Nebraska Newspapers

    THE OMAHA SUNDAY BEE ,
SIXTEENTH YEAR. OMAHA , SUNDAY MORNING , N0VEMBEK 21. 1SSO. TWELVE PAGES. NUMBER 350 ,
AIOM THE LOWLY ,
Visits Among Old World Artisans and
Talks About Their Condition
SCENES IN LONDON TENEMENTS.
Bricklayers Tell Discouraging Tales of
Their Work and Their Wages.
SIMILAR SIGHTS IN PARIS.
Less Respectability Shown by the Workers
at thu Capital of France ,
THE GERMAN LABORER'S LOT.
Efforts of the Trades Unions to Ameliorate
the Wage Worker's ' Condition.
WHAT THE MEN HAVE TO SAY.
Btri'ues Dying Out But Employes Unable to
Save Their Earnings ,
A PARIS MURDER MYSTERY.
The Body of a Beautiful Blonde Pound in n
Decomposed Condition.
A LORD'S LITTLE EPISODE.
Knocked Out Both By Brandy and the
Eight Arm of a Royal Ootcpanion ,
E ASTERN AFFAIRS YET UNSOLVED
A HeTiemo For Augniciitlnt ; the Ger
man Army IJy an Addition or
i--,0)0 Meii-NovvH About Well
Known AmorlcniiH in Paris
Kuiopean llappcnlnco.
Vlslta AVIth Ijonilon Trade mon.
IKuimiluht IM' lllJ < unti fJonJoii 7tcini ( ( ( . 1
LONDON , Nov. 20. [ New York Heiald
Cable. Special Telegram to the Hr.K.J Tlio
Journpjmon bricklayers of London complain
bitterly about their position nnd prospects.
The trade Is stagnant , and for what Wuli
there Is , crowds of country mechanics , driven
by poverty from the pi evinces compote des
perately i/lth the city workmen. London is
ajready ovei built , so that special building has
almost ceased. The rather unusual number
of largo buildings now going up might servo
tosuppoit in some tomfort the regular city
supply of bricklayer , SJUt until n revival ot
the building trade in the provinces draws
back Into the country the brlckla > er ° who
have come to seek their fortunes In London ,
both workmen and masters acieo there is lit
tle hope of bettering the precarious condition
of the city tiadesmon. 'Hie trouble Is not so
much bid pay 01 long hours but rather lack
of employment. All the London bilckla > crs
nro paid by the hour. The gen
eral rate Is nine-pence ( nbout 18 cents )
an hour. In some cases the rate
Is 7'4 to 8 pence , but this If. enl > by the small
bulldeis. Thu w oil ; Ing hours me , by the
trade rule , fifty-two nnd a half a week In
snmnicr and foity-scvcn in winter. Sonic
bulldeis , how nver , woik their meiifiom liftj-
tlvcto sixty houis per week. Hiieklajcrs ,
fullv cmplovcd , work , thciefoip , nine nnd n
half to ten and a half hours a day for S10 to
$ t'-a ! week , with a half holiday on Saturday.
1IIKIII bOriAI. CONDITION.
I can best glve.an Idea of the social condi
tion of London brlcklnjpis by describing
the homes and lives of their iamllles from
among many 1 visited and talked with dur
ing the pist week. S H , of Tower street ,
Lambeth dlstilct , is un excellent workman
with considerable education , nndcwho has
been moro than usually successful In obtain
ing work. Ho has no children at home to
( support ami educate , and bis wile is a neat
nnd energetic woman. Tower sheet , by the
way , is ono of the nmiij similar suburban
stieeta which compost ) the resident quarters
of the mechanic class , nnd Is lined with low ,
tin co-story bilck houses , two rooms deep.
Tno btreet Is muddy , nnnow nnd ciowded
with ragged children. In each hoii'e
live two to four families. In the third story
of one of these houses 1 found Mis B. await
ing her hudb.iiiu's return trom woik. They
live , cook , eat and bleep In n single very mod-
oiatosUodioom. Noveitbclcssnll was neat
and cosy. A brlijht lire binned In a small
open grate , ov 01 which all the family cook-
hif ! Is done. A small , louiid table , covcicu
with oilcloth , stood near the lire , and photo-
Ciapbs nnd choip plctmcs were on the walls
Two cupbo.uds held clothes nnd dishes , and
other clothes were hung back ofllio door. A
bodbtoodm ono corner. About 0 o'clock
U. letmned. A tall , strong man , past middle
age , sufficiently educated to bo ( .cuetary and
lieasurer of the local branch of the Brick-
laj cru' union. A bucket ol water in llm hull
served. is nlivatoij to unable him to cut oil
the dust of hlsdiv'b woik ; then n p.th of
slippeis and Biippei , dining which 1 asked
nbuut his daily life.
A WOItK\l\N8 SIOIIV.
Ilu said : " 1 get up nt hall past because 1
am forced to wnlk thrpo and a half miles to
work. Bvfoiast.il tlnic.I imiknucupof tea for
tnjhulf. Alter working from 0 to H. Ihavu
half mi houi , during which I get mybieak-
fast at a colfeo shop-l > \ a pence , bie.nl 1
Iwv * carried with mo , and perhaps bacon or
cvvs. At 1 ! ) 1 have an bom for dinner and
get , usually , a good make-shift diniiei foi 7
pence at the colfeo house -thm is , meat , roaster
or bi oiled , with vegetables and biead. Sup.
pet Is at t ) , ns ) ou see-ten , bread , peih.ips
some relish , ily wlfo lives much the hninc.
Slio get * along very well except when ill.
'Hunt blip must be alone , without atten
dance all day , while. J work. 4hn ?
does no work biijond household mut
ters. My sou in n brlckla.ver. Lou-
don niihlteds object to nppieuthcs ,
MI he leained his trade In thu round ) . I
m iniuh imue foi tun.ito than moitbtick-
lijeis. 1 have ln ldu vvurk , which en.ibles
mo to imiko full time nnd w.i.-cs. 1 vv.i out
ot woikiitlcen weeks l.iht bpilng. but even
Ibis Is doing lustier than mo t mecli.inli s. A
bilrklniei i > lucky II ho obu.lns lt'0 ds\s
.VO \V1.MI8 i MAIIJi
> "Xo ; I have in.iilu no MVIU ! > dining mj
life. ou ice , we live In OIIOH.OUI , but i pav
aihlllings nnd pence a wcik for It. lib
not mean to starve m.vscllln order that hnd
lord- , may bavoliiMirlcs. "
"Voe"bioke in his wife , "there Is a fain
lly down stairs that have lived In tliU house
Uihlslx jeirs. The man Is now out ot
work. The hudloid suddenly r Uu I the l
by half n crown a w cek , soho forced the fam
ily to leave their old homer'
"Yes , " continued B.'I might perhaps
save a little , not much though. It took mo
seven months lo pay debts 1 Incurred when
last out of work. Then my mother-in-law
and my own fnthcrare helpless and need all
I can spare. My brother has just broken his
leg. Ho helped me and 1 must help him ,
How can I sav out of JW n week. With
pride 1 educated my boy at a pi I v ate school ,
paIng 0 pence a week. That's the only Investment -
vestment 1 cvpr made. I go to the the
atre twice a month. All my other evenings I
spend doing needle work. Trade l \ery
bad-so bait that 170 members outof Ibfl In
my branch of the brlcklavcrs' ' union have
forfeited their society Insurance through In
ability lo tny their dues. "
Ttrotm.Mis OP MIK ; xvisfi'i.ovr.i : > .
There nre nbnut'J.,00) brlcklavcrs in Lon-
donind | I think It would be easy to find 10,000
nncmplocd. llundicds apply for work
where one or two nro wanted. "
Mrs. B. , with evident pride , brought out
her husband's needle work , and explained
thnt he won many medals at the exhibitions ,
nnd at one ho find sold n quilt for S"0. Ills
latest woik Is n quilt , with silk woven portraits
traits of nil thu roval family , nude in honor
of Queen Victoria's jubilee.
oin-noou iNiinvir.ws. :
Outside the Victoria coffee tavern , com-
monl ) called the "Vic * by the familiar resi
dents , I found , In spite of the cold and wet
evening , a gioup ot gaunt , otit-iif-elbows
men. There was a tremendous eagerness In
the quick icspon'-e mide by half a do7cti
men to my Inquiries foi bncklajois. I
selected a sober , Intelligent media nlc. for
merly tieasurerof a blanch of the Bricklaers'
union , J A , of King sheet , Lambeth. Ho
had had only thirteen weeks'work during
the nast jeni. Although still an active ,
hard worker , his age , slxty-tlueo
years , gives joungcr men a better
chance than ho of obtaining work.
Ills home is n single small room on the
giound floor. I found his wlfo sitting hungry
and cr ) Ing befoiu a snnll lire. The only
furniture was a narrow deal table and two
broken chairs. A pile of old clothes refused
by the paw nbrokorlay on the lloor and served
for a bed. A mason's trowel and a writ of
ejectment lor iionpiinent of rent completed
the list ot nrticles in the room. The lire wns
from a penny worth of coil given by a friend.
'I ho vvomnn was of the Now Kngland tpo of
anindailty and neatness. The boards of the
floor were sciubbed white , anil a few cheap
unsaleable pictures weie pinned to the walls.
Itl.VDY toil llti : WOllKMOt'.sE.
Ho said : "I suppose wo must go to-morrow
to tlio woikliousu whoie we shall bo scpaiateil
fioin each other. We had seven chlldien ,
but six are dead. Tlio other , a girl , Is mar
ried outside of London , but is unable to help
us. Wo never could save much. Kent , teed ,
nnd clothes for the chlldien took nil we could
enin when In work. I am able and anxious
to work. My wife Is tlio same. "
"Yes , " the wile broke hi , "I wotked list
summer nt Blnckwell's pickle factory. 1
could Oiin tweiitv-hvo cents n day pailng
apples , but the sea-oP. i over. "
The husband rem itkcd : "i . " 0. " cam 510 a
week bricklaying if someone would give ; ao
work. There nro many mcchuiics .is badly
oil as I am. It's hard enough merely lo\e ! ! ;
savhiff Is impossible. "
AX AVIHVOK : WORKMAN'S nor.
I next saw G P , of Webber Wad ,
Soulliwark , who Is a fair average specimen
of the moro fortunate London brlcklacis.
lie rents n two story , six-room house foi 1'Js
lOd perweek , and then sublets two furnished
rooms for 7s. 'Ibo parlot Is rather shabbily
'mulshed with n bin can , two tables , several
ilctures and even some stulfcd blnK Ho is
named and has six childion. The eldest
; irl , twenty-two , Is a confectlonei's assistant ,
jhovvoiks fromt ) till 8 , lives nt home , nnd
pays 7s a week board. The second gill is n
jookfolder , nnd has eleven houis' woik
Lilly , fcihe eai ns from 3s to Ite per vv eek , A
boy , eighteen , is a wiremaker's nppicntico
and earns 11s weekly. He Is not
n bricklayer's apprentice , because his
father thinks his own trndo Is the
worst in London. All the children
w ere educated at tlio national schools. The
hours , woik and food nre the same exactly as
In the lirstcasc , except that by overwork ho
now earns il .is per week Instead ot the rez-
nlnr tl Ibs. Ho has had only nine and a
half month's work In the last twelve , but
thinks himself lucky to get this much. Ho
Is a teetotaler , never goes to theatcis , has no
amusements e.xcept horse car rides to tlio
piikson holltlajs ; nevertheless , lie has never
saved anything , but , on the contrary , has
been foiced to spend nil he earned and then
not have enough. Once , before his mai-
riage , ho saved IS , but It was all spent in a
family Illness. Ho does not know a journey
man brlcklacr in London , who , as such ,
evLr saved 3500.
THE coxa usiovs HIriui : : > .
From this and many other cases I judge
London brlcklacis work lather short houis
at fair piy , butthat the uncertainty regarding
wink , and tlio long petlodsol Idleness , eficet-
unlly prevent sivlng. There seems to bo lit
tle or no social life. Tlio lack of inonoy pre
vents amusement or excursions. Befoio
mnrringe , subur young men are willing to
foiego nil pleasure that they may save n low
pounds for marrlago. The utmost trillo
baldly makes s ivlng a possibility. Xo pro
vision Is made for old ago , nnd the woik-
house Is regaided by man ) ns the only refuge
for the avciago journeyman If he lives Inngct
than he can work. Tlm workhouse is .so
hated , How over , that lucklncis ! avoid the in
dustrial dwellings because they lojk Ilko
workhouses.
TUP ux-iov MTV.
Of r.,000biickhei-sin London 2J.OOO be-
IOIIL'to the Opei.itlvo Bilcklnyei's aoclet ) ,
formed to control wages and insure Us mem
bers nsahist Illness , lack of woik and pauper
burial. The society bus its lodge on South-
woik-bridceroad , and has Sn.ooo invested ,
It ci.ints LJs per week foi sick bcneilt , SIS for
Imiialbencht , and Is per day to members
seeking work , 'llio siiperanniHted benefit
\ailes from 4s lobs per weeic , Anothci trade
society has at piesont only eighteen mem-
beis. ThebrieklaCM also belong to sucli
bcneilt societies as tlio Odd Pi Hews , ele. ; but ,
asa ink' , maku no provision foi the future
bciml membeiship hi some Christmas club ,
which dlstilbnUn nil Its tunds In lime foi thu
holiday dinner.
: > o iu 11xr sTitiM s.
Theio has been no general strikes since
1STO , but tlio employes coniess thnt the ad
vance ot vvnjos fiuu 7 pence to 0 pence ,
wecklv payments shoit hourj etc. , nio duo
lint icat measuio to these stilkcs In thu
past. Miikes-seem to hnvo CMiipoiarll ) do-
pies.ul thu building hade , but have mndo no
lasting feud bitween miller and men In
fnrt , most ot tlm men told ma frankly thnt
the ) thought the mailers weio making little
ni'inov , nnddid not blniiio thuui for t'to ' luud
Units.
_
' 1 Im Wurkinuii of Paris.
( A'J'yiM ' / / fs&bbj/Jrtiii'jftuiiJuu Itfnnttt. ]
I'\nts , Nov.HO.-fXtiw Voik Herald C.iblo
- .Special loth ? Bl --Forthe ] pasluuk | 1
have IHCII llvine with the brlckkters niid
vv ml ing masons ol I'm js been w Ith them at
tluh woik , nt their lodgings , eaten with
( hum , drank with them , and attended their
I meetings , obli , ; < xl lor this vuiposolo weir n
I blouse and become to nil uitward appcjuanco
n wiVuPti out ut vuiik. The Parisian ma-
sons look like walking meal bags In their
white bleu e and trousers. They are so sat
urated with the dust of the llmestouo with
vhlch they work tint white clouds omcnalo
roni tbem In suffocating puffs at the slight
est provocation. In Paris hardly any houses
ire built of brick , and the total number of
brlckla ) crs Is less than -JOO. But the class that
correspond with the brlcklaers of Now York
md London are the masons , and to them 1
i.ivc devoted my researches. There are In
round numbers to-day In Paris 40.000 workIng -
Ing masons. Of these , at least l.'i.OOO come
From Ltmngc and tlio province of Haute
Vienna , and 8,000 art ) Italians , mostly from
Piedmont. Among the 1'ailslan working
masons 1 have found many half-educated ,
hU'hly Intelligent men , such ns Mm.
Bontet , Caucalon , Itoob , Chnncolct.Santicati ,
Port , Hnult , Obey aiici Blnnchet. 'Ihcy llvo
In clean , comfortable lodgings , near the Hotel
Vllle. They nre Ideal Parisian artisans ,
but the majority of nn onsare fai below all
other wotkhigmen In Paris for industry nnd
morality. The police statistics show thnt of
every 6,000 nrrests mnde In Paris , on an aver
age , lee nto unisons
ivii.uvir.wiNO A wotiKrit.
The follow Ingo Intel view with M. Bontet ,
vv ho li v es at Xo. 1" rue Obllsado gives the
best Insteht Into the life nnd social condition
of the masons thnt possibly can bo obtained.
M. Bontct's facts and figures I have v prilled
bv Interviews with upwards of fifty masons
and members of the municipal councils ot
Pnris , including Cltoyen , Jolfilu nnd Dr.
Bions c , and also by icscarchcs at thu
Masons'Svndlcato of I'm Is. M. B. Is a sllirht
built , lithe , but muscular man , nbout thirty-
two ) ears of nge , with a bright , ftesh count
enance , Intelligent dark eyes , llo Is hand
some and eloquent , nnd wns recently elected
by the working masons n member of tlm
Masons' Sjndlcatc. Ho cnjos great infill-
cute with his colleagues. I asked him :
"WhatIs a mason's pay for n ila's work'.1' '
M. Bon tot Tlio average Is 8 francs foi
the very best wotkmen , and 6f. for as-
Distant and green hands. But , ns the Icncth
of n day's work ol ten vul us , the piy Is usu
ally based on so much per hour. Tlionver-
acp work day Is ten hours In summer and
nine hours In whiter , but some bosses mny
maku men work twelve hours a day. Tlie
pay pet hour foi the best workmen Is from GO
to 7Ji centimes ; for law hands nnd assistants ,
40 to 4r centimes usually. The Italians are
willing to woik twelve hours a day. Masons
get up nt 4 o'clock In summer and nthtilf-past
in winter. They usually go to bed about i )
or 10.
Coriespondent How otten does pay day
come ?
M. Bontet The first Saturday of eacli
month tor the best workmen , but small sums
are given on account every Wedncsda ) and
Satuiday. Tlie masons' assistants garcon
macons are alwa ) s paid cveiy day.
Correspondent What is about tlie average
number of dajs' work in theoai' . '
31. Bonlet There Is no woik for masons
during the three winter months. The most
Industrious workmen cannot get moie than
2oO d.iy'.s woik In the veai. At present theie
Is a severe crisis , and over one-thud ot the
masons of Pnris are without any work nt all.
Correspondent What nld or co-opeiative
societies are there among masons' . '
M. Bontet Theicis the Union Sndlcate ,
dlrtCtl'd by working masons , who nre elected
by their lellnV. ' woikmon. The Union 8)n-
dicite Is a soit of masons' parliament , where
all complaints are vorined , all nioposals con.
sidered and discussed , timl ii > " vhich salai ies
are kept up ns far .is possible so as to eQ.ll'lo
the masons to live like human beings
where , in shoir , cveiythlng touching
their weharo is studied nnd discussed-
'Ihero is also a masons' s vincs batik , wbich
also in sines masons .i ninst accidents. This
is supported b ) thu retention of one sou a
day fiomall masons in active work. This in
stitution providid half pav for six months to
masons out of work , and pays to n mason
who loses a leg or an arm a round sum ot
COOf , and pays l.OOOf to the widow 01 liehs in
case of a fatal accident happening in thu
performance of dilly work. Theio is also
an institution for mutual n'd ' known as the
Union des JIacons , but unfortunately , more
bosses than woikmen belong to this , and It
Is a failure as f.u ns any good to the woikmen
IH concerned.
Coriespondent How much can an indus-
tilous skilled mason nnnago to put aside
from Ins earnings ?
M. Bontet A mason , not encumbered with
a wlte nnd family , can , with tlio stilctcst
economy , put aside SOf pel mouth. But about
half the masons have wives , and sometimes
tlioypeim'.t themselves the luxury ot one or
even two childien. In such cases not only
are there no savings , but it is barely possible
to imko both nnds meet. Take , for instance ,
a lirst-class mason with a wlfo and child.
He cannot live on less than ( if a day that is
tosav"JUKf ) foriJ'W ' days. But stilklng out
the winter and the holidays , ho cannot work
over'250 days , which at St per day would bo
3,0001. Thus under the most favorable con
ditions the budget of this household balances
withn deficit of 1'JOf. '
Correspondent When they hive the sav
ings , what do they do with them ?
Mr. Bontet bend them to their families 01
put them in tliu Calsso d' Hpargue ,
Coirespondent In what part of Paris do
the masons gcncially live ?
Mr. Bontet In the fourth , fifth and seven
teenth nrrondlssements that Is to say , In the
heart of the city , near the Hotel d' Vllle nnd
at Batlgnolles , to the north of the pare Mon-
ceau , where so much building has been going
on dining the past ten ) eais. Thov usually
live In unfurnished lodgings composed of a
single loom , In which tlm mason , Ills wife and
children , nnd often their lolatlons , sleep
together pell mell. The rent of hitch a loom
Is from IbOI to Soar per year. The fuinlturo
consists of one 01 two beds , a table and , i few
chnhs. The nnmairlcd masons , 01 those
vvhon families llvo In the couutiy ,
llvo In garnIs furnished lodging houses
vrheio they get n bowl of soup In the morn-
lug. The ) sleep two In a bed and often theio
aru llvo or six beds In the same loom. Tor
tlm bed and soup they pay ttf per month.
They bii ) their own bread and salad , for
wlikh they pays t-oits a day. They cat dln-
nci at noon nt some msrchard devln , neartho
building upon which they happen to bo
woiklng , They cat boiled bef and vc e-
tnbhs , with plenty of gaillcandaplnt of sour
red wine. This dlnnei costs nbout Ptff.
Coriespondent How do the wives of
masons live' '
M. Bontet.-They woik aUo at whatever
trade they Invo leaincd , except vvheie there
are mnnv children , In which rase they
cook and take care of the household. Many
of them vjiv thu leather bands that go inside
of hats ; othi is make bigs tor limit or pota
toes , nnd the moindustilotia ) ot the wives
earn 10 to0 sous a day.
ConejromU nt Aio strikes ficqticnt ?
Mr. Bontet Xo , principally bee.uiso v > o
have workmen of so many dllfctent national
ities , who clique togcthei and pi event any
Killdlt ) , Italians and Blnoiihslin coino
here , and when tlmy have scinpcd to ethei
2501 the > go homo again , If a shikeof the
masons should take place it would bo very
serious , as it would throw out of woik the
c.irpentcis , p.\Intcrs , plumbers , glaciers ,
pinsteicin , paper hangeis , and tmmi'ious
othir classes of workmen whoso work
caniut begin until the mason work
Is finished. The hst Important strike ot the
mnsons occurred In lsiS , when Maittn Xa-
daiid , then n mason , but now n deputy , i > cr-
sundcd all the unsons to knock oft work ainl
go out to the forest of Pontnlncbleiu to live.
They had n grand picnic for a week , but
when the food jravo out they all walked back
to Paris and went to work again ,
Correspondent What Is the present condi
tion of the trade ? |
M. Bontet Very bail * There has been far
too much building gollig on dining the last
ten ) cars. This attracted from Italy and the
provinces more masons thin were needed ,
and the price of food and living in Paris
prows dearer and dearer every ) ear. A
Mitightcrcdoxln 1847cost20f. To-day It costs
4"iOf. Other things have n cn In piopoition ,
but the most mlschcvloiis thing In the trade
is a class of middle men , who have sprung up
everwhere and piuy upon the workmen
like parasites' . Thov are know n ns tncherons
or taskniastcr-s. They nro meio adventurers
In general w hhont a sou. These vultures go
to large conttactors and oifei them so many
hands at a certain rate per day. Tltpy then
rake together from all corners ol Paris pangs
of men whom they make work like slaves.
The lachcrons secure a percentaRe of the
wages forsuppling tlio workmen with work
and get a commission from the contractors
for finding the workmen. They sometimes
inn off with all the wages. They aio u i or-
fect cut so to ever ) body they come In contact
with.
Correspondent How do the masses amuse
themselves ?
Mr. Bontot They pa s ever ) baturday
Smithy and often Monday In thinking shops ,
eatinu' cherries nnd ptuncs soaked in bad
biandy. A small minority amuse themselves
with politics nnd socialism.
Coiiespotident What is their religion ?
Mr. Bontet A few aie Catholics , but the
most of tbem have no religion.
AT TUB i.omiiNns
A pico of the Herald wonld bo too small
to contain even n summarised description of
tlio masons' lodglrgs that I visited dining
the past week in mode 1'Hotel do Villc , mo
Flgulre , pinpaso ( iiiopln , rue Provot , me do
Kourccy. mo Charlmngnp , mo do Jong and
Batlgnollcs. 1 w 111 give merely a description
ot the lodgings Xo.SJ mo riculre , near the
hotel do Villc. It was 8 o'clock In the oven-
Ing. In the front room n gicat fat woman
with ophthalmic eyes , was dealing out wine ,
bad brandy and vermouth to acry thirsty
and very noisy crowd of masons returned
from work , and just paid oil. Kvery drink
cost : i sous. Passing thiough this room
I enleied a poorly lighted back loom , with a
siono tlooi alul wooden tables and
rickety chain ? blled with masons
eating reminnts of n "pot feu" cabbages ,
potatoes , onions , gaille also salad ami
cheese , and drinking nluts of red wlnu.
Aftci eating they pijlled a bundle of Car-
poi.il tobacco out ( Of their pockets to loll
ciarches. 1 offered some of them a handful
of veiy hue Russian cigare'tes ' that n filetut
had just sent from St Petciburs' . They
smoked them , but sTiookithclr heads and sntu
they liked tlio Carppial better. 1 then went
upabicak-ncck stalrcas.0 the house was at
least three hundreitearh old nnd looked nt
thobediooms. The first-one I entered wns
nbout font pnces square , with a stone llooi ,
and was eight feet hlglu There weie plenty
ot eockio.ichos In the couiei and theie wus
seaiccly space to walk * nbout , as the room
contained live Iron beds , almost touchlne
each other. My conpanlon , whoso name
was Poiiler , n ) oungiwreon ( macon , " said :
"That's my bed ? thp half : | bf it nearest the
wall Is my part. Tliu''tall man with the
srd has the other half. "
I asked : "A e all the beds occupied ? "
He icpiled : "i'cs t o sleeping iu each
bed. "
The beds had straw mattresses and bior.'x
woolen blankets and shaw pillows. There
were shelves nil lountl the walls for tools
and clothing , in a coiner wns ono small
table and on it a basin , about the sl/c of a
laige linger bowl , a stone basin of water and
omo pieces ot yellow soap , some nbout the
si/oota whist counter , some dirty towels be
side itand a bioken looking glass was nailed
to the wall. These must serve for the mom-
Ing wasli of ten men. On the table also
teed an empty brandy boltlo with halt ot a
tallow candle stuck in the neck. The only
means foi ventilation was ono small
window , opening on the alluvvay , reeking
hidcscilbable smells. 1 enteicd another
small loom , which served as lodgings fora
mason , his wife and four children , aged six
teen , fifteen , twelve' and eight , the two
) otingcr being girls. Tills loom had only
thrcobeds. Hetuinlngto the eating loom I
found the men sucking away at cheriles
soikcd In brandy and smoking cigaiottos.
Thicoor font weie plaiinc dominoes , and
ono old mill In a cornet was reading the
Petit Journal. 1 treated my companion ,
Polrlcr , to a glass of cognac. It tasted like
alcohol and water , with a slight tinge of to
bacco juice to give the right color.
Looking around the house , I espied Mine
Jane Hading in n delicious toilet of Danish
ted cloth , the inge here , open vest and cieam
waist-cnat , a bonnet ot cloth to match ,
pinked out nt the cd es and bwdeis with ns-
tinkhan.
DOVVV ON Tin : nossi > .
1 aslcd a good natnrcd lookln- mason in n
white blouse nnd ted turKlsh fe"How : do
) on get on with the bosseV. ' ' '
He shrutrged Ids shoulders , gave a huge puff
of tobacco smoke , and said :
"They are all ciUvaidly scoundiels. They
steal right and left , They aicarnco of de-
voiiieis ot thowoild. They mo a debauched
late des mniigueisdo la mondotous ; mon-
steis. The ) nio cnnnlllo , "
JI.VTmilL I1AIIAV3.
On ni ) way hoimi 1 mot In the me Charle
magne a gang of Italian masons. Beat in
mind , the Italian woikmen aio almost as
mud ) tinted U ) tint Parisian woikmen nsthe
Chinese In California and tor the same ioa-
son. They llvo cheap , work twelve or any
niimbfi ol boms n daj , and mnko competi
tion Millions , nnd when they get about "M
francs they go home neuln. This gang of
Italians weio halt drunk nnd very boisterous.
They were fihoutln * nnd singing asong which
began , "Santa Maria , hauta Maila , " 1 asked
ajoutu Parisian manon who was lemlng
ngninst n lamp post , laughing at them :
"What nro IIOM ! > , Italians going to do ? "
Ilu replied : "They go about hinting and
how ling ntnUht , Thoysun going to cat an
olive nnd a piece of maiciiioni , nnd take the
bicad right out of our mouths , If wo inter-
fete with them they stab ) ou In the stoimuh
with knives. "
I did not question the Ilalians , but ptu-
sitcd my icscnithoi elsow here.
Condition hi Herlln.
iSSC/iy Jama ( } , rtluill'iincll \ , ]
BI.III.I.V , Xov. 20. FXovv Voik Heiald
Cable .Special to the BI.I , | "Above all ,
don't boscuti with socialists , " vv.is the ndvico
given moon mvairiva ) , "orjou will Imvean
ugl ) tlmeof it. " Cbwieil b > this piospect , 1
began in ) Investigations of ( lie condition ot
labor In Beilln. ' { 'ho mnjoilty ot Berlin
woikmen aie open socialistsbtitoitl ) n smil )
section aiu oi , ini/ed socialists , vvbilo a
smaller but interestng | faction , though they
aim at social icfoiuls , are distinctly .iml-o-
ciahsts. ( Jeimiiuy to-day has 11OCO,000 w ork-
Inginen , women and children stiugirllngoi
longing to i in prove their not ovei-
blissful condition. Of this enormous
mass haidly ' . ' 00,000 .irn orgaul/cd.
B.uclyjialf of these are , or were , allillatea
with socialist societies Bismarck takes a
llvel ) Interest In German workmen , but rules
them with a rod of Iron. The only laboi or
ganizations not regardo 1 as nuisances .no the
-Kosccnlhaler Libor unions , stalled In 1M" > 3
by two carne t reformers , lr. Max lllrsch
and Uerr Dnncker , and known as lllrsch-
Dunckers. or the Deutsch Oowerkverolne.
Their objects am strictly economical. Their
piogrammo excludes lellglon and politic * .
They aim at a friendly conciliation of
the Interests of labor nnd capital , nnd
now , nftereighteenears' existence , muster
over Wi.OOO members. Herr Dunckcr , who
wns formerly editor of the Volks Xcltung ,
retired Irom the active control of thoOowcrk-
vciolne , but Dr. lllr oh still ctildes the move-
nient. Nobody In Beilln probibly know s
moro of the labor question , or the dilllcnltles
which beset the Independent leformers. The
othei night 1 accouipvnlcd Di. Hirsch and
Heirl'idke , his alter ego , to a meeting of the
sevuitecn associations forming the Vei-
bindo dcr ( lowcrkvoicine , 01 Amalgamated
( iciman trndes union.
AT V VSIOV MKKTtNO.
About 0 o'clock wo were usheicd Into a
loin ; , dark tiler hallo on thu llrst ( tool of a
house on the Alto Jacob stiasse. The teem
was simply furnished with a few d"al chairs ,
benches nnd tables , at which about twenty
delecntes wcio seated smoking pipes and
thinking huge glasses of Weiss beer of
spatun binn. All the delegates seemed In-
tclllgentand tliouchttul men. Ihc ) all woie
broad cloth , but all were bona lido woikmen.
Hen Polke explained to mo Ihnt the delegates
were'electcdby tlieh lesrectlveconstltuencles
foi nn tndelinltu time. Some have ncted
foi ten or twelve ve.us. Knelt lepicTiits
a groti ) ) of nbout ! ! ,0X ( ) nmalgimntcd work
men. Meetings me held every foitnlght.
The pioceedlngs on the nluht 1 mndo my
visit weio unliiterestiutr , hut 1 wns struck by
the sobriety , moderation and fluency of the
speakers. Among the silent members WPIO
Hnns Sachs , the pack sliocnnkcr. Tliu lion's
shaio of the talking wns done by Dr. Hhsch ,
Herr Polko nnd Hen Mauch , the secietniy
of the Impoitant mnchlno builders' union ,
which mnstcis 17,000 members.
1.A1I011 I.EDKIlS TALK.
Aftui the meetlns ; I Interviewed Heir
Mnuch nt n nelghboiing beer house. "The
labor movement In ( lermany , " said he , "Is
still In its tntancv. Only about five thousand
Beilln workmen belong to our verbnnde. As
for me , though secretary of our larccst ge-
wcrkvetpln , compared to a man In a similar
position In Knghuid , why , I am nobody , "
and with a sigh Herr Mauch called foi noch
cin glass.
.Nextday I interviewed Herr Polko at the
office ot Der ( iewerkveiein , the organ of the
< ! erii ! : ) trades union , In regaid to the pur
pose and methods id th'j liirsdi and Duncker
movement. "What is your chief object1'
said 1.
"Wcwlshto conciliate the rival intciest
of the emocd ] ! nnd the emploers , " said
Herr Polke.
"D oou adv ocatc the paiticipation of w01 li
med ii > the pioliLs ? "
"Xo ; that Is ! ! ' > t jet consideicd in ( Jer-
many. "
"Do ) ou approve of strikes ? "
"No ; on piinciple , we ire dead ng ! ast
strikes. Wethlnk , as the statutes of our as
sociation cxpicss it , that wages should bo
gufllclcnt to maintain workmen nnd their
fiumlicr decently nnd assure Ilicin ngalnst the
misfortune attendant on inability to woik.
But vvostart _ vvith the Idea that strikes bring ;
no lasting benefit and servo to embitter the
relations of the-men with the mastei1' . "
'How do you hope to effect your object
then , which , presumably , is the Improvement
of the position ot the woiklngmcn ? "
'We work on filendly lines , " taking the
Kuglish trades unions as out models. Wo
have found unpiejitdlced gceinlqtings
acmetei , repiesenting both men and the
masters , whose mission it is to prevent
strikes , through them the men nnd masters
lix the wages foi n ceiUln time nt a certain
rate , varing with ciicumstances. Whllo
the agreement lasts the mastcis have no need
to fear stiIkes , while the workmen have no
tear ot reductions of wages. If either paity
wishes a modification ol the covenant it
must apply to the geeiuiqungs nemetPi , who
discuss tin ) matter. 'Huts the men nnd mas
ters are drawn together and 111 feeling
prcatly lessened. "
"llavoou nostilkes ? ' '
"Very tow. Ot03 strikes iccoided within
the last live ) cars and o-.ci , gewerkveieln
only took part In thiee. Tlie cliiet of these
was the irieat Waldcnbtngcr strike. It oe-
cttried in lEG'.l , nnd niose Irom the mine
ovvneis ol Waldenburg in Sclilesein disput
ing tlio undoubted legal right estab
lished by paragraph lYi of the
re'chsweilu mdnung of woikmen to
uiiito foi the improvement of tlio condi
tions of labor. It lasted six weeks. Public
opinion and the opinion ot ninny
mcmbcis of the relchstig was In oin
favoi. Wo sacrificed 1 0,000 mniks
In suppoitlng the sluice. But among
the mine owners was Pi inco Von Pless , the
millionaire. Ho could atfoul to wait , and In
the end the longest putso won. The work
men wcio beaten , but strangely enough , In
this case the htiiko rathei Impiovcd the lela
lions ol the men and masteis. hlnco then
our veielno have had few stilkes. those or-
ganl/ed b ) the machine bnildeis and poite-
laln makeis gave no ptitleular lesnlls. In
18T7there was anothei greit strd.oof socialist
nnd non-socialist workmen , which was final ! )
ended thiongh Di. Ilhsch by means ol a
gcelnlguiigsaml. So , ) ou sio , wo aio
not mere theoilsls. Often , too , rather thin
ilsk a stiuggh ) with a povveiful veioln , the
masteis voluntarll ) giant the desired rli-oof
vvau'ps. Moieovei , to show \ou how moder
ate we aiu , several Immensely wealthy man-
titncttireis and eapitallsts.no bonoini ) mem-
bms of our societies. Among them am lien
Wiedermnnn , of Apohln , near Wehuni , and
Hen 1'iinUbtli , thu great Landsbcig Iron
innster. "
'nvldentl ) ) om Sstctn Is veiy dilfeient
fioin that ol the socialists in social demo
crats ? '
"Kntliely. Wo aio like tnc and wutci.
Here , jtm bee , " said Herr Polke , show Ing mo
the latest n umber ot the socialistic Boillnor
Volksblntt , "hcio Is an arcldo attacking oui
Idc i of beeinlgiingsamtei , "
"What organUatlons have thu social demo
cratlc workmen ? "
" 1'hev loundcd what weio callol tlio facie
verelne , mostot which have latol ) been dis
solved ow Ing to their political tendencies , A
lew , however , nmniigod to suivive , Thu
motto of the taLliverehio was : "W.u to the
knlle ; death to capital ; no compromise , " it
Is needless to sa ) that no nmstoih were mcin-
buis In the most iccont shlkoi , piomotcd
b ) the socialist organUatlons 01 a lonicta-
tlonsof neil organised socialists hen- , there
woio some advantages gained for the work
men , but In Illogical majuiity of t.isfs the
masteis conqueied. "
"Besides thu gownkveiine. and Ifmhver-
ilno , what other lub'Ji ' or aiil/.itlons aie
them In ( iermnn1
"Tliero nro various others 'I he chief are
tlio icIUIon * goscllun , most DI width won )
founded b ) the ( cathullcd in obcdluiiu to
pilestly usurp itluu. "
"How are the ) ifzanicil b > the govPin-
iiient ? "
"With small tavor. Its idcaisstito so
cialism. Ours Is indcpumleut rofoim. But
it doc& nut Intbrfvre with us. "
"L > u ) < ) u liiid It possible to uonduct : >
movement through such n snnll number o (
delegates as I mw nt ) o terda\s nicotine ? "
' Tno fewer the belter. All Imcl more form
erly , but found It caused delay nnd confu
sion. "
"What funds have ) on ? "
"Since 1S31 thosubcriptions of members of
our vpielno lo our sick nnd Inirlnl ussurancis
and oilier fund- * have amounted to Ji.000,000
luniks , or about SJOOJtOOO. of which 7.TIXI.OCO
marks have boon disbursed. Thus \\o liavoat
our disposal lWfO ! ) marks "
AMONO Till ; 111)11.DIM ) ) TltVDKS
LeaIIIB their p.tlkl 1 started on a tour ot In
quiry In tlio outl ) Ing workmen's quarter * . 1
v islted n n umber of \ \ orking brlekla ) crs In the
northern nnd eastern Vorsshodto. The
building ti.ulu Is the levoisoot flemishing at
pipsont. Of the 10,000 hi Ickla ) ers In Herlln
1,000 are out of woik. The discontent , though
smothered , Is ceucral. The bileklaerS .uo
looklm : forward ultli dteid to the foithcom-
lugwintci. 1 need not repent nil the stories
told mo. Itlll suffice to single out tlio toi-
low Ins lplcal cases :
1 first called on Morlt1'ieuss , an Intolli-
cunt man , nt No. M Anklangs strnssp , In
llosonthnloi veislndt. Passing through the
court jnid of a lofty , batrack-llko building , 1
knocked at n door on tliu fourth llooi nnd
\\ns shown Into nnent , ally apartment , nhont
twelve feel by nine , doing dut ) as a bedioom
nndp.uloi. The ftnnltuio cimslsted of : i
wooden bedstead , \\iudtobc , n table , n low
chairs a pctnmhulatnr , tuning nt
night as n child's cot , n high ,
\\hltc , gla/od stove , sadly suggestive
ot Hie tombs ot IVtol.i Chaise , half atln/.en
lirluls and eliromos , and n liesh walci aqunr-
uni. lieu Pteuss had just supped and was
in his shht sleeves In the kitchen adjoin-
inn 1 C < > t n glimpse ot n ios ) cheeked woman
busy at tlio wnsh tub. llori 1'ieuss Is aged
thtrt-tvvo , Is maril d and has two veiy
) ouiig children. Ho nseu In summer at h.ilt
past 4 nnd In wInter tit 0. Once ho lu.ucs tlio
house ho seldom returns until the even
ing , llo ictlies at 10. Ho rents
two rooms , foi which ho pas IbO marks ,
nbout 8-14 , yearly. lie. estimates hisaverace
annual cainings at 1100 marks , about S2V ( > ,
half ot which ho spends Ho Is paid -l-i ! ) pfor-
ilgs.nbout 10 cents , per hour. In summer ho
wotks ten hours per day and In whiter eight
ornhic. Ho does not woik on Sundas. Ho
calculates thnt ho has on an .ivciago'JM ) work
ing dnsacai. The clothes for his family
cost o\er 100 maiks , about S24 ; taxes J50
marks , nbout S7. llisv.ifo.ls too busy to do
an ) tiling but cook and nurse
the cliildicn. As n inlo bo
spends his evenings at liome. Now and then
friends drop In and take a li.uul In nt sehat-
skof , the popular Berlin caul game , cr scch-
sund/ch/ig , and on Snndas gallim natuill-
chetwas knelpen. As to the wages he is only
half content , llo thinks lie Is hatdly ticntud
by the ninstets , who cut down wages on the
slightest provocation , llo beloiiL's to the
Uilcklajeis' ( iwcikverhi and subsciibcHto
its relict tund. He is not a socialist. Hen
Pi cuss is a favorable specimen of the bnck-
la.ver.
A.VOIJII.ll SI'LCIVIKN IllllrKI.AYP.l ! .
Hcrnuin Muellet lives on the foitith llooi
ot , i house iu Biennen stiasse. Tlio npait-
incnt consists of a ititUei laigo room , lighted
by two windows , furnished with two com
fortable beds , two chairs and ciic. : , " engr.iv-
ingsand a small kitchen , Mueller Ib mCJ-
lied but has no chlldien. llo ilses nt 5 In the
summer nnd G In attic winter. Honsunlly
goes to bed at 10. These hews apply to
almost all brlckla ) crs here , and
it is useless to icpc.it the details.
Ho sometimes dines at home nt midday , but
ccnorallv has his bread , ham and beei
biouglit tohiin bj hlbwitc. 'His wife does a
little sew In ? . Heir Mueller works ten houis
a day in ihu sumnici an ; ! "l lil in tlio win
ter. llo has been pictty steadily emplojsd
by the same masters for the last ten ye.us.
On the average he works200dis a jeai and
now cams M7J pfennlirs ( about 11
cents. ) per hour. Ho spends alloeethei 1,300
marks ( about 31'pei nnniiin. ) Clothes cost
r > 0 marks , tent 20 ! ! , and food 11 poi week. He
sives nothing. When ho has any spare cash
ho biis a coat or a plcco of furnitiiic. Oc-
cisloiiallv he goes to the thcatie with his
wife , or to n dance on Sundays. He is quite
satisfied with his nia-tei and has plenty ot
wmk. Ho subscilbcs to irllef funds but
bolongi to no veieiti.
A LVSS uosi 1.01.
The lot of August SteigoliU , who lives at
Xo 18 Hoscntlm'ci ' strasso , halt a mile neaior
thocenterof the city , Is less rosj. llo in
habits the door of an old , inisciablu house.
Ills np-irtmcnt is reached by n low , dilipi-
dated staircase , and consists ol what might be
described as tluee diity whitewashed Ht.dis
under the loof. Access IB .seemed through
the kitchen , a dingy hole , ciowded with
11,111 s , kettles , and luinbci. 'Ihu chief
room Is only seven Icet high and eight feet
n.uaro. The whole stage Is daik , dirty
and unwholesome. Here Hen .Stttlgellt/
lodges with his wlte , his old mother
nnd two daughters. When 1 called
the family woio outing llieli evening
meal ot bund , vegetables and oofiee.
Ilerr htclgelit/ toity sl\ , but looks sixty.
JIN wltt'e.uns 100 inaikH pi-i jear by wash
ing. Tlie ( l.iughti'iH woio educated fioo at
the gedew InsLliiilc. He is now working nine
houisnor dn > , but espects to t > a soon ledurcii
to eight. Sometimes lie ! > without woik for
two 01 tinoo months togethei. His rent costs
1M ) marks , nhont i..T.W. He cams 1,100
marks , ( about SiO1" ) .1 JP.II , butbponds neitly
allot It , HlH i > | p ent m.istPi p.ijs 47K ) > len-
nigh ( about 11 runts ) pet hour. Hi > Is too
UK d nt nl ht foi amusement , but on .Sun-
d.i > s l.c visits fnciids 01 goes to the Hind-
ivcikvt'ioin , 1I jiajs ft "f pfennigs ( about 10
lontnMvceMj lot i.'licl and builil funds
hike alui'ist all the Kcillu biii'kl i > urs he
has been 1111 ibln to iiisine hie lilf , and belongs -
longs to no polltir.il oiinttlon ,
lll-SMl-l Ihll WIJII IIII.II'K. .
CnniPit T , , of JJit-nui'iis tiasie , routs tlueo
pleasant , loltv looms in a couit. Thn bust
loom lias two windows uinl Is tiuninlieil with
a cheap mahotcanj ! > 'iM < "iila vrudroho , n
cofa , suvcialchili'- t.ihlo nnd the Inevitiblti
htovn mausoleum mid a'piiliiin. ' A bed-
loom , witn one < vlndo\v , is | ( > t to a lmlcr. ( ;
Tlio Mtchcn In v > : ) innll. llori I' Is 111,11-
ricil and has tvv o b dues w ho si > nj > hi 1hi < same
loom asthuli puunU. 'llso motlivr does not
earn any money , lien 1' . lias li.ul
steady woik at cUht to nlnu houis a
d.ij for the hamo in tsteiinco J nan. Ho
Is dlssitlsllcil with His portion ui'd i oin-
plained bltti'il ) ot llm m.-ntei's t'usc-iistcd- '
nosi. Ho Is c.irnlng r ptennigs fabonl 10
rnnls ) pri luiui. litli kh > nrs iaiu | > git moro
than SJ jifunniipni bout lutio. 11-t ft'.irs
that ljoil will id in top woik .ilto i ihei. His
out uists Si ) ) uniJ ; , llui add notsi } wliAt
hl gro < s IMI iln , wonus 1m Lecjii no ac
( Ollilt , pOiBlldj 1. ' ) ) lill > nd ) itT JIMI. Ill *
fijii'iids ( > \i'i > tiulci. lln cili'iil ite-i lh.it
the Inoi ! < il ilie laiull > (0.115
.ii.uks ) ii \\if | , Tlu-n thuu is
Jlihut. V/lm'aUihiiV' Oh , ninth . , > lpo
ut li'ei ' hall round thj coiucr. ilu i.umnt
nlliml lo gn t Ihc.itiii'i , On biino-iv ho
nnnisi's Mi.ncll by nhopplnvood 01 taiies
his ! mill ) out toi a wait ,
tojirr vl KOK in.MS
JJm'olf lilibiiicht l.vcsou the Kitnind Hoer
i nf u bif Meal. liuii-H at ] So 1 I'liListclnlx-i
fctrasso , in the noithcrn dlatiiit. Hi : is 11111-
ileci and liiisnni * baby. Hh ' .oinii Is .uiL.it
and decent two-winuowi d otul/n .iridl itc'K'ii.
Thu IOIIHLI titiitilitb two in. i"X'fiiy
beds clnhuro curtains a wardrobe ,
sofa and mirror. The chief luxury
Is a InMo Vlcnneso clock , llo earns
pfennigs ( about 10 cents ) per hour , llo
works about iXX ) dajs a jeni nt an average oi *
nine hour ? , tils wife tas at homo to uurst
the baby. Ltcbtccht sav es nothlni ; of the ! > OC
nnrks ho earns n jear. Ho spends WO foi
rent , TO for clothes and 73 per week for food.
Ho complains of heavy tnse * . Ho was form
erly a member of I'achvetln. In summer ho
sometimes coos toacoiic'rt. Ho subscribes
to the Oilskn-t-c.
It S TO I.tVK I't.AIVJ.Y.
Trledcncli H.iumgait , aged tlility.pcn ,
lives on the fouith Moor of No. 71 Itelniber-
Kcr tra si' . Ho Ins n wlfonud seven chil
dren living , nn'd tlm eighth Is expcclca vion.
The eldest boy Is fourteen. Ho cams 7
marks n week. Tlio wlfo is kept busy l.ikli c
cue of the hon-p nnd t he pale , pinched eh !
dieu. When 1 called thepueiilsuiid ii\t \ > chil
dren werehuddlcd togtthei In thechlel Mubc ,
the mother nnd clils kulltlngaiid tin- babies
b Inc about on nmltre'i > e < < . Thrco children
atloiid the gemelnde sohule. lieu Haiimgnrt
has worked foi the same master tor the l.ibt
four jcxis , yro da.vs In the jeat at 47
pfennigs per IHIUI. Ills poll01 boss ( Is a
jrood tfllow , Hen It.iuniEait spends 310
marks per j ear foi rent. Peed for his family
costs is mniks weekly , and ilothcs posts ITX )
markstt jeai.Tho famllv areobllged toconteut
themselves with a dinner of bicad , weak
eotreo and an occtslonnl lieiilng , .Supncr
consists of bread , vegetables ami coffee.
Hen llaumgart and his son eat n bit ot
bread and s insane and di Ink a mug of beer
at noon , whlrli cost 1" pfennigs. Ilu sub-
ibes t < i tlio Ottskassc , but saves nothing.
Helms no money for the.ities. lleumiiMB
himself with the chlldien and avoids pol
itics.
DOWN ox HIS i.rcic.
HcrrKatl Kust Is n tcspcct.iblo bilckla > cr
down on his luck. Ho rents two damp , un-
healthv , whlto ashed collais on Klapstoct
strnsse. Ho has n wife nnd one grown up
daughter nt homo , besides nil adopted Inftmt
In arms. The daughter makes one mark a
day at dicssmaklnir. Ills wlfo
Is too old to woik. 11 err
Itust made gieat sacrifices to educate Ids live
children. Ho sent several to middle class
schools and one to a goveiuess. l.nttcilv ho
only worUpuhalt tlio je.u. Ho has had no
work .slnco October , and his small
savings , arc melting nvvay. When cm-
plojed ho makes 45 pleiinlcs an lionr ,
lie disapproves nt .socialism , but joined In
thogencialfitilko with tooo ? Ucilln bilck-
la > eis lust j ear. The men wanted a i also ol
5 pfennigs In wages nnd got It. They sttuck
agiln foi another i also tills year , but weio
beaten. As n foiennn himself , ho had ( Mined
CO pfennigs an hour. Foreman's wajos
Average from 00 to 70 pfennigs per
hour. Hen Itust bad subscribed for nflcea
jears to the sick liind of the ( iemcikvcreln ,
but left In disgust because thej cut down too
allowance , lib pa > si0 ! murks ( about r.'JO )
foi a loiuh suit of clotliPs. Ho gets ono
sipiaro me.dnt n lull t anil lias no amusement.
Ills rent costs 147 miiki. He subscilbes to
tlio binlal bonid fund , and thinks that when
too old to woik the best thing lor him to dote
to die.
die.st
st MM \ ni/iKfi i nr RI ruAi ION.
Evunthu pooiest houses 1-visited seemed-
to ho tolerably dralnod and well supplied
vfi'Hatbr. . The nvcuigo of domestic mor
ality seonis Jo be high. I found hardly any
Irregular households. The men arc civil and
hObcrand altogothci COG. ! examples ot what
might he found In the s.ifuovalk of life in
London , 1'ails or even NcwYoik. .
ouis PAINS JiKTrra. fAn / - .
An Intcrpstlntr fjot oT Nous Prom tlie
Cny French Capital.
| Cir'"fi'il ) ' IbSH till Jnincs dunlin U'liHttt. ]
TAnis , Nov. 0. [ Now York Herald r.iblo
Special to the III.i : ] The government can
not linil anv suitable bicnchmnn willing to
? o to Tomiuin ns resident general. Tlio
I'icncli cliambcis have given up as hopeless
all ofloits to airicc upon tliu budget , and the
couspivatlves loudlj pioclaim n dissolution
ol tliu chambci and a new election to be tlie
oulj solution of the pioblcm.
A.SOIIIII : M SIKIIIOUS vit'iniKii IN I-AIIIS.
Theioscemstobea di.ul lock cveijwhero
except In ulniiimllty , and icstciday vv.is dl -
covcied pcih.ips ono of. the most vvchd and
mysterious murdciB of the jc.u. On October
' . ! ' ) .ijoung man , drcsstd in n workman1 ! )
blouse , called ntNo. iiOiuo Do La Ceilnale ,
neat the boulevaul Henii ( Juatrc. lleusked
the rnnclerge , who Is u thin , neivous lltllo
man with long hah , named I'oriadc , to IIMSO
him n small back chnmbor , 01 lather n closet ,
then \acant , and vvhlch could only bo en-
teicdl ) > means of , i ladder. The young man
In the blouse paid ten II.IIKS and said : " ( ) : i
tlminth of Novembei I shall conic tollvoln
that loom with my wile. " Hu took the key }
and walked off , and the concleige novel havf
him again. Vestciduv the concierge , heioin-
fng une.is ) , ihoucht ho would cntci thueibl-
net , lot but not otiupled. He , howevei , fhat
knocked , nnd not being sur-
piibPd ft rcpplvlnir no ajiswer ,
opened the door with it pass l.oy
'I ho loom was d.uk , nml the couclcigono <
tlccd u strange , suffocating smell. In .1 lovr
moments the ( onchrge'h ejes , becoming nc-
custoiiip I lo the ( lail.ncsH , lie notki'd two
naknl human feet piojectlng from beneath
u sin.ill lion bed. Ilu touched tliu fut : and
louiid them lev cold. The conclcrgo then ran
to the pollen station nnd theie niinoum i d his
hoiilhlc. dlhoovciy. A commlssniyof police ,
a doi toi and n hPii'Maiy auivud a fuvv 1110-
meiits later and found thcinsulscs In tlio
lircscuce of the Ptitliiily nnda cor-o | of n
beautiful , welMormcd blonde younu' girJ ,
iipauntl.v ] ) about twenty years of agr. De
composition had aheidy t ikini plnco In
the nuns and bn > arl. but although n
long tlmo must havu el.iiHed since tin ) com
mission of thiKrlmn tin IPS ) ii the body wns
Intact. Ihodoctois tiiiggeot that the ihath
waf..uiiHl by poison , ; IH no woundh were
vlhllih ) , 'I ho autopsj t.d ( b ulai to-dibnt
nh > ct the polite have no tracoc < ipablo ol
dealing up thlb now I'.ulbl.m m\stcry ,
A f I.A'I WOMAN AMI Hl.ltKKVOl.VI'll.
The woman who astounded the dcpullcx on
Thinwhy with a levohcr is s.dd to bo ti.uy ,
So iioids liavi ) vet hi on found of llm mini/
emus law Milts 10 wl'ich ' she .UtilOuli i ! iicr
iilvanc ; ! ,
WH.l. KKnWN AMI Itlf ANS I.V 1'AIIIS ,
Amni'i : the well kiitiVMi Amcrhans nnw In
1'ails is MJiim ! > 4 Itmwn I'otter , vOi < > made
quite n sensation \Vci'r.i \ < > ilayai the oporx ,
whei. < him iviupled the mlnibtcilnl bo.s ns tin *
guet ol .Mi. nnd Miss MiLu e , .Mi > . Kronu
I'ottcrvvm simply and uci oinlnglj iiu.ijcd
lnahl.i''l : t-llk evening du'hs , oriiaiiientt- ( |
vith Lire and jet , her d.iik Irilr tlngid witlt
ic I , bcin , ; plalnlj ari.nuru nnd ndoiurd
vuth a ( lia.'Hind phi Mii > won * al-.ii 11 ,
.li.niioinl nctklaco with , in oilginnl iicml.iiit ,
.Mis. 1'otlei will wlnlci I ne , liaving t il.on
ai'linrmlng suite of apiitmcnts In HID Hotel'
S.ilfifii , Mis. 1'oltei's ihtld and .M < le l.is
sci.'totoie | still euiitlniii- the Intiumy llm
'
sja.ing up lit lv\ecu them on bo.ud the ( Jab-
cngiie , and llii'j in i > I e si en plnylngt > cthctj
In the ririmps d'H > ei s i v < iy day
Ml'H Mai ) Audi I .DII ) > nUolii J'ails fi.-'y.
Ing tlio I'lene ) hn u.vi with great
but slut ha % 1 cjit lici UK \ einfiti > ill n 'ly
insn , not wisliln , ; tu be'xiihuied ' bv
te.icij'i ' ilnlaiiciis. Slu d os not wish lo lu >
.ii/u' ' In li'r ( , i.iil ai'.irtiuuiU , ui > t n
ii'e .1,111 tucic tin t'ji in)1 ] ( , bl e