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Stress meter 'doesn't work'
A psychological stress evaluator (PSE), which
manufacturers claim can tell if a person is lying
by measuring stress in the voice, doesn't work,
according to Prof. Robert McGlone, vice
chairman of the UNL Speech and Dramatic Art
Department.
McGlone said studies he has conducted in the
last four years indicate the device is ineffective in
determining when a subject is lying.
Law enforcement agencies sometimes use the
PSE to detect lying, McGlone said, but according
to his experiments "it is a mistake to use
evaluator results as proof."
According to an ex-CIA agent, George
O'Toole, the PSE showed that Lee Harvey
Oswald did not kill President John F. Kennedy.
PSE tests showed no evidence of-stress when
Oswald denied killing Kennedy, O'Toole said.
"I'm not saying whether a person is guilty or
not," said McGlone, "I'm questioning the use of
the PSE to determine truth in cases of such
magnitude.
'Some show more'
"Some people tend to show stress more easily
when lying than others," he said, "and
sometimes a person can be telling the truth but
show stress more than another person telling a
lie."
McGlone conducted three different controlled
studies' to determine the effectiveness of the PSE,
he said.
"The basic principle behind the device is that
the body shows stress by tightening muscles and
not emitting normal vibrations from the
muscles," he explained.
"This tightening is evident in large muscles,
but there is a question if it also occurs in muscles
such as the tongue and larynx .since their
physiological function is different," McGlone
said.
Intentionally lied
In his first study, he conducted controlled
experiments with the PSE in which persons
intentionally lied to the evaluator.
McGlone conducted the studies in Los
Angeles, he said, and transmitted tapes of the
studies by telephone to a ran expert m San
Francisco for further evaluation.
"The expert did not know which statements
were lies and which were truths in his analysis
and his determinations were only slightly above
chance expectations for accuracy," McGlone
said.
The second study was based on an experiment
in the PSE training manual, McGlone said.
In this study, subjects were told to pick a
number in a series, then deny choosing each
number. The PSE did not show any significant
stress with the lies in each case, said McGlone.
"This was to show that the device was not
adequate to determine stress in cases of low risk
lying," he explained.
The third study was to show that the PSE
detected stress in the voice even when the subject
was not lying.
Subjects reading a paragraph were subjected
to increasingly severe random electrical shocks
and the PSE showed increasing stress in their
voice pattern.
'Not related'
"The stress was not related to lying,"
McGlone said.
"In addition, stress could be detected in voice
changes," he added.
McGlone believes his studies indicate the PSE
is not effective as a lie detector and voice stress
changes indicated by a PSE can "usually, if not
always," be detected by ear in voice tone change.
"Different studies have gotten similar results,"
he said.
Prof. Joseph Kubis of Fordham University in
New York reported similar findings even before
McGlone finished his studies, McGlone said.
McGlone is planning to present a complete
report of his study at the Carnahan Crime
Countermeasures Conference at Kentucky
University May 7. He has presented partial
reports of his study, he said, but this is the first
complete report. The purpose of the conference
is to present and discuss law enforcement
techniques and their effectiveness, he said.
Law student to represent ABA
A NU law student will be
visiting six states this year to
promote services of the Law
Students Division (LSD) of the
American Bar Association
(ABA) to other law students.
He is Steven Machov, who is
head of the 13-member board
of governors for the 8th circuit
of the LSD. The boardxis
composed of student
representatives from law
schools in Minnesota, North
and South Dakota, Iowa,
Missouri and Nebraska.
The LSD is divided into 13
areas with a board of governors
to budget money and set
policy for each member law
school, Machov said.
He said his position is
unpaid but added that travel
and telephone expenses are
paid. The 8th circuit had a
budget of about $2,000 last
year, Machov added. .
He said the 149 NU'law
students who belong to the
organization benefit from their
Part-time work
assisting local manager
introducing llation-Wide
Student Service to UIJL;
1. Flaxi&b Hours
2. Unlimited earning potential
3. Advancement opportunity
4. Summer employment opportunity
5. Comfortabta office environment
CaS for appointment: Jim Eritt 474-1567
membership in the following
ways:
-receiving the magazine
called Student Lawyer which
keeps students informed about
sections of law such as tax,
corporate and criminal law.
-receiving the- American
Bar Association Journal at a
reduced cost.
-hearing guest speakers
lecture at LSD meetings about
sections of law.
-making contacts with
attorneys -who might be able to
help them find employment
after graduation.
n addition to providing
benefits to law students, the
organization sponsors projects
within the NU College of Law.
Last year, the LSD
co-sponsored a minority
student recruitment program
with the Student Bar
Association (SBA).
While the SBA is primarily
organized on a local level at
each of the 160 law schools
accredited by the ABA, the
LSD receives support from
each of the circuit offices of
the organization. Machov said
the SBA is financed by its
members.
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Dontowh Gateway Conestow
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Lincoln
Lincoln
Grand Island
page 6
daily nebraskan
thursday, march 20, 1975
