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by Carlin Lockee
School of Journalism
Some say it's dead, others
believe it is very much alive.
Some despise the concept,
while others consider it an
integral part of university
growth.
What is involved in the
traditional theme of "publish
or perish" among the
University faculty.
There is a discrepancy
among colleges within the
University of Nebraska -Lincoln
about the demand for
research from faculty
members. A representative of
one college calls the "publish
or perish" concept silly.
Another professor laid he
believes it is the fundamental
requirement of a university
instructor.
Ned Hedges, assistant vice
chancellor for academic affairs,
said he believes there has been
a movement that last five years
to recognize ways to reward a
faculty member other than by
published research.
Most promotion and tenure
policies at UNL, he said,
depend not only on scholarly
research, but also on teaching
capabilities and public service
contributions.
College decides
However, Hedges said, the
trend has been let each college
set the criteria for judgment of
its faculty members.
"I despise the concept of
'publish or perish'," Charles
Miller, dean of the College of
Business Administrati6n, said,
"and I think its a silly axiom."
Although a teacher is
measured by his peers through
his publications, it is not a
requirement for advancement
withing the College of
Business, he said.
However, Melvin George,
dean of the College of Arts and
Sciences, said his college
expects its faculty members to
be active in their own fields.
While the criteria is loose at the
college level, it becomes
increasingly demanding in each
department, he said.
Faculty judgment
Departments with doctorate
programs require a measurable
amount of scholarly research
from their faculty. Faculty
judgment is based on teaching,
public service and particularly
scholarly research, George said.
James Rawley, chairman of
the history department, said
since his faculty members must
train graduate students to be
researchers, it is expected that
the teachers engage in research
in their own fields. At the
present time, 13 of 22 history
department members are doing
research.
"In the history department
publication remains an
important, if not principal
criteria for promotion," Patrice
Berger, a researcher in the
history department, said.
However, Berger said it is
basically a good system of
promotion, provided flexibility
is allowed. Although the rule
"publish or perish" sounds
forbidding, he said, the
pressure isn't bad.
Contributes to knowledge
David Levine, chairman of
the psychology department,
said a member of his faculty
"cannot be an adequate
tuesday, july 3, 1973
university teacher unless he
contributes to the growth of
knowledge." He said he makes
no distinction between
teaching and research.
Promotion and tenure
within his department depends
ultimately on what each
tenured member considers to
be the most important
contribution to the university.
Levine said he believes research
is the most important.
Alan Bates of the sociology
department said the emphasis
on research is heavier in some
departments than others.
Allen Williams and Harry
Crockett, Jr. of the sociology
department are researching this
summer. Williams said he was
encouraged by the department,
and said advancement within
the department depends on it.
Both received a National
Science Foundation grant for
their research.
Finance own research
However, if a teacher
cannot receive a grant from
university, governmental or
private sources, he must
finanace the research himself.
Since research requires so
much time, Bates said it is
practically impossible to teach
and research at the same time,
especially in the summer.
Therefore, it is practical for
the teacher to give up his
summer teaching and forfeit
his salary until his research is
completed., Bates said.
After the research is
completed, the faculty member
with an article to publish may
encounter problems, Hedges
said. Publication outlets are
decreasing because there are
more articles to be published
than every before, he said.
"For example, the Journal
of the Modern Language
Association, the major
publication outlet for English
research, is not accepting any
papers for consideration, let
alone publication, until 1975,"
he said.
Departments judge
However, some teachers can
submit their papers to a board
within their department for
judgment," Hedges added.
"It is unethical not to
publish research," Levine said,
"because a teacher should
share his knowledge not only
with his students, but with his
peers so he can be judged."
Hedges also said the basis
for qualifying and quantifying
research is very difficult.
Therefore, a teacher who
regularly turns out research
papers at the expense of his
students cannot be considered
more valuable than a teacher
who produces a small amount
of relevant research and is an
accomplished instructor, he
said.
Berger emphasized the
flexibility needed in the
promotion criteria. If a teacher
is outstanding in research,' but
cannot perform well in the
classroom, he said, more
research should be demanded
of him.
A better teacher
However, if a faculty
member is a better teacher
than researcher, he should not
be required to do as much
research. But, no matter how
good the teacher, he still must
do some timely scholarly
research in his field, Berger
said.
Regardless of pressure upon
faculty members, the
university, as opposed to other
educational institutions, still
has an obligation to transmit
and create knowledge, George
said.
By law, the university must
expand the scholarly
knowledge of the state.
"Whereas I believe the
principal job of a university
teacher is to teach student.'"
Hedges said, "traditionally, a
university is where you push
back the borders of the
frontiers of knowledge."
However, Hedges said a
university can afford to have
faculty members who are
outstanding in only one of
three major areas of research,
teaching and public service.
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12th & Q
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