Decisions regarding women
LAW from Page 4
not necessary for men and could not be
sustained.”
Equal Sufferago Amendment
to the U.S. Constitution (1920):
"The right of the citizens of the United
States to vote shall not be denied or
abridged by the United States or by any
state on account of sex.”
Adkins v. Children's Hospital,
1923 (U.S. Supreme Court): Con
gress permitted the District of Columbia
to enact and set minimum wages for
women and children. In striking down
the law the Court argued: ‘‘(T)he
ancient inequality of the sexes, other
wise than physical . . . has continued
"with diminishing intensity.’ ... we
cannot accept the doctrine that women
of mature age . . . require or may be
subjected to restrictions upon their
liberty to contract which could not
lawfully be imposed in the case of men
under similar circumstances.”
Civil Rights Act, Title VII
(1964): Title VII prohibited employ
ment discrimination on the basis of sex
in hiring, compensation, terms or condi
tions of employment, and union status.
Equal Rights Amendment (submitted
to the states in 1972): “Equality of
rights under the law shall not be
denied or abridged by the United States
or by the State on account of sex.” (The
Amendment did not grant the necessary
number of ratifying states even though
the original ratification deadline of
March 22, 1979 was extended to June
10, 1982).
Frontierov. Richardson, 1973
(U.S. Supreme Court): Air Force
Officer Sharron Frontiero could not
receive dependent’s benefits for her
husband on a par with those of male
officers for their wives; “Classifications
based upon sex, like classifications
based on race, alienage, or national
origin, are inherently suspect, and
must therefore be subjected to strict
judicial scrutiny ... it is clear that the
statutory scheme now before us is
constitutionally invalid."
Roe v. Wade, 1973 (U.S.
Supreme Court): “(The right to
privacy) whether it be found in the
Fourteenth Amendment’s concept of
personal liberty . .. (or) in the Ninth
Amendment’s reservation of rights to
the people, is broad enough to encom
pass a woman’s decision whether or not
to terminate her pregnancy.”
Taylor v. Louisiana, 1975 (U.S.
Supreme Court): Women had to
volunteer for jury duty in Louisiana,
men were simply called to duty: ‘‘The
Louisiana jury-selection system does
not disqualify women from jury service,
but in operation its conceded systemic
impact is that only a very few women
... are called for jury service.
“We are . . . persuaded that the fair
cross-section requirement (of a jury by
one’s peers) is violated by the system
atic exclusion of women ...’’
Pregnancy Discrimination Act
of 1977: Amends Title VII of the Civil
Rights Act to include discrimination
due to "pregnancy, childbirth, or re
lated medical conditions."
Meritor Savings Bank v. Vin
son, 1986 (U.S. Supreme Court):
An employer required sexual favors as
a condition of emplopyment: “Without
question, when a supervisor sexually
harasses a subordinate because of the
subordinate’s sex, that supervisor ‘dis
criminate(s)’ on the basis of sex (under
Title VII).... the language of Title VII
is not limited to ‘economic’ or ‘tangible’
discrimination. (Congressional intent
is) ‘to strike at the entire spectrum of
disparate treatment of men and
women.’ ”
Johnson v. Transportation
Agency of Santa Clara, March
25, 1987 (U.S. Supreme Court):
Two employees, one male another fe
male, were deemed ‘‘well-qualified” for
promotion. The male scored several
points higher on one exam, but the
difference in the scores were statisti
cally insignificant. The female was
promoted. The Court held that, provided
a determination has been made regard
ing underrepresentation of women in
the job category, an employer may
without violating Title VII adopt an
affirmative action plan which takes sex
into account in making employment
decisions.
Rotary International v. Rotary
Club of Duarte, June 1987 (U.S.
Supreme Court): California passed
a statute which required that Rotary
Clubs, among others, not discriminate
against women in membership decis
ions. Rotary International claimed that
the law violated first amendment pro
tections in the Constitution to freedom
of association and that therefore the
California law was unconstitutional.
The court held that there was only a
slight infringement on associational
freedom and a compeling state interest
in eliminating discrimination against
women and therefore upheld the Cali
fornia law.
Beck denies salary discrimination
By Mark Derowitsch
Staff Reporter
Despite the fact that those who
coach men’s sports at Nebraska make
an average of $15,008.33 more than
women’s coaches, women’s basketball
coach Angela Beck said that she doesn’t
feel that she is being discriminated
against.
“When most people take a look at
the salary issue they look at the situa
tion completely wrong," Beck said.
“Initially, I sat down with Bob Devaney
and negotiated my salary. (Men’s basket
ball coach) Danny Nee got what he
thought he deserved and l got what I
thought l deserved. It doesn't matter to
me what Nee got. All coaches work for
their own contracts. But I am very
satisfied with what I got and how I am
treated here.”
Beck said she knows that women's
basketball and other women’s sports
will never replace men’s sports as the
most popular. But she noted that she
was not hired to replace them.
"I feel that I don’t play second fiddle
to anyone,” Beck said. "I need to build
my program up. That’s what I was hired
to do. Men’s sports are the revenue
producing sports. And men’s football is
obviously the top sport here. Without
that, there probably wouldn’t be very
many other sports.”
“It’s a difficult issue to always try to
get as much as the men’s sports,” Beck
said. "1 don’t believe in equality, I
believe in quality. If I am constantly
competing with the men’s program. I'm
never gonna make it.”
One controversy about discrimination
at Nebraska came about two years ago
regarding the Hewitt Center. The center,
which is the training table for male
athletes, was built for men only. Beck
doesn’t see any problem with that
provided that her athletes get the
proper nutrition they need.
“I really don’t care that the Hewitt
Center is for men,” Beck said. "The
only problem is that sometimes the
women don’t get the late plate and are
left with leftovers after practice. Since
sometimes our practice is late, the
women miss meals all together. The
major thing is that they get all the
nutrition they need."
Beck said that a center for women
would be nice, but it is not necessarily
needed.
"I have a real problem treating the
student athlete extra special," Beck
said. "What matters is that they get
good food and all the things they need.
I don't want my basketball players
eating the same thing as the football
team. I just want to win and have kids
play the best they can. I’m not pushing
for our own center.”
' i mm 1 w
Daily Nebraskan File Photo
Nebraska women’s basketball coach Angela Beck
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