THE HESPERIAN.
fcr
INTER-STATE PRIZE ORATION.
Frank Fottur, or tlio Stale University, Vloomlngton,
Indiana, "Wins First Honors.
THE HEIR AITARENT.
The question, "What are vc here for?" spoken in a great
Chicago convention, once made the question notorious. Asked,
with the spoilsman's reply in thought, that query degraded
the ideal of politics; yet its words well express the problem of
philosophy. To this life inquiry each must frame an answer
each for himself, and then for all. "What arc we here for?"
The question comes likes a wail from toilers in dismal mines,
from the factory's pale-faced workers, from crowded garrets
of want. If we cannot find a mcanine in man's life and a
promise in the future, there is nothing to brighten the shadow
of modern pessimism. Increasing education and awakening
thought arouse dangerous passions in those who have no hope
of sharing in the world's advancement. But there is every
cause for hope: those who have thought, and prayed, and
toiled, and died, to make the world a better place to live in,
have left a priceless heritage. Many wrongs in socioty are yet
to be righted, but mon. and more clearly it appears that the
common man is to be the heir of all the blessings of progress.
Glancing at the past, wc see in primeval caves, strewn with
the rudely chipped flint, the embryo from all the arts. Later,
wc see rising in the valley of the Nile a mighty civilization.
But th.".t progress was for the ruling classes only, and was
almost without meaning in the degraded lives of the toiling
millions. That is the lesson checkered light and darkness, a
prophecy of hope, a story of man's despair down to the
Renaissance.
It was in this wonderful era that America was discovered.
The awakening thought and energy of man found greatest room
for growth on the western continent. All things here tended to
form a keen and self-reliant national character. A language
to fall like native accents from the tongue must be learned in
childhood. An infant nation here first lisped another language
of political principles. Here at last the joy of life would be
for all, not for the few. With the humble many would be
shared the heritage of progress. These were the hopes at the
beginning of the four centuries now drawing io a close. Have
they been justified? We have ceased to wonder at ourselves.
The mightiest marvels have grown familiar. Free thought,
the heresy of the past, is to-day the axiom on which orthodoxy
bases her argument. Precepts of politics, -which merely to
whisper was treason once, are now the daily utterance of every
young American. Already have sunk to the commonplace the
wonders of lightning and imprisoned steam. Who dares assert
that anything is impossible to man, when he has won the spirit
of the clouds and chained the genii of earth's caverns? The
freer thought, the more widely diffused intelligence, the higher
average of material and spiritual conditions, proclaim that here
and now has been most nearly solved the problem of man's
earthly destiny.
Would that with these words all hud been told? Hut what
to Africa is the light of civilir-ijion? Us beam do not pene
trate her jungles. What to Asia's millions are these won
derful inventions? Their toil is not lightened by them. What
joy to Russia's despot ridden people does our free constitution
bring? They die in exile if they but whisper "Liberty." In
our own land the sunken face of hunger, the daily chronicle of
crime, the crowded prisons, the savagery of city slums, tell us
that even we, the advance guard of progress, are tenting many
camp fires for the great millenium. How can such things be,
with luxury increasing and lyealih accumulating at a rute
.unequalled, in history? This is tbe question Ujat repeats itself
day and night to many thoughtful minds. In them, thus pon
dering, and in the masses brooding over injustice, has grown
a profound discontent. "Let those who will bemoan the fart.
Let us rejoice the common man is thinking. He is thinking,
and there can be no happy solution to the dark enigma of the
"was" and "is" of human society until the humblest are
granted the earnings of their toil and a share in the heritage
of humanity. Then will the common man come to his own.
Is he not worthy? He has been patient, toiling, faithful. Upon
his shoulders has rested every empire whose rulers history
records to fame, while he is nameless. His arm won all the
battles for which conquerors were accorded the glory of
triumph, and in chariots bedecked with flowers, while he
tramped in the dust behind them. He mined the gold that
was fashioned into crowns; he wove the robe of royalty,
pressed the wine for luxury's feast, and reared the gorgeous
palaces where wealth reclines. Why has he walked in rags,
and gnawed a crust and slumbered in a hovel? Nature has
not left portionless her child. Far back in geological ages fire
and flood and sun had hidden untold minerals in the moun
tain's depth foi him, stored cxhaustlcss fuel for his use, and
raised the continent to be his home. Whence came the title
of those who, holding nature's gifts, have claimed as tribute
the life-long labor of the common man? The great, the for
tunate of the earth, have enjojed his heritage and kept him
from his own.
In this great republic, do wc yet declaim for equal rights?
Alas, to the humble man a voice in government does not, as
he had thought, give an equal share in the blessings of society.
The colonial fathers thought that the revolution, the political
influence of which had shaken every throne, ensured also a
social regeneration. They did not sec that it was the ncij con
ditions of an unappropriated continent that had lulled to rest
for a time the great social evils of the old world. They could
not see the immigration surging to these shores, the great inven
tions soon to revolutionize the methods of production, the
magic growth of cities, the widening gap between wealth and
poverty all bringing new complications to problems which
they thought were solved.
These problems confront us to-day. Dark prophets of evil
picture the crimes of wealth, denouncing existing institutions,
vaguely hint at bloody revolution. Hut the American spirit,
which never yet has been daunted, though recognizing the
evils, fears not that "a crisis is at hand." To clamor at cap
ital and society will not settle the questions requiring the
united energies of heart and brain, 'xivc, not hate, is the
inspiration of the true reformer. He is never hopeless. He is
a pessimist as to conditions, but an optimist as to possibilities.
Even now these questions are being grappled ivith. We are
thrilled with faith in the "increasing purpose" that runs
through the ages as we look upon the forces that are battling
for the world's redemption,
llrst arc those which direct their efforts to the reform of
the individual. ChtistianUy, with agencies organized for effec
tive work as never before, is carrying the message of cliarity
in to the richest homes, and piercing with a ray of hope the
slums of "Darkest England." Education of many kinds, train
ing schools of art and skill, homes to reclaim the vicious and
the drunkard but why enumerate these influences? They are
isany, active, tireless, growing. Even with the social organi
zation as it is, much can be done for the world's improvement,
by arousing in this individual habits of thrift and sentiments of
honor. Regeneration must come from within. Merit, ever
rising from among its fellows, grumbling at their unjust
fates, leaches over and over the lesson:
"The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars,
BvU in ourselves, that vrq drc und.crHugs,"
JUS
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