Itlsentliel ) plain that a
gieat sa\ lug to the government would bo ac
complished bv such a remedy , and tlio suit-
ois who have honest claims would not be de
nied justice tlnoiigh del ly.
am : WAII DLPAUIMI NT.
The leport of thu sectetaiy of war gives a
detailed account of the admtnlstiatlon of his
dopaitment and contains sundty recommen
dations for the Improvement of the servlcu
which I fully approve. The at my consisted , at
thedateofthe last consolidated ieturnol ' . ' ,103
olllccrs and -4,5HO enlisted men. The expen
ses ot thu department for the last liscal juar
were Stt.O'iO.OiH'.Js , including SH,2 J4l : > ' . .4't ' for
public works and ilvei and haiboi impm\e-
iiients. I especiallv diurt the attention of
congtess to tliu in ommendation that olllcers
bo lequlicd to submit to an examination as a
prellmlnat ) to their promotion. I see ) no ob
ject liVn but iii.ui ) advantages In adopting this
leatuie , which hasopeiated so benuiiclall ) In
our navy dcpaitmcnt us well as In somu
blanches ol thuaimy.
The subject of i east defenses and foillllca-
tlons has been fully and caieliillv treited by
the boird on toitllicatlons , whose tenort was
submitted at the last session of congiess ; but
no construction weuk of the kind iccom-
incnded by the beam kas been posslblo dur-
tiig llie1 hibt year iiom tho.laclv of appiopiia-
tiinib foi such pin poses. The defenseless
condition of our i-e icoasl and lake frontier is
pel fectly p ilp.ible. 1 he examimtliins made
must coin inco us all that ceil un ol out elf les
named in tliu icpnit ol tlio bond should bu
lot tilted , and that vvoik on the most impotl-
nnt ol tliese loitlfications should be com
menced at once. The work has been thoi-
oughlv consldeied and laid out , Ihu secro-
lai ) of wat repoits , but all U delavcd In de
fault ol congtusslonil action. 'Ihu absolutu
) iccessltl judged bv all stui'laidsol piudenco
and forusighi , ol our prepaiatlon lot an ellect-
iial teslstancu iiL'alnst the atmoied ships and
steel guns of modem i onstrui tion whleh may
threaten the cities on our coasts , Is M > appai
ent that I hope effective steps will bo taken
in that direction Immediate ! ) . Thc valuable
and sug e'stlvo tieitment of this question
b ) the sCL-ietaiy of wai is uaiuestly com
mended to Ihu consideration of thu cougiess.
In September and Uctoboi last thohoslllu
Apaches who , iindei the leadeis'dp ' ol ( leron-
Imo , had foi eighteen months been on the
wai path , and dining th.it time had com
mitted many mindeis and been the eaitsu ol
constant let tots to the seltleis ot Atl/ona.
hiiiieiielered to deneral .Mile > , the ) milltiiiy
coiumiindei who siueeedeil deneialCiook in
the mana einent and direction of tlielr pur-
Milt. Under thu terms of theli sin lender , as
then ri'poiu d , and In view ol theiiiieleihtand-
tug wliich this murderous bavago
seemed to 'iiteitaln ot the assui-
atue > given them , it was consldeied best
to I'tipilnon them in mich mannei
as to ptexont tlieu everengaglni ; In such out-
lages lualn , insiead ol Hying them lot miii-
elci. Foil 1'lckons having been selei ted as a
site place ol coiiliiiement , all the adult mules
wetu bent thlthei , and will becloud ) guarded
as piisoneis In Iho meantime tlio iciiduo of
Iho band , who , tliumcli still remaining upon
theieseivatlon , wcio icganledas unsalo and
suspected ot fiiiiilshlng aid to thosu on tlio
war path , had been luinoml Ut Foil Mailon ,
1'lie women and laigei chlldten ol Iho bos-
tiles weio also taken there , and aiiangemetiN
have lieen made lor putting Ihu chlldicii ol
inopei ago in Indian hchools ,
nn .NVVV
The repoit ol the sccretaiy of the navy
contiltib a ditadid tepoit ol tlio condition
of his depiltinent , with Mich a statement of
the action needed to Impiovo Iho b.imo as
should challenge ) thoeainest attention ol 1011-
gicss. 'Iho jitcsent nav ) of thu United
bt ites , aside liom the Hlnps In ouiseofcon-
rttiuction , consisti of1 First , fourteen single--
liirteted monltois , none ot ulikli aio In commission -
mission , not at tlio present llmo servlcenblu.
Thu b.itlilies o | tlieso ships are obsolete ,
and the ) tin only bo lelndupon as auxiliary
ships In u uboi delenso , and then allei Mtcli
an expemlitutu upon them as might not be
deemed jiistiiiablu hecond , Ine ( oiirth ratei
vessels of small tonuai.1) ) , oni ) one of uli'ch '
was designed as a wai veM'l , and all ol
which .no auxiliary mctel ) 'Ilnrd , twentt-
binen cruiblnghhlpj , thieeof tvliieh uiobuilt
ot lion , of small tunnagi' , and tuentj-loui of
we > od Of tlieso wouduii vi ssuls ills eiti
mated by the navy that oni ) Unco will bo
fcervue.iblo benul a piriod of six .vears , at
which time it miy tie said tliat
of the picscnt naval loico noth-
iii2 worthy the name will ninain ,
All HID vessels hetetotoit ) nutlioiUi-il , ire
iindei contiuct or in rouisu of eoiintiuction
oxtepttho armored shins , thu totiicd'i and
< 1 > namito ( joits. and one i mUer. As tolho |
last of the e , Iho bids were In excess ol thu
limit fixed by congress.
'Ihe pioduction in the United States of
armoi and gun btcel Is a question whlih It
bcems nece s > iiy to settle atan e-.uly il iv , if
tliu aunoied wni vessels aio to bu coiupleted
with thosM m.duials ot homo man
ntiictuie. 'I His Ins been thn nub-
ii el of Invi tlgitlon by two
boards and b ) two snec'ial loniniiltcm , of eon-
gie&i > within the la-t time ve-iii . 'I ho icport t
ol thr gun touu lr > bond in I-s-l , ot the
bond on loctui' iiuuis made in Januai ) lunt ,
and the repot t ) the M iwt enuijiiittec'-v of tl , (
two hoiri's miir | at tint lii-t seloii pf mil
gfess , havoe niirel ) txiii"rteil tno nb ect u
farasvielimlnar ) in11 Uuitiun Is uiuuu'ii ,
and In their leromw iiJatlwi * llif ) - M uu-
fctuutla ! ! ) tigiccd. in div uveui 1'iat ' the
pre ent Invilntlon of tli < ulevuIntent | forbids
Id furnish such of thN mateilal as Is now
tuithorlrcd shall fall to Indues eloiuo tle man-
nfactuiers to nndortako the hrgo cxixsndl-
luies required to prepaie for Ibis new manu
facture , and no othei slops aio taken bj con
gress at Its comliiF session , the secretary
cflnteiilphtes with dl < saili ctlon the necessity
ot obtaining * abroad the atmoi and the gnu
steel leiMne auHioil/ed ships. It would seem
dcsliablp , that the wants of the aim ) and the
navy In this resaul should bo reasonably
met and Hut-hy uniting the contracts , such
Inducement might he otlerod us would lesult
In ecurlnir the tfomiHticatlon of thcso Im
portant InteipM * .
1IIK POST VI sritMCK.
The affairs of the postal et\lco shovr
marked and giatlf ) Ing Impiovomeiit ilurltiK
the past yeai. A paitlcular account of Iti
ti.insacllons and condition Is given In the
repoit of the postmaster geiiuial which will
belaid before jou. The ivducllon of thu
late of letter postaze In iss. ; , lendeilng tlio
poslal lovenues Inadeiiuate to sustain thu u\ >
pendltuios , ami business elepiessiou conlilb-
uilliir , lesulted In an excess of cost ten the
H IMI ) e u ended June no. isss , cP eight ami
one thlid iinllloiis of doll irs. An ulilitlonnl
check upon lee-elpts. b.v donbllnic themi < asuio
ofweluht In lilting se > aled eotiespoiidencei
and diminishing one hall the charge foi
nowspaptrs eanlage , was Imposed b ) legls-
Htlon , which took ellecl with HID tieilniilng
of the ) past hseiil > ear. whllu llio
constant demand of oui tci'doilM develop
ment and growing popul.itiiin , for the ex
tension and ineieaso ot mill facilities and
nnchlnery , neicssitatesastoad ) annual ad
vance In outlay , and the e.uefiil estlmitu ol
neaieai nironpon the rates ot nxpeiidi-
tuio then existing contemplated the un
avoidable augmentation of the deficiency In
the last ll cal jearby ncaily two million of
elollaiH. The anticipated revenue fortlmlan
) ear failed of teali7iitlon b ) about SiM.OOO , but
repel measuies ol economy Invo so satis-
iictoilly limited thn giowlh of uxpendltuie ,
that the total detlcliMic ) , in fael , tell below
that ot lbv ! , and at this time thu Ineieaso of
revenue Is In gaining ratio ovei the Ineieaso
ot cost , demonstrating the suillclency of the
pieseiit rates of postage ultlnntuly to sustain
that seivice. This Is the moio pleas-
Imr because our people enioy now
both eheapoi postage , piopoitlonatcl ) toells-
tance" , and a vaster and more costly seivlco
than mi ) otliei on thn globe. Itetreiichmcnt
has been etlecte'd In the co t ot supplies ,
somu expenditures unwarianted by law have
ceased , and thn outlas foi mail can lago have
been subjected to beiielicial scrutiny. Attlm
eloso of tlio list liscal ) ear the expense of
transportations on star routes stood at an an
nual rate of cost less by over S" WOiM ) , than at
the close of the provlousjeai , and steamboat
and mail messenxci .set vice at lie illy SL'OO-
000 less. The service has been , in the mean
time , cnlaigcd and extended b ) the eslabllsh-
nient ol new olllees , I nc i case ) ol routes of car-
liuge. expansion ol eiuilei delivoiy conven
iences , and additions to the lailwav mail
faciltles , in accoidaiieo with the uiowing
exigencies ol the countiy and the long es
tablished policy ot the government.
The poslmiistoi guneiiil calls attention to
the existing law foi compeiisitlng lailioaels ,
and expics.ses thu opinion th it a method may
bo elevlsed which will ptove moio just to
caniuis and beiielicial to the uoveinment ,
and thu biibject appears woilh ) ol join eaily
coiisldet allot ) .
The diireiences vihich aioee dining the
veir with cerlaiiiot thebtcimshl ] ) companies
havei terminated by thu acqulesicnces ot all
' i the poilc ) of Iliugoveiiiuient appiovod by
thu coneress in the postal appuiprli i at Its
last session ; and tlio depaitment now onjo)3
the utmost seivlio ulfuicd by all vessels which
sail liom oui polls olthui
upon ocean--a sei-
vlco gene-rail ) adequate to tlio needs of our
Intenoiiise 1'etitions have , however , been
piesenteel to the ilop.iitmunt b ) niinieioiiH
merchants and iiianuiacluieis foi the estab
lishment of a illicit set vice to the Argentine
liepublle , ami lei semi-monthly dispatches
to thn empire of liia/ll , and the object Is
commended to ) our consideration. It is an
obvious duty to provide the means of pontal
communication which out ( ommcieo 10-
quires. and with piudeiit fOiccast ot insult ,
thu wise extension of it may lead to stimulat
ing inteieoiirse and bieome the hublngerot
a piolitablu tialllc which will open new ave
nues lei the disposition ol the products of
out industiy. 'Ihe ilictnustaiiic's ot ( ho
countiies at thu far south of oui continent ;
are such as to invite oui entcipiise and alleiul
the piomiseol riiillicientadvaiiiacesto justify
un uniisiul elloit to hi ing about the closer le-
latlons wliich gieatei lieudomot communica
tion would establish. 1 Hti gest that , as dis-
tlnguisheel fiom a giant or subsid ) lei tlio
meie benefit ot am line 01 trade or travel ,
whitover outlay ma ) bu lequiicd to secure )
additional postal seivicu necesKiry and
iiropui , Mini not othei wise attain iblo , should
bo reg.uded as within thu limit ul legitimate
compensation lei such set vice.
The extension of tlio liee dellverv seivleo
as suggested b ) the poslmastei unei.il , has
heieloloio iccelved my sanction , and mav
soon hoainccd iinon. 'Iho leiquest lei an ap-
puirl ] ) itlon siitllclunt to enable the client )
Inspectoi ot louith-elissolliccs has my np
piohatlon , I tendeied ni ) appioval ot the
iccommeiidation ol the postmastet genetal
that another assistant bu provided lei the
postofllce depailmeut , one ! I Invlto join at
tention to the buvcr.il othei iccommuiidatlons.
In his report.
in I'vni vtrNror M sucr.
The ( onduct ol the dujurtmeiit ot jnstlcn
foi the last IKcal ) ' ' .u is fully
detailed in in the leporl ot the
attoiney geneial , and 1 invdu the
eanie.Hl attention ol the congiess to tliOb.imu
and dun consideration of the leeoiiimenda-
tions therein contained , la thu lepeut wub-
mltted b ) this olllcei to the last session of HID
eongu'ss , hchtioiu'ly leeommended the eieu-
tion ot a penitential ) tin Ihe coimdcment ot
pilsoncrs ciinvlctid and sentenced In the
United Mutes couits , and lie icneats thu
iceoiiimciiil.itlon In his icpott lor the last
) CMI. 'J'his Is a mattei of veiy
giuat impoitaneo and hhoiild at omo
nce-ivo coiigii'sulonal aillon. I'nlleel '
Slates pill-oners aio now conhned
In more thin thirty dillerent Male
pilsons and iienitentiailcj situated
in eneiy pait of Iho countiv. The ) aio
subjected to near ! ) as man ) dUfcicut moden
ot tteatmunt and discipline1 , and me far lee
much removed liom the control and regula
tion ot the goM'inment. ho t.u us Ihoy arej
entitled to hiimaiiu treatment and oppoi-
tunit ) tot Improvi'tiient and tuloimatlon , the )
gov eminent Is lesponslble to thum and
society tnat thusu thingu uiu ioithcomlng.
lint this duty can M.IICC ! ) ho dlsciiaigeil
without mote absolute ) eonnol and dlbcretlon
thin Is possible nndin tliu nre-ent SJMCIII.
Man ) of inn good ilti/ens have Inteiesteii
thi'iiiHclves with the most lienoliei.il lostiltH
on tlio question of piibon icloiiii. ' 1 ho geneial
government should bo 14 a situation ,
hlnco tneio must bu United States | uiHOiiern ,
to luinish liiipottint aid In tliib movement
linil should be ablu to Illustrate uh.it iua > bo
prnetii illy donu In thu dliectlon ot this 10-
form to piesenian ox.imphi in tlio tu.itiiient
and iinpioveme.ntsot the | iil oneiM woithy
ol imitation With iirUons iindei Ils own
eoutroi the cove'riiment ' could deal with the
somewhat vexed question of convict laboi , KO
turns its convicts weio eoneetnid , mvoidmg
ton plan of its own adoption ami with dim
icjMidsto the lights and intuicsis of our
labtitin eiti/uiis , liibteul ot sometimes aid
ing In the opeiailm of a
system whiih causes among them Iintatiou
and dlsi ontent. Upon eonsldti ition of till' )
subjeit it iiiiu'ht ho thought w Ihe tu erect moiet
than one ol tlieso Institutions , located In
biieh plait's as would bist subsetvo the pin-
poses ot iiiiiveiiieniu and eionomy In tians-
JMUlatlon. The eoiisiilciiiOlei co-it ol main-
laining tliusuconvlils , usal piuii'tit in stutu
Institutions , \vouldbusavedbv \ tliu adoiitlon
ot the plan pioposed , and h ) emploing them
In thu minulaetiiiu of such ai tides as weio
needid lor use by the govcinment , ( ; illu : i
Iiu < ! pceunlaiv beneiit would be real.ml In
partial Him n tor our millij
1 ii.'ain tir u u iliaii.-o in the ledcral
jiidieial swtum to meet thu wai.is of
llio peoiilu ami obvlato lint dd.ii.s
iiueei.&arll ) attending the piiscjit eon-
illtton eif all.ins In our com is. All am
agu ed that something .liould bu done , and
much f.ivoi isclioun Ii ) these well able to ud-
viku to the plan suggested by llio at toi my
geneial at ihu List session of ihu loii-ucs *
and riHoniinendeil in in ) last annul ! 1111 s-
si e. ' 1 hu rccumiiicmtiitiim la hniu inn\uil ( ,
toother with auothei made at thu s. ID
t me * tutu bill ) ; a < h.mst In the man nr of
c JUiiM'iii.ilitiiid'btrii t at toi ne ) sand mm ' als ,
and tliulutlei tubjei tli comiliHiided tu thu
ron ieni lot UN uitloli in Hie intorc-t of
ei > uomv to thu ttukoniiiienl and huiiiiui ) ,
fii'iu-'s and u ti'u to oui peoule ,
T-ll JM ( llliiU M'TAUTMl 1
L llu iej./it uf tuiit-p ul irv ut tiiu uit ' 3 ir
I fi < em , i jt iiiitrtl | n no "ituiiuii i'I t1 ei
w , ol tlw.iit . o'tbrihi' ' ( i 0' ' i < i'dla |
rlure eoui''tU J wiih'ii depaifitr jti and
tuu f lions at lictcaii'iiuAiiloniblcli
