,7. . ! . Lyoti , F , L. M nn , W. A
tlohmon , P. H. Uoynolds.
Johnson .1. F. Gnnlnur , Klw
Brewer , 1' . 51. Krwin.
Kcnrnoy-O. Siuton , D. IM. Hnll
.Ids. Price , W. H. JKodifunl , M ,
Brnos , Win. O. Dung.Mi , H. P. An
donou , J. Fountain , .1. M Snnford ,
Jnincs Wylio , W. H. Thompson.
Lancmtor T. F. Barnes.
Morrick II. 51. Cot , A. .1. Hur
ford , C. E. Porcniu , Win. ) Itiirko
Jusper M. Pcmhorlon , J. W. Crnven
( ) too-0. H. Stoiulnmn.
PliUto-.John Scuddor.
Pok F. F. Vogcl , Joseph Mnr
< \n\a \ , y. E. Fny.
SUinc-Wm. Orcor , 0. H. Porter ,
W. Phillips , James Smith , I/ , < >
Wostcott , E. K. Cninpboll.
Howard M. W. Wnrnor , II.
Vance , F. 3t. Moore , H. F. Stonnck-
or.
TlinyerFrank KoodoniV. . J ,
Ilanna , Bo-ijamin Young , U. A. Pi\t
rick , W. A Town , J. A. I'pton , M
T. Phelps , J H. . Stecholl , D. W. Bo
snck ,
York -Johnson Barclay , John Wes
tonholm , August Lnoksohowsky , E
Vnndorveiiter , H. 0. Heckt , C. T
Warren , J. U. Onywood , Churl *
Brown.
The following were appoincd n
COMMITTKB 05 RGSOI.KTIU.VS.
J. Burrows , of Gage : Gilbert , o
C'ass ; Vance , of Sownrd. Keller , o
Adams ; Mabel , of Polk ; Wilson , o
Clay , and Strong , of Buffalo.
The following were clumon to saloc
cpmmittecmun for the various conn
ties :
C. 11. Momdeloy , Hastings ; T. T
WilkitiBon , Albion ; Tsano C. lion
thorn , Buffalo ; A. 0. Tendon , Butler
J. D. Merrill , Glonvillo ; T P. Me
Carty , Elm wood ; W. W. Way , Omn
ha ; , James H. Fort , Geneva ; Thonmi
Kirtley , Lootnj Elam Shunart , Beat'
rice ; J. II. Andrews , Aldn ; L. 0
Floyd , Aurora. W. 0. Dingon , Newark
arkII. ; . C. Ostorhaut , C. II. Stead
man , Unadilla ; N. Olson , Cro&ton : F
F. Vogle , Stormsburg ; II. M. Hnll
Wilbur ; A. D. Uitchio , Seward ; \V. .
A. Town , Bolviduro ; J. Buckley
Blue Valley ; D. W. Irwin , Furims
L C. M. Woodward , Fnirlield.
THE TAX ( JUEHTIO.V
waa then discussed by President In
gorsol ns follows-
The evils wo.complain of are politi
cal evils ; and are to bu oorroctod bj
political action. Anionc ; these evil ,
are those growing out of unc < iunl tax
ation. It is soundly assorted , Urn
under the practical working of oui
revenue laws , thix , r.iilroiuls and otho
corporations do not pay their share o
the taxc.s. If this is BO , it munt. bi
owing to the imperfection of the law
the cnreloeo ignornnco nnd inellicicn
execution of tlio same , or both. Tin
law may bo unsound in principal , im
perfect in detail , or both. The rove
nuu laws of this country are biisui
on the principle or theory matter--
of taxing property , and to a large extent
tent certain kinds of credits are clnssei
and taxed as property.
This tho6ry is unsound but oven il
sound.in principle , it is so dillicult ol
application nnd execution ; the methods
ods required nro so cumbersome and
expensive that it is not ntrange thai
results are unsatisfactory.
Taxes would bo more equally and
equitably distributed , and more oasilj
and cheaply collected , if derived from
incomes , licences , stamps , rents and
hotiseholdings , and a' ' few other sour'
cos the fewer the better.
In this view I am not in harmony
with public opinion. A majority ol
the people at this time prefer to raisi
the revenue by taxing property , in
eluding credits.
But anyvlajK > . .whatever its undorly-
o > ,1 theory.inay bo do
fcctivo in detail. i
That there are defects in detail ii
the present revenue law of Nobrask
will not bo denied ; but the evil com
plained of is mostly duo to the im
proper execution of it rather than t
the law itself.
The law requires that property shul
bo aBauBBod ut actual value It i
never do.no. Why is it not ? , Who i
to blumo ? The law is not , for its lav
gnage is as plain and explicit on thi
jiomt as it is possible for language t
be. The railroads are not to blumi
1 anybody besides the assessor t
blame ? Yes. Nearly everybody i
to blame ; the assessor and the ai
sensed. There is a public sontimei
which , if it does not justify and uj
hold this pernicious practice of und <
valuation by assessors , it certain
does nothing to prevent it ; and f.
this sentiment and practice the fan :
ors are more responsible than all ot
or classes combined ; for the roust
that they exceed in number all oth
classca combined.
This particular evil complained
and many othurs is largely due
this pernicious practice of ucdorval
i ation. There can nothing bu said
jnstilication of it , everything can
said in condemnation of it. Nothii
is gained by it. Much in lost by it.
It is the initial eauto of nil t
trouble , and the cauao of many HI :
sequent causes. Possibly a fuw i
plications of IUUIIH anil penalties pi
vided fonvould ollVct a liu.Ut
change.
Some nssivMora scow to connidor
their duty to sit in juil omont on t
law that they nro c.illoil upon to o :
cutoinpart. If any of its provinic
seem to them unjust or unwise , tl :
' disregard them , unmindful of th
oaths.
They will aenuas the land of a IK
resident higher than that of a n
dent , oven if that iKm-resiilcnt bu
poor individual or ornlmu child ,
mortgau'o nolo , no matter if it bo I
little all of BOJIIU bereaved wife
minor child , will bo imu'sscd at f
value 100 cents on the dollar , wli
property is put down nt 50 cents
IUSH. In their eyes thii riuh uru h
fnl plunder. To rob thu rich is to
Clod service ; and all capitalists <
rich. The outcome of this is that i
rich capitalist seeks and obtains to
, Train the courts while the poor c
italist bos to grin and bear it. Su
ly those who have been present ut ,
had anything to do with the proco
inga of our county equalization boa
must bo aware of the increased d
cutties grow ! ' g out ot this system
under valuation. Indeed , niuilixat |
under this system isim | > osaiblo.
But after till the greater error
gonoiully charged to the state beef
of equalization ; and the churgo t
rallrouda p.'iy less than their Klmro
tlio taxes must be provedordispro
' by reference to thu assessment of
roads inado by the state bonrd.
'Mr. A. K. Touzalin , in tin art
jV
'
published by him last February , sta
tivl , tlmt for ( ho year 1880 , the rnndi
under Ins management wore assessed
M high ns oiio-tliird valtip ; tlmt these
ro.uls with one cxcoiition could bo re
produced for less Mian three times said
nwssmont ; tlmt none of the othci
property of the stale was assessed n (
ninro thnn one-fourth vnluo ; thai
mucli of it was at one-fifth and less :
while a vast amount was out of night
and never assessed nt nil , \t
ciinnnt be denied that f
largo amount of proportj
particularly those forma of credit )
thnt nro classed as property , does cs
rnjiu assessment and taxation , bnL UK
evil of this falls in < 5 < | ual proportioi
upon all climes of properly ,
At an interview recently I aske <
t Ilia question : At what rate , or pel
cent , of value , did the board assoB1
the railroads for 1881' The reply , ii
substance , was , wo aimed to assess tin
railroads at forty per cent , of actua
value , while other properly is assess'
cd not more than thirty-three and t
third per emit , and much of it is al
leas than that. Now if the stall
board and Mr. Tou/.alln are correct in
their views and opinions and they
are undoubtedly honest and consoiuii
tious in the matter -then the rail
roads are paying moro than thoii
share of thu taxed. The following an
some of the kinds of property named
by Mr. Touzalin , as assessed in 188 (
nt uno-fiflh or loss yalut ! horses , cat
tie , carriages , time pieces , sowing ma
chines , pianos , melodeons nnd furms
The average assessment value o
horses throughout the state for 1880 ,
as shown by the auditor'H books , ( and
nuotod by Mr. Touaillno ) , is $28 12
The real value , in the opinion of Mr
Touzalin , is not loss than , Iivo timoi
thai , or 8MO.GO. in the opinion o
the state board it istioUean than three
times that , or $84,31) ) .
In my opinion the real vnluo of al
the horaca of the state will not average
ago much , if any more , than twici
tin's ossossod value , or § . " ( ! , 2-1 per head
I would like your opinion. Rmnem
bor thnt the list of hordes includes thi
old and the young ; the sound and tin
unsound ; the lame , the halt and the
blind ; the little ponies and the ill
conditioned of every sort. Now ,
think of all this for a moment , and
then toll mo your candid op nion ,
You who think that the actual rail
of the horses of the state will average
moro than § 51.2-1 per head or twict
the assesnessment , will please say aye.
Contrary no. The nous hnvo it. ]
hnvo made many inquiries in regard
to the nvorago vnluo of the horsoa ol
thin nlnto of men in position to Corn
and hold intelligent opinions , inchid
ing dealers who have largo trnmac
tiona in horses all over the state , and
I have yet to Itnd one that puts thai
value at over § 00.
Tlio entile are n8ion cd at 88 81
5 timed that ii 44Ii
atim-Htlmt IH. , 1 ! ( ! Il
2timunth t i 17 I'.i
Tlio fat or fattening cattle are no
inclndod in thin list ; they nro listot
separately as neat cattlo. This clasi
includes only thu females of all ages :
the old caws and the young heifers
and the males of two years old am
under the throe year olds are amoni
the neat cattle. I would like so sol
short in this class nnd also in horses ,
If I oould soil at five times the as
sosaod value , there would bo million !
in the transaction. If at throe
times it would bo a good speculation.
I would not like to buy ut twice the
assessment , $17,00. There are a goot
many Toxana in the western part o
the state that would cut down the av
erage very materially.
1 ho carriage ) are usaosHed at $17 0
5 times th.it U assessed at 851
3 " " " HI 0
2 . ' " " " , . . 34 0
"jCnd " that is 'just about' their 'tru
average value.
Remember that these carriages ne
scssednt $17.02 are not the carriage
to bo found at the nitons and in tin
huilda of donlcra. All ttioao carriage
are classed and listed as merchandise
These nro the carriages in use amen ;
the pooplo. They are of all sorts
ages , and conditions. And this is th
ease with the sowing'nmchinea , pianoc
melodeons and time-pieces. None c
them are now. They nro all old , sum
of them older , having boon in us
from one to twenty or moro yoari
[ Applause. ]
Sowing machines are assessed ut a
average of $8,74 ; iivo times this
SlIt.TO , three times this is § 20.21
twieo this 817.-18. Tlio average vail
of the sewing machines in use througl
out the state cannot bo greater thii
that of the common Singer family nn
chine. There are , of course , man
in use that are of greater expense an
value , and there are many more ,
greater number , tlmt are of loss Vivlu
some of them of no yalui
o relics of other days , out of repair an
, . out of print , HO to spoak. I liiivu am
n a Singer machine. It wan laid don
)0 at my door by regular agent for $ i
CUHII. I know that in' inanfacturer
and dealer * ' price lists theao machim
are lislod at ? IO and $15 , but tin.
0,1111)0 ) bought in any quantity ai
fioin dealeiH at § 25 c.iali. But n
nrichino uftor two years' IHO , thou
in good older , cannot now be sold f <
? 20. It does not huvo th.it value.
Pianos are iiRseSBud nt § 59.011 ; HI
10 timed that is $ ' . " . ) ! ) (15 ( ; tlnoe times th
is § 17 ! > .70 ; twice that is SHU 80.
us know of no kind of property that d
uy clines in value so seriously and rapi
( ir ly , after entering into uae among t
people , : IH farm implements , inclu
irg carriages , musical instruinon
time pieces , jewelry and other minil
ai tides of taste and eloganee. Wi
A farm implements thitt decline ia lurj
lie ly duo to wear and tear ; but with t
or othoiH this cause is hardly apnrecinb
ill It is not due to diminished coat
ilo production ; to-any loss of utilil
orw bounty , or power to please. Botwo
w- the manufauturur unit the consuui
wdo there is n series of profits und i
TO pcnsos , freight included , that seems
ho disappear from the value the iusta
ief the article enters 'the .consume
hands. Whatever the cause , this fi
re- ispatiMit ; tlmt all these articles ,
reor sucond hand , have no easily ascorta
idds ed vnlue , It is mi unknown quantity
ds bu mathematically represented by t
111of the letter X. They certainly have
of quotable market value , They ha
on not the power of producing otl
values , or revenue * . The only i
is maining test of vnluo is ut the uucti
ird block , and without thu application
intof this test the assessor is working vi
of much at random and in the dark ,
ud A neighbor of mine Una rcconi
ihu puichimed fiom find hundb for 8 !
cash , a piano that ligures in thu pi
; clu lists ntg5.00 [ , It U of standard ma
" upright , rosewood finish , carved logs ,
sovoii and one-half octavo and of good ,
pure , sweet tone , 1 consider its value
to bu three times the average value to
the pianos of the state , nome of which
I know nro worth less than § 50. Th < \ \
would not sell for that , If 1 nm cot'
rect here , the pianos of the stale an *
assessed nt moro than one-half their
valuo.
Melodeons nro assessed nl .V'27.70 ' ;
Iivo tunes that is 1118.50 ; three timoh
that is $8 ! ) 10 ; U'ico that is $55.40.
The average value 'of the melodeons
in my precinct will not exceed S(50 ( ,
or atrillo more than twice their as-
flossed valuo.
Time pieces are assessed at § 0.71 ;
live times thnt is 818.55 ; three times
tlmt is § 11 : i : $ ; twice tlmt is 87.42. I
Bin confident that I can buy all the
time-pieces in the state , in use among
the people , or goods of equal value
forSll.li'l each , or tlirco times the
assessment. And I nm equally confi
dent that I could not sell thorn again
for 87.42 or twice the assessment.
Hero is olio , a now one just from
thu shop , n good one , warranted by
responsible parties to keep correct
time ; a stem winder , good goods ,
price $ . ' ! 50 , laid down , charges paid ,
1 bnvo niiother wntcb , n good Wai-
tlintn silver watch , 'JO years in use ;
paid 825 for it from dealer ; could not
aell It now for 812 cash ;
will gladly sell it for 88.
This S3 50 watch is good enough
for mo , I have a good Seth Thomas ,
'IO-hour , brass clock , with alarm ,
bought twenty-five years ngo at von-
duo , for 82.50 , would not soil for more
thnn that now ; saw ono soil recently
for 30 cents nt auction ; dealers price
about 80.
The country is full of time pieces ,
the retail price of which ranges from
$2 to $0little wall-flowers and man
tel deck ornaments and that cannot
bo sold at half price after being in
use n short timo.
Whuro you will find in use a time
piece of the value of 8100 , you will
find a hundred of these cheaper goods.
Strike an average and you will find it
lowFarms
Farms are assessed at 84.05 per
acre ; five times that is $23.25 ; three
times that is $1 ! ) 05 ; twice that is
811.30. Thnt portion of the vnluo of
the fnrm that arises from its grovofl ,
orchards and Iivo fonceH , is exempt
from assessment nnd taxation. For
my farm of IliO acres I paid 83,000.
The former ownt r valued its groves ,
orchard nnd live fences nt $1,000. and
BO did I. This would
leave § 2,000 subject to taxation.
It WHS assessed last year nt 81,050 era
a little more than one-halt that
amount. T would like to soil it to
Mr. Tourznlin or any one else for Iivo
timca thai assessment or 85,250. 1
will throw in the grove , orchard and
live fence , worth 81,000 , , or 81,200.
Snroly the farms of the stnto nnd
these other kinds of property are not
assessed ns low as one-fifth or ono-
third valuo. I think they are assess
ed at nearly if not ( juito one-half their
value.
But are the railroads assessed as
high ns thirty-three nnd one-third or
forty per cent , of nctnal valuol The
Burlington & Missouri railroad was
assessed for 1880 at $3,030 per milo :
for 1881 , nt $10.049 per milo
a difference of $2,019
over thirty-two per oont. Plainly ,
public opinion as voiced
by the press of the stnto last winter
nnd spring had some effect. The for
mer amount , $8,030 , is 31J ! per cent ,
of $24,090 , n sum thnt Mr. Touzalin
says is moro than sufficient to repro
duce the property , The latter , 810-
049 , is 40 uor cent , of 820,023 , a s8m
thnt in the opinion of the state board
equals the actual value of the prop
erty. , ,
The property thus assessed by the
board is not nil of the property of the
company ; but it is nil that belongs to
the railroad proper , all that is used iir
the transportation business , and all
that is entitled to the profits or earn
ings of that business. It consists of
the right of way , the road bed , the
superstructure , the main truck , the
side trucks with their frogs nnd
switches , the tolcgrnph , the rollintr
stock , the depots nnd depot grounds ,
nnd other personal property , nnd
does not include the lands , the
machine nnd repair shops with their
machinery or any other proporty. In
1880 , the machine and repair shops
were included. If thiB2 ( > ,043 is the
actual value per milo of the B. & M.
railroad ; if that is its market price ,
and market price ia ono teat of value
I believe , if it can bo bought for that
figure , I think I know these who
would like to buy it ; who would be
glad to take it at twice that price nny
day , provided they can bo allowed in
maintain the present rates of freight
und pasaago. I know that it can bo reproduced -
produced for lesa than that amount ,
but cost is not a test uf value , or oven
of ittt elements. Cost of production ,
either actual or estimated , does noi
determine the value of nny thin. ,
deed value often determines cost ol
production.
Hero is whore tlio .state board hav <
made their mistake. Tliuy have as
seasud this property at n figure tha
undoubtedly represents more that ! (
per cent of what it would cust lo re
produce it now , thinking no doubi
it that the sauiu figure fairly represent :
40 per cent of tlio value.
The term value ia comparative on
ly. It ia often used to express coat
utility or other quality ; but in tin
language of trade and finance , or po
litical economy , it is enl ;
when things or cnmmodi
ties are brought into comparisoi
with each other , that the word valui
has any meaning ,
There is no such thing as value i ;
the absolute.
Tilings in thomsolvea considered
without reference to other thing's hav
no valuo. It is not n qunlity or pro ]
x orty pertaining to , or inherent i :
tent things. Value is exchangeability
nt When n bushel of wheat will exchang
' for nny other thing , it has the vnlu
ct of that thing ; and that thing bus th
nt the value of a bushel of wheat.Vher
nto exchanges uro numerous , as in civilized
to izod counties , HOIIIO common nn
lie accepted standard or measure of val
110 no is necessary for convenience , 1
, 'U this country the legal standard o
ere measure of vnluo is the dollar ; nm
emi the only w rda that express value at
mi the two words dollars and conta. Thi
of K'gal dollar is n round piece of oithc
ry olilor silver of n certain nmt proiia
weight nnd purity , nud having upo
it tlio stamp of the government , cei
JO tifying that it is of the require
CO weight nnd purity. Thin dollar lu
ft' , | value , and BO can measure and oxprct
valuo. Tta vnluo will fluctuate like
the value of other commodities
though in lusser degree nnd uui onl.v
bo determined in the markets of thu
world. Thu government cannot
determine the value of this
dollar or of anything olso.
This has been tried repeatedly pud has
nlways failed.
This coining nnd stumping by the
government simply savuus the trouble
of carrying about a set of scales and
weights with crucible and bottle of
acid.
acid.I
I have spoken of nlarket price as
being a test of valuo. When market
prices nrc ascortainaUlo ; when thu
itmrkbtn nro in n healthy condition
not feverish or panicky from un
healthy speculation , or from the wars
of _ the bulls and bears the market
price is the value. And what was the
market price of the B. & M. railroad
at the tuna of the assessment ?
Mr. Tou/.alin told us last February
that n $100 certificate of atock in the
B. it M. corporation wns then worth
on the market more than $170. I be
lieve the markets have not declined
since February last.
It does not follow necessarily that
because the stock of a corporation is
worth a premium of 70 percent , or 70
per cent , moro than first cost , that
therefore , every kind and article of
its property is worth 70 per cent ,
moro thnn its actual coat. Some of
it tuny bo , will bo , worth less than its
cost ; but in that case the other portions
tions must be worth moro than 70 per
cent , above that cost. In the case of
the B. & M , company , it appears that
the value of some of its property is
so great that the value of the
whole property is 70 per cent ,
moro than stock value , supposed
to bo first cost ; and further
that thi.s part of its property ; this
road , that is assessed by the state
board , is one of the most valuable ,
probably the most valuable part of its
property. And this too in face of the
fact thnt this rend can now bo repro
duced for less than first cost.
This deputed decline hi cost of con
struction ia worth some attention
hero. What has caused this decline !
Did the construction company got
larger pay thnn it ought to have hud ?
Was thu money of the stockholders
wnatofully or fraudulently equandered ?
Possibly. But is it not also owing
partly to a change in the value of a
dollar ?
The dollar of to-day has greater
value than the dollar used in con
structing this road. And yet , that
dollar used in construction has now
the value of the dollar of to-day , and
70 cents additional. Yes , moro than
thnt ; for it Rooms that it is the vnlue
of these construction dollars that
ninkos nil the dollars in the stock cap
ital worth $1.70 each , including the
watered dollars , if there are any such.
I'r Mr. Touxalin says that the reason -
on why B. it M. stock in worth over
$1.70 on the market , isbecause the
road has demonstrated its ability to
earn 10 percent for its stockholders. "
Observe this language.
It is not the land or the machine
shops or any other property that has
shown this ability to earn this 10 per
cent , or nny part of it , but the road ,
and the road alone-that property
which is assessed by the state board.
And this earning is 10 per cent , of
what ? The cost of construction nnd
equipment ? No. What then ? The
road can earn 10percent , forits stock
holders.
Does that mean that tjie road has
shown its ability to earn 10 per cent ,
on the ontirp stock capital of the cor
poration , water and all ? atock capital
that covers road , lands , machine
ihopj , telegraph , and other property ,
including water ? It would seem so ,
Tho'lhite auditor's books seem to con-
inn this view. They show that for
ho yocr 1880 , this U. & M. railroad
made a not earning of $6.140 per
mile , from its freight and passenger
traflic alone telegraph earnings are
not included. This is an earning of
" 15 per cent , of the stnto board's valu-
.tion , $20,1523 , and it is an earning of
.0 per cent , on $ ( ! l,4b'0 , which is a
.rillo moro than the value per mile ,
it which the road is said to bo stocked.
Dame rumor reports this road aa
jlocked at $00,000 per mile ; and hero
is a net earning of over 10 per cent ,
m that nmount , from freight and pas-
iongera nlono.
How much moro would it bo if
.ho revenue from the lands
junchino shops , tolegrnph and other
property were added ? At $1.70 , the
market price at $00,000 per mile ,
would amount to $102,000 per mile.
To pay a six per cent , dividend on
Una nmount require a not earning of
only $0,120 per milo from all ita prop-
oaty , or $21 ! loss thnn this property
did earn in 1880. In a market where
money is quick and active at JO pot
cent. , the stock of n company whoso
nominal or face value wns $60,000 ,
would sell nt par when the company
could show a not earning of $ ( ! , OOC
per annum and not before , and it
would not sullat 170untilthocompnny
could allow nn annual earning of $10-
200 , which is 10 per cent , on § 10,000.
But in a market where money if
plenty nt Ii per cent , the stock would
soil at $1.70 , whenever thu companj
could show nn annual earning of $ ( ! ,
000 , nnd would then total $102,000 , ,
and when the earning was $102,000 ,
the stock would sell at $2.83'i , and
would total $170,000.
Surely the market value of the 15
M. railroad ia moro than § 2ii2 , ( :
per mile. .
lu the absence of market prices tin
vuluo of some kinds of propoity mai
bo determined by ancertaining its abil
ity to earn or yield revenue. A prop
urty tlmt. can earn $0,140 per aiinun
ia certainly worth moro than $20(12t ( :
or only about four times ita niiiiua
earning. Will your tarms yield yoi
n not earning or rental annually of
their valuo' Can you rent them fo
that )
The net earning of the B. it M. ii
1880 , which wns $0,140 per milo , wn
more than 75 per cent of the assessment
mont for that year , which wn
$8,030 , and nearly < 10 per cent , cj
the assessment for 1881 , wluc.
wns $10(54.l. ( Tn 1880 yoor farm
were assessed ut tin average c
$1 (17 ( per acre , which Mr. T. nnd lit
board think is over one-fifth value
of nil th
Not moro thnn ono-lmlf
ncrfs are under the plow and capabl
of yielding revenue. Did you , or ia :
possible for you to make them yiol
you a not annual earning or luutttl
75 per cent of that ufesessmont , c
? Will they yield i
$3.51 pur aero
per cent , or $2.80 per aero/ / \ \ i
they yield 25 per cent , or $1.10 pi
ncro' I think the plow lands of tin
state , to say nothing ol
thu unplowcd acres bu
longing to the farms , will no !
average n higher not Laming or rent'
nl than 81. IK per ncro exclusive ol
taxes nnd repairs , Surely the rail
roads are not assessed at JO per cent ,
of actual value ; nor are they assess
ed ns high as other property.
If the roads could be induced tc
lower their rates to n point thnt
would earn them 10 per cent on thin
valuation of the state board , there
would probably bo no complaint on
the score ot taxation. [ Applnuac. ]
Don't Throw Up the Spongo.
When fmlfertng huinnnity nro enduring
horrors of dyM > et"Ia , indigestion , or
nor NOUS and cener * ! d Jilllty , they are ton
often Inclined t throw tip thi > sponge nnd
reiijfn thcmselvo to ftc Wo sav , don't
do it. Tdko li ! itnocK HI.OOII lliTTFii , the
unfAillnK remedy. 1'rice , § 1,00 , trial size
10 cents. It ) Iw
FARMERS AND MECHANICS.
If you wish to avoid great dangpr
and trouble , besides a no small bill
of expense , at this season of the year ,
you should take prompt stops to keep
disease from your household. The
B > stotn oliQuld bo cleansed , blood
purified , stomach nnd bowels regula
ted , nnd prevent nnd cure disonaet
nrising Irom spring mnlnrin. Wo know
of nothing thnt will so perfectly nnd
surely do this ns Electric Bitters , and
nt the trilling cost of fifty cent n hot
tie.Exchange. [ .
SoldbvIahifcMcWnhon. 7
f-\ -f * ' / 1
Burdock
BITTERS
yon Buffer ( rom Dj Bjicjisln , use
BUUDOCK
II jou are afflicted with Dlllcmsncis , use
nUKDOCK 1ILOOI ) BITTEIIS ,
If jou are prostrated with slclc Headache , take
I1UHDOCK III.OOD HITTERS
II jour Bowels arc disordered , reirulatu them with
UUIIDOCK Ilt/vOl ) 1IITTCKS.
If j-otir Blood Is inpurn , inirtfj It with
BUKDOCK I1L.OOU B1TTEUS.
If jou hate Indigestion , youl lhndan \ \ antidote
In ISUKDOCK BLOOD niTTl'.US.
Ifouaro troubled with Rprlnjr Complaints , cr-
adlintc them with UUIIUOCK BI.001) HITTERS.
If your IUerl3 torpid , restore tt to healthy action
with BUUDOCK BLOOD BITTEIIS
If j-our Lher Is affected , > ou will find a sure re-
BtoratUo In BUUDOCK BLOOD BITTEIIS.
If j'ouha\oany speilesof Humor or Plmplo , fall
not to take BUUDOCK BLOOD BITTKKS.
If you ha > e any symptoms of Ulcers or Scrofulous
Sores , a curntho remedy will ho found in
BUHDOCK BLOOD BITTERS.
For Imparting strength and vitality to the j a-
torn , nothing can equal
BURDOCK BLOOD BITTERS.
For Nenousand General Debility , tone up the
BJ atom with . BUUDOCK BLOOD BITTERS.
Pries , 91.00 pel .Bottle ; Trial Bottles 10 Cts
INTER , MILBURN , & Co , , Props ,
BUFFALO , N. Y-
Bold at wholesale by Igh & McUahon and C. F.
Ooodman. , _ j 27 eod-me
JOHN Hr.tBi.r.11 , JKHOUK SCIIAMP ,
P esUtcnt. Vice Prcs't.
W. 8. DmiiKiif Sec andTreas.
THE NEBRASKA
lAMACTURM CO
Lincoln , Neb ,
MANUFACTUKKHS OK
Corn Planters , Harrows , Farm Rollers ,
Sulky Hay Rakes , Bucket hlevatlng Wind
mills , &c.
Wo nro prcrarcd to do job work and manufac-
turlrf ; for other partita.
Addrcs all oidcri
NEBRASKA MANUFACTURING CO.
LINCOLN , NKB.
| aiilQ-8iu
To Nervous Sufferers
THE GREAT EUROPEAN REMEDY.
Dr. J. B , Simpson's Specific
It la a positive cure for Hpcnnatoirhca , Somlnn
cokno'.s , Impotancy , and all disrams rueulttr. ;
rom Suit- Abuse , M Mental Anxiety , LOCK ) .
, Palno In the Back ot Side , and dlseaeet
that lead U
( .anxuinptlnr
n&anlty an
_ early era ri
The Speclfi (
Modlclno If
biitin ; u uc
K ith w oudur
fUl UUCCl'bS.
I'auuihleh
icnt free to nil. V.'rlte for them uid icct full par
Oculars.
1'rlco , Spvclflc , 11.00 per package , or alt pack
, gt for 76.00. Address all orders to
B. 8IMSON MEDICINE CO.
No * . 104 and IOC Muln St. B iflaln , N. Y.
old In Omaha by C. H. . Goodman , J.V. . Bell
K lab , and all dru ifliuvcrywlioru.
. t I ( ! *
_ _ _ _ _
The Great Tl. . * English Hcineily
iN'CUT fills tO CHI
N'enons IMiilit.vi .
cal I AliniHtlon , Kmli
4lnn > S StintnalVeaK
ucs-cs.LOBTMAN
HOOD , and all tl. .
jul t Kuts of junth
( ill folhiH and ( \U'4
'c. It xtopi pcrina
luitlj nil weakening
imoluntnrj loin Mam
IralnH upon the BJS
cm , thelnui liable n
' .tult of tliffM LUl ] > ru
lics , whlelVaro M > destruutho to mind and lied
and make life miserable , olti'n leading to liiBani
j anddvith ItH'ri'iitfthcnti the NijtiM.HruIn
memor ) ( Blood , Mu ' leu , I > i.'e tl\e mid Itcprc
.luctlvi ) Orpins , It rotirct to all thu oruanl
fnnctlcix thi'lr fnrmorlvnr and \italltj , ma
Inir llfn clieuful and i'i > jouhle 1'rlio , SJ
buttle , or four tiinxUv n'lnn ' It ) 310 South
i'res > , sivuru from origination , to am .iddrisi
on reicipt of price. No. U. 0. I ) , eunt , f xrcj
on rciclpt of 41 on a guarantre. Letters ri
quoting answers must Inclose t > tauiu ,
Dr. Mintie's Dandelion Pills
are thu beat and iluupi'nt d > spqula and blllloi
cure In thu market. * > M bj nil druggi * * * . 1'rli
60 ( IMltl.
DII. MlvriKh KIUSKY KrwuTi Otruniri M ,
Cart's all kind of Kldnv ) and hUddercomplaint
uoiioitbcu , glcit ami IcucorreiM. For ftu I } °
dam. ! ; sts : Hi a bottle.
EN11LIMI MEDICAL INSTITL'TK ,
TISOlUoSt , ht. Loul * , Mo.
JanJ5-lv _ _ _
J. L W1LKIE.
MANUFACTURER OF
PAPER BOXES
218 and 220 S. 14th St.
iJanOdOm
IIQTELX , TOH'A'F
ARLINGTON , J. 0. MelNTIRE , Lincoln , Nab
SARATOGA HOTEL , J. S. STELLINIUS , Mllford , Neb.
WOOD * HOUSE , W. P. ELLIS , Ojceola , Neb.
COMMERCIAL HOTEL JOHN HANNAN , Stromtturg , Ne. ,
AMERICAN HOUSE , GEO. H. MeCAIN , South Dond , N
HALL HOUSE , A. W. HALL , Loultvllla
CITY HOTEL , CHENEY & CLARK , Blair , Neb.
EXCHANGE HOTEL , O. D. HACKNEY Athlsnd , Neb
CENTRAL HOUSE , JOHN COOPER , Oakdale , Neb.
COMMERCIAL HOTEL , WM. CLEMMON8 , Seward , Neb ,
COMMERCIAL HOTEL E. EVANS , O'Neill , Neb.
DORCHESTER HOTEL , A. 8. KINKLE Dorcheiter , Neb.
COMMERCIAL HOTE. , J , G , MEAD , Nellch , Neb
CENTRAL HOUSE , JAS. McKILLIP , York , Neb.
TUTTLE HOUSE , W. H. TUTTLE , Aurora , Neb ,
OAGE HOUSE , A. R. OAGE , RepubllcAnCltyNerj
DENVER HOUSE CAIRNS & WILLIAMS , HaitlnRt , Neo
GRAND CENTRAL ? . SEYMOUR , NobrAikn City , Ne
SANDERS HOUSE , CHA8. C. McNtSH , Friend , Neb
WOODWARD HOUSE , WAREN WOODWARD , Exeter , Neb.
MISSOURI PACIFIC HOTEL , P. L. THORP , WeoplngWater.Neb
E8TES HOUSE , N. T kSTES , Grand Island , Neb ,
COMMERCIAL HOUSE , F , W. WILM8 , Kearney , Neb ,
WILDER HOURE' THOMPSON REED , Wli'jer , Neb t
COMMERCIAL HOUSE A. O. CAARPER , Hardy , Neb.
GREENWOOD HOUSE , O. W. MAYFIELD , Greenwood , Neb
HAMMOND HOUSE , JOHN HAMMOND , Columbus , Neb ,
CENTRAL OITY HOUSE J. 8. GREQERY , Central Oltv , N
SUMMIT HOUSE , SWAN & BECKER , Creiton , I * .
JUDKIN8 HOUSE , JUDKIN8 & DRO , , Red Oak , la. I
HOUSTON HOUSE , GEO. OALPH , Exlra , la.
REYNOLDS HOUSE , O. M. REYNOLDS , Atlantic , la ,
WALKER HOUSE , D. H. WALKER , Audubon , la.
BURGEOUS HOUSE , D. A. BURGEOUS , Neola , la ,
CITY HOTEL , Dl 0. WILLIAMS , Harlan , Li ,
PARK HOUSE , MRS. M. E. CUMMINGS , Corning , la.
NEBRASKA HOTEL , J , L. AVERY , St.inton , Neb.
COMMERCIAL HOUSE , VM. LUTTON , Vllllsca , la ,
PARK HOUSE , W. J. GARVIN , Corning , la ,
JUDKINSHOUSE , FRANK WILKINSON , Malvern , la.
MERCHANTS' HOTEL , W. I. BOULWARE , Pacific Junction , la.
IF. o.
WHOLESALE GROCER ,
1213 Farnham St. . Omaha ,
WHOLESALE
BOOK SELLER AND STATIONER
AND DEALER N-
Wall Paper and Window Shades.
1304 Farnham St. , Omaha Neb. [ n,4.me.
H. M. & M. PEAVY ,
CLOTHIERS !
1309 Farnham Street.
Jan20cod.m&c6m
cr.
BOOT AND SHOE MANUFACTURER , V
309 South Tenth Street.
QUALITY AND FIT GUARANTEED ;
French Calf-Tongue Boots , Sewed , - - $9,00
French Calf Boots , Pegged , . . . . 6.00
American Calf Boots , 5.00
Pegged Alexis or Buckle Shoes , - - 3.50
MAKE A SPECIALTY OF BOOTS AND SHOES FOR FEET OUTB0
'SHAPE ' ,
11 Orders Prom ptly Attended to and Filled With Dispatch
EDHOLM
&
i RICKSO N
Give the Bargains
IN ALL KINDS OF
JEWELRY
4
WATCEES.CLOCKS ,
SILVERWARESOLID
AND PLATED WARE
AND DIAMONDS.
At Prices thnt Suit Any Customer Who BeallyJWiahea epirat-
Olnss Article.
STAR TINTED SPECTACLES
Are also Sold Exclusively by us.
ALSO WESTERN AG-ENTS
SMITH AMERICAN ORGAN CO.'S ORCANL
EDHOL1V1 & ERICKSON ,
THE JEWELERS , Opposite the Post Office.N
J. A. WAKEFIELD ,
vniOLKSALK AND RETAIL DEALER IN
Lath , Shingles , Pickets ,
SASH , DOORS , BLINDS , MOLDINGS , LIME , CEMHgr ' /
x.-A.srcjEjaac. , ETra.
WSTATE AQENl VOU MILWAUKEE ORMSNl COMPAXT
Near Union Pacific Depot , , - OMAHA ,
*
