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|3 VA7Associated Press Nelaraskan t. a, 11 ¥ W cl Edited by Jennifer O Cilka Thursday) Apri| 4> 1991 Iraq must disarm U.N. adopts gulf resolution UNITED NATIONS - The Secu rity Council on Wednesday adopted a resolution forcing a defeated Iraq to its knees and dictating destruction of its chemical, germ and nuclear war fare capabilities. If Iraq accepts the resolution, a cease-fire in the Persian Gulf war automatically takes effect. Iraq’s U.N. envoy called the reso lution “outrageous” and “one-sided” but did not indicate that his govern ment would refuse to comply with it. Under pressure, Baghdad accepted all previous council resolutions. “This resolution is tough but it is fair,” U.S. Ambassador Thomas Pick ering said. A provisional truce has prevailed on the battlefield since the ground war ended in late February. The resolution, approved 12-1, would strip Iraq of its biological and chemical weapons, nuclear-weapons grade materials and most ballistic missiles under U.N. supervision. Among other provisions, the meas ure calls for U.N. peacekeeping troops to be deployed in the region, making possible the withdrawal of the allied troops that defeated Iraq. Fighting ended Feb. 28 between Iraqi and allied armies after Saddam ’ s forces were driven from Kuwait. But the destruction of much of the Iraqi ruler’s army encouraged revolts by Kurds in northern Iraq and Shiites in the south. France urged the Security Council to get involved in efforts to halt the civil war, but President Bush said Wednesday he had no intention of permitting IJ.S. forces to gel involved in Iraq’s civil strife. “I do not want to see us get sucked into the internal struggle in Iraq,” Bush told reporters in Florida, where he was vacationing. President Francois Mitterrand had said earlier that the Security Council should condemn Iraq for its repres sive actions against Kurdish rebels or risk losing political and moral author ity. He said the U.N.-ordered embargo on trade with Iraq should not be lifted until Baghdad halts repressive meas ures. Iraq on Wednesday announced the capture of the northern city of Suleirna niyah and a rebel spokesman in Syria confirmed the city had fallen. The spokesman, Kamal Fuad of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, also said government troops had recap tured Zakho, on the Turkish border. Iraqi authorities had announced cap ture of the town on Monday. Key conditions that Iraq must agree to under a new Security Council resolution declaring a permanent cease-fire in the Persian Gulf War: • Iraq must destroy its chemical and biological weapons and ballistic missile systems with a range of more than 150 kilometers (93 miles) under U.N. supervision and forswear future development or acquisition of such arms or of nuclear arms. • An arms embargo on Iraq remains in effect. • Confirms previous decision to relax bans on sending food to Iraq. Trade ban remains in effect until Iraq has complied with the disarmament provisions. • Iraq is held liable for damage resulting from its invasion and occupation of Kuwait. A fund drawing from Iraq's oil revenues will be created to pay claims. • U.N. military observers are to monitor a demilitarized zone reaching six miles into Iraq and three miles into Kuwait. • Iraq must declare that it will not "commit or support" international terrorism. • Iraq and Kuwait must respect boundaries set in 1963 treaty. • Iraq is called on to cooperate with the Red Cross in repatriating Kuwaitis and others detained during the war. A p Sources: Bush approved aid to Iraqi rebels WASHINGTON - President Bush signed secret orders in January au thorizing the CIA to aid rebel factions inside Iraq, around the time he was publicly exhorting the Iraqi people to overthrow Saddam Hussein, intelli gence sources said Wednesday. The orders, known as an intelli gence “finding,” were described as granting broad and general authority for clandestine activities to under mine the rule of President Saddam Hussein and to support efforts by opposition forces inside Iraq, said the sources, speaking only on condition of anonymity. Bush, speaking to reporters as he wound up a four-day Florida vaca tion, declined to comment on the matter, saying he never talks publicly about intelligence matters. But he reiterated that the United Slates will not now intervene militar ily to protect Iraq’s minority Kurds and Shiites from a brutal quashing of their uprising against Saddam. “I do not want to see us get sucked into the internal struggle in Iraq,” the president said. It could not be immediately learned to what extent the CIA authority might have been used. NBC News reported Tuesday that the Voice ol Free Iraq, a clandestine anti-government radio station, operated during the Kuwait conflict under CIA financing. - *4 - / do not want to see us get sucked into the internal struggle in Iraq. President Bush -ft - Bush recently sidestepped report ers’ questions about any contacts between the United States and Iraqi rebels. And, asked about such col laboration at a congressional hearing two weeks ago, Defense Secretary Dick Cheney said only, ‘That’s a subject I can’t get into in open scs sion.” If the authority has been used to aid the rebels, it would add concrete actions to the verbal encouragement Bush and other administration offi cials have given rebels to overthrow their president. Critics have accused Bush of mis leading resistance groups into believ ing the United States would come to their aid if they challenged Saddam’s rule. On Feb. 15, Bush suggested that “the Iraqi military and the Iraqi people (should) take matters into their own hands to force Saddam Hussein the dictator to step aside.” In January, while saying it was not U.S. policy to target Saddam, Bush had declared, “no one w ill weep when he is gone.” As recently as March 19, Bush suggested that Iraq’s continuing use of helicopter gunships to put down revolt wouid “make it very, very complicated in terms of bringing about a final cease-fire.” But he has refused to allow U.S. forces to attack the helicopters. Kurdish and other dissident groups have said they feel betrayed by the United States as Saddam’s forces have brutally re-established control over cities in rebel strongholds and created a flood of refugees fleeing what they fear is an impending mass slaughter. Iraqis recapture cities; millions of refugees flee DIANA, Iraq - Iraqi troops re captured two northern cities, but Kurdish rebels Wednesday claimed to still hold the countryside. Des perate civilians reported coming under fire as they fled into Iraq’s rugged northern mountains. International relief workers es timated that between 2 million and 3 million people have fled their homes in northern Iraq, where the month-old Kurdish rebellion is being crushed by Saddam Hussein’s troops. In the snowcapped mountains bordering Iran and Turkey, the refugees faced hunger and expo sure, and said they had been the target of indiscriminate attacks by government forces. “We need help. The helicopters are killing us. We have no food. We will die,” said one young woman engineer, her voice choked with emotion. The rebels have repeatedly appealed for assistance from the United States and its partners in the coalition that defeated Iraq, but President Bush said Wednesday there would be no involvement of U.S. forces. “I do not want to see us get sucked into the internal struggle in Iraq,” Bush told reporters in Flor ida. The Stale Department said the United Stales would urge the U.N. Security Council to move swiftly to assist the refugees. Scattered fighting continued in both the north of Iraq, where the Kurds arc rebelling, and the south, where Shiite Muslims staged an uprising, the Stale Department said. Department spokeswoman Margaret Tutwiler said more rein forcements were being sent north ward. “Clashes continue even in areas where the government has a heavy military presence,” she told reporters. Iraqi leaders urged Kurdish civilians to return home, promis ing most had nothing to fc&r. A statement on Baghdad radio, is sued after a meeting of Saddam and key officials, said only those who had committal crimes or taken arms against the government would be punished. NetSra&kan Editor Eric Planner Night News Editors Pat Dlnslage 472-1766 Kara Wells Diversions Editor Connie Sheehan Professional Adviser Don Walton Photo Chief William Lauer 473-7301 The Daily Nebraskan(USPS H4-080) is published by the UNL Publicat'Ons Board, Ne braska Union 34, 1400 R St., Lincoln, NE, Monday through Friday during the academic year, weekly during summer sessions. Readers are encouraged to submit story ideas and comments to the Daily Nebraskan by phoning 472-1763 between 9 a m. and 5 p m Monday through Friday. The public also has access to the Publications Board For Information, contact Bill vobejda, 436 9993 Subscription price is $45 for one year Postmaster Send address changes to the Da>iy Nebraskan Nebraska Union 34, 1400 R St .Lincoln, NE 68568-0448 Socond-class postage paid at Linooln, NE _ALL MATERIAL COPYRIGHT 1991 DAILY NEBRASKAN_ Albanians mourn leader’s death SHKODRA, Albania - Tens of thousands of people massed in this grim industrial city Wednesday to honor a “martyr for democracy” and pledged to destroy the Communists they blame for his killing. At least 50,000 people packed the central square and surrounding streets for the funeral of a local leader of the opposition Democratic Party and two others killed Tuesday, two days after Albania’s first multiparty elections in six decades. The slayings, which occuTed dur ing a rally outside Communist head quarters, provoked widespread anger in Shkodra and elsewhere in Albania. “People of Shkodra, you are the victims of the Communist system of a state that wants to kill its citizens,” Sail Berisha, a Democratic Party leader, declared. Many in the crowd pledged to end Communist rule, while relatives talked of revenge. The Democratic Party urged a general strike Thursday in protest. Relatives of Arbcn Broci, 24, and the two others killed Tuesday, brought the bodies to the square, wrapped in Albanian flags without the Commu nist star. Signs read “Arben is not dead,” and “The martyr for democracy.” Many in the crowd saluted them by raising their hands in the V-sign that has become the symbol of the Democratic Party. They chanted, “We don’t want communism! No! No! No!” The Democrats captured the hopes and imaginations of the young and the city-dwellers. But rural voters stayed with the Communists’ Party of Labor, which won Sunday’s election, taking 162 of250seats in the People’s Assembly. The Democrats won 65 seats. The Communists had kept the country of 3.2 million people isolated for decades, but President Ramiz Alia has introduced some reforms. The new parliament must try to pull Albania out of the economic desperation that has led tens of thou sands to flee over mountains or jump ships to (lee across the Adriatic Sea to Italy. Democratic Party leaders, clearly surprised by their lopsided loss, have urged their supporters to avoid vio lence and declared that the Commu nists will fall anyway within months. They have rejected suggestions by Alia that they enter a coalition gov ernment with the Communists. The Democrats overwhelmingly won in Shkodra, but protesters rallied late Monday and Tuesday morning in front of Communist Party headquar ters, saying Communists had tried to rig the vote. Eyewitnesses said Broci, who was in front of the Communist headquar ters, facing the crowd, was shot in the back as he appealed for calm. But no one could say who fired the shot. The two others, Bujar Zerberi and Besnik Ceka, apparently died in a bloody clash with police that fol lowed. Soviets increase exchange rate MOSCOW - The Soviet Union yielded to black market pressure Wednesday, offering more than four times more rubles for a dollar on a key exchange rate and pushing the Soviet currency toward use in inter national trade. The change in the foreign exchange rate for tourists was a tacit admission that many travelers and Soviets arc bypassing the state bank in search of belter deals, depriving Kremlin cof fers of badly needed hard currency. Soviets said the higher cost of buying dollars — up from 5.8 rubles per dollar to 27.6 rubles — will pre vent many from traveling outside their country. The new rate, which comes the same week as stiff price increases and a new 5 percent sales lax, is roughly the rate available on the black mar ket. It was unclear if the black market rate would change. Foreign currency exchange offices in Moscow were closed Wednesday as employees besieged the Gosbank state bank for details of the sudden announcement. But one Western journalist reported changing money at the new rale in Kiev, the Ukrainian capital. “Closed for technical reasons,” said the sign at the Belgrade Hotel’s cur rency exchange office. But on the wall was a big chart giving new and improved ruble rates for 20 different foreign currencies. The ruble is all but worthless out side Soviet borders. Its artificially set rates and lack of convertibility have hampered Soviet efforts to join the world economy. The artificial rates have also prompted a flourishing black market at nearly every tourist spot in the Soviet capital. Foreigners arc asked to change money by some taxi driv ers, peddlers along the popular Arbat pedestrian mall and even inside a shop that sells Communist Party post ers.