me NEBRASKAN. Voi VII. UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, LINCOLN, DECEMBER 5, 1898. Fkiok 5 Cents. ATA CHANCELLOR M TAIN'S ADDRESS. Delivered in Chapei before Occasion of the Second HOW SHALL ANNEXED TERRITORY BE QOVERNED? Some Suggestions for the Solution Will Confront America. On the occasion of the opening of the- second term of the Law School, Chancellor McLuln, of the law depart ment of the Univcralty of Iowa, deliv ered mi address dealing with the prob lems connected with the government of annexed territory by the United States. The address was enthusias tically received by all the students Illtlti i;ifiiiu liiifiiu iiiiu fill tii.ijiui. Chnccllor Me Lain said in part: Wo ought to understand very clearly Unit capacity for government, especi i1...t ......1.1 ..........1 I., II. i... ..I. ,.....! ally for government of other people, Is not the only test of civilization. People have attained a high -position in the arts mid sciences and literature and all that goes to make life noble and worth-while, without demonstrat ing any special aptitude for public af fairs; and in these directions the English-speaking people have by no means as yet established any marked pre eminence. Even in the ordinary way of living comfortably and happily their supremacy is by no means as sured. We are In some measure still lwcbarians as compared with the races of the continent oT Kuro pe; and 1 am not sure that we arc not better). lint it Is true that one of the strong est of the human desires is for individ ual liberty, and one of the strongest human impulses is toward the develop ment of a government, which shall give in the largest practicable measure this freedom of the individual citizen. And In this Held there seems to be no Ques tion as to the supremacy of the English-speaking peoples and the general comparative excellence of the institu tions which have been developed among them. And If we shall look at the Anglo-Saxon races and their insti tutions as excmplillcd in English his tory, as compared with the l.u tin races, ami the institutions which they have worked out on the continent of Europe I think we shall have no hesitation 'n entertaining the greatest respect, and admiration for what the descendants or that little body of Tiilonle people which went to England in Hie Fifth and Sixth centuries and duri'iig succeeding- centuries esatbllshed absolute dominance over the English isles, have accomplished within those marrow lim its. 1 am by no means inclined to give all the credit to the Anglo-Saxon blood The faculty with which in England the Scotch ami Irish have become the fore most of Englishmen and with which in America Cenuanis and Kciindlnuvinii'. and even people of races not Teutonic have become fully Imbued with the principles of what we choose to en. I Anglo-Saxon intitutions, demon sirates to my mind tnat the institu tions themselves and not the blond of those who live under tlu'in. have played a most Important part. First let us consider, however, for n moment, in what the excellence of Knglbdi government consists which bus enabled It more successfully than any otlu r government, to deal not only with colonies of its own people, but with alien races. The government of ( I rent llritain seems to be pre-eminent in its capacity to foster and protect i lie material prosperity of its subjects, io give to them the largest practical)!' degree of individual liberty, to estab lish and maintain law and order and to nrotect local self-government. Tne Heltons are like the Honinns in their iaNielt,v for great afVnlrs. but they ililVer from the Konians in the recogni tion of the rights of the people of an nexed territory to enjoy the lnrg-est measure possible of local well Deing. To rigintly appreciate the dillicultiies, real or Imaginary, which confront the United States in entering upon the task of governing annexed territory, it is necessary to consider some ques tions relating to the altitude o this country towiurd foreign countries, as well as' the peculiarities of its internal institutions. As the first of tnese mav well be mentioned want, haw been vaguely designated as the American policy, involving freedom from foreign alliances and exclusion of foreign Eu ropean nations from any further ex tension of their influence in a he west ern liemispliere. When Washington, in his farewell address, warned his the Law College on the Opening of the Term. of the Vexed Problems which The Address in Part. countrymen amiinst. Comlm, ...,,. ,-i., ments he uttered words the wisdom at which has never been fully recognized. There have been ambitious statesmen who wished for us a wider sphere of inlliicnce. It was once urged that we should join European powers in mould ing tile future of Africa; but wisely, as it seems to mo, we have refrained from undertaking any enterprise in volving the permanent exercise of pow er beyond our own territory. We have not hesitated, however, to assert our rights as a member of the family of nations to equal privileges with other nations anywhere on the earth's per iphery. Hue it seems seir-evldent that it would be unwise for us to enter into alliances offensive and defensive with any power. Wo could not for a. mo ment think of taking up another's quarrels and we must therefore be pre. pared to maintain single handed any quarrel which may be forced upon us. I see no reason, however, why our an nexed territory should expose us io quarrels with foreign states. It is not likely that any foreign nation will seek to take from us nny territory ovr wli ieli our sovereignty lias been estab lished. , In at lest one way It seems to me the possession by the United States of outlying territory will make for pYaee. We have been so secure in our rciuot". iiess from other powers mid our coin pact news of domain that we have been inclined, by reason of our supposed security, to take rather a belligerent attitude in our relations with other countries. If we can realize that we are not invulnerable, even though In vincible, we may perhaps more fully realize that our true "policy must ever be to maintin peace, and to foster among all nations the growl li of re pugnance for win and violence. The Monroe doctrine which haw been put on a substantial footing tliroug-h its recognition by (irean llritain in the Venezuelan controversy, has so little justification in any principles of inter national law that it cannot, have bc.Mi acquiesced in b, our ncigiihors with extensive territory to the north with out a realizing sense of the advantage to her. with referenice to her European rivals, of a firm establishment of a rule which would exclude them from any serious threat of eiiuroachiticnt upon Hritish possessions on this coiitlueu'. The fact that the announcement if this Monroe doctrine was originally made at the Instance of ( treat ilrtain as against Spain and her allies and was at the time entirely satisfactory to her. Hut the most serious objection which seems to be made as to the abil ity of the United State to successfully govern annexed territory, is, to put it bluntly, just this: We are incapable of wisely governing onreslves, and there fore, n fortiori, incapable oi govern ing anybody else. And especiaiiy II is strongly urged, are we incapinble if governing alien or subject races. And l't must be confessed that our experi ence With the Indians and the negroes is not reassuring. I hardly think anyone here would insist t lut t this people Is inherently less qualified for affairs of government than' other English speaking peoples, nor that our theory of self-government has been demonstrated to be a fail ure in practical results. It will hardly lie claimed that our instiitutlons arc o notoriously bad that it would be inhu man and unchristian to extend them into any territory where they have not already been introduced. 'I i.c local government in some of our large cltlis and in some of our small ones as well, Is far from ideal. If It is said that we first ought to govern ourselves before we attempt to govern others, It mny fairly be sug gested flint the order of our develop ment mny not 'be entirely for us to de termine. ' If you try to mnke your boy a perfect little gentleman, careful of his clothes and his flng-er nails, before you allow him to have nny interests outside of the family, or come in con tact in any way with the broader nf falrs of life, you will prolwbly either make a little prig of him, wholly use- ess for any larger purpose, or give him up as it. flat failure. Don't remit your efforts as to clothes and linger nails, but on the other hand trust something to the beneficial effect of larger and stronger influences. A months association with a hero or a mint of alVairs, or a sweetheart, mny do more to make a mini of him than all your precepts. The real problem which eon from s us lit dealing with annexed territory occupied by alien races is to determine whether our institutions ean practic ally be adapted to circumstances so radically dlil'ereut to those under which they have thus far been devel oped. The people of the thirteen coll ides were reasonably homogeneous. Is it not possible that In the cIVort to deal with territory the Inhabitants of which arc confessedly uoi capable of self-government we shall reach a more satisfactory method of dealing with those of our own people who are also incompetent to trovcrn them- selvesV It is a republican government: wincn our rattier contemplated, a gov erninent by olllcers exercising the dis cretion of wise rules, not a govern ment of unrestrained majorities. What, then, is to be (be method of governing those 1 nimbi hints of Ari zona and New Mexico, who are still little above the conditions of peonage the Indians and Esquimaux of Alaska, the natives, the Chinese and the Japan ese of the Sandwich Islands, the ne groes of Porto llleo, and If we acquire a portion or all of the Philippines, the ncgrltos, Malays. ;Inpancse and Chi nese of those Islands? Plainly, wo should, if possible, establish for each a government which will secure law iiml order, and thereby secure to each individual his civil rights. Then for our own safety and stability of the rv Hi'' "wwiiil mm ink1 .til . . y.vuWim Wk CAI'TAIlt OUUII.Iif,, IIAICtAIIII. governments which wn set up, such local participation in government as the people nre capable of exercising. Then we should we to it that there Is religious iineriy mm mm -n"' s extended among them as rapidly i.s possible. For all these things our gov ernment and our civilization niiiht stand as guaranty . The question or citizenship is per haps the one Involving the most seri ous t lpllcatlons. Hut citizenship has acquired in the United States in its commonest use a inclining quite dllYer ent from that which it. lias among civ ilized nations as the term is used hi international law. All the subjects or n civilized state are entitled to its pro- tectlon, and the term citizen does not necessarily mean tbat the person thus . .. . . . .. , ric iimi 1 111 r iiiii k - . i i. . described ownes no allegiance to i i.Yidmnce lo )Ut ln civilization again other sovereign nnd Is subject to the , , ,t j t ,, ,t ,t ()U, We laws of. the state. All the Inhabita. ' h t , d ,LlkV(! , or annexed territory, no matte w v , "I , llho their race or color, will f Mlol tl ly ;.,',', .,.;en(1ll,r( of t,,,e Missouri become citizens of the United States when they are accepted as its subjects, and thnt acceptance will be determined by the treaty under which the terri tory is annexed, in the absence of ex press provision, all who are allowed lo remain within such territory and elect to do so, undoubtedly 'become citi zens and entitled to tho civil rights guaranteed to its subjects by our con stitution. Moreover, nil who are born within the territory of the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof will, by virtue (if the first sen tence of the fourteenth amendment, become subjects by virtue of this spc clfln declaration. (Continued on pnyo 4lj FROM THE PH1LLIPINE ISLANDS Short Letter From Lieutenant Phil Russell. Eager for Peace and Return to the Land of Civilized Han OTHER 1TEHS OF The Vaudeville Program With ducing Performances. - - Office of Brigadier General Hughes, No. .', Calle Ileal, Manila. 1 1., Oct. a.'), 18U8.--.My Dear Mr. Townc: Tills matter of Tiie Nebraskaii lias been on my mind ever since we entered Manila, for I've been dead crazy to get Univer sity news and so far havu't bad the slightest item. This is the first year within my memory that I have known absolutely nothing of what was going on In foot ball. The campaign: ex circinent is at low ebb just at the pres ent stage of the game initl the Inter ests of college life are uppermost In my mind. Though J can't take any part in that life my interest in it is on the in crease rather than waning, and five o'clock never rolls around without bringing thoughts of the activity on. the campus at that time and the lucky fellows that are part of It. The big git m cm are played away from homo, OtTliAM). PENNSYLVANIA are they not? But T can imagine the push in the Cot-op waiting for the, re turns, and ha-j. Ua'ny means of know ing the result; (if the Kansas game,-, for instance, I should certainly celebrate in. the good old fashioned way, though we can't cut duty as we did classes. Affair are dtfuldedly stagnant here just now. Aguliialdo has been ordered to take his troops further back front .Manila, and yet he shows no sign of obeying. There's a chance that we may have an opportunity to drive him, here's hoping. The Paris commission is not popular here. They won't sot- tie matters and trive rncie Mini a hnt. tmntrino that will cover your sub Rcrlptlon price. I wish you'd send' me the back- files for thin year. T nm In flic tisunl condition of a soldier two weeks before pay dny, but If the foot bnll fund is shy or -some other of the numerous things thnt are usually on deck, let me know, and I'll stand for ten. Sincerely, rniL. W. TtUSSELL. ,. ft V if l,,-,-,.. AVe'vc been in some rood mixes i m-m-m to oe uenveo trout atJiinfie and the University men among the en-. woj'K .""' " i"Wff f records is ted men of the First Nebraska havq ' Il11' l K-huh e plnycrt In the " ',',.. et,.(v gymnasium upon every Monday and 1)roven then stun. Wednesday evenings. These gam-n T enclose a money order I r do f ,! sbould draw lnnu 1 linvoll'T Vmil- lot.TCI Hit, liatUl. . ,..'... , Boys SPECIAL INTEREST. Its Complete List of Mirth Pro-x Echo of the Iowa Game. The following Is the program for tha Football Vaudeville Show to be given In the chnpel Friday evening, Decem ber i)th: Overture By the Cadet Band, Earl Wehne, Director. Stcbblns In a. marvelous exhibition of club swinging and juggling. Lincoln As M'lle Noir, Pavmler Donseiisc, a skirt dance with very little skirt. MeKlllip, (lillespic, Heghtol and Wil' lains, the .Musical Specialty Quartet. Woods The Hanjo l-'lend. Ltikcy Ventriloquist "- " Hill and Hooper The n.i.a of.-'ie Iron Horse in their trick bicycle rid lug and balancing. Sumner and Sherman In their orig inal, inimitable and laughable coined v sketch, "Tlie Blind Bard and the Dig ital and Draughtsman." Cuseadden and Manchester In their clever turn, "Hypnotic Ucvclatlons." Olio (a) Knt ni uce of tne Landlord; the plaintive prayer, "Wo wish our rent, was paid." (b) The quartet re turns from Kansas, "Three cheers for the team that won the Kansas game." (e) All join in the "Hot Time." (d) The washerwoman's chant, introduc ing the great "Ahem" song, (e) Mny fTn'iir.s-l'eAg"Ouiig. trR-lf' uriiui-ija...' accompaniment, (f) Challenge "Cake Walk," led by Turner. Seats for vaudeville on sale and re served at the "coop," University Knse- nent. Seats r() ecu Us. SWELL 'IT KNOUTS. One of the most gorgeously decora ted turnouts was the tally-ivo which bore the members of the Nebraska chapter of the Alpha Tan Omega fra ternity from Lincoln. Every blessed mother's son of them wore the scarlet and the cream, and the huge white chrysanthemums, ecu tered with red en runt Ions, adorned each palpitating bosom. It was dur ing the carnage that the Alpha Tan did its most rohtifr't rooting. Politic", Nebraska's left end, is a member of this fraternity, and his star work set his admiring conferees wild. In the party were .Messrs'. Humphrey, Brown, Hewitt, CI uver, Morrison, Mumiiu, Ar nold. Lefler, Marley, with their guests, (lordon and Martin. An exceptionally coterie of manly, handsome young Xchitiskuus. Trainiifg has already begun in the gyninatsluin for the field day in Hie spring. Captain Benedict of the track tain is inarshalllng the old men to gether and looking tip new material, of which therein not n little in school this year. There iwi plenty of places for those who are ambitious to make a record. The records in some of our races, especially the hurdles and also the htimmcr-throw and shot put, should be broken this year. Wesleynn already claims the hurdles r.nd the half mile and mile runs. W. E. Anderson received n letter last week- from Ira Kellogg of company B, First, regiment of Nebraska Volun teers. He said that he and .Tewitt IkkI neither of them been sick n day since leaving Lincoln. He attributed it to the fact that both were in excellent condition when they left here, just be fore our field day. There are other gt' tutors. A little encouragement from the. audience adds much to the soort nnd the quality of the game. V, O'Mnhoney lias offered another $20 mednl to the winner of the outdoor rentaithloii this year. This trophy !s the only one, which is given for indi vidual work nnd is worth a yenr's training. Last year there were only five, contestants. The man who wins It this year will have Ho work for it. ant cut uismst c crowd or snee-