Page 2
Summer Nebraskon
Wednesday, July 5, 1967
I
International Party
Music from six different
countries and slides from
four countries will entertain
those attending an informal
get-together sponsored by
People to People Friday
at 7 p.m. at the Hungry Id
in the basement of the Wes
ley Foundation on campus.
Foreign students will be
dressed in their internation
al costumes, folk singers
are to bring their guitars,
refreshments will be provid
ed and everyone is invited
to attend and participate in
the festivities.
People to People is a Uni
versity of Nebraska student
organization active through
the year and designed to
orient foreign students to
the University and to Ne
braska. This group of students re
cently added an internation
al flavor to the Chek Fes
tival in Clarkson by present
ing Turkish and African
dances.
Hungry Id
Opens Door
To Students
The Hungry Id, a coffee
house developed to fulfill
the students' need for self
expression of arts, will open
Saturday, July 8 and con
tinue through Aug. 1 in the
basement of the Wesley
Foundation.
The Id is open to all re
ligions, cultures and ideas
with emphasis on diversity,
according to Director Rich
ard Stelnmetz.
It provides a place for
students to go informally,
without dates, to talk and
express themselves on any
subject, Stelnmetz said.
"A 1 1 h o u g h the coffee
house is grounded on theo
logical ideas, we don't want
it to become a Methodist
ghetto or a Sunday school
class," he stressed.
There is a valid place for
nil students and faculty in
this arena for all forms of
thought, Stelnmetz com
mented. Stand up entertainment
including poetry reading,
debates, speaking and folk
singing are encouraged
among those who attend.
Students can display their
art work here too, he said.
The Hungry Id first op
ened after Thanksgiving in
1966 and will be open on
Tuesdays from 8:30 to
11 p.m. and on Saturdays
from 9 to 12 p.m. this sum
mer. Red lights, candles, wood
en tables covered with bur
lap tableclothes and a make
shift stage create a very
distinct atmosphere on cam
pus. The menu Includes ci
der, doughnuts, coffee from
regular to Cafe' Anise and
tea from Constant Com
ment to Lapsang Souchong.
Anyone who wants to help
work can leave his name
and telephone number at
the office in the Wesley
Foundation, Steinmetz said.
AAACE
Convention
Held Here
Nebraska, current national
headquarters for the Ameri
can Association of Agricultur
al College Editors (AAACE),
will host the national AAACE
convention here, July 9-12.
Over 350 agricultural college
editors, their wives and chil
dren from across the nation
are expected to attend the na
tional convention at the Ne
braska Center for Continuing
Education in Lincoln. Key
note speaker for the event is
George Mehren, Assistant Sec
retary of Agriculture.
AAACE is composed of agri
cultural and home economics
information workers from the
Land Grant Colleges and Uni
versities of the 50 states and
Puerto Rico, U.S. Department
of Agriculture information
specialists, and associate
members including a number
representing ag news media.
Its total membership cur
rently stands at approximately
550.
The group will be wel
comed at the July 10 noon
luncheon by Dr. Clayton Yeut
ter, executive assistant to the
Governor of Nebraska. Spe
cial features on the conven
tion agenda Include presents
tion of the national AAACE
communication awards and a
Nebraska Centennial, barbe
cue et the convention center.
Highlighting activities for
AAACE wives Is a tea at the
Governor's Mansion with
Hsu Nubert Tiemann.
t
NIA officers Mohinder Atwal of Uganda, president; Wayne Knncl, advisor; Sam
Bioku of Nigeria, secretary; and Pam Kot, vice president discuss plans and design
name tags for the International party.
University of Nebraska
Students Who Drop Out
Offer Variety of Reasons
By Bob Flasnlck
NU School of Journalism
"I'm getting married."
"I broke my leg."
"I can't find a baby sit
ter." "I no longer want to be a
lawyer."
"I've got to go home and
help my folks."
"I just got drafted."
These Incongruous state
ments may sound like a
hodge-podge of comments
without any common pur
pose, but they're not. They
are typical reasons given by
the 306 students who with
drew from the University of
Nebraska during the first
semester of the 1966-67
school year.
For a student to with
draw, he must fill out a
form giving the reason for
his leaving "which may or
may not have anything to
do with the real reason, ac
cording Lee W. Chatfield,
associate dean of student af
fairs and acting registrar at
NU.
Chatfield says that rea
sons given for withdrawals
generally fall into three cat
egories: health, financial
and "needed at home."
Scholastic Reasons
"About half of these kids
are saying 'I just don't like
school,' " states Chatfield,
and of these the reason is
usually scholastic.
Chatfield says that the
problem of adjustment at
the University is not as
great as it is sometimes be
lieved, or at least it is pre
dictable from a student's
, high school record.
"In general a student will
be ... the kind of student
he was in high school,"
Chatfield says, adding that
there are "exceptions both
ways."
Among these exceptions
are students with excellent
high school records who lose
all interest in school, skip
most classes, and in Chat
field's words "go to pieces."
But generally, Chatfield
says, "the acute problems
which students say they
face at the University don't
seem to affect them too
much if their grades are all
right."
In a typical freshman
class, Chatfield says that
about 83 per cent of students
ranking in the top fourth of
their high school class ad
vance to the second semes
ter of their freshman year
with an acceptable grade
average (2.0 on the 4-point
scale).
Of those graduating in the
second fourth of their high
school class, about 70
per cent advance with ac
ceptable grades. About 40
per cent of the third fourth
of the high school students
make acceptable grades
while less than 20 per cent
of the lower quarter stu
dents earn acceptable marks
during their first semester.
Responsiblity
These figures are consis
tent through various sizes
of high school graduating
classes, be it 7, 70 or 700
he said.
One of the biggest prob
lems, Chatfield says, is get
ting students to come to the
administration for help.
The students "can get
just about any kind of help
FAIT TIME AIT EDUCATOR
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they need on campus, if
they'll just ask," he said.
He added that some stu
dents "don't accept the
personal responsibility for
their commitments."
Generally, he said, these
are the students who do
poorly in high school.
This type of student,
Chatfield says, is a person
who won't take the re
sponsibility for finding out
"what he doesn't know,
and hopes he never has to.
That doesn't work at the
University.'
The University physical
and mental health center,
counseling service and fi
nancial assistance depart
ment are among the ser
vices a student can use to
help solve his problems.
Chatfield says he once
wrote 75 students in good
scholastic standing, but
who failed to return to
school, asking them their
reasons for dropping out.
Ex-Soldiers
Answers like work and
and marriage were preva
lent, Chatfield says. "There
was nothing in the reasons
they gave that the Universi
ty could do anything
about."
One type of students des
tined to become more nu
merous at NU is the Viet
nam veteran. Lewis F.
Fowles, associate dean of
student affairs, says that in
one case last fall, a soldier
who was released from the
armed service in August
and enrolled at Nebraska
in September wasn't able to
make the adjustment from
the war to the books that
quickly.
Fowles says it is quite
common for students who
have real problems to con
ceal them and not give the
real reason for their with
drawal. "Yon get a multitude of
reasons," Fowles says,"
"and many times these are
cover-ups. When we actual
ly get to visit with him, we
often find his problem isnt
what he first tells us It is."
In a study of the 306 stu
dents who withdrew from
NU in the fall semester,
Fowles found the break
down of their reasons as
follows: personal or un
known, 21 per cent; health,
16 per cent; financial, 15
per cent; poor grades, lack
, of interest, dissatisfied, 13
per cent; employment, 12
per cent; military service,
6 per cent; marriage, 5 per
cent; withdrew to attend
other school, 4 per cent;
moved out of state, 2 per
cent. Also included in 306
students are six who died.
Grade Average
When it is evident that a
student is having scholastic
problems, Fowles says, or
when administrators hear
that a student has a prob
lem, the student is asked
to come to the administra
tion for help.
Many students respond,
Fowles says, but "a lot of
them don't. We send for a
lot of people." Bnt he ad-
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mits if they all responded,
"we couldnt possibly tee
them all."
"That's why we put it
down on a piece of paper,
so they'll know what kind
of grade average they are
expected to make" to stay
in school.
The administration works
within a general policy as
far as flunking a student
from the University but
there are no set rules,
Fowles says.
A student who averages
below a 2.0 in a semester is
put on scholastic probation
and is expected to achieve
a 2.0 the following semes
ter and to keep his cumu
lative average at 2.0 or bet
ter at' all times, but there
are many exceptions to
these rules, he says.
In other instances, if it is
evident that a student can
not be successful with the
University work, he is
dropped for unsatisfactory
scholarship after the first
semester of his freshman
year.
Fowles says that NU, like
most major schools, drops
the biggest number of stu
dents in June, with fresh
men accounting for the larg
est percentage.
Weeding Out
Sophomores are the sec
ond largest number to be
dropped in the June "weed
ing out," both at Nebraska
and across the nation, ac
cording to research reports.
Fowles says that once a
student becomes a junior,
the chances of his graduation
are good. He stated that
most of the students dis
missed at the end of their
junior year are "people
who have been dragging
their feet borderline stu
dents." There are times in the
school year when student
withdrawals can be predict
ed, according to Fowles. Be
fore and after Thanksgiv
ing and Christmas, students
are home or going home and
some want to stay there.
A change in plans after
the first few weeks of
school also accounts for a
large number of with
drawls. Fowles says. Many
times these are transfer stu
dents who decide they would
rather attend their previous
school, he said.
Dean Fowles makes It
clear that students who
leave Nebraska fit rather
precisely into a larger na
tional withdrawal pattern
both in the relative number
of student withdrawals and
the reasons given for them.
But the real reasons for a
student's withdrawal are
often a mystery to the ad
ministration and known
only by the student himself.
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HOME OF THE CHUBBY STEAKBVRCER
plUIIIIIMIUINIIIIHIIIIIininiHIIIHIIMM
By Mary Lea Cooksley Wallace
NU School of Journalism
Get married and live
happily ever after. That's
the goal for most Ameri
can girls. But do all brides
"live happily ever after?"
University of Nebraska
researchers in human de
velopment and the family
have found that for teenag
ers, the chances of marital
success are considerably
less than average. '
What causes the problems
In teenage marriages? How
successful are these marri
ages in Nebraska? Do teen
age marriages have special
problems and special
satisfactions?
A team of University of
Nebraska researchers led
by Mrs. Ruby Gingles, as
sociate professor in human
development and the family,
has been conducting a ten
year study to find the an
swers to these questions.
The team developed a re
search plan to compare the
background, personalities
and aspirations of 300 Ne
braska girls who married
at 18 or younger with a
matched control group of
girls who did not marry
young. Another 110 girls
were selected by Interview
and questionnaire for a con
tinuing study on the prob
lems and satisfactions of
young marriage.
Comparisons Anallzed
After the personalities,
problems and aspirations of
the young marriers were
analyzed and compared
with the girls who did not
marry young, the research
ers found that the girls who
married young were less
mature emotionally, had
less happy home lives, and
had practiced earlier and
steadier dating than the
girls who did not m a r r y
young.
The research team con
cluded that there were gen
eral types of girls who tend
ed to marry young. Girls
in the first type felt emo
tionally Insecure and push
ed into the promise of
marriage to escape an un
happy home life. The sec
ond type seemed to mature
earlier, b n t had compara
tively low aspirations to
ward college or career.
Neither did they expect as
much from marriage as the
girls who married later.
On the other hand, the
tests showed that parents'
ability to finance children's
college education made little
or no difference in the
child's age at marriage.
Another interesting study
result showed that the hus
bands of the 300 young
marriers averaged 5.4 years
older than their wives, com
pared to the average two
year age difference.
And how successful were
these young marriages?
Of the 110 couples includ
ed in the continuing study,
at least 43 are still mar
ried after seven years.
Twelve of the couples are
known to be divorced, four
are widowed and 51 did not
reply to the research ques
tionnaire. Divorce Rates
Although divorce rates
for Nebraska's teenage
marriages are not known
accurately, Mrs. Gingles es
timates they are higher than
one divorce in five marri
ages, compared to one in
four nationally.
Were there any differ
ences between the 43 inc-
cessfnl young marriers and
the 67 other couples?
Comparisons showed that
the 43 successful wives
averaged eight months old
er than the other wives,
while their husbands were
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Nebraska Teenage Marriage J
Studies Show Many Hazards J
three years younger than
tne other husbands. Aver
age age difference for the
successful married couples
was 3.3 years, compared to
7.2 years for the other
couples.
Many of the other wives
stated that finding mutual
friends and social activities
was a problem in their
marriages. They felt they
had "little in common" with
their older husbands.
In the group of success
ful marriers, there were
more who graduated from
high school, more who had
longer periods of dating be
fore marriage and more
who depended less on fi
nancial help from parents.
After seven years of mar
riage, many of the success
ful marriers thought they
had been too young at the
time of marriage, and
three-fourths of them would
not want their younger sis
ters to follow in their foot
steps. Bad Transitions
One successful wife told
researchers, "I was 17 and
my husband was 18 when
we married. The first three
years didn't run too smooth
ly." What did these successful
marriers feel were the spe
cial problems and satisfac
tions of early marriage?
The problems they listed
far out numbered the satis
factions. Eight wives stated
definitely, "There are no
advantages in such an early
marriage." One wife re
marked, "There are no ad
vantages, unless it would
be to escape from an un
happy home life."
Financial problems took
first place in marriage dif
ficulties. Difficulty in find
ing a job that would pay
enough to raise a family,
and immaturity in money
management were most
often mentioned.
"The reason I wouldn't
marry so young is because
the cost of living is so high.
Since I got married, I have
worked away from home all
but two years. If I had
worked before marriage, I
would have been able to
stay home with our family
Instead of working," one
wife said.
For these young couples,
the principal concern is
"just fi n d i n g a job that
pays enough to raise a fam
ily" a problem that will
become increasingly diffi
cult as their families grow
larger and the living costs
continue to rise.
Next on the difficulty list
came problems related to
personal adjustment and
maturity level.
Many Disadvantages
Ability to make wise de
cisions, "stepping out" on
each other, not being ready
to settle down, and hus
bands wanting to spend all
their leisure time with oth
er men, were typical re
marks. One comment, "Our social
activities are not what I
would like them to be. I
like to get out with my hus
band and some friends, but
the men just don't seem to
want to go out," was made
by a young wife who was
16 when she married her
husband aged 24.
"Missing o u t on things,'
such as youth, dating fun and
a chance to become inde
pendent, were disadvantag
es mentioned by 17 of the
43 wives.
Mrs. Gingles suggests
that husbands end wives
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nearer in age may have in
terests more alike. Also, a
few more years of maturity
may bring the readiness
"to settle down" that was
mentioned so often as a
problem in achieving mar
riage adjustment.
Seven of the successful
marriers mentioned In-laws
as special problems. One
wife who had been married
seven years stated, "My
mother-in-law does not real
ize that I can take care of
her son now."
The researchers found
few in-law problems during
the first two years of mar
riage when relations be
tween young couples and
their parents were very
close. Instead they seemed
to arise as young couples
assumed the financial re
sponsibilities of marriage
and parenthood and sought
the independence from par
ental support they had not
been able to achieve be
fore marriage.
In-Laws Are Problem
One wife wrote to re
searchers, "Our biggest
problem is in-laws. The
best way to cope with this
is to move away and stand
on your own feet not
having them prying into
your affairs all the time."
On the side of special sat
isfactions, "our children,"
having them, loving them,
growing up with them,
ranked far above the other
satisfactions of marriage.
"Is it completely desir
able to have children at
such an early age that one
can grow up with them?
Or should parents grow up
before they become par
ents?" Mrs. Gingles ques
tioned. Some couples regarded
children as mixed bless
ings. The wives sometimes
felt tied down because they
had children so soon after
marriage, or because they
had several children too
close together. They loved
and enjoyed their children,
but sometimes felt they had
given up their own freedom
too soon.
Half the wives mention
ed the companionship of
husbands as a special sat
isfaction. Other wives were
taking husbands for grant
ed as they listed the shared
satisfactions of having their
own home and working for
common goals.
For some, the husband -wife
relationship was not
as satisfying as they hoped,
and they listed the lack of
mutual friends and social
activities as problems.
Unique Hazards
"These 43 wives now
recognize that teenage
marriage does have unique
hazards," Mrs. Gingles
said. "But they had the
maturity, stability of p e r
sonality, and perhaps the
support of families to help
them withstand the stress
es of very early marriage.
Others have not been able
to withstand these strains
placed upon them at an
early age and their mar
riages have ended in
divorce.
Additional com
ments from these success
ful young wives revealed
their feelings about their
own Initial readiness for
marriage. "If I could
live my life over again,
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I would marry much later.
You can always get mar
ried and have children, hut
when you marry you give
up the fun of your dating
life."
One husband commented.
"If I had the chance to do
it all over, I would marry
my wife again, except that
I would have waited until
she was through high school
and I was at least 22 years
old. Then we would have
been old enough to make
sound judgments and to
control our money better.
You need the time to know
each other."
A wife summed up the
problem with this state
ment, "One thing that comes
to my mind is that early
marriage in our case was
the result of going steady
too young and too long, it
left only marriage, which
I would never recommend
for a 16-year-old boy or girl.
Finish high school. Have
your fun and education be
cause it is far too hard to
get it later."
Ag Campus
Enrollment
Record Set
A record high of 51 high
school vocational-agriculture
teachers, county exten
sion agents and graduate
students have enrolled in
summer school courses in
agricultural education at the
University of Nebraska Col
lege of Agriculture and
Home Economics.
Dr. James Horner, chair
man of the Agricultur
al Education Department,
credited part of the enroll
ment increase to federal
legislation which expanded
the definition "vo ag educa
tion" to Include agribusi
ness as well as production
agriculture.
He noted that at least
two-thirds of the summer
school students are work
ing towards advanced de
grees. Course offerings this
summer include classes in
entomology, curriculum de
velopment, adult education,
special problems in ag ed
ucation, advanced methods,
field work and coordination
techniques for off-farm
agriculture occupations.
The summer Ag Edu
cation courses are run on a
special four week basis
through July 7, because vo
ag teachers are hired on a
12 month basis and arc
permitted only a month off
for vacation or education.
Horner commented that
need for vo ag teachers is
greater now than ever be
fore because of the expan
sion of vocational agricul
ture to include farm re
lated areas.
Among the programs
which the Ag Education
Department of the College
of Agriculture has under
taken to meet the new
demands is a four-year
study, financed jointly bv
the U.S. Office of Educa
tion and the University,
aimed at determining how
best to meet new voca
tional agriculture needs.
It I N 9 I
PROM
