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About The daily Nebraskan. ([Lincoln, Neb.) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (Aug. 1, 1967)
Tuesday, August 1, 1967 Summer Nebraskan ;I n a r. s -A. - 7 i ' v ... fc 'A, 4 V : . , '. 1 v.; -i ' . . .At I . ri i If r y -7 i Effects Can People in Bv Glenda Peterson NU School of JournaUsm What effect does the war in Vietnam have on the folks back home? On the folks in the Midwest? On the folks in Nebraska? All across the United States that question is an swered easily enough by those who have sons or husbands or lovers fighting in the Vietnam war. The war brings anxiety and dread and fear to the mothers or wives or sweet hearts of United States troops In Vietnam. It causes some to pray, and some to forego plans for establish ing a home. It causes some to vote, and s"tne to organ ize drives to send Christmas cards to soldiers. It causes some to march, and some to picket. ... But what about those who ''do not have loved ones in Vietnam? Can they go about 'their daily business the "same as before, and have no contact with the war except in their daily news paper? Can they eat what they want, and go where they want, and do what they Prevention, Not Restoration That's Nebraska's Approach to Pollution By Deborah Hansen NU School of Journalism While most of the nation is concerned with cleaning -up areas of extreme pollu . tion, Nebraska has launched preventive programs in air and water pollution control. Nebraska, because of its agricultural nature, does not .nave the extreme cases of air and water pollution found in California, Mary land, West Virginia, New York, Pennsylvania and the other industrial states. Because Nebraska does not have such serious prob lems of air and water pollu tion its citizens have not concerned themselve with the problems. But Nebras ka's health agencies have launched preventive pro grams to avoid serious pollution in the future. The realization that do mestic wastes contain path ogenic organisms came to Nebraskans by 1890 when the first control laws were established. The laws pro hibited d i s p o s a 1 of raw wastes into waters used for domestic consumption, ac cording to T. A. Filipi, state sanitation director. In 1914 Madison erected the state's first waste treat ment plant, Filipi said. There is some speculation that Hastings erected a plant at about the same time, he added. Since these first plants there has been a con centrated effort throughout the state, he noted. By 1920 Grand Island had a treat ment plant and in 1922 Lin coln had one too. Control Council In 1958 the Unicameral es tablished a Water Control Council. The duties of this council are to protect and enforce the maintenance of the quality of water above, beneath and bordering Ne braska. It also defines pol lution and plans the en hancement of all public waters, Filipi said. Because of Nebraska's ef forts the state has not suf fered the economic losses felt in other parts of the country. Filipi noted that in the Chesapeake Bay region the oysters rsised there cannot be consumed be cause of severe water pollu tion. Most Nebraska communi ties and private homes get their water from wells. This way they can eliminate the need for extensive treat ment of drinking water. Omaha takes its drinking water from the Missouri River, spending approxi mately $100,000 a month for purification, Filipi said. Several years ago Ne braska City drilled wells in Heroic Bookstore is moving by Aug. 12 1032 P St. let still eeee at rtjfular leccrrlo vntll thee 1:30 .m.-IO B.m. 7 week of Vietnam War on want? Can the U.S. people have both guns and butter? Little Effect On consumer level, the war in Vietnam seems to have had very little effect. The housewives of Nebraska can buy groceries they want at the local supermarket. They can wear dresses they want, and buy furniture they want to decorate their homes. On the supplier level, it is a different story. Even though the consumer seems to be unaware of it, some suppliers are having a hard time getting certain prod ucts from manufacturers. The businessman who must buy clothing, paper products and leather, who must order guns and fabric and aluminum from manu facturers, have noticed that something is affecting the availability of these goods. Some products that busi nessmen order are slow in coming from the manufac turer, and some don't come at all. Could it be that these same manufacturers are turning some of their pro duction away from consum stead of using river water, he said. Because Omaha was dumping raw sewage into the Missouri the cost of purification was too high. Filipi noted that a survey indicated that the citizens of Nebraska City are happier with their well water and "Don't want to go back to river water." Filipi said that according to law raw domestic sewage cannot be dumped into a stream, river or lake. Waste Treated Industries must also treat their waste products before dumping them into Nebras ka waters, he added. The treatment of industri al waste is handled by indi vidual cities, Filipi said. Some cities allow industries to use the domestic treat ment plant free of charge in order to attract business. Other cities, such as Grand Island and York, have reached financial agree ments with their industries, Filipi said. Grand Island charges Swift and Company $35,000 yearly for the use of the city treatment plant, ac cording to the city's con struction plan. An increase in the amount of slaughter ing done by Swift will re sult in an increase in fees. The plan stated that the city is erecting a device that will accurately mea sure and sample the meat packing wastes. York also has a meat packing plant which the city charges one cent for every hog slaughtered. This amounts to about $15 a day. The packing plant re moves the paunch manure, blood and grease collected in the slaughtering proc esses. According to Dr. Mark J. Hammer, associate profes sor of sanitary engineering and soil mechanics at the University of Nebraska, a Nebraska slaughter house Dupli-Color touch-up. Perfect match for all can through 1967. TUNT-UP SUPPLIES CLEAN-UP SUPPLIES Carburetors lanitiM kits Oil filters Stark plugs Irak shoes feel pumps Generators ISIS AD popular waxes A polishes, interior, carpets A floor mats, nylon foam slipoa covers, all colors. Smltf s steel pak or glaspaV mufflers and dual kits at low est prices. twice Garage t FREE PARKINS at rear ef store. 216 So. 11th DIAL 477-4491 the United States Have Both ... .. . . it. a a Li n ij er goods, and devoting it to the manufacture ot war goods? Construction firms, cloth ing buyers and wholesale gun suppliers in Lincoln were among those asked whether or not they could get the supplies they or dered from manufacturers. Twenty-six firms answered that question, with the "fol lowing results. This is in no way representative of every product supplier in Lincoln. Clothing Shipments of cotton gar ments, especially men's jeans, are slow in coming, according to one store own er. A buyer of wool sports wear said that wool manu facturers had warned her that there might be a short age of woolen garments, so she placed her winter order early. The shipment arrived in early July ahead of the usual mid-August delivery. Paper A retail dealer reported that pressboard and binder board, used in offices for filing, aren't available from manufacturers. A represen tative of local paper com that averages a kill of 500 cattle a day has a solids wasteload average equiva lent to 45,000 people. This measurement is made after the removal of paunch, manure and blood, he said. "The liquid waste is equivalent to 3,700 people," he said. Land Fill Paunch manure, blood and heavy grease cannot be treated in a domestic plant, Hammer stressed. They must either be espe cially treated or hauled to a land fill site. Feed lots are beginning to present problems for the water pollution control agencies, Filipi said. The Nebraska Livestock Feed ers Association has been approached, Filipi said, to encourage its members to improve and expand their treatment facilities. Most feeders are using the lagoon system of wa ter treatment which Filipi explained, is "n a t u r e's way of purifying waste." For 'every 100 people 25 miles of river is needed to return the water to its nat ural state. A lagoon, he said, compresses 17 miles of river water into one acre of water three feet deep. A lagoon cannot be more than three feet deep because light is necessary for the or ganisms present to work on the sewage. Also, he said that if the pool is too deep the water in the bottom is too cold for the organisms to work. Sludge Scraped The residue left from this organic action is called sludge and must be scraped from the bottom of the la goon once a year. This ma- "THE CLIMATE FOR EDUCATION IS PROGRESS... the technique is innovation" Florida HAS A PLACE FOR ELEMENTARY, SECONDARY TEACHERS Wont more faeli? SEND FOR FREE COPY UPAGE eoewiN GET THE COMPLETE STORYI "where the action is!" I. W. IURT, Tahr Rnniltmtnt Knott Sidg. Stat Dpt. mf Education lailahoim, Florida 32104 Nmt Maor Addron. Cir- 1'P. pany said he noticed a slow down in delivery oi au pa per products. Mill shipments which had been delivered in three to four weeks now take from 60 to 90 days to arrive (eight to 12 weeks). The slowdown in deliveries be gan in June of 1966, he said, when shipments were a week late in arriving. The lag has become progres sively worse until it was quite noticeable this fall and winter, he said. Guns A wholesale gun supplier said there was a "retarda tion in shipments of hand guns." There is also a shortage of brass shell cases, he said, and a delay in the delivery of ammuni tion. An order which usual ly took one month to fill now takes six weeks to two months. Some manufacturers are shipping on schedule, some are just slow, and some manufacturers are not ship ping at all, he said. He es timated the slowdown in shipments at 10 per cent over the time required be terial can be used for ferti lizer. Because of the sizes of modern cities a lagoon sys tem is not practical, so sew age treatment plants are constructed to do six hours what it takes 125 miles of river to accomplish, Filipi said. A sewage treatment plant speeds up the process of purification. The waste is aerated before it enters the tank where it is immediate ly stilled, allowing the sol ids to settle in the bottom. This takes about two hours. From the aeration tank the liquid waste is placed in a heated tank containing bac teria. The solids are re moved from the bottom of the tank and treated separ ately. The liquids remain in the bacteria tank for four hours. During this time they are stirred to activate the bacteria. The liquid waste is then released into the river, lake or stream. Solids are placed in holding tanks where they are dehydrated and later deposited as fertilizer or humus. Industries besides slaugh ter houses and feed lots contribute a great deal to pollution and to the difficul ties of treatment plants. Oil, for instance, cannot be treated. The danger of fire or explosion in the treatment plant is one rea son, another is that oil im pairs the hydraulic capacity of the sewer system the r In the water, or out.., StBiimminn Intifriifif nr VVIIiiillflllj IlldliUUlUf Miss Vicky Shanks enjoys the fresdon. cf her Pearle Optical Contact Lens lA idea : Vicky snifi ker Pttrlt Optteei Centat lam ill the time, tven Mrfmminf. lik m 7500 other sctrae people who wesr Purle Optical Contact lenses... day in and til out, Vicky epprecietes Her Contact Lenses, not enly tt a beauty aid. but for the snigue feeling ot security and freedom Venlltt Contact Lenses bring to people on tha go. (People like you!) find out about Veiilite Contact tense. You can't luy finer Contact Lenses anywnen. See Pearle Optical now Verilite Contact Lenses astrai only 6 5 Lincoln: 1132 "O" Street Phone 432-7583 Open AH Day Saturday Midwest, fore. He attributed two rea sons for the delay in deliv ery: 1. There is a shortage of labor at the factory level and 2. Manufacturers are bound by government con tracts to supply war guns. Groceries Three wholesale dealers in grocery products and one retail grocer agreed that perishable goods have not been affected by the war in Vietnam. But durable goods, such as equipment for food processing, has been af fected. There is as much as a 30-day delay in obtaining trucks and motor-driven equipment. The slowdown in delivery of this equip ment has been gradual, a food processor said. Manufacturing Malleable castings used in pulleys, disk brakes and wheel hubs in building Cushman Motor Scooters are taking up to eight months for delivery, a com pany representative said. The usual time required to fill an order was formerly six to eight weeks. Raw copper shipments are taking up to one year for delivery. However, "no treatment process and the retreatment process and the receiving waters, Ham mer said. Run-off Problem Filipi said that Nebras ka's major pollution prob lem is caused by run-off from erosion. "The Blue River is dirtier than the Missouri River because of the run-off," he added. According to Filipi the best means of enforcement is "persuasive cohesion." Education of the citizens is most important in the state's campaign against water pollution," he said. "The state has had 330 plants constructed without the need of enforcement," Filipi said. Members of the Health Department, he said, go out to towns and cities and speak to civic groups as well as to the city councils. They also speak in h i g h schools, he said. These groups and the stu dents are shown the prob lems, told of the dangers, to themselves and other communities. They are asked, he said "Is this something you're proud of?" Another big help in en couraging construction of new treatment plants is the availability of federal aid. A 30 per cent "discount" is provided for construction costs of a new plant. Filipi feels that this is an excel lent selling point for treat ment plants. I ., i ...;n..pMiiiwiiiTiii ' - - - 1 li lW 11 A Ipffccd 1 bol w&j Nebraska Analyzed trouble" was reported by manufacturers of fiber glass and dealers in aluminum. Construction The lumber market has been hit most directly by the war in Vietnam, a cost estimator for a construction firm said. A building project at Crete last February called for dimension lumber, but none was available. The gov ernment had cleared the market at that time, he said, and lower grades of lumber had to be substi tuted in building. Since then, better grades are back on the market. Recently, there has been trouble in getting mirrors. This, the estimator said, may be because manufac turers are busy filling big government orders for pri ority items to be used in the war effort. However, steel manufacturers are not running at full capacity, he said. Copper and sheet metal are other items which have been affected by the war in Vietnam, he said, as the cost is way up. Throughout last summer deliveries were slow. An engineer for another construction firm reported that there was a three-to four-month period begin ning early last spring when plywood was not available. At that time, the govern ment had ordered plywood to be shipped to Vietnam, then cancelled three-fourths of the order, he said. Now, structural steel is hard to get although the en gineer said that he does not feel that this shortage is re lated to the war in Vietnam. Repair Parts A repair parts depart ment manager said all ship ments of parts are slow and prices are climbing. He said he has back orders on metal which have not been filled for two reasons: 1. Companies are on strike; and 2. They are naturally slow in filling orders. He said that he did not attribute this delay in filling orders to Vietnam. Electrical Supplies Copper wire shipments are indefinite, an electrical company official reported, although two years ago cop per wire was available from manufacturers and kept in stock. Surface wiring devices are not available, he said, because the output of cer tain manufacturers has been entirely diverted to the war effort. The slow down in shipment of elec trical supplies started about a year ago, he said. Transportation Although transportation is The home of Big Red Gasolines Campus Service 17th & Vine Xi 4 7' Budget Terms with never an extra charge. f3y ! f ,V ' f . . ' " r Guns, .i nan Via not a supply that can be ordered from a manuiac turer, it is a service which consumers use, rely on, and take for granted. Therefore, an air freight service, transportation and storage companies, a bus company, a travel agency and a rail road were asked how their business had been affected by Vietnam. The air freight service people reported that they tiad noticed no real change in business that could be attributed to the war, al though they had been oper ating only a year and so felt that they would not be in a position to tell. A transport and storage company official said that his company was experienc ing a bad slump in business after an upswing which be gan with the phasing out of the Lincoln Air Force Base. From the first of the year (1966) until September (nine months), business had been good. There has been an in crease in sales in bus trans portation, a company offi cial reported. However, bus ticket sales were hurt in Lincoln by the closing of the Air Force Base. In spite of this, there has been an over all 10 per cent increase in sales during the year, he said. He attributed this in crease to travel by mem bers of the armed services or by members of their families. He said, however, that the bus company had no way of telling what per cent of actual bus ticket sales went to members of the armed services. A railroad representative said that all over the coun try many railroad cars probably are involved in shipping supplies for the war in Vietnam, although this business may have no particular effect on any one point. Food and clothing for the war are not coming out of Lincoln, he said. Government shipments by rail through Lincoln are in two areas, he said: 1. Move ment of ammunition. Raw materials for construction of war guns pass through Lincoln on their way to Grand Island where they are assembled, then shipped out again, and 2. Movement of storage grain. State Institutions The purchasing depart ment of the State of Nebras ka must order a variety of supplies from manufactur ers, supplies ranging from socks for inmates of the state penitentiary to heavy E NEVER CLOSE to I. ! " ! Lowest r ITS COS in Tovn DIVIDEND BONDED GAS 16th fir P Sft. Downtown Lincoln Butter? smiinmfint for construction equipment for construction of state roads. Dale Karnopp, purchasing agent for the state, buys for 13 institutions. There are only two areas that have been affected by the war in Vietnam, he said cloth ing and textiles. Shipments of these prod- ' ucts; including winter coats for the highway pa trol, are coming in slower than usual, he said. All oth- : er supplies are arriving on -schedule. The availability of sup. , plies may be suffering more from Great Society spending than from the war in Viet nam, according to Richard Bennett, director of special business services at the University of Nebraska. A great many projects are under construction us ing federal monies, he said, ' projects which cut loose heavily in the last 18 months. The same pro grams which are letting the University build are also letting others build, he said. These often require the same units, such as cafe- teria facilities. The upsurge in demand for these units caught the institutional fur niture manufacturers flat footed, Bennett said. Diverse Products Certain products may be . short in supply for anoth. er reason, Bennett added. Most manufacturers today put out diverse products; that is, a manufacturer of institutional supplies may have a sideline in military goods. Government con tracts with manufacturers for war goods have tight deadlines subject to short notice cancellations, Ben nett said. So naturally gov ernment orders are filled first ahead of those for pri vate consumption. The only item found rath er scarce In Bennett's long list of supplies ordered for the University of Nebraska is cotton dressing for hospi tal use, although prices have held firm. Orders which previously took 30 days to fill now require 60 to 90 days. A second item hard to ob tain, although less scare than cotton dressing, is mimeograph paper. Deliv eries now require 90 to 120 days to fill, compared with 30 days before the war. Furniture shipments are particularly slow, although Bennett points out that this is related Great Society spending rather than to the war in Vietnam. A ship ment of furniture which pre viously came in 30 to 40 days now takes three to four months, he said. IS 1 1 i t s 4 r f tin 1 1 " T3 B m : """Tin iV T'