thursday, august 28, 1975
daily nebraskan
page 13
Weekend lab studies can net students healthy pay
Bv Liz Crumley
A sacrifice of two weekends and a little
blood can net a healthy college student
between $40 and $120.
Drug studies, in which the subject is
paid, are, being performed by Harris
Laboratories in Lincoln. Almost 75 per
cent of the subjects are college students,
according to Ron Harris, president of
Harris Labs.
Two kinds of studies are done, he said.
The most common study, bio-equivalence,
compares the relative absorption rates of
two drugs into the body, Harris said,
adding that it is determined by body fluid
levels. It is measured most commonly by
blood samples, Harris said. The second
study tests a new drug.
'Marketing data
Bio-equivalence studies are done to
gainer data tor marketine fir aHvArtlcmn
O 'VI wo Jul if
purposes or to test a-drug which has been
on the market under a brand name. When
the patent expires on the drug, another
company is allowed to market it under
their own new brand name.
In the latter case, the Federal Drug
Administration (FDA) must give approval,
Harris said. He added that even though the
formula may be the same, the factors
surrounding manufacturing of the drue
may not be.
For example, Harris said, raw materials
or the humidity of the air when the tablet
is compressed may differ.
For this reason, a comparison study
between the new drug and the old drug
must be made to determine if absorption
rates are different, he said.
cases, does a cross-over study, he said. Half
the subjects receive the new drug and the
other half receives the old one. The next
weekend the procedure is reversed.
20 needed
Harris said about 20 subjects are
required for each study. Each is required o
come to the testing center the night before
the experiment begins, usually about 10
p.m. Friday, to control diet.
The drug is administered at 6 a.m. or 7
a.m. the next day and blood samples are
taken at predetermined intervals, Harris
said. For the next 24 hours the subject is
confined, he said.
The next week the subject comes back
and is given a second drug.
The amount of money Ihe subject
receives per study, Harris said, depends on
how many blood samples are taken and
The lab is given both drugs and, in most
Business burglary alarm system
False alarms trouble Lincoln police
By Lisa Brown
The Lincoln Police Department answers
20-25 burglary alarms each week, 99 per
cent of which are false, according, to
Lieutenant Bob Lattimer, police
communications director.
Lattimer said businesses can subscribe
to one alarm system which is installed by a
private company and connected to the
Police Communications Office.
The system notifies police of trouble in
the store with either a yellow light or red
light and buzzer.
Police answer both signals, he said, but
they answer the yellow trouble light, which
tells police there is trouble within the
system, with one police unit, while they
answer the red emergency alarm
immediately with as many as five units.
Accidental alarms
The false alarms are caused by janitors
and other workers who accidentally trigger
alarms near entrances and vaults, Lattimer
said. Most of the alarms are red emergency
alarms, he said.
Lattimer said he could remember only
two armed robberies in the last four or five
years, and that both robbers had been
caught.
The alarms are costly and take men
away from their districts where they might
be needed for an actual emergency, he said.
"When a citizen calls the police he or
she wants an officer right now, and doesn't
like to wait because officers are tied up
investigating possibly the fourth false alarm
that day," Lattimer said.
One store has about four accidental
alarms every month, he said.
Business alarms
Among the businesses subscribing to
one of the two alarm systems are banks,
savings and loans and jewelry stores, as well
as court rooms and several offices in the
County-City Building, Lattimer said.
Depending on the size, layout and
number of entrances of a building,
Lattimer said, as many as five units may be
used to answer some alarms. Police dogs
are taken in most cases, he said.
Responding to a call, police use a
loudspeaker to alert anyone inside a
building to come out before they send the
dogs in, and then they send the dogs in to
search the store, he said.
In large stores it takes about an hour to
an hour-and-a-half for police to investigate
entrances, windows and the entire interior
including clothes racks, closets and
displays.
Great aid
Lattimer credited the dogs as being
fantastic workers and said they were a
great aid. This year police caught four
people inside buildings, he said.
The business managers are called after
each search, Lattimer said, and must come
down and reset the alarm system when it's
a red alarm. In case of a yellow alarm, the
managers are notified and come to the
building if they want.
Even though the high percentage of
false alarms is costly in money and
manpower, he said, it is still better to have
the alarms and possibly save someone's life
or property than to not have them at all.
In some cities police charge businesses a
fee for answering alarms, but he said he
didn't think Lincoln ever would.
The police's business is protecting
people, and answering the alarms is part of
that, he said.
how much time is spent confined.
Health necessary
Subjects must be healthy, between the
ages of 19 and 55 and within a normal
weight range for their height. If these
stipulations are met, Harris said, the
subject is given a physical examination a
week or two before the study.
For seven days before the study the
subject must refrain from taking any drugs,
including aspirin, and for 48 hours prior to
the study he must refrain from drinking
any alcohol, Harris said.
Harris labs also does "phase one"
experiments, in which a drug is
administered to a human for the first time.
"Animal tests are done mainly to
determine safety over a period of several
years," Harris said. "If toxicity appears to
be low and the drug appears to have
promise in human health, human testing
begins.
Experimental protocol from the
manufacturer and the lab is given to the
FDA for approval. If approved, a permit is
issued and the experiment begins.
Tolerance study
1 The experiment is a tolerance study, in
which one or two subjects are used, Harris
said. The first dosage is 10 to 50 times
below what is estimated to be the
therapeutic dosage, based on comparative
drugs and data from animal testing, he said.
"If there are no side effects, the dosage
is increased until there are side effects or to
a level that is way above normal dosage
level-two to four times greater," he said.
Care always is taken, he said, and staff
physicians are on call. In phase one studies,
intensive care equipment is on hand, along
with nurses and doctors. .
Consent needed
In all experiments, a consent form must
be signed, Harris said, adding that "it is not
a waiver or release form."
The consent form outlines the kind of
study, the drug being used and gives a
capsule description of the drug, its uses and
possible side effects.
Most people involved in a study come
back for another, he said, and if they
don't, "we like to think it's because they're
a little queasy about giving blood."
! II
The Sting" will no
longer be shown In
theaters lor several
years (Beg .Sept. 1.')
Don t miss it's list run!
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