Weather: Monday, partly sunny and
((iniinat'd warm with a 20 percent chance
of laic afternoon thunderstorms, Ilijjh in
l lit uppers Nils. South wind 10 to 2(1 mph
and nusty. Monday night mostly cloudy
with a :til percent chance of thunder
storms, Low (id to ti."), Tuesday, cloudy and
cooler w ith a 20 percent chance of thun
derstorms. High near 77,
September 22, 1986
By Todd von Kampen
Senior Editor
NORTH PLATTE Democratic
gubernatorial candidate Helen Boosa
lis said here Sunday night Republican
Kay Orr's spending decisions as a state
official prove she's not a "fiscal
conservative."
Boosalis and Orr spent much time
attacking each other's position during
their second debate at North Platte
High School. The two answered ques
tions ranging from education to ground
water quality, but saved their ammuni
tion for the tax-and-spending ques
tions that have dominated the campaign.
Boosalis, whose pledge to improve
government services without a tax
increase has been questioned during
the campaign, connected Orr with an
average 13 percent yearly rise in the
state budget while she was former Gov.
Charles Thone's chief of staff and state
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Freshman l-back Terry Rodgers slips past an Illinois defender late in Saturday night's
59-14 Nebraska win. Rodgers, the son of former Husker Johnny Rodgers, gained 65
yards on 10 carries.
Nebraska running game
scalps Illinois, 59-14
Off -soi mare off in
Spending questions spark exchanges in forum
treasurer. She criticized "deficit spend
ing" in the treasurer's office, a request
by Orr's office for a 10 percent budget
increase in 1987-88 and Orr campaign
promises Boosalis said would cost $19
million.
"Where will my opponent find the
money to pay for an increase in her
department's own expenditures?" Boo
salis said. "Where will my opponent
find the money to pay for the many
promises she made during the cam
paign?" In response, Orr said the increase
represents state, aid for cities and
counties and her office returns some
its own operating funds each year. Dur
ing her term as Thone's chief of staff,
she said, the state income tax went
down from 18 to 13 percent in two
years. The present rate is 19 percent.
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"I don't know how Mrs. Boosalis
thinks a chief of staff operates in the
governor's office," Orr said, "but my
governor, Charley Thone, did not let the
chief of staff set policy. I certainly
didn't."
Later, Orr returned to the tax issue
when asked her position on LB662, the
school consolidation and finance law
that faces voter approval in November.
Although the law's supporters say its
one-cent hike in the state sales tax will
allow for property relief, she said,
LB662 neither guarantees such relief
nor raises enough money to cover the
bill's provisions. The sales tax would
have to be raised by another cent, she
said.
"A tax increase is a tax increase,
and no amount of wishful thinking is
going to make it any less than a tax
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Journey concert:
all fireworks, no flash
Arts &
second debate
increase," Orr said.
Boosalis, who supports LB662 as a
way to lower property taxes, said the
law can be changed by the legislature if
necessary because it's not a constitu
tional amendment. If voters approve
the law, she said, "it means they are
looking for property tax relief and they
would expect their governor to lead the
way to be sure the legislation is in
place."
4A tax increase is a
tax increase, and no
amount of wishful
thinking is going to
make it any less than
a tax increase.'
Orr
Higher education questions proved
to be less volatile than the tax issue.
When asked how she would improve
higher education, Boosais repeated a
Speaker traces route
of U.S. science history
By Kip Fry
Staff Reporter
Problems in today's national science
policy originally were created by scien
tists who did not follow any specific
policy in the 1940s, a professor of
science history said Thursday.
"Some of our national science policy
problems were caused not by choosing
the wrong policy, but they (scientists)
didn't follow any route at all," said
Robert F. Kargon of Johns Hopkins Uni
versity. "If they had chosen one path or
another (toward a governmental science
policy), they would have avoided prob
lems, but they didn't."
Karghon said the space shuttle
Challenger was an example of Congress
forcing NASA away from research, which
eventually and indirectly led to its
explosion in January.
Kargon's speech, "Uneasy Partner
ship: Science and Politics in 20th Cen
tury America," traced the; history of the
relationship between scientific research
and1 the American governmierit.
One model of this relationship was
the "foundation model". This deve
loped during the research revolution of
the 1880s and 1890s with people such
as Isaac -Newton, Kargon said. That
model saw the government acting only
as a facilitator to scientific research,
while funding came from private organ
izations and councils which governed
themselves, Kargon said.
At that time science was considered
as noble as the ministry, Kargon said.
In fact, many of those involved in
science were sons of ministers, he said.
But then people realized that science
was "a practical necessity for a moder
Entertainment, Page 9
Vol. 8Q No. 20
list of 10 proposals she presented dur
ing the first debate Sept. 5. The list is
headed by an emphasis on undergrad
uate education and less dependence
on tax dollars.
Orr said state government must give
higher education the money it needs to
operate, but colleges and universities
need to spend more efficiently. She
said she would "look at every way that
we can to take a scalpel to that
budget" while levels of state support
are being set.
Boosalis said the federal government
has caused many of agriculture's prob
lems and that "the mountains of sur
plus grain are a monument to the fail
ure of agriculture policy." Orr agreed,
but said the state can work to improve
export markets for agriculture and
create jobs in rural towns. She plans to
talk to President Reagan about Ne
braska's farm problems when he visits
Omaha Wednesday, she said. -
The debate, sponsored by the Ne
braska Press Association, was moder
ated by Alan Cramer, publisher of the
Wayne Herald. The third and final
debate between Orr and Boosalis i.s
scheduled for Oct. 6 at the studios of
Omaha television stations KETV.
Boosalis is scheduled to speak in the
Nebraska Union at 7:30 p.m. Monday
under the sponsorship of ASUN and
UNL's Young Democrats.
nizing nation," he said.
Another model, known as the NRA
(National Research Administrator)
model, evolved in the 1930's. This
model, spurred by the depression,
"entertained a restrained relationship
with the federal government," he said.
Grants and projects still came from
private institutions, however, and there
was a buffer from government interfer
ence, he said.
When the country was starting to
move toward World War II, Sen. Harley
Kilgore of West Virgfnia wanted to start
a government program for research,
Kargon said.
Another model was pushed into
existence by what Kargon called "fed
eralists," people from various groups
who formed a loose coalition of thought.
This model, supported in the Senatt ,
encouraged direction and control by
presidential appointees, giving science
a stronger connection with the federal
government. : ; . , , ' '
' . However, in the years shortly .after
World War II a number of different
commissions were inititated that never
really took off, Kargon said.
"That political wrangling left gov
ernment policy in a disarray," Kargon
said, "but no one was satisfied. Since
then the government and military have
filled the void."
Today in science "the winners are
those who most definitely play the pol
itical game," he said.
Kargon's speech was sponsored by
the UNL Research Council and the
Faculty Senate Convocations Commit
tee as a joint project with the depart
ments of history and physics and
astronomy.
