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Anti-smoking treatment may be hazardous to health
i w : . 1 ied the treatment the mote concerned he
thursday, September 29, 1977
By Sue Doerfler
Not only is smoking dangerous to a per
son's health, but a treatment called rapid
smoking, designed to help persons quit,
also may be hazardous, according to
John J. Horan, psychologist at the Division
of Counseling and Education at Pennsyl-
vania State University,
Participants in the rapid smoking pro
gram are required to inhale from their
cigarettes every six seconds until they
no longer are able to do so, Horan said.
During each period, which usually lasts five
to six minutes, they are able to smoke
about four, to five cigarettes, he said.
Horan has conducted two studies con
cerning the effects of the rapid smoking
treatment. Six participants were observed
during the eight sessions of the first study,
and 30 persons were monitored in the sec
ond. Horan said he has found as a result of
the treatment, persons experience dis
comfort afterward and have changes in'
their heart rates.
He also is concerned with the dosage
of nicotine that a person receives during
rapid smoking, he said. During the last
experiment, blood was drawn from the
participants, and is being analyzed for nico
tine level, he said.
Hazardous or innocuous
"We're still very concerned as to
whether it (the treatment) is hazardous or
innocuous," he said.
Horan said he began experimenting with
the rapid smoking technique because he
wanted to develop a treatment program
that was 90 per cent successful.
"My definition of success is no smok
ing" he said. "It's not a temporary thing."
Ninety per cent success in a smoking treat
ment is ideal, he said, but fifty per cent is
very good.
MMcr- (other) smoking programs are , . ,
failures " he said. From these treatments,
25 per cent of the participants stop
smoking and a few months later, only 13
per cent have quit, he said.
"The only exception to this is the rapid
mnVina treatment " he said. The success
rate immediately following the sessions is
about 100 per cent, he said, and 50 per
cent after a few months.
Effective technique
"It's the most effective.technique in the
statistical sense," Horan said, but he
questioned how effective it was if consider
ed a hazard. He said that the more he stud
ied the treatment the more concerned he
became with the hazards.
"All over the country, people are using
the technique," he said. They do not use
as many precautions and are not as con
vened with the dangers, he said.
Horan still is trying to develop a success
ful treatment program, and is experiment
ing with a "focused smoking", technique.
Participants look at "a blank wall and con
centrate on the unpleasant' aspects of
smoking, such as what the cigarettes are
doing to them, he said.
The University Health Center uses t
neither the rapid smoking nor the focus
ed smoking methods, but a five-day techni
que which employs motivation methods,
according to Garland Bare, health center
MD.
He gives students medical information
about smoking hazards and a psychologist
provides relaxation techniques, he said.
Alternatives
Alternatives to smoking such as drinking
fruit juice, are offered so participants will
be able to make it through the first five
days, he said.
Awareness of smoking is brought to a
conscious level, by requiring students to
write down when they smoke and what
their feelings are at the time he said.
"The real success : . . is if a person isn't
smoking a long time later " he said. Most
of the participants are not smoking one
year after the treatment, he said. '
The number of clinics depends on the
student demand, Bare said. During the last
three years, three groups have formed with
about ten students participating in each.
The next clinic will be scheduled when
ten students show an interest, he said.
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