THE OMAHA DAILY BEE : SATUKDAY AUGUST 27 , 1881-
GRAIN SPECULATION.
Fortunes Made end Fortunes
, Loat in "Whoat and
Cern in n Week ,
Origin of the Great Bull. Move
ment Big Operators
* Interviewed.'Jj
* of II < O < Armour , , Rnfim
Hatch find Others-
Kc York UeraM , August 2.1.
The extent of the recent grain spec
ulation may bo inferred from the fact
that Rufus Hatch is known to have
carried nt 0110 time 1,800,000 bushels
of corn ; a prominent down town mcr-
chaht , who prefers to keep his name
out of print , had 0,000,000 bushels ,
more than Uio entire supply at Chica
go ; and Mr. Kccnc.it is said , hold
1 ,000,000 , purchased at 45 cents and
old at a profit of 3200,000 , accord
ing to minor. The Armours , of Now
York and Chicago , held even more ,
and are credited with having made n
handsome fortune. Among the
"shorts" wlio have lost largo amounts
of inojMiy n promincntOorman banker -
or is spoken of , who. for himself and
his customers has dropped $700,000
I ' within a week , mostly of foreign ac-
1 count. The loss among small operators -
tors who had sold the market short
have been very large in the aggro-
ale.
ISTEttEHTIEa OPINIONS.
Below will be found the opinions of
omo of the heavy operators in grain.
It will bo aeon that they agree in the
jnain as to the cnuso of the great bull
movement abort crop but differ as
to the future of the market. It is to
1)0 regretted that the views of Mr.
James K. Kccno , 'who is largely inter
ested in the produce markets , could
not bo had , owing to his absence in
Newport.
MR. ARUOim IMIKDICTO IIIOHI'.ll
Mr. II. 0. Armour , of Armour ,
PJankinptoji & , Co. , 15 toad street , a ;
member of the buH clique , seemed to
7 > o reluctant to give his viowa , an'd
uaid : "Wo are packers of pork and
don't think wo know .so very much
about grain. "
"But your liouso is reported to fig
ure largely in the grain speculation ? "
' "Well , 1 buy things when I con
sider them cheap , and sell them when
I regard thoni as high that's true. "
"llov about the corner in wheat1' ? '
"Thcro is none , It's all nonsense , "
"Not a corner in August wheat
when its prjco is no much highcrithan
fe that of September ? '
"No , there's no corner. A "groat
many poopla liavo sold it short and
the season is backward , so that it can
not bo delivered very fast , but you
will find that as the month goes on
the price will soon adjust itself to its
proper level. Only wait till people
have a chance to deliver the wheat
they have sold. "
"How is the speculative outlook
generally in grain ? "
"I am a radical believer in much
Iiighor prices. I think all provisions
nro bound to bo higher , as they al
ways are when there is a shortage in
the crops. " ' >
L "And do you think that will turn out
, to bo so heavy ? "
i ! "Very largo , indeed. Why , if the
estimates of the department of agri
culture go for anything at all they in
dicate a shortage in wheat alone of
from 25 to 30 per cent , , which" , in a
production of , I believe , about 47(5- (
000,000 of bushels lost year , would
amount to from 125,000,000 to 150-
000,000 , or about equal to our entire
export of last year. "
TUB BHUINKAOE OP COll.V.
"How as to the shrinkage in corn ,
Mr. Armour ? "
"Well , if thp government estimates
nro all right the corn crop is from
: iOO,000,000 to 400,000,000 bushels
short. Now , that's a calamity to the
country , and no editor sitting in his
chair and writing an editorial on the
wicked speculation knows anything
about it , That moans such n changq
in the relations of demand and supply
that there must bo a rise in proportion
to the now condition pi [ things'
"Then you do not look for n further
Lroak in prices ? "
"Oh , the speculation has boon enor
mous , and there may bo violent fluc
tuations up and down no doubt there
will bo. Whoa wo buy wo move the
grain in Chicago to this city for ox-
port. Wo don't buy on margin j but
move the stuff itself. "
"What will the expert demand j bo ,
in your judgment ? "
"Prices she v that wo have not ,
much to expert , oven if the 'demand
should be great , which I don't believe
it will bo. "
' What effect will this speculation
liavo on the. farmers' interests ? "
"Well , ( hey have much smaller
crops , but they will probably make it
up by the higher prices they will receive -
coivo for their products , "
"Conceding oven the shrinkage in
crops' Mr. Armour , are not prices ab ,
normally high already ? "
"Nof , at all. For the pact five
years wo liavo had enormous crept ,
nd abnormally low prices. Why , I
am not a very old man and I huvu
* old wheat at $3 a bushel , "
THE vnit'Eft oy GOOD
"Has not the average price of corn
for the post few years been near 40
cents a bushel ? "
"That may bo , but wo have had a
succession of the most enormous crops
a perfect glut of corn. I lomombar
the old fashioned price used to bo
about &L a bushel. But then , us I
told you before , I am very radical in
juy viowa. "
"How high do you think food pro
ducts will "
"I would not dare to tell you. The
longer a man lives the loss ho finds ho
knows , and this is a t'rcut country ,
and a man must always bo ready to
modify his views by any change that
may occur. I think all food products
for the ncit'twclvo months are bound
to range much higher , llomembcr
that HO are the great suppliers of
cheap food for the world , and when
there is & shrinkage to the supply
here it is a very different affair from iya
failure in the " crops of any European
country. "When our crops fail , then
the inurkeU of the whole world show
the effWts of it. "
"Tim has b en thegroatest ipocula-
.
lion in % food nroductsjovcr
this country , has iMioU" ' *
"Not at all. The volume of spccu-
lation has grown withjjtho incfoasS of
the country ; bul , nsHo the fluctua
tions they have been oinall compared
to these of some yours ago. Tliis
speculation is a l hy compared to
some I remember.
MH. n\TCU'.SUL ! > l < ,1IO ! 8. -
"No , sir , " Mr. Rufus Hatch said ;
"tho recent advonco in com was not
fostered by artificial means. The
wheat deal may have been brought
about by manipulation lo n certain extent -
tent , but the rise in corit was the
natural result of affairs which still ex
ists , and which may make corn still
higher. "
"To what do y6u refer ? ' was nftked.
"Well , Iho whole tiling can bo ex
plained very briclly. You" miisl know
that there is n sliin of land along the
west side of the Allegheny mountaihs
and extending through the states of
Ohio , Indiana , Illinois , Missouri , Kan
sas and Kentucky. It is about u thou
sand miles long and from 500 to 700
miles wide. That cnlbrticcs nil of what
is known aft the 'winter wheat section
of this country , nnd is what is known
to grain men as the 'corn belt,1 Tills
year the winter wheat raised in
this section will bo between 40 and
(10 ( per cent of the usual crop. In
fact , taking Iho whole of it together ;
there is reason to believe that it will
not thrash out more than half n crop.
But corn is even worse , nnd there is
no question that there will bo a good
deal less than half n crop. In brief ,
the whole CHUBO of the roccnt rise in
grain may bo summed up in two
words short crops. The shortage in
corn Is tnoro marked than in wheat ,
and the members of the wheat pool
would not have been so successful in
bulling No. 2 red if the failure
of Uio coril crop had rtot
helped them. This was somdthing
like a piece of luck , for the condition
of the corn yield was not known when
the wheat pool wits' ' formed. "
"What wcro the 6auscsof the short-
'In ' Uio first place the wintdr graiii
was injured by the 6xtromo severity
of last winter. "I'ho wet snows' wet a
great deal of corn that had been
cribbed , Then ,011110 the long dry
spoil of this summer , which has BO-
nously affected Iho only yield this
year that which is'harvcsteU in June.
Why , when it was thrashed it turned
out only one-half what it was expect
ed to yield. I Jiavo seen specimens of
corn from almost nil sections , and the
cars nro largely composed of mcro
'nubbins , ' and thu wheat is equally
poor , with n short/and thin berry. "
"flow about the bull clique ? "
"The pool w'aa formed last spring
and consisted of speculators in Chicago
cage , Cincinnati , St. .Louis , and this
city. At that time everybody else
was n bear. It waS known that wo
should not have full crops in this
country , but it was not supposed that
they would fall far short of an average -
ago , and the estimates for the crop in
Europe wcr.o for a vorjr heavy yiold.
The pool , as they call it , consisted of
men like Mr. Armour , James 11
Kccno. Ilutchinson , of St. Louis , and
several others. "
'And Rufus Hatch , of this city ? "
the reporter suggested , interroga
tively , k
"Well , the vuLoran operator replied , '
with a peculiar omilo , "I was on the
outsido. But , as I was saying , Choy
sent agents to the grain country , and
they soon found ample reason to know
that the crops were going to bo hardly
moro than half what they ought to
bo. Gf course it didn't take men like
Armour it Co. long to know that the
correct thing to do was to operate
for a rise , They wcro shrewd enough
to do it nnd they have made some
money. When I commenced buying
corn in May it was down to 4 i and 45
cents a bushel. It is now 7nnd
A FUIlTiniU ADVAJCCK.
"Will there boa further advance ;
has the bull movement reached its
bight ? "
"Well , the advance has been so
suddoii since the 1st of August that it
is natural to expect that there will bo
sornp reaction. But the highest prices
have not yet boon readied , in my
opinion , because , as I have said , the
grain crop will bo much shorter than
has boon oxpoctod. Thcro will bo
another rise when the full wheat is
harvotod next month , There is no
disputing the facts which have caused
the riso. In the first place the corn crop
last year was not so largo ns in 1870 ,
the year before , so tlmt during last
winter , which was a very long and so-
VOKP one , the fanners were obliged to
use millions of bushels to feed their
stock. This was a serious draft on
the supply on hand. But it was not
uiUil the drought of the middle of
Juno that wo began to hear much
talk of u short supply of corn. Tlio
July statement of the agricultural do-
pailmont put its nrodahlo yield at 00
nor cent. Since then they have put
it a great ddal lower , "
THUEATE.VEI ) KVIUS.
"Rut there is 0119 fact , my young
friend , which is a very important one
to remember. There are many sec
tions of { his country where they have
not had a drop of rain for eight weeks.
Thcro never was such a drought , and
if it continues four weeks long * r in
the winter wheat section it will bo
ted Into for them to plow for their
fall wheat. Nothing can nave them
but two weeks of ruin , and it must
como soon within two weeks. The
dread of this continued drought has
already had something to do with ad
vancing the price in the west. If it
contimti'B four weeks longer wheat will
go up 25 or 50 cents a bushel , "
"How about the spring wheat
crop1 ?
"Wo cannot tell you just what it
will thrash out. But it will bo a great
deal loss than last year. "
"Then you think that as the crops
are undoubtedly very short , pi ices
will bo still higher ? "
"Yes ; wheat is goint { to sell hoio
about as high UB it docs in Europe.
To givoyou au idea of the shortage I
may say that Samuels , of St. Louis ,
ono of the largest dealers in the west ,
writes mo that ho is shipping
wheat to millers in the heart
of the wheat country of
Kentucky. Com and wheat are both
higher in St. Louis than in Chicago ,
which has hardly over boon known before -
fore , The quality of the corn is so
Coor that only about 00 per cent is
ispocted and pronounced merchanta
ble ( or No. 2) ) . and the remaining 40
per cent is either nmrkod No. 3 or re-
tctcd. The crop in Europe has been
sttcr than we have had hero in Ihrco
years , but it fallsi far short of what
Was ; expected , "except in Ilusjm.
The speculators in Europe have
lost a great deal of money ,
They undertook to sell wheat
short , and it took them about six
weeks td fiild out that our crops had
.been . badly , damaged. . 1 have not a
bushel of com , but 1 will venture lo
say that in six months it will soil at
$1 per bushel. Wo shall have the
shortest crops that has been r.iiscd in
twcnty-fivo years in proportion to the
land under cultivation. I have had
correspondents traveling nil thtough
the wheat country , and have received
as many ns fifteen or twenty dis
patches a day , so that I have full ad
vices. "
rONSIMlVATIVB VIKW * .
Mr. W. II. Traflon , Jr. , a conserva
tive , attributed the rise to short crwps ,
and oxnrcpsml the opinion that prices
might bo still higher bcforo the end of
the year. The beginning of the pres
ent bull movement , ho said , was about
August , and silica that time moro than
l.,00000 ! ( } bushels of corn have been
sold at the Produce Exchange for
speculative purposes John Lyoiij n
heavy speculator of Chicago , being
ono of the first buyers. Armour &
Co , were the largest speculators in
wheat , holding 12,000,000 bushels of
the 30,000,000 now in supply in Chi
cago. "In Germany , " Mr. Trafton
continued , "tho crops of wheat , oats ,
rye , barley , and hay prove to bo very
disappointing , the yield of rye , oats ,
and wheat not moro than three-quar
ters of a crop , and some of our corre
spondents place rye at not above two-
thirds on an avorngo. In Iloumania
and a part of Austria much injury has
been done to their crops. From
Prance the advices are also unfavor
able , As thrashing progresses the
yield is disappointing for both
wheat and oats , the latter especially
bad ; and instead of that country exporting -
porting , as has boon stated , they will
have to import fiom 30,000,000 to 45- ,
000,000 bushels of wheat , nd also
very freely of oats. The injury to
the root has boon serious , and nil this
intelligence combined has contribu
ted to thu buoyancy arid excitement
that have chauicterized our maikct
for the past \vcek. Prices of both
spot and options have boon rapidly
advanced , and have been forced above
the limjts of most shippers , BO that
Iho expert h.xilo h.ia been ro-
strictcd greatly. It is very evident
that the ical situation of this country
has not been properly convoyed to the
niinds of European inadcrs ; indeed ,
the majority of thorn Imvc been mis
led , and thorcfdrc will bo slow to ap
preciate the situation urt it really is.
For the first five months of the cisrcal
year Western Europe will have to depend -
pond upon this country to supply
much ot their deficiency. The fact of
their reserves being lighter than at
any time for many years will compel
thorn to bo free buyers of now wheat
early in the autumn , so that the com
petition hero will be greater than
many suppose ; and as the quantity
to bo contended for is very
much less in this countay than last
year there nro many good reasons
why farmers should count on good
prices. Prudent and conservative
business men regard the financial nit-
'nation with much approbation/tho' ;
weak position of our banks and the
constant drafts upon thorn by large
operators hero and the west , to carry
on their gigantic speculations , may , it
is feared , lead to disastrous results.
It will bo scon that the reserves of
our banks have boon i educed fiom
89,000,000 to about $2,000,000. This
great change certainly places thorn in
m very enviable position , and when
they ueclino to extend further aid to
speculators to enable thoin to carry
out their 'corners , ' then wo may look
out for a sudden collapse that might
temporalily unsettle values. "
Tlio Great Orator of Kllnuoa.
The following pen picture of the
fearful crater of Kilauca is from the
Honolulu Advertiser' ' of July 2(5 ( ;
Tourists to the volcano for many years
past all remember certain active pools
of lava , the North and South lakes ,
which ordinarily bubbled and tossed a
fiery ilood at u depth of about 120
foot below the iloor of the great cra
ter. Now these lakes have all been
filled up , and there have arisen peaks
and conqs of hard lava that rise over
100 foot above the south bank of the
great orator , which is about 1,000 feet
high. But there has burst forth anew
now opening in tlio great crater Iloor
not far distant from tlio old hikes , and
a now lake , almost round in form ,
abdut COO feet across and some 70
fool in depth , in ordinary stages , below -
low the surrounding brink. Hero the
great Hawaiian volcano presents the
most vuriod , fantastic play of liquid
lava.
Hero are some of the phases of the
play of aliroUko , as recently observed
in the great mter of Kilauca. Some
times it almost seems to sleep , and
the disappointed visitor looks down
into a black valley , and observes a
smoking pit , giving no moro evidence
of combustion than a tar kiln. But
the observer stands on the brink of
the pit , or great pool , or lake , as now
appears , about COO foot across , and
whoso surface is about 70 foot below
him , And what is this surface ? It
presents a dark silver-gray hue , with
a satiny shino. This is a crust of
quiescent lava , and the observer , who
has expected to have his sense of wonder -
dor strained to speechlessness , says ;
"Is this all I" No ! look I the
frozen , glassy lake is alivo.
What a heave in the center-somo
mighty boost lifting up that Iloor !
Now n wave of undulation runs round
the incrusted marge , And there is an
outburst , r. blood-red fount , gushing
and bubbling from ono of earth's
arteries. The broad disk of the lake
heaves and trembles. Fitful , gaseous
flashes Hit across , and now the mov
ing Iloor cracks , and a serrated fissure ,
like the suture of a skull , runs from
marge to marge , and quick , darting
streaks , sudden cracks of the cruet ,
shoot across in all directions , Theao
serrated streaks are at first rosy lines
on the ray surface , then they widen
like crimson ribbons , broadening to
the viow. They undulate with the
billowy motion of tlio whole upheaving
luvfaco. Another crimson fount
springs up along the now fretting and
roaring rim of the lake , and another
and another of now wildly upleaping
fountains of iiro toss high their gory-
crests , even casting gouts and clots of
Uio rcdlTpray , tlmt fill and harden
iTcnr the observer's feel. ' '
' By tliis timd the * pint of our in
ferno is aroused , The whole uftrco
red lake is all boil and leap and roar.
It is more than the roar of loud sea
surfs beating bold bluff's. The surg
ind tide of the molten earth sounds a
deeper ( , bellowing bass than any note
of the sounding sen. Anil now the
heaved up crust , broken into frag
ments , Is churned up and dissolved in
the boiling llood. The roaring gulf
iial now , indeed , a vortex of indescrib
able glorieo and terrors. Caves open
or the sides of the surrounding wall ,
and man seems more of n hell than he
ever imagined. A thousahd demons
are now holding high carnival in this
bottomless pit-ami the leap and play
of a fiery llood the dance and swell
of n red , surging tide , and the roar
and shriek of the dread forces issuing
from the rcd.hot , pulsating heart of
the plnnot , moke a thoughtful observ
er l old his hand to his own heart and
say : "This is enough ; the Almighty
is hero , "j
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EVAlfSVH.LC.IND.
i ( i l\tt faytr.
UAHUFACIDRKR AUD DKALKR IN
SADDLES AND HARNESS.
1412 Parn.
Omaha. Nob.
j Anuir ran rrl * cm-i anaKa
CONCORD HARNESS
Two Mcdali anil a Diploma of Honor , with the
\ cry highest award the judges could bestow was
awarded this harness at the Centennial Exlilbl
tion.
tion.Common
Common , also Ranchmen'B and Ladles' SAD
DLES , Wo keep the largest stock In the est ,
and ln\lta all wlio cannot examine tosnuHnr
prlcr * . artft
DOI'TTOUFOB&ETIT '
. AVITEN IN NEED OF
BOOTS 1 SHOES
To examine the stock of
BASWITZ & WELLS ,
House 1422 Douglas St. , near 15tli
is largo and always the lowest prices
o3ocl-flm _
DB VEAUX'S
WASHING MACHINE
The Only Machine that Will
Do just as is Advertised.
t
It Will Washftster ,
It Will Wash Gleaner ,
It Will Wash Easier ,
It Will repire no Rubbing
It will do a large family
Washing in 30 Minutes ,
It Will Wiuli Equally woUl witli
Hard or Soft 'Water.
It does away \\lthuiuh boilers and washboards
Mid will pay ( or Itself lit full and tlio u car of
clotliu In a monih.
No Moain In the kitchen. A child 10 yean ol
can do the washing faster than any uomui au
wring ana hang out the dothes-
DAN. SULLIVAN & bONS1 ,
dim 1110 Farnham Strctt , Agent * .
tOi. R. CU KSOX 3 , O. 11C.XT
Clarkson & Hunt ,
Successor * to Richards & Hunt ,
ATTORNEYS - AT - LAW
6 , UthSUect Om ba Neb.
Business College ,
THE GREAT WESTERN
GEO. R. RATHBUN , Principal.
Creighton Block ,
OUAIIA , NOJRAHKA.
erScnii lot Clrculsr. oor.SOd&wt !
HEADQUAR TERS
-FOR-
MEN'S FURNISHING GOODS.
We desire to cnll the special attention ot iho trade to our
levant lines ( at BOTTOM PRICES ) of Underwear , Cardigan
tickets and Scarfis , Buck -Gloves , Overshirts , Overalls , ,
Hosiery , &c.now open. Wholesale only. i
SHREVE , JARVIS & CO. ,
Corner Fourteenth and Dodge Sts.
I , OBERFELDER & CO , ,
I I !
*
ntroitTEiis Ai ) jouncns or
MILLINERY & NOTIONS ,
1308 and 1310 DOUGLAS STREET.
The only cxclusivo wholesale house in this line in the west.
DEWEY & STONE ,
FURNITURE !
' .
.s
ORCHARD & BEAN , J. B. FRENCH & CO , ,
CARPETS ! G R O C E R SI \I
S
The I argest Stock and Most Com
plete Assortment in H-
. The West.
I. . . *
ULiu - > I ' ' * ' I i I.I If -It | i nil ' (
. , .
; i - i A.1
. . .
( .n ' i. , v.- . .i , * * * * 'i' ' i .
1 r td > ttl'f vnhl < I . .
. ' t / I 'Ul > ' l > 'M i" " J l ' '
'I I
. , 1 I il I'j > iN
1 < ( i I * I .
.
/ , .
' 'Ji i .l I > if'I"
We .Keep 'Everyth ' ng in the Line of Carpets , Oil-
cioths , Matting , Window-shades , Fixtures '
n , , , and Lace Curtains.
WE HAVE COODSTO PLEASE EVERYBODY.
1313 Farnham St. , Omaha.
Max Meyer & Go.
\
GunsAmmunitionSporting Goods
PISHING TACKLE , BASE BALLS , and a
FULL LIKE OF NOTIONS AND FANCY GOODS.
MAX MEYER & CO. , Omaha , Ne
