- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . - _ _ _ _ - - - - - : . THE DAILY BELFRI1TA , OEMJll1t9 , i8B. . 7 : : - 'rEf NECESSITY \ Fo THE SPECIALIST , ' DR. H. WAGNER , I11 toro P0 tt tL d3' ttSiflfly th ( ! . Twdk % , dnce ia cer Icresjng , td ! t IIunT1e brnth re Ltut nczu x.d trtr to perfc.ctloD. tc Oiie IvAfl N1 thy Ongr irQp them i1 Itar the * ity for tllvldlng the * tor. And It I. fre beod all 4otabt th&dC , & 1CCtLfl the ien tOwtharj crri reI pci1 study nioro than any. tthg eke , U WC141 wc1cntxd wid kncw 2ow , tl.tthrn prprv. IIt. I ! . 1VAUNkP t tuiiy swr thit there & ? o r.a1jy jd acme flMbto pOp3 , wbti wIfl nJftr.II ! m for n4n the 1aM ot 1a'Me a pe. t.41tybnt1ieIebRM. thknowthat th lnot per. NrI 02 n1nemnt Lntofl4vn tm re enIhtnn. ! I i tacn of the ubject , and tha. the hyax' 4. , ' Ju 'Qotte hIrnU to rvIethg the nttlcted nntl Iivt1g them from were thftn death , i no k phi. bteth1Opt and torifato , to hii rare than the ur r' Cr I'hytlcla.n who hy c1co R1bUoatlon e'ei In t.ycthcrbranchofiM prCksIOn. AUI IOftUflSteI cc hun.anity , the day e ttan1n ehcn the kthophy ! th4 eo4emned the , j'tIrn of folly or 7flL ( ' , Iicthe kp.a w&t thu Jcih lao , to iie t.Lnid : forLt ) d&My. A Few Reasons. t.Th ) OU , ) ( . 11d tzy the ckt&ti ir. 13. Wntcs xt.hod of cure : . "j.r. K Wc4mer Ia rntur pwtc'.a.n. ' 0. . Fotitn , , . - The flrentotLIving IhreuIog1it. "Fcw can c.cc1 you Miidodor. . IJR. 3. S1B , Thc Wokt'p Grttcct Fhyognonilst . . .scu ere won4erfolly Irocknt in our I.noI cI Wreao exad ncdXcne. " Dr..J. ) . ! ATT1I1W. 1 , 4.&tTho L'r.kt(1 fna rcoIy ethel In 3our 1.I i'nco. " JYe. .1. iMa. , M1 f. "Dr. Ii. Wner I , i rrgttT gi1,4u.to ticrn r4IieYuo Ioptth3 , NOw YOrkciy hea had ery cx. Lta hopi pre.k , alid fthoroUghIy P ° ° ' CU Iu trt.neheg of hi belcnid acne , epcciA1)y on ' ehrotiodI&a. ' 1ta. 1itowxEr. & Ewrce. f _ "Dr. If. Wagner i.n bumorliied 1'Jxnelt b' _ t , 'c'ndtthiid1scovr.Pof Ped remcd1 for prt * , c. % ( MuA2 d1.-Vfrtnia City Cbrotiicc. . 7. "Thoisnnds of thvaltd fo.i : to co ' MxCco CrOi1c3c , , S. The Doetore kn experkr.co x ii , hc.id reridet Wm very zoUi. Plain Facts Plainly Spoken. &tctCthLoli dUiOflO thC.Cti ( ? tfl. - . .xoiy Oolded by the proeeion , md rxviical crkaI lt a few ytre no woiid hardiy mention It. To.4ay the Ithy..idtu3 10 of a dUiertnt opinion ; he It owart , that it It h duty.-i1entreebIe though it IL4y be--to haUlle tht nitt-er oithout glovet and Wuik about It : and Int thcat pazcnte and rrdianH iU thank him for doIng o. The result8 tttfldI thie destructive ica were for. e iLtriy nut t1Idt'TltOOd O flO ) TOCdY est1ntWd ; and u trLortaJ1Ce belnfatathclt ; to a subJo b1ch by . ) unture ( ket not inIt. 01060 IntetJgntioii , It Wet yingy ) ! Ieiored. , rhe I-ebit Ia gcnerniy ecotracted by the ycuop . . ' . - . nhioaten61ng : twhooi.ckIcr ; campaniona thiouh . . their e.ntnide , , may be reponefl1c for It , or It zany ho uIted through aOCXdOUL The e.citenient once cx. . . penanced , theprnctlco will ho repeated ngan and - e alnt.ntII lUast the hmit beoomca firm and comrn p' . . ; ' .ttd2yentJatctthe.ctm .Mentalaudnersoua at - ict.iont are uauofly the primary renuite of eelf.abuae. ' .4.Cug the Injurious tifecte m.ey be enentloned lanai. . , ' ' . ' * - tde. dejecuon or.eiliUtyot tenper and general ; . tiability. The boeeeka aechion , and razeiy joine : iutheeportaofhe coinpeniona. ii be be.e young . : ' w.&n he . ; t11 ho little fqund in company with the other v.ex , and Is troubed ± th exceeding end annoying tift1nf.e In theit pre.enco. LftWIIouo I1rCflt eta1sion and cnt1coa on the face , etA , are also prottLit.'tt aymptom& If thepratlceIa .io1enUypereiscd Intnorceerlous dsu.rbancee take place. Getnt PlIitI0fl of the heart , cr cpieptlc convuldous , Arc experienced , and the eufferer may tall Into a oompeto tste of idJoc ) be. - , tOry , thwily , death raiie'et him. . " Tua1ithosoengaed in thls.dangecoue , prectke,1 nildany , tirst of all , etop It at oncernakeeery ; j.e4b1o effort to do so ; but if you fall , if your ncrvou , ayxt.rn La already tot , much , thattced , and conso. quenty , : otir wW.poucr broken. teJ'e some nerve 14okt4 e.ld you in youreffort. Itnvingfrcod youxe1t fromthe habit , I would further counsel you to go througha regular cour of treatracet , for it It a great /1 ittistahe to aupos.o that any one nay , for some time1 / be t every so litt3e , give Imeu upto this tasdnattnc ( but dangerous cxthement .ithcut eulUring from itt * \ ciiI coneeqtencos a some future titne The Unmoor I ' . ot young men bo are inrapacatcd to 1W the duties . - ' onuinedbyedkckLta1anting1yItx.eaad in moat . : OX gucjt canoe tWauofxtwtxte conditIn of thtnge can . betzacedtothepraceoft < l1.etnewbithha4boen ' ' - oLr.doncd yenra ago. IndOOd , a few months' practice , tf , thlahabltiaeujllcimittolndueo epennatorhtra n : etryraracndi havu many cf euth coaunder tztat & .1r.enta. tLepeLente.ay . _ . : : Young Mcii \ . Wlo mxy be IuJYetr.g from the cetta of youthful \ . ! ( lItOr ! indi&rttions wIll do wtll howa thesnseI as . \ , td thIa , the greatt b.c'on ever lald at the allnr of eul. . X.ringiunmnity. Tht. WAGNIt wiliguarantce rotor. fQO for tvcrg rtJe of eomnr1 woaltnt-sa or prIvate dLeaec of any hind ad tharalwhich he under. tahit tor.xdfalato cure. . ¼ \ , _ _ : : * Middle Aged Men. . . ; There arc rn.uiy it the age et O to CO ho axe * raubled with too frequent cwiaUor of the bled. dcrotcnoooompanitdbyaa11ght smarting or burn. Ing senration , and a tsex.kening of the cystem In a ic.nncrtho p.stieutcannctncconntfor. On cxmnln. lr.g the urnary : deoska a copy eediznentwill often be found , and sorr.Umot amal partJties of nibuni n wiU _ C' ! the color U ho of thin ILIIkWI hue , again cJnnging ho a deek andtorpid nppearancc. There are tt.aiiy meny man whodieottisdIiBcuity , Ignorant of which It the eeCADd stage of serninai.tcak. rit . lix. W. iU guarantee a lwro cure in eli eassce and a healthy restoration of the gtnito.urinazy or. gene. Consation free. Thorough examination and ad. , . i-icc , 5. . All remmtnleatiooe should be e4dretsod , Dr. henry Henry Wsuor , P. Ct. 3S9 Dcaver , Colorado. Tha , Young Man' Pocket Companion , by D' JI We ner , in worth ha weight In gold toy.Lg coeD. Prkx I.25. hoatbymad toan ) s4tdzesr. Let Your Light Shine. Tr. Wr.ner. the ca1cbrstt4 cpec'in1s1 , of Denver. Coo. . h4i Lerttner etreet , bohleree in letting theorld ) 'now'ihr.thocando , andl.tdclng for thottsni1a of hi. followrrAn. ) lit treatment for lost menhoo4 Is me to tln him li anmo that pceter.ty will bloat. Ten . LOWS.fld teetimonitix from si c.ver the United tatee -rem thoehu Lascured , it proof positite that hedoos . 1 ure thoa.CextCabst at th.e.e c3s.eaacsc. The nftlietod ' tie cc throuk ned bekuOl dlecc.ecs ct every kind will . .nd 1dm thet bet friend. J'.ead his e4vcrtlsszntrrtln 7c. . , ell our ctty papers. ed cr31 on fr ndyfce. as e : Lzcw will corroborate ui In soyui ho is the sat . , ? t.rtra trju frrA.-P.ocky tounr.dn icn& $ $ . . - - , - . * . Reli c to the Afflicted. . - to tdkna , et In cienee , bee apc.cnIieta are the . . - c.nu * .hoa2eaysratneatothe front and aeoocnllieh 1 gnat rth'JIta. Thin remark I eepiaiJy appilcable to toDr. II. Wagnttct thinclty. flostandsatthetop of ltepofeteJn , and the curea be perorns for the unicitOicate wo4it , , OtIn wondeeftu if not roper1y iieed In theUbtoWJeoUfiO wuuirement& Ho Is cndreed tvthe most eminent c thu inodical ( acuity , Itit dike al 343 I.4r5J51Lr street , short ho will eptedi. % ly I fli.t rice fo thy euerini of either eex. no rnet ts I Low comptkwied th c4rLpLalet.-I'OmerO7 . . . C.hronic Complaints Require . Time for a Cure. ] ' (1'CaIc t.t a 5114to53C0 who wish tobe trtr.teci 4r Di , 'W4ner ijted not tte bs.ckaezd kraue of InarilIt .t4) VStit ) iIt. ii they ' .il4 ' 4 to the doctor he wi .tndaildol questions v nsbh-s him to eend raI(5I w.nwl and to thousoncit ho baa never aocn. lit ha p In every city. town and s'leicu lit Colorado a'e4jes allvcr the United ht..len , hoe Lie t kla , r4trtisuaent.-Den' st-rThbune. ; Shall We Reform ? - . - p1ecconmihktfcraddleee& ein the theory : - - ) j.ietcs at fCI-nC c edura and experience ' .1- , j'heIciane.and in all large communlttee they has. q tLiir specialties , to exci in wpci. ± usey turret uwi , F : - ' itudleenod inictke. Dr. Wagner It a sioocacful ii. - strJUOfl t thIs rno&rn echool of epedaltiee. and his l _ ; ; ? 4t- - srpttocdwte-d sacoost In the trratsntrct of yns ate 4 _ ( w..be5 L as Wenderfui as It is lletteung.-cf , J. - - .unm& -t-- ' 'those persons ' . io need * ntdlre.1 relief for the moat IiU1G5t8 of d1era..e wiuitind 0.0 accomplIshed cud w.co. iiatul ph)51C1an In the of Dr. Wagner , No : : Lartmtr ejeet , a-tin is LIthTy recommended bythe - tr.cdaJ rrofs1oU at borne and sboercL-Pcineroyi Democrat. iiige4ryand fgnoranoemust gbe way to s.iedcnn and the sd it ) btIite In kttlng hi. hgbt lne for the glory c4 his fellow coeD , Printer' . Ink is the tnrh be can beet u.so o guide the ts.ary cud akk ( sue to the fountein e4 health if this article . ant.ld be Icatcumental a. e "TflhC1fUOUV' ett up. t'fl C ldU to giride WJ.terth bnusecihy to 8L8 Ltr.nr , , , , 'etiunttrCvOrndOtt edil anaatr the pnre Itr wt.kL in wO8 WTr144-fl. Addrt mt. iiziiitT W.LONER. F. 0. t.i & . -C rail M bell Ls.zin.er fttrvtt , Denier , Co.c. ar.a&thecran : L4.dA4 "The hees1tj Sc , the ttpk.:1 : \ . COUNCILDLUFFS ; : : ' ' _ ' : : ADDITIONAL LOCAL NEWS. - AFTER A CHILD. T1i PeSSCiOll 01 ftc Liffic One t. t1c 1y a Writ of Hacs Corpus. The Sad Breaking Up of a ranilly. There was a pottioii for a writ tf habeas corpur filed in the Superior Court. yestortlay ihkh brought. to public notice the ad bre.kint up of a family flamed Grlinmcman. ) The litisband anti father aIlt Grimmolinan left hero some time ago and is aaid fo ho no in St. Louis , while the wife and mother entered upon a life of shame , and is said to be now an in. mate of one of Cnuncil lllufTh dives. As thoofFspring of their wedded life there reinaitis a little boy , aged nrw about. a year and a Imif , and who is a brght and rather handsome little fellow , btit IIR apparently been sadly neglected. DocrteiL by his parents ho was taken charge of by Mrs. Griinmelman's mother , who hi turn handed the child over to a htely named Mrs. Pack to care for , IL is saud tlmt. when Elm latter first received the child it was in a deplorable condition , and the grandmother did not or could not furnish the necessary mcan8 for its clothing and care. Now the grandmother on the ether side of the house , Mrs. E. T. Davenport , proposes to take the child and see that it is tenderly cared for and well brought. up , and to make the possersion legal , get a writ. of habeas corpus. .Judte Aylcsworth or- tiered the little one turned ever to her , and it is to be hoped that flOW the child 80 cruelly deserted by its parenta may see brighter and cheerier days. Frenchmen can properly be calind "the knights of the table. " They arc good judges In all its refinemontannddelicaeios. In order to stimulate the appetite and keep the digest. ire organs in good order they gxvo pre.omi. nonce to Angostura Bitterer. When you try thorn be euro it is the genuine article , iianufactur $ by Dr. J. G. Siegert & Sons. Why permit your children to die with dphtheria ? Dr. JeLI'cries' , ( Council Bluffs , Iowa ) , remedy prevents or cures every case. Send for it. PERSONAL. \v. C. Estep , one of Groneweg & Schocnt. gen'ie valient men on the road , is now made happy by the arrival at his home of a itine pound heir. S. Labliart , of the Union Pacfic , has returned - turned from IndIana , accompanioti by his bride , nee Mies Augusta Welter , to whom he waamarried at Tell City , Perry county , md. , on the 29th of October. Many friends here are exproasing the usual greetings , and heart. fly , too. Auditor C. S. Osborne , of Mule countywas 'in the city yesterday , had a guert of the Pa- cific. 1cv. Mr. .Armttror.g , who was ao badly in. jttred by a \VednuLiriy night. wet yostor. day Testing quite easy , and it Is thought that there rico no internal injuries , though the fractures of bones ore quite aeriour. CoorgeW. lTaIeef Quincy , Ill. , was among yestorday' . arrivata.nt Becht.ele'j hotel + P. S. Kret.3inger , of Chicago , arrived at the Ogden yraterday. : E _ S. Girard , of New York , is an Ogden. ite. I .Tolrn L. Laird and H. A. Warner , of Philadelphiawore atthe Ogden yesterday , James M. Felt , of Watertown , N Y. , was among yetcrday'a cornth to th& Ogden. C. C.Ierrw , of Do ? ! ninet , wes in the city ycterday. Jlorsf'ord'a Acid Phosphate. Valuable in Indigestion. Dg. D&XIEL P. NaisoN , Chicago , rays : "Ifind it a pleasant and valuable remedy in znd1gestion , particularly in overworked men. " M.sLVERN MATTERS. Sunday Personal items-A tuta1 Assauit on an Invalid-Other . - Gleanings. Mrs. Thos. Botham i visiting her son Coe , in Council Bluffs.MalvcrnJ-e.tdOr. Deputy U. S. Marsh4-McCrary , of Council Bluffli , was looking after Malvern matter's a few days ago. : M155 Minnie Dept , of Omaha , spent Sunday with Mrs. TI. D. S. Padgett. Mi , , . J. A. Hake , of Avoca , and Mrs. Wm. Moore , of Council BlufFs , visited Mrs Cleaver und fruily at Malvern re. cently. , OIonda last Mr. and Mrs.V. . A. Bunthr celebrated their llftioth wedding anniversary. Among those present were rrs. C. It. Scott , a daughter of the old couple and her three children. In the evening while the family were seated around the fireside the neighbors came in to the number of thirty or more , making a happy surpreso and presenting the worthy couple with numerous gifts. On Thursday last , while B. D. Thomas , of this place , wits sitting quietly in a store , A. Vanderpool came in and , rush. ing up to him , btruck him a stunning blow on the sde of the head , knocking him onto the floor. Vandorpool thou turned and ran out of the store and dir. apjeared. ITo was rhortiy afterward at'- rested by ! tiarBIal ) Talbot and taken be. fore Erquire Barnes for trial. Ire cheerfully - fully plead guilty to the charge of assault and battery , and remarked that the only thing lie had to regret was that he didn't hit Thomas harder. The 'Squire prompt. ly fined him $50 and costs. Not having the wherewith to liquidatotlils sum , lie was sent to the county bd.tde for fifteen days. Vanderpool's assault on Thomas was one of the most unmanly and cow. ardlywo have ever had t chronicle. The latter war just out from a two weeks' spoii of sickness and was hardly able to get around.-Malvern Leader. J. M. Johnson , of Silver Creek township , lost a valuable cow from mad itch , fluy B. II. Poug1ast Cons' CopeictcmCough Deeps for your children ; they are b&nrJte3 p.eaaeP * 0 toe tastes and tsiIi 015CC theIr COldS. P. 5 , and I'rade lteil on terry drop. - GET YOUR WINTER APPLES. L. H. Wu-ay has a car load of barreled apples on the track at the K. 0. depot , and proposes to sell thorn at. once cheap for cash. The consist of Jonmtene , Ben Davis , Wine Taps , Dell Flowers , and Northern Spies. These wishing good ajipies cheap for wint.er will uotgtut a but- ( or chance. Ho will roll for three or four days , Sandayeeepted. fleal Estate TrnsfCrn. The following deeds were filed for ro. cord in the recorder's oulico , November 5 , reported for the Bn by P. J. Mc. Mahon , real estate agent : Julia II. Clark to ( oorgo F. Mnwell et al. , part of out.lot 3 , Jackson's arid. ; $1,350. Edwin F. Watts to Robert C. Carter , lot 11 , block 8 , Street's add , ; 0. It. 1. tc r. railroad company to Peter Hanson , nw , , no , 6 , 76 , 42 ; $372. ira F. Hendricks to Julia A. Spoor , Iota 7 , S anti 9 , block 4 , Street's add , ; $750. Ilobert. Percival to Mary E. Street , out.lot 4 , Jackson's acid , ; $ 2 000. itebecca Washburn to Thomas 1mb. ei'ta , part of block 25 , Neola ; - Frank P. ( loslingtoThomas F. ( run an , o i , nw . , and ssnw , , 11 , 77 , 41 ; $3,60O. Elizo Craviford to Jens Olsen , lot 11 , block 11 , Crawford's add ; $200. JOlifi Bekoryto Sylvia E. Butler , lot 5 , block 10 , Neola ; $200. Total sales $8,135. S 'Tiq beauty truly blent whoso mod nn'I ' white Nature's own sweoth andeummi ng hand , on. Pozzoni'N potvdcrinipart a rIchmnes' 3laldmu'thie chin n'i colt rut IOWA ITEMS , The Sioux City & Pacific is ready to join iii a Union depot at. Sioux City. Agent P. II. howard , of Fontanollo , lost his life while doing service as a switchman one evening last weal : . Iowa leads all the other States as a iio-raisor , having 5,107,445 head ; liii. miois conies next , with 8,970,761. Sac county boasts of the largest herd of Hereford catt-lo in the United States and the biggest farm in the world. Cedar Rapids now ranks as the fifth city in the Statotho cities abovoher being Des Moimios , Dubuque , Davenport and Burlingthn. ; The Citizens' Street railway company Jim been organized iii Burlington , and promises to give the city a good street railway system. The new asylum for the feeble-minded children of the state , at Ch nwood , has been accepted by tile board of trustees. The building coat $20,000. The Kookuk Gate City clailn5 to have been presented with a radihh weighing seventeen pounds and measuring two feet seven and one-hall inches , The directory will show an increase in the population of Des Moines for the year past of 5,000. The Des Moines directory manformerlylived in St. Louis. One Iowa woman has stolen a march on her sisters. She married a Burling. ton nowgpaper man , the local editor of Time Gazette , and will henceforth be entitled - titled to Vogt. Seventeen yeara ago ex.Mayor Bush , of Dubuque , purchased 1,850 acres of pine lands iii Clark county , Wis. , from the government at 86 conta per acre. Ho sold the property last week for $68,000. The Atlantic Telegraph says that Exira voted a five per cent. tax in aid of the Kansas City , Atlantic and Northern railroad after a hot. fight , with 88 ma- ority in a total vote bf348. The amount is about $25,000. Iowa Falls has recently given $50,000 to secure two new railroads. Of this $30,000 was voted to the Burlington ; Cedar Rapids and Northern and $20,000 subscribed to a road the Northwestern is building north from Eldora. , The old glue factory in CedarIPid5 , a building 50 by 100 feet , has- ° ° ° ' 1 sold by Mi' . Petroritsky to DayB1akelYwhi0 will convert it into a pat1fli00eaP0C. tingto cut in the n&Iiborhood of 500 hog8daily. F- From a tabld' compiled by the State Superintendent it appears that fifty-seven county superintendents were re-elected at the late election. The same table slows that ten ladies were elected to that office , five of whom are married. The upper Iowa Methodist conference liar within its boundaries 196 preachers , 249 churches , 110 parsonages and 31,000 members. It liar 264 Sunday-schools , with 20,000 attendants. It paid about I20,000 for ministerial support , $25 , 000 for expenses , and 6 ,200 for benevolence - ovolenco last year. Tno briqiIo city government has 8OD" A special force of 50 extra policemen were put eu ditty Hnllowe'cn miight , and in consequence , the disgrace. ful and unlawful deatniction of private property war not allowed oi attempted. Hallowe'onism , as c.'oried out iii ' Des 1oiuies , war little less than riotous hood. lumism. The articles of incorporation of the Siouz City Electric Light and Power company , with a capital of $ I,000 ; the Scott County Savings bank , of Davenport - port , with a capital of $100,000 ; the Tn. State Printing company of Keokuk , with ii capital of $50,000 ; and the Fred Daut Tobaccocompany , of Muscatino , with a capital of $2,000 , have been filed in the office of the Secretary of State. 'rho Atlantic Telegraph says there is a road being built southward from Atlantic to Kansas City , Mo. , and that raid road is also being built northward from that city to a town called Coon Rapids , on the Milwaukee road. The now road is called the Kansas City , Atlantic & Northern , Time cars are to be running from Atlantic to Red Oak , a distance of thirty.fivo miles , by Christmas , Twelve miles are now graded. It. parallels the Rock Island and C. , B , Q , branches. - "Meno anna in corporo sane , " "A count ! mnimid in c sound body" is the trade mark of AIlei' Brain Food , and we cu.sure ourroadoif that , If dItsat.1fied with either wonknese or Brain or bodily powe , this remedy will per. manently strengthen both , $ l.-At diug. glst. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Semctlilng or a Viii't. l'htladelphia Jlcord. It is not fully determined whether Mt- . Frank Jiatton is a mere blister on the nook of the Postofhico Department , era a tumor , The doctors axe considering the matter and woshahl soon know. - - Vain liope. New Orleans J'Icayunc. Speaking of thai weather , a Cincinnati paper sisyr : ' 'Sunshine succeeds slush. " how nice it would be if such wore the case iii Cincinnati papers. Ijorsford's Acid PIsosphiato. ExcelientIteBuits. Dr. J. I. WILtIS , Eliot , Isfe. , says : "Hartford's Acid l'hosphato giver most. ercellont results , " - - The Kansas railroad manages and the board of etato commiesdonert being unable th agree to any achednie of rates , the board has do. cided that the Reloit declelun janst go into efrot the 10th lint. , THE IOWA CAPITOL Froiii a ofLos in Forty Yours to a Imosin atate louse. ThoTwontioth General Ao nb1y and the Chambers to be Ocouped. 1'ormucr State Ilnuacce. Det Moinet S1ecl ) . In the 'rerritonial days of Iota the first laws were enacted in a log hiilding at Burlington. It war dostroyer1y tire , anti few now livng remember its ippear. Mice. When Iowa City became Uo capi. tat a protenUous structure wa under. taken , and it. still stands as ens of the buildings of the State university. Bhck early in the SO's thio capital was located in the western part of insperceusty , and after a legislative investigation hulwiped "Monroe " out ofoven nominal City" a existence - istonco , a commniasion selected 'Port. De Moines" as the capital of the how State. There could be a racy story told of this location , anti how the east ido of the river Vrevailod against thio west , with vague indications that friends of Ohio of time commissioners were all atonc "long" of city lots , The building still tired b the state war constructed as tart. of the induoinent to remove the capttal hither , and waa loosely thrown together orpoorbnick , ttvo.storios high. Anothorstory wasaitorward added , and its appearance would justify a Ponmisylvania barn in declining to be its neighboi' , Thu bill for the construction of TUI 1W CAPITOL was passed 'by ' the legislature of 1870. Tim corner-atone vtm laid Nov. 23 , 1871. Next year it was discoTered that. hie stone in tho'fonndation was faulty , and the succeeding logislatureordorod its removal. The foundation yas relaid in 1874 and'the corner-stone with , - , nearly all its formorinscriptionsohiseledofi' , Was reset without ceremony. The walls rose slowly fromthis on , and t was not. till 1880 thiat the buildisg was covered and the domes built , The glazing was completed late in1881 , and , steam heatbeibgintroduced , the interior con- atructionwassot going. The structure measurer , including the porticoes , 365 feet from north to south , and 239 foot from east to west. The buildtng is four stories high , except in the part devoted to the legislative hails and the library , whore it is three stories. The height from base line to top of cornice - nice is 13 feet , andfrom the base line to the top of the center dome it is 275 feet , or within twenty foot of the dome roof at Washington. The main dome liar a 1iameter of 93 feet. The fur domes at the corners are 165 foot 'above ground. The east and west porticoes are each frommtecl by six Corinthian pillars , and there are four hike pillars at the north and south entrances. The building covers an acre and a quarter of land , and 2,759 cubic yards of concrete and rubble were used ix' the foundation. , The walls have nearly half a million feet of sto" ovonl3,000,000bnicks have boO..aId with- in. The consumption . ! has been laid within. The 0.eenptuon ? metal un"1 for heating and tons over 1,200 , waterpipes. ' rxin iti D0'I ' y'1.t outside last year at r ; cost of w'ia 5.k/uing / ovor$4.00,0. . Among the more . . .otabho domes thus finished may be instanced - stanced that of the Hotel Invalides at Paris , and the cathedral of St. Isaac at St. Petersburg. The capitol dome at Boston and that of Hait.ford are also gilded. The architects ' liei'o claim flint but. few of the great domes of the world surpass ours in size Like the building , it is practically fireproof ; the vertical part above the stylobato is of stone and brick , and thio hemisphere is of iron framework composed of vertical eye-beam ribs , tied with horizontal flat iron bands , and filled in with brck.work. ! Thu exterior of the Iiexniphero is covered with copper , and thoiloor of the lontorn balcony is of east bronze , with a i'aiing of bronze and brass. From the lantern windows and balcony one of the noblest 'iewr in interior Iowa is afforded , and visitors who have tire pluck to climb the stairways leading to this vruitago point are nmply repaid for the ofIort. Intio } Snato chamber , which in in the south end , a fot' days moie will allow of the carpets being jiut'clqwn. . Galleries at. thanorth and south wil allow a vast audience to look down upon the temper. arily notable fiftymen wlc ; are to sit be. low.A 'rhe Loutjinant tThvarnor's rooms ar'a at the southwest , and the comptittee rooms at the southeast. The clianiber is surrounded with coiumhs of scagliola work , and the window-s will be curtained. The ceiling is frescoed , and at the cor- flora are figures eniblethatic of agnicul. tune , mechanic industry , commerce and pence , At tile oaa , and west. are large painting ahlego'ical1y opresomiting history and law. Thu gcueral oflbct. of the coiling is contiduied vuy , sntisfactory by visitors. Passing by the cloak'rtom , the visitor enters time rotunda. LokIng up , the beat of the frescoes is soda-a- circle of clouded .Iuno aky paintcu'on ' the ceiling below the lantern t the dome. At the base of the hiemnisphoro wil ? be ) LEVEs 1MIuLEMATIt , STAviJJS. A. Baltimore artist lout ompletcd the figure iflt4lfldOtl to roprosot iowa , 'and for which Mrs. Hull , 'wife of the Scene ; tary of State , war 1revailed upon to ah- low her face to be referred to by time artist. The other flgura will repi'eaont Liberty , Victory , Peace , Law , Justice , Manufactures , Comncrco Architecture , Sculpture , and Painting. The figure of agriculture will carry a face that thops. ands will rocogni'am whoa they come , to reoit. I At tire east. is a grand stairway. Over. head ar frescoes reprocenting . &tncricn , Europe , Asia and Africa , done in very strong colons. Below are panels to be filled hereafter , and it is possible that Cathin's o1uettrian portrait. of the ao chief , Keokuk , may be taken as one of time subjects. Certainly it. rou1d be ap. propniate to thus preserve the memory of a savage who never broke friendship with his white neighbors. Turning northward , one enters time Representatives' hall , The appearance of the room is like the Senate cluunbor. At. the four corner'r arofigures respectively - ly representing Knowledge , Vigilance , Union , and Constancy. At the east is the portrait of Gen , S. it. Curtis , while at the west. is seehl that of ( ion , M. lit , Crocker. In the southern angles arc portraits of Chief Justice Charles Mason and Caleb Baldwin ; while in the north are the features of lion. James 0 , Carleton - ton and Hon. Itush Clark , both having served as Speaker of the house In early years. The head above mentioned have the effect. ( f medallions , and the remain tag ample space e 111-led with flower. baskets tied with a drapry of bright ribbons. Within the portraits is eeavy molding of plaster , and withing this are portraits of Washington , Lincoln1 Lucas , tend Gov , Grimes. These portraits have the oll'oct of n1torilovo. While the per- traits are regarded as f&ithfnl to the orginlo , tire general effect. is not to- garded as so pleasing its that of the Sen. ate chamber. The next session oftho Legklature cilI be held in the iiow chambers , the carpen. tore having just about. finished. At the west. from the rotunda is the vast chain. her to be occupied by Tin' STATP. 1.fllnAflY , and Mrs. MaxwoU , the librarian for ae' eral years past , is much gratified that. the removal ta'kesplacodtiniiig her custodian. ship. The room is nearly renol ) ' for use , cud the books will be removed hero next. month , Space will not vornhit any description of this part. of the building , except to say that the marbles of u'hich the vast stretches of wainscots in those three chambers are fashioned omno from every country in the worki except from Africa , and that the furnaces by which the build lug is to ho heated are ma building across tire street. from Capitol square. Thu co. . duit through which the Imeatiug aiitl von- ( hating pass is high enough for a tall man to walk in. The basoniont and first story are be divided - vided into suitor of remus fot' the various states officorsandotlicinl botttoa. The gov- ornor's recurs in the first story will be reached from the west , and will be ready soon. FAt ( lie loft , froint1io same Ilight of steps , one caters the reomue of the secretary - tary of states , also to be ready by New Year's. On this floor will ho the auditor and treasurer of state , the superintendent of instruction , the adjutant general , nuici very ample provision for the supreme court , as well as rooms for the Agnicultu. ml and Horticultural society. The basement - mont will be utilized by other otlicials , The expenditure , in round numbers , so far has been $2,000,000 , which includes the removal of the first foundation , the salaries of the membersof the board and so on , the further cost viIl net exceed $500,000 , which does miot include any estimate for work on the grounds. But it is probable that when the grounds cr0 graded , planted to trees and shrubbery , and sui'roundod with sidewalk md fence , thio estimate will be somewhat orcoeded. And when paintings are ( lone in the panclsarotzndthograndatsfrway , andsome statuary plpced in the grounds , the cost will approach$3,000,000 , aboutone.feurthi of what the unfinished capitol at Albany has absorbed , GOLD AND BLOOD. Time Rumored Approaclilmig Marriugo Between George Gould and Miss Carrie Astor. ceavchatid : Leader. A member of one of th 1ronunent. New York clubs , who ha" , ueon in the city for a few dayi j'c said yesterday who happened to to a Loader rcp ? ' ° meet him at h.omiuard house : "Ieee the young George Gould is re- nortv' angagod to Cnrnio Astor. If iji-is stlO , it ahowa thatCeorgois about 48 good a man an his father , for the As. tore and the CoitUs have boon as far no- moved from each other as the two poles , and it. is more of a feat for the , yclmg man to get Miss Astor an a wife than for the elder Gould to become possessor of his millions. Unle'e one has lived in New York , it would be difficult to be. hove that the lines of society were as finely drawn as they really are. What. tc an outsider seems trivial , and unworthy of a senious'thought , to e-Nctt-'Yorkor ho. comes a matter of immense importance , and the soda ! struggle now going on be. tweer the old Knickerbocker families and the new rich , who are headed by the Vanderbilta , is as intense as was that waged between the representatives of the regime' in France during the second empire - piro and the shoddy aristocracy created by Napoleon 111. Its true the Asters havenot long been numbered uunong the old aristocracy , but the very shortness ci their reign maker them very tenacious of their pnivelegea. John Jacob made the first money , and his son William B. in creased it largely , while the present rep. rerentatives of the faniiiy' , John Jacob and William , not only have tito wisdom to care for the family millions as well as their predecessors , but they have also given prestige to the name rectally by marrying into the old Knickerbocker families. Mrs William Astom' has the blood of thme'Van ltenssolaorr , Sehuylors , and Livingotones comnbinod in lien veins , and so , from a New York standpoint , hen children are as good as anyone. The heir apparent of John Jacob Astor is at the present time the United States minister to Italy , and it is his cousin , a daughter of William Astor , who is going to adorn 'the Gould millions. It vihI thin the old Duteli blood to mit it for two successive generations with money , but they cvi- clently think it can stand it , or else you may ho surt they would . not venture it a second time Carrie Astr is by no wise a beautiful woman , but she is level headed - ed , anti i * h'at is knowirac 'good form. ' Shoia quiet. in , hier dyers , ) uid in her pub. lie appearance there is nothing about her to indicate her wealth. She is alwtys iieen at the parades ( If the Coaching club , and a stranger aught recognize her If he woultk' for tIle jiiathostroarcd wo man presont. She has always boon itur- foiLed 'with attontiami , mmd , alt I raid , ah lutut born itadmirably , She robins as fresh and ' ingenious as a girl fromn a country village. if George ( Iouid is really to marTy her , his fqrtune Is made , for lie has beii a fairly prudent follow , and. will bo'obligod oithe to drag itftor hm.or cut ony undesirable persOna , as viewed f'om an Astor standpoint. Ills former associates have bOon largely of the horrey and theatrical order-people whom ho can know ox' not know , just as the freak tahoe him. lie has fought shy of the middle 'alcas , who are so near the boun. tiary ibid of 'good' society that they comm all but walk in and possess the land , To Jay Gould this marriage will ho oven more pleasing than to lila son , for it vir. tually decides the long fight that he has had with Vanderbilt in Ida favor. West. urn people svhen thoy. hear a-Now Yorker speak of the Vamidorbilts as shoddy , ' 0 pshawl that's sour grapes ; ' but. I tell you , they arc rhioddy , and , worse thaii nil , they are stupid.Thy , William H. Vanderbilt would give half of his fortune to have a son as coolheaded - ed and clean cut. as George Gould , "The brains of the Goulds amid the po. sition of the Astern will as effectually keep \rndet'hjIts from tire social an. premnsOy they desire as would prison walls -were they placed behind them. Ar long as the Venderbilts supply fashionable New York with a species of social circus , P0fll0 will go to their houses.Then theft' imported nobility go hioniu and they are left. to their own resources , they will practically drop out and be forgotten , Lhie first reception given by lilr , Vander- bUt in lila now house cao one of the most diegvttceft4 things I t.vor saw. lie was jiiatIt.d frst to one side and then to tht - - - - - - - ! UNU.1 CHEAPEST PLACE IN OMAHA TO BUY Furniture ISAT DEWEY & STONE'S They always I' have the largest and best stock. NO STAIRS TO CLThB ELEGANT PASSENGER ELEVATOR TO THE DIFFERENT FLOORS. other. People caine and rent without. any reference to him. To be sure they had lila cards of invitation.to bo priscnt , but that was all. They talke l about his house as they would of nxnuscunu , anti Inquired of each other and compared flc'tes as if they wore at the opening of Semite public exhibition of paintings. The rich mini stood in the midst of all the can. fusion , staring in a haif.dazod manner , as if he ilid not know rIiati , to make of his surroundings or of his comnpany. To do him justice , I may as wolf own that lila position , while ludicrous to a spocta- tar , war at. the annie time more rospocta- ide by far than that of many of his so. called guestswho had apparently lcftthoir good nianners anti solf.respect at home. But I have left my onig'uial aubect , and : i will end as I began , by saying that George Goald is a lucky fellow. " roumrnn ; A iiox. Mr. John I.lneniei , , ofAugtitta , Me. , serltct , May 10. tag : , pitoUos a : "I baa's bron afflictid for some leers with a severe kidney trouble , anti havmgnotcc'd ! Sri arth'IeIn one of our iwrre ci the wonderful cures hiuut' IteIncelyhatI 4rfomed Innntiycancsof drop. h.v bladder and Udncytrohhks , acs4 Coding hattie in a boi of str racUng , I concluI&l I wOuld try it- a4tconincouced the3.e it , whthto surprise. I launch that thu drt bOttIc"beneflted mao au much that I do. rided that I seould contiuo , , ht nec , anil I kept on 'tnltng ktintll I had U.d In ail six bottics , and my appetite isgoodallpaineiti the back and .1J0 disep. peered , and forono of my years ( I am now $0 yrars old ) I sin die to attend to cay badness , and am strong and ! sreous , as ie.enyof toy frfen1a anti neighbors can tv.ly that koow inn dL I beg tn atato also , that In'h.3y , ( it 0CC neIghbors lave used Hunt' , fieHscdy teIthdlutily as goo. results , and one ul ty friend. , 'ttio his jU4prchano.l aLottio of Oup. Py , Kinsman & Ald n'of L'Ortland , tays bo'e ould not be without it. at any pric.- TEE EAREIt'S WA'f' . .fr , Alfred yadra.n , No. O LInColn street toisiston , Me. , writes es,5sy t4 , 1&3 : " 1 has-c bern snvcrely aShicted ( or a long time ith Indigestion and iis'er , ccmhant : , and ot tlme , all th.tt I etc so dIetresseh methat ! could not boar the slghtof food. I had tied a good many different remedies for my corn. platot , and they ctll failed , until coo day Mr. flartel , one of our druggists in Lewiston , recommcnded ihurit's Ihemedy , as he knew of so many tsbo had tired it hero wIth great cuecus for h.idney , liver , and or- mary troubles , as well an 1ndigetton , and upon his recommendation finally concluded to try a bottle , andoomrnenct'd tJd.Ing , with very little faith in It. Thu tlrtt botti helped rue ro much that I purthased two more , anti It bastions ins a wonticeful amount of good , anti cured me of indigestion. I cars cat all hInds of food now , endcen truly recommend ilunt's ' ltemedyasawrsciurotorIndigcrtJon1iver sod kid. " ' ' noytilwt" PF.ACTICAL ( LXPEEILNCE. Mr. Geo. I ) . l3aUsof 2s'v , i Cottage Street , Lewis. ton , Mo. , a reliable and romit1nt citizen , Imparts the foilowing information , May 14 , 1593- : "miaing loicred ci the tiuabla qualitieof hunt's Remedy Iti'e practical manner , I beg to statq that.I consitlerltaremnly ofgreot ttert ! , and can roost cheertuily recommend it to say one troubled with ) .i4nc'y or liver disease. " (4 rcff ' : ' : : ? s4Fa5f : : ' --t 'Ar , , - , , v ) ) ' 'j7ll I SAU AI-lBflH. _ _ _ A UNIQUE ENTERTAINMENT Dr. i.iti Ah'iirali , a coinerted hlni.flts Sroi' far aosy 1nda , will give one of Iit unique OHcSta ! rnt.cztainigcnte at the flapthtchurh. MONDAY fi''lNiNu , yov , n , AT 71 O'CLOCii lie impersonates tncoeturueosarv , 'rarlety olifciii flurmishi , ( rein RIng to the fuithS of the jangle , in. traducing all theli aosturncr nail bouseeL gooJi , lie shows ho's' they oat and alt'e'r , , and woo sort mar. ry. If. clogs trtdr ! songs and tehlt tbeirwtorles. t'sr0oUe out auti see him. iletter'thafl a , islt to 1.dLa , PiDMLSSIONniCer.ta CflfLDflCi , lSCenCs. _ CRXCI.GO EAL CO , ares oatii , % sJJ' roasmu , .o. , _ .i' Tojs. iji 5 , , . J4stutbd. 'I . iIqnhIs4ta era. , , r4r..lPllit1'.ftfrVMsL 'oth , TOOL $ , ' o ; iser Saul : lilt I muir , esa : , rho t ) lb. &sitiset Jiit 4fTvoli.8IO JerwtP5 tneo ! , .es. , ,4IrCt.dd jot. , . Dkwcr'Atis. , 'cosA , ( ) tjiur Articios AVi-Ool.i 'u'i1Qtlt.na ' aasmu. MANHOOD sToio1 A victim ofearhy Iieprnd.n CSOeIOR ten'Otca 4blm tj , inmMua ocyetC. , Lstg tried Ia.yaln eve 'OOWDr 7. Implemeaan at ee - Add : si. 1.1. RIUNLIS. 3 C4iIUSIIL 2cw crk. 1lzc 'i'owL1 ur 'ji on is ' , _ l'i , Jo lieU flattcn.hL0\u.0 M _ Rr RISDON lleulllisuraiico All 2uPnEsism % - Vtcrthz Awanco Co. , oh i.ndocOtL , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , , , , ! , . Wratebtator , N. Y. capita . . , . , , . , . . , . , vooiaw - 2teMechutie , of N.J. , CapIt5 1t75,000tS , Ctmdh'be lhUdalphi , tteJJtS4. . . . . . 1btmweI1ondO.p1tti.5' ' . OFy'1cE-hlot.en 1 , Oasis ttor.u iisa leg. 7poas io. 7& ' 7&i - -i- - - - - The Use of the term " Shoe S H 0 RI Uno" In connectIon wIthibi t corpoeteriamooIagieats4 convoys en Idea of oct iehab . required by the traveling pub. I hic-a'I3h.rtLInoQuIci'Jimq and the best of eccommoda. 0 tlons-ahl of which tb fern' khedb1' th csteet railway In America. CUIOAQO , MmWAUEE ' 'au 51 C - . And St. Paul. It owns sad operates over 4,500 miles of road a or them flutnois , Wisconein , Mtnnoeota , Iowaand 1)akot.a ; and aM ta inaPt lines , branches end conner- lions rearS all the greet business contres of the Northset and Par Veat , II naturally answer , the ther1ption of Short Line , end flest mute betwctn Chicago , Milwaukee , St. Paul and Minneapolis. ChinrgoMilweukeo , Lii C'roese anti Winone. ChIcago , Mihwaulcee , Aberdeen and inlendala ChIcago , SIilwauiee : , Eats Claire aud Stihiwetem' Chicago , Slii.vnukc'e , Vausau and MenlO. Chicago , Uuin'nukco , flea'er Darn anti Oshhiosh. Chlcego , Milsnukte , Waukesha anti Oconomowoc , ChkrtgoM'rlwntikeo , Madlaou's.nd Prairiodu Chloe. Chicago , Milwaukee , Owatonna and Falrlbauit. Chicago , Iloloit , Janesvi'le end Mineral roint. Chicago , FJgIit , hiockford anti Dubuque. Chicago , Clinton , flock JeIhnti nail Cedar RapWe. Chicago , Council fluffs and Omaha , Chicago , filotix City , Sioux li1s soil Yankton ' Chicago , duhwncIce , Mitchell and Chathberlaln. flock island. Dubuque , SI. Paul ach MinneapolIs. IasenportCalmAr , itt. i'aW antiMlnnoapolts. ' runroa Sleepers and the Fnctt ! DInIngCare lath' world are run on the maIni1nt oftho CHICAGO MILWAUKEE & ST. PAUL RAILWAY lad every attention Is paid to passengers by courSe u5 employee of the conpany. S. ra rnnruu , . v. ix. cAnrmrnn , . ( kn'l Manager. Gcn'l Pets. Agent. J , 'I. . CLARK , ' CEO U. I1EAPFOUD , Ocn'l Sup't. . Ant'S Uon'I Pst. Ag'S. : . :4 , , " 4't : ON'EOF TEE BESTIPRYaIOtABS. I have been using Swift's Specific in my practice for quite along time , and irrgrdltthe beetcoinbinatiors an ft blood iurifler and tonic. It Is entirely s'egctablo being composed of this extract. of roots which grow in this , ectio , , of Georgia. I eta familiar with itabis. tory from the time the formula lest obtained front the Indians. It is a certain end aafa , rumedy for all kindS of blood poton nod skin humor anti In the hundred of case , in which I have useitund seen It useti , there haS never beeu a failure to cure , I base curedbiood taint In 715 IlciRo OItNEIIATiON with it , after I bad most sIgnally felled bjtii most approved methods of troatutont wlthsnercury , nud lodidlile of potassium. These cases hevo been cured ot'erfifteen yeai , anti have newer hadany return of the tilseete In themselves , or In their chlldre , , . 0- FILEDA. TOOMll , Ii. D. , i'crry Ilouttoc Co. , (15 , "Itis the best eiilng remedy in my store anti all cla'ita of ; teopk4buy IL It has become a household remedy isith many ofour bent cttlien , . " 'I i . WAIJEIinA.'FAYLOR , . - - ' fttlaita , ( is. "I cc' ! ilwltt'e Speciflc-oltonh gross in tea dayt at rct.rii , sod to eli classes. Some of Atlanta' bc't pee. pie use It regulary as a tonic and altorative. .JOSIAU BIIADFIELD , AtantaOn. ! Our treatise on blood and SkIn Disease , , mailed free to applicants. . ' ' TIlE SWIFT SPECIFIC CO. , Drawer 3 , Atlanta , Ga , DR. WHITTIER , 617 Sf. Char/cs St. , , Sf , Louis , Mo. A' ItCOULAROflADUAToftwomodlcal'co1Iego. .LI has been cngrsed longer in the treatment of CHRONIC , NERVOUS , SKiN AND BLOOD Diseases than other physidan In St. Lcucsascieypapersabow anti eli old re.idonte know. Consultation free antI Invited. When it is Inc nvonlent to visit the city for reatzaont , metilcinwi cs be sent by maO or express everywhere. CurabIfealiee guaranteed ; where doubS exiitts It it ; anhly staled. Call or write. _ Ner'outProetrtIon , Debility , Mentaland Physlca Wenkicas , Morcurlai entiotberaflectloua of Throat. 1004 nn1uuitloi and Elood Poison tag , Skit' AflecttonaOid Sores and Ulcs mmpedt. mecits to waxrthIe _ Ithttnnstlsm , I'ihoe , ! 2iecisJit ; : tentiontOcases front oVarlvorjteti brain. _ UtOiCM. CA5E$5ioceisoPJsecle aPention. lilseasca arie1ij from lwprutienco1uaoe.scs , lndtdgenc s. , - M4RI4GE0 . c-.7x3. flay not. why , eaubes consequences and cure , Mailed toe SSc ; peerage Or etampe. sept 25-dawlys " tRQrDiN01 , . inON sm SLATE itOOhNU. -J 5 i' PS. 1111 Do.igiet lit. . . Omaisa , Net , . MANUTAcYIUBER OP 6'alvanzea Iron Cornices Dcnner Wimiowe , FinliJa Tin , Iron aed Sleto & .odzlg , epochs's patent ) fctafilo skylight , Patent adjusted Ratchet liar anti flrsckct fihelsing , I &m be general scent for the boyo line of goods. Iron encing , trestings. Balustrades , Verandas , Iron Bank along. , Window Blinds , Cellar Ouardr also general uCQi l'eeiou& JfiU stepS Inside liin& Nebraska * Qornice 5' -AND- Qruaineut ¶ ors ! MAwUFAcTEUEZ1tS Q' GALNIZED } IRON CORNICES" ( rmez mrxs , w'ow CAPS , riu , IRON AND $ LA TE ROF/NO , PATnNT InlrAuQ SKYUOIfl' , . ron Fencjn ! Cctvtnr : , , Ilniustradee , Verandas , OfiIee Bah iWilegsWinduw intl ( iOII&IQU&ZtiJ , 9t ' I , V. Con. ZSNTII 4D JQNS BI WAI. OAISER , listing , , . I - - - - - - - - - -