Starting.
In all Hprlnta the start in ot utmost
lmiKntanoe. Mnny rncos are prac
tically soMloil during tho first Rcoonel
after tho pistol shot.
Two things are necowwiry for n. good
start, first, to respond ns quickly na
losible ito alio report of the pistol, and
second, to get under full speed ns soon
after starting as postlhlo.
A man might bo able to mako a move
ment with oxcoptlonnl quickness aftor
hearlnK 'the pistol and still bo quite
unable to got Into his stride rapidly,
and ho might be bonton In tho slant
by a slower man who understood the
art of getting up speed quickly.
The first element that was mentioned,
Uvat Is, to respond qulokly to a ntlm
ulus, lias rofweneos to certain pro
cesses ithat go on Inside a man, and
which are partly montnl und partly
physical. A man hoars a pistol shot,
in other words tho vibrations of nlr
strike on th drum ot his oar. They
sot up a nervous current -which at once
travels to tho brain. Currents are at
unco dispatched to tho muscles, which
contrnct soon aftor receiving the stim
ulus. This takes time, currants trav
elling rathor slowly over norvo fibres,
and not nearly so fast as electrical cur
rents. These Jiorvous oporatlons are
performed quicker In some pooplo than
others, so that some people are natur
ally quicker than others. But prac
tice will quickly lessen the time re
quired to respond ito the pistol shot.
It must, however, bo practice of a cer
tain definite character. Do your best
every time. This Is Imperative. Give
your whole attention to it, clinch your
hands, set your teeth, think of nothing
else but tho action you are about to
make Do not think of the pistol shot,
think of the movement to be made.
There are good reasons for this loth
practical and theoretical.
There Is nnothor matter where ef
fort and practice will accomplish much,
that Js, In reg-ard to the aotual con
traction of tho muscles thomsolvcs.
There Is a small fraction of a second
after a muscle gets its stlmulous -to
contract before It actually does so.
This is called the "latent period." A
large stimulus to n muscle will make it
contract not merely harder, but quicker
than a weak one. That Is, 'this latent
period Is shortened, so the stnrt is
quicker. Then, too. practice will short,
en this period.
Never practice long consecutively, it
does more harm than good. A half
dozen starts are enough. A great fault
with amateurs Is ithat they practice too
long, so ithat their nerves got tired and
they consequently get Into bad habits
and do careless work. Never practice
when you are tired or stale, It Is in
jurious and will only mako you slow.
To sum up what Is under this head,
pactlce' practice!! practice!!! Do your
best every time. Do not practice when
you are too tired 'to do your best work.
Think only of tho movement you are'
going to make. Make it with tre
mendous offort.
We now come to the second part,
getlng up speed. Under this bond we
must consldor the different styles of
the starts
JUMP START.
No J
Cut No. 1 represents the position
taken both for the ordinary "Jump"
start and for the so-called "Yale" stant.
The objection to tho position Is that it
Is very difficult to hold, the base being
very small. A runnor is so liable to
lose his balance while waiting for the
pistol, and thus not be prepared to go
when tho right time comes, or stop over
the lino and be put back a yard. If
one could stand flat-footed, it would on
large the base, but this cannot be done.
This position is especially risky for a
No 1 a
nervous man Cut No la represents
the first stride of the Jump start. Note
the difficulties: First, the arms are not
used in the start, for they are found
in the same position as before Second,
the runner must Jump from both legs
to make up for this doflolonoy, most of
tho offort being thrown upon one part
of his body, via., tho logs. Third, the
possibilities of Jumping too ftir or not
far enough, and hus not secure n bal
ance Other things being right, the
second stride will bo a good one.
YAM5 STABT.
No 2 a.
To moot tlioxi .iKHoultlcs and vot use
the same position, the "Ynle" start was
designed. Cut No 'Ja. roprownts the
firm stride. The front leg has advanced
about eluhteen Inches, and arms are
swinging as in a regular stride. The
balance Is never lost as In the first ono,
and the start doe not simply depend
upon tho effort of the legs.
UAnvAnn.
No. 3.
Cut No. .1 ivpresents tho so-called
Harvard start It Is the same position
except that tho opposite arm Is for
ward. Hence tho arms and legs are In
tholr proper relation from the be
ginning. The effort ef "getting off" Is
No .1 a.
not nearly so gre-at ns In No
No. Ha represents the stride.
n 1 1, rruu en
1 Cut
No -I
Cut No. i lvproBonts he full crouch.
Advantages: First, a large bnse. Few
false starts are made from this posi
tion. Second, the arms are used. Cut
No 4 a
No. 4a ill show th lr position in the
first, but jou will notice that there is
a tendency to bend the one coming for
ward, hence shortening the lovor.
Third, the snap or the back. A new ele
ment Is brought In hare. In that the
half cnoucn.
No. C.
body is flexed upon the legs. Thus the
powerful muscles of the book are
ay, Mti -w"gyiih''t''iiBiiifl
MPN v " TstAWasWsK;
IjtMft. vwywrj
HEtoM rl .-.35
jHLE iL4- ryi
IBErWHMjPI
brought Into play In wising the trunk
To gt o more leverage with the arms,
cut No. r, known ns the half crouch,
has boon designed. Here you havo nil
the advantages of bnse. spring of log
swing of arms, and snap of back. Cut
No R n
No. r.a. represents the first stride. It
Is proving very popular and is surely
very safe
A porson who oxpoets to sprint next
year ought to bo practicing in the gym
nasium during the Tin tor. It Is a bad
thing to practice wl'.h tho snme starts
all the tlmo, for yeiu will get used to
his method, nnd so ,vlll be thrown out
when you come to a new man. One
of the best ways to practice Is to have
some one light a firecracker and hold It
where you cannot jce 'It, or light it
yourself and drop It nn the floor behind
you, then wait for t. There Is abso
lutely no element ol certainty I" this
nnd there Is no suol thing as beating
the pistol In this way. This might be
a, good way to start 'aces, using a can
non cracker, of omrse. From the
Physical Fducator. by permission.
lTTnoN
HftttflfftQ
iu . K.'f .lv a
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