THE HESPERIAN STUDENT.
Wo consider the Olio, Mnriclta, Ohio,
ono of the very best exchanges upon our
list. It possesses a dignified and pleusing
bearing. Notwithstanding the fact that
the Olio gives the Student a thrust of
criticism occasionally, wo read its co).
iimns with pleasure and profit. Wu shall
not complain of criticism so long as just-
The Jlcrkelcyan for October is, if possi
ble, more interesting than usual. An able
editorial on "The social relations of Stu
dents," iu the main, wo can heartily en
dorse. The writer places "Morality" first
among those things which should not bo
overlooked; then "the cultivation of a
keen sense of honor, the observance of
true politeness, and the cultivation of the
conversational powers."
The Chronicle is received. It seems two
of the students have been arrested by the
police, while engaged in sport upon the
campus. Pretext, wrestling after dark
Some of the students on the following
evening engaged in various violent dem.
onstrations. The Chronicle, with its
wonted spirit, denounces the arrest as tin
just and unlawful, while it does not. up
hold the students in their subsequent
actions. The Chronicle is yet fully com
potent to protect the interests and rights
of the students.
Wc have also received the following
new exchanges which wc welcome to our
files.
Vol. 1, Nos. 2 and 3 of the Hannibal
College Enterprise. A small paper and
unpretentious, but fresh and original.
The Public School Iiccord, published in
the interests of the public schools of Mil
waukee. It is a live paper full of valu
able intelligence.
The Aurora, Bellvillc, Ontario. The
desire is expressed to form the acquain
tance of their American fellow students.
We are glad to reciprocate the courtesy
and shall keep it posted in regard to our
"ways and doings" out heie In the fron
tier. Vol. 1, No. 5 of the Orescent, Hillsdale,
Mich. It is gotten up in neat shape, and
takes its stand in the foremost rank of
college journals. "What is a liberal cdu
cation" by J. II. B. is full of fire, and a
fine defense of the study of the classics
as a source of practical benefit. Hero is
an extract which, according to our own
conviction, is true every word:
"There's nothing that will train to hab
its of abstraction and close thinking like
the correct translation of a difficult pas.
sage of Greek or Latin. Every power of
the mind Is brought into play; close at
tention, correct analysis, sound judgment;
nvcry word has its meaning, even its po
sition in the sentence is n matter of much
Import ; every little particle has Us weight,
every tense, mode and case its d liferent
mode of expression. To translate a Greek
sentence correctly Is very much like try
ing a case in court, each requires the same
acute perception and accurate judgment."
ECHOE8 ITHOM NORMAL HALL.
VKOM OUH ItEUUI.AIt COMIESPONDKNT.
Died, of typhoid fever, October 7, 1874,
Mr. II. L. Wagner. Mr. W'igner was
resident of Gage County, and at the time
of his death was our janitor, and in a few
days expected to enter the lists as a stu
dent. u
Ho was a young man withJiigh aims for
Hfo and bright hopes for the future, with
& more than, 'ordinary umouut of energy
and spirit coupled with ability and uer-
Bcverance. In him we beheld an earnest
student and willing worker. But today
his body rests in the cold earth, that
mighty, common sepulchr ; , I: .pirit,
wo trust, In heaven.
And again, as Normal students, we are
reminded of the fact, that " Life's but a
shadow," frail, restless, and soon to pass
away. Little did we think as we saw him
moving about performing his duties with
his accustomed energy that in a few short
days that stalwart form would lie before
us a cold, lifeless lump of clay.
Out of that company of students, who
would have selected him as the ono who
should first fall a victim to wasting dls
ease? 0 life I how transient 1 how uncer
tain! "Leaves have their tinio to fall,
Andiloworsto wither at tho North wind's
brcnth,
And Stars to set; but nil,
Thou Unst all times for thlno own, O Death 1"
As a token of respect to our departed
friend and fellow-student, all school duties
were suspended on the day following his
death.
The college year of '74 and '75 finds
the Normal School in a more prosperous
condition than ever before. Wo have as
good a corps of zealous, devoted teachers
as can be found anywhere. Under the
skillful management of our acting Princi
pal, Prof. Wilson, and by tho hearty co
operation of all the teachers, the school
lias commenced its work this year with
unusual promptness, and teachers and
pupils arc all working together ear
nestly and harmoniously. Notwithstand
ing the present unfavorable condition of
affairs in our state, resulting from grass
hopper raids and drouth, the number of
students is greater than at any previous
time. This surely indicates that tho Nor
mal School is progressing, even under
disadvantages.
The Normal Department numbers, 08
Tho Preparatory, . 180
Total, 1M
Being only 81 less than the number en
rolled during the entiro year of '78 and '74
in both these departments. One thing,
however, we miss this year, and that Is
the Model School, which used to be the
delight of some, and the vexity of verities
for others. It became necessary for tho
Board to do away with this department
because of a lack of rooms.
There are two things which, us a school,
we feel tho need of more thau any tiling
ejse, at present. They are a good library
and a buillcient supply of apparatus. I
think, if tho Honorable Legislators of our
state were to vibit the Normal and see
under what ereut disadvantages we labor
just from u lack of these two things, they
would return to their legislative halls
with the decision that wo ought and
must have these indisputable aids to good,
thorough work.
As a school we maintain two literary
societies tho Philomiithean and the Ever
ett. The one represents the Normal, and
the other the Preparatory department.
Tho societies aro just getting into good
woi'kingordcr, having been d-jlayed more
than usual this year on account of being
composed quite largely of new members,
nevertheless, I think there is a good pros
pect for better.work than. ever before.
The elections were, as usual, times for
excitement and fun. I will not take up
room by giving the names of all the ofil
ders.'but simply of three in each society.
PHIL0MAT1IEAN.
President, I. L. Burch, Peru
Vice, Miss E. L. Parker, Pawnco City
Bee. Sec, V L. Iloyes, Blair
EVEKETT.
President, L. W. Campbell, Watson, Mo.
Vlco, Miss Nellio Daily, Lincoln
Sec, W. Bush, Nob. City
Lviuulor 11. Ecklmrt.
IN IttlWIOIlIAM.
Died, at his home in Dakota City, Oct.
22, LeANDKH It. EOKHAHT.
This, tho short, sad chapter which must
close the history of every man. But alusl
that the volume must so soon be closed!
that these harsh, cold words must thus
early be spoken 1 It is hard for friend to
consign friend to dust, without doubting
or complaint; still wo uro assured, that
" Ho doeth all things well," even as now,
when tho strong young man, rejoicing iu
tho hope and gladness of life's balmy
morn Is called from n life of fairest prom
ise to hide all earthly hopes and aspira
tions in the silent sepulchre.
In the departure of Leandeii Eckhaht,
all who know him have experienced a se
vere loss. Ho was a talented member of
society and a faithful friend. He possess
ed a genial and happy disposition, and
carried sunshine into every circle. As a
student of the University, he was diligent
and successful in his studies, and was
loved and respected by comrades and
teachers. He was a charter member of
the Adelphian Literary Society, in which
he was an earnest Avorker. In him the
society has lost an ornament and an able
representative. Wo desire not to magnify
his many good qualities, yet would com
mend his virtues which may well be emu
lated and contemplated by all.
The Soclul (?) GIunh.
OF WHAT, AttD HOW, IT IB MADE.
Comol All a fresh bumpor, for why should wo
While tho logwood still reddens our cups as
they flow?
Pour out tho decoction still bright with the sun
Till o'er tho brimmed crystal the dye-stuff shall
run. O. W. Hoj.meb.
Prof. Aughoy having shown the adul
terations of the choice (?) liquors of Liu
coin, it may be of some interest to the
readers of tho Student to know some of
tho means used by the liquor dealers in
general for preparing their delicious intox
icating compounds. These ingredients
have been obtained either from actual
analyses, or from the manufacturer's own
recipes.
To make a quantity of fine Scotch whis
key, it is only necessary to add creosote to
plain spirits, imparting tho peculiar smo
ky llavor desired ; or, what amounts to
the same thing, by conducting into the
barrel the smoke of birch bark.
To give ago to brandy add glyeorine
freely; if you wish to savo money uso
kerosene for tho same purpose To make
tho barrels look old wash, outside and in,
with sulphuric acid (oil of vitriol), and
then with sulphate of iron (green vitriol).
Ago is given to beer by the addition of
sulphuric acid, or sulphate of copper (blue
vitriol), alum and sliced cucumbers.
The substances used for coloring wines
arc almost innumerable; those more com
monly used being tho extracts of log
wood, brazil-wood, Indian wood, dwarf
elder, mulberry, beet-root, poke-weed ; of
various lichens, as orchlt, cud-bear, lit
mus; cochineal, aud tho various analym
dyes. Catechu seems to bo ,j favorlto
with some for darkening tho color of wlno
or cider.
To cure roplness tannin or the berries
of the mountain ash.
To arrest, fermentation, in red wlneB,
uso sulphite (not sulphate, which is plca
ter of parls) of lhno and sulphuric acid;
what's bettor still, a mixture of hord-wood
ashes, fresh-slaked lime and salt.
To check fermentation, in whilo wines,
sulphur is burnt in the barrel lor an hour,
until it is thoroughly impregnated with
the fumes of sulphurous acid; the wino
is then poured in and tho barrel rolled.
Alum, isinglass, acetic acid, acetic-ether
ure used for fining wino and cider. Al.
urn, salt and green-vitriol will give bcor
heading.
Here aro three of the better class of ro
cipes, recommended to make a real good
article of cider or brandy.
Foit ciDKit, "take water 100 gall. ; gol
den syrup, 4 gall.; alum, 0 oz.; solution
of bitter balls, (composed of gentian, pi-eric-acid
and syrup ; and used in place of
hops); catechu equals mimo-tannlc acid
and catechin; ferment aud then add
cloves 0 oz. ; caramels, 2 pints; cinnamon,
2 oz.; bitter almonds (contain prussio
acid), yz pound; add sulphuric tacid to
suit the taste."
Cheap oideh. "Of good cider and of
water, 1 barrel each ; 20 pounds of mo
lasses; alum, pound; sulphuric acid;
brimstone matches to stop fermentation."
Peach buandy. "Take 2 gall, syrup
and water; 4 gall, alcohol; 8 oz.. catc
chu ; G oz. bitter almonds ; 4 oz. ucetio
ether; gall. Jamaica rum; add water
to ten gallons. Salt iB added in large
quantities to beer to create thirst.
A compound of Spanish licorice, ox
tract of quassia, green vitriol, cochineal
and molasses, called "bittern," is .largely
used to give color and strength to liquors.
The following are also commonly used
for adulteration: oils of juniper, elder
leaves, cognac and sweet fennel ; pornam
buco, maraschino, orris-root, benzoin,
anise-seed, benzine, kerosene, strychnine,
tannic ucid, strontia, litharge and hen
bane. No wonder, then, that tho poor sot
whose very vitals have been almost liter
ally eaten out by sulphuric acid, lye, k'er
osone, oil of juniper, etc; or w hoso wholo
system has been tortured by green and
and blue vitriol, benzoin, cochineal, sugar
of lead and henbane, asks his comrade--half
jesting and half realizing tho truth of
the utterance to "denominate his poison"
or which ho will lake, "forty-rod," "jer
sy-lightning," "Indian-soothor," . or "a
sjraight head-splitter."
Can wc say that it is not time to talk
temperance publicly, and In tho streets it
need be, when men have sunk so low as
to manufacture tho vilo decoctions now
sold under the name of choice liquors?
Is It not enough to urouso us when we
know that men aro permitted, and. oven
licensed to sell vilo compounds tluit are
poisoning their hundreds daily. . ,
Time and space do not admit com-1
mont. It is enough to know that not one
saloon in a -thousand sells unadulterated
liquors ; aud that tho authorities take no
stops to prevent this wholesale roi'tfON
inu. G. E; Bl
Some of the Sophs who haveibodu''tudy
ing "Anal.. Geom.',',. have ,boon Sought hew;
to draw scientifically a paralipsp paif i).-
lips,) and aro proud of it. fieiD8l fatter.
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