M 1 fV £% C Associated Press
X w W Ljt SLJr 1 1m| %T^ L Edited by Victoria Ayotte
Hungary declared a democracy
BUDAPEST, Hungary -- Hungary
declared itself a democracy Monday,
33 years after Soviet troops crushed
an anti-Stalinist uprising, and chants
of “Russians go home!” and “Com
munism no more!” rose from a
crowd of 100,000.
Hungarian flags of red, white and
green waved over the throng, which
overflowed the Parliament square.
People cheered wildly in the torch-lit
plaza when participants in the upris
ing invoked memories of its leaders.
“It took 33 years for those behind
the thick walls to hear the cries” for
democracy, Jenoe Fonay told the
rally, referring to the recent official
change of heart about the nature of
the 12-day revolt that began Oct. 23,
1956.
The Soviet bloc’s bloodiest upris
ing was called counterrevolution
until early this year, when the official
description was changed to a popular
uprising in one of the dramatic moves
in Hungary’s progress toward de
mocracy.
As many as 32,000 people were
killed in 1956 and about 200,000 fled
the country.
Gyula Obcrsovszky, a writer and
editor who was sentenced to death but
later pardoned, said: “I am keeping
my fingers crossed for Gorbachev.”
The crowd called out ‘‘Gorby!
Gorby!”
* ‘History has taught us that as long
as Moscow is not free, we cannot be
free either,” Obersovszky said.
He expressed certainty that ‘‘the
suppression of the revolution would
not have taken place” if Mikhail S.
Gorbachev, the Soviet leader who
champions reform, and President
George Bush had led the superpowers
in 1956.
A banner proclaiming “Freedom,
Independence” was draped across
the main entrance of Parliament and
floodlights bathed the structure.
Gyoergy Krasso, a vocal opposi
tion figure jailed for his part in the
uprising, drew one of the strongest
ovations when he declared: “We’ve
had enough of Russian occupation!”
Without mentioning names, he
appealed to East European allies who
oppose reforms to “help us and not
make it more difficult.”
In Washington, State Department
spokeswoman Margaret Tutwilcr
said: “Declaring itself an independ
ent republic on the 33rd anniversary
of the popular uprising seems par
ticularly appropriate. We congratu
late the Republic of Hungary and its
people.”
Hungarian national TV broadcast
the entire rally, its cameras going
frequently from the cheering crowd
to the balcony with its large photo
graph of Imre Nagy, who led the 1956
revolt and was executed. Nagy’s
body was exhumed and reburied with
honor in June.
Some speakers recited patriotic
poems, including one that began:
4 ‘The streets of Budapest are running
with blood.”
The evening rally followed a proc
lamation by acting President Matyas
Szueroes formally declaring Hun
gary a democracy after 41 years of
communist rule.
Szueroes declared the communist
‘‘People’s Republic of Hungary”
dead from the balcony of Parliament,
to the applause of 100,000 people
who had filled the square by midday.
‘‘As of today, our nation’s . . .
name is the Republic of Hungary,”
be said, and church bells throughout.
the country pealed at noon.
---1—
Survivor improves; commuters
battle heavy traffic, weather
SAN FRANCISCO -- Freeway
survivor Buck Heim improved
Monday but crews searching the
collapsed highway where he was
rescued gave up hope others would
be found alive. The death toll from
last week’s earthquake climbed by
two to 61.
Bay area commuters, mean
while, conquered heavy traffic and
rough seas on the first full workday
since the quake.
“We’re very certain nobody's
up there alive. We’ve searched,
searched, researched, triple
searched,” said Oakland Police
Lt. Kris Wraa, referring to the
crumpled 1 1/4-mile stretch of
Interstate 880 where huge slabs of
concrete teetered in the rain.
Asked if officials had given up
hope of finding another survivor,
she said, “That’s fair wording.”
With rescue efforts suspended,
crews began dismantling a shaky
100-yard section, officials said.
Kyle Nelson of the California
Department of Transportation,
whose job is to make sure the struc
ture was safe for rescuers, called it
extremely dangerous. “Given the
right conditions of rain and wind, it
could have collapsed,” he said.
Commuters did return to the
earthquake-ravaged transit sys
tem, many boarding extra trains or
a flotilla of ferries because the Bay
Bridge from Oakland to San Fran
cisco remained closed.
The Bay Area Rapid Transit
system carried twice the normal
load and ferry passengers had to
stomach rough seas and whipping
winds, but there was little or the
feared gridlock on the roads.
“I’ve just been through hell,
but heck, I have to admit I made it
through it,” said John Trowbridge,
a commuter who normally would
have driven across the Bay Bridge
but instead rode a ferry that
lurched constantly, battling swells
that washed across the Up of the
boat.
“It can only get better, this
can’t get much worse,” he said.
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Kaisanjani otters hostage help tor treed assets
TEHRAN, Iran — President
Hashemi Rafsanjani on Monday of
fered help in getting Western hos
tages freed in Lebanon if the United
States releases billions of dollars in
frozen Iranian assets or helps settle
the cases of three kidnapped Iranians.
Rafsanjani said hostage-taking is
an “inhuman action” that can pro
duce no positive political results.
Eighteen Westerners, including eight
Americans, are believed lobe held by
pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon.
While Rafsanjani said his govern
ment was maintaining indirect con
tacts with Washington, his offer and
demands were not new.
White House press secretary Mar
lin Fitzwatcr said Rafsanjani’s com
ments did not change the U.S. posi
tion.
“We do not link the Iranian assets
to the hostages and we do not make
deals for hostages,” he said.
Christian Lebanese Forces mili
tiamen kidnapped the three Iranians
in north Lebanon in July 1982. The
missing are Ahmad Motevasclian,
commander of the contingent of Ira
jiian Revolutionary Guards based in
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This week comic BERT CH ALLIS makes his first visit
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the Bekaa Valley of east Lebanon;
Iranian Charge d’Affaircs Hussein
Musavi; and Kazem Akhavan, a cor
respondent for the Islamic Republic
News Agency.
Their Lebanese Shiite driver,
Rastegar Moqadam, who also held an
Iranian passport, was grabbed with
them at a Lebanese Forces check
point 25 miles north of Beirut. All
four are believed dead.
Lebanese Forces commander
Samir Geagea said in August 1988
that after he took over the militia in
1986 he found no trace of the missing
men and blamed his predecessor, Elic
Hobeika, for their disappearance and
apparent murder.
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472- 176®
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