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Attitude Shift Needed For UN Admission I Week In Review
Friday, November 18, 1966
i
Improvements Question Stumps Court
By Cheryl Tritt
Junior Staff Writer
Red China's admission to
. the United Nations within
five years depends on t h e
country's change in atti
tude toward the organiza
tion and a change in the
United State's present pol
icy toward China's mem
bership, according to Peter
Cheng, visiting University
political science professor.
Pressure from neutral
nations, American allies or
Afro-Asian nations could
also accomplish Red Chi
na's entrance into the UN,
Cheng said.
Although Red China will
probably not be admitted
this year, Cheng said,
France and Great Britain
both favor seating China.
Face Fact
Both France and Great
Britain recognize Red China
diplomatically but they
do not recognize Nationalist
China. The two American
allies claim that Red China
is there and we must face
the fact, Cheng stated.
Cheng believes that Red
Bloc nations will vote for
China's admittance and
NEWS
OUTLOOK
also neutral nations such as
India, which are geograph
ically associated with Red
China and therefore endan
gered by it.
India feels that if China
becomes a member of t h e
UN, it will be forced to
maintain less aggressive
policies, Cheng said.
Several neutralist na
tions favor the admission
of Red China such as India,
Burma, and Cambodia.
Other neutrals as Cypress,
Iran, Iceland and Saudi
Arabia have abstained
from voting on the issue.
The voting bloc of na
tions opposed to Commu
nist China's seating consist
of the Latin American re
publics and countries
which have retained diplo
matic relations with Na
tionalist China.
Eventually Accepted
Cheng said the U.S. stand
against the admission of
China is not an advantage
internationally because it
is inevitable that the coun
try will eventually be ac
cepted into the UN.
"I think there is a possi
bility of the U.S. changing
its present stand, due to a
review of our policy on Chi
na, a public opinion change
and the Viet Nam situation,"
Cheng said.
"If China is waiting to
help bring a settlement of
the Viet Nam situation, then
the U.S. may change Its at
titude. However, China has
made no effort to settle the
crisis and so the U.S. has
continued its policy" oppos
ing China's admission to
the UN, Cheng explained.
Cheng noted that the ad
mission of Red China would
be conducted in the Gener
al Assembly not within the
Security Council, thus
eliminating the possibility
of a U.S. veto.
If formal relations were
established between the
U.S. and Red China, they
will also "benefit the Unit
ed States in many ways,"
Cheng said.
The traditional friendship
with the Chinese people
would be restored, Cheng
explained and "cultural ex
changes and trade rela
tions adopted." If the two
countries could reach a po
litical agreement in the Far
East, America's peace
keeping burden would be
reduced, Cheng added.
Cheng has recently edit
ed a paper proposing a so
lution to the problem of
Red China's seat in the
UN.
Two-China Formula
He stated that the "Two
China" formula which has
the support of many na
tions is not workable. Un
der this type of solution
both Chinas would be rep
resented according to t h e
"Successor States" idea.
Nationalist China and
Communist China would be
seated as "representatives
of two successor states' to
the original Republic of
China," Cheng explained.
If the countries were seat
ed by this method neither
Red China nor Nationalist
China would retain a seat
on the Security Council.
Cheng said "it is doubt
ful if either government
would accept this propos
al," because both coun
tries have been opposed to
any compromise solution.
Nationalist China lead
ers have stated they wmild
leave the organization
rather than "share Chinese
representation with Com
munist China," Cheng said,
However, several states,
including the U.S. reject
the claim that Formosa is
an integral part of China,
Cheng said, "and agree the
sovereignty of Formosa re
mains undetermined."
Taiwan Plebiscite
In his paper Cheng stat
ed that if it were legally
determined that Formosa
is not an integral part of
China the status of the is
land "would have to be de
termined by international
agreement or by a plebi
scite of the people of For
mosa." Cheng believes the solu
tion to Formosa's represen
tation in the UN lies in the
settlement of the legal stat
us of the island, decided
by the people, not Mao Tse
Tung or Chiang Kai-shek.
He advocates a UN trus
teeship over ths island
"pending its final status by
plebiscite," which would
produce a majority favor
ing the creation of an inde
pendent state on Formosa.
As a new state, the island
could apply for UN mem
bership and the issue on
Chinese representation
would be solved by a "one
China and one Taiwan for
mula' Cheng explained.
-a"W "NlKiFJ laV 1 - I.
ffIri lift
The apparent inability of the Nebras
ka Supreme Court to come to a decision
on the question of who really owns unau
thorized improvements on state-owned
.school lands probably will force the State
Board of Educational Lands and Funds
to make some big decisions soon.
John Olson, board secretary, said the
board will. have to decide whether to
give another one-year extension to 280 ten
ants whose 12-year leases expired Dec.
31, 1965.
All of these leases, covering 67,600
acres have improvements on them which
would be affected by the Supreme Court's
decision.
Not until the verdict comes down can
the board follow legislative orders and
sell the 1.6 million acres of state-owned
real estate as the leases expire.
Due to expire Dec. 31, 1966 are 217
more leases on 61,316 acres, Olson said.
A Lancaster District Court decision
on the improvements issue earlier this
year generally favored tenants. The ap
peal to the Supreme Court was heard
last spring.
Olson reported the board acting on
Dept. of Justice advice did not approve
the planting of wheat on any of the leas
es held by tenants on one-year lease ex
tensions. "The board was in no position to give
approvals," Olson said. He noted a pos
sibility the person who planted fall-seeded
crops would not have any rights to the
grain at harvest time next year.
Lincoln Star
LBJ Receives Visitors After Surgery
Volgyes Discusses Views
On Red China's Admission
s
4 S OAr
VOLGYES . . . U.S. foreign policy will determine fate
of Red China In the U.N.
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Whether or not Red
China will be admitted to
the United Nations is some
thing that Ivan Volgyes, as
sociate professor of politi
cal science, does not care
to prophesy.
"I have an agreement
with God. He does not
teach international relations
and I do not make prophe
sies," Volgyes declared.
He bases American op
position to Red China being
admitted to the United Na
tions on the fact that, his
torically, a dogmatism has
developed in the United
States in opposition.
"We pay too much atten
tion to what China threat
ens to do and not what they
actually accomplish. There
is a dogmatism between the
two countries that both are
arch enemies, but the
problem is more complex
than this," he stated.
Having the Chinese m the
United Nations would be
advantageous if they at-
CityToHold
Open Court
On Licenses
A public hearing will be
held next Monday at 1:30
p.m. to allow the public to
express opinions on the
type of liquor-by-the-drink
policy needed in Lincoln.
The hearing was ap
proved by the Lincoln City
Council in Monday'i coun
cil meeting and an execu
tive session.
Councilman John Mason
said that he favors tying
the liquor-by-the-drink li
censes into eating estab
lishments, but that the
Council wishes to avoid a
honky-tonk atmosphere.
Mayor Dean Petersen
said that the present li
quor policy in Lincoln "has
been swept under the rug."
The Council bat prepared
a resolution calling for a
meeting on Dec. S for the
first ten applicants that
have applied for the Class
C liquor license.
There has been some dis
cussion that the City Coun
cil is presently considering
limiting the numbers of li
censes in Lincoln, and that
some establishments re
questing licenses may not
get them.
Campus Calendar standing
tacked in Viet Nam, the ac
tion in retaliation would
come not from the United
States but from the United
' Nations," Volgyes contin
ued. "Another advantage is
that we could apply effec
tive economic sanctions
against China if they were
bellicose."
A disadvantage that Vol
gyes sees is that if Red Chi
na is admitted to the U.N.
and to the Security Council
-in place of the Nationalist
Chinese, the U.S. could not
depend on a veto in the Se
curity Council.
"However, I say it does
not matter if China is ad
mitted. In the end, Ameri
can foreign policy would de
cide our course of action
regardless of Red China
was in the United Nations
or not," he declared.
"Besides, the U.N. has no
sanction or has never used
one that is effective. In
Korea, it was the Ameri
cans. The Cyprus sanction
was by the great powers.
Within the United Nations,
the great powers have done
what they have wanted to,"
Volgyes said.
The U.S., according to
Volgyes, has always fol
lowed the policy of being
friendly to the people of
China while opposing the
government.
"I say this is an impos
sibility. You can't like a
people and hate its govern
ment, or vice versa."
"In International relations
It boils down to this. You
can't afford, in the long
run, to hide your head In
the sand. For animals that
do, get eaten by lions that
go roaring by," he stressed.
The famous domino the
ory of the Far East, which
says if China falls into the
hands of Communists, then
Indochina will follow, was
discredited by Volgyes.
"I would rather see a
Communist country friend
ly to the United States than
a democratic country that
opposes us. Jt, is not our
business to select allies on
the basis of their internal
structure but on their for
eign policy," he explained.
Volgyes said that he has
long advocated the policy
that America should sup
port a revolutionary coun
try. "They may be successful
if we lead them. After all,
we got our Independence by
means of a revolution."
"To pick a loser is the
worst crime that a govern
ment can commit," Vol
gyes stressed. "The United
States and the Soviet Union
have a common enemy de
veloping. We simply backed
the wrong side in not sup
porting Mao," he said.
"Peace in the long run,
however, and our chance
for survival and success in
the international scene de
pends on out alliance with
the Soviet Union. Our pol
icies, the way they are pre
sently, are disastrous, bum
bling, idiotic and noncon
structive in their terms," he
continued.
"Ideology doesn't matter,
but the cold hard facts of
national interest do. His
tory has proven this ac
count," Volgyes said.
Washington (UPI) President John
son, bouncing back smartly from double
surgery had a get-well visit from Gen.
Dwight D. Eisenhower Thursday and got
out of bed unaided and held another
news conference of sorts.
Barely 24 hours off the operating
table, the President graphically demon
strated doctors' prognosis that he is mak
ing "very satisfactory" recovery from
Wednesday's throat and abdominal oper
ations. For the second time since the opera
tions a few reporters were allowed in the
presidential suite at Bethesda Naval Hos
pital. Johnson did not try to hide the
fact that his throat hurts from removal
of a polyp from the right vocal cord.
"It hurts all the time," he told re
porters, speaking softly. This time he
communicated without aid of a pencil and
pad, which he used part of the time
Wednesday.
He explained that speaking did not
cause a strain as long as he kept his
voice at "low volume."
The President looked well and h i s
voice was vastly improved over the
croaky efforts he made Wednesday mor
ning, not long after the operations when
a half-dezen reporters saw him. He was
quite cheerful Thursday in spite of his
pain.
The President was up early after a
few hours of sleep. He got out of bed
without help at around 6 a.m.
He had his first solid meal since Tues
day night.
The Lincoln Journal
Pressure Mounts In India's Cabinet
New Delhi India is approaching a
critical stage in its existence.
The next few days could be decisive
for its future as a free democracy. Prime
Minister Indira Gandhi is under heavy
party pressure to reshuffle her Cabinet
immediately. One senior party member
has even advised , its fc complete dissolu
tion. ' ''I'. ,... '.''.'.,..
This threshold of climax was reached
here after months of rising nationwide
violence and lawlessness by seemingly
desperate and unconnected elements of so
ciety which federal and stage govern
ments have been unable to curb or con
trol. A mob of hundreds of yelling half
naked Sandus armed with knives and axes
mounted an attack on the Parliament, an
attack deliberately provoked by Parlia
ment member, Swami Rameshwarnand.
What was meant to be a peaceful
demonstration demanding a total ban on
cow slaughter suddenly erupted into a
pitched battle the type that New Delhi
has never before seen.
Both New and Old Delhi had a cur
few Monday night. Tuesday all schools,
colleges and shops were closed.
While the situation was brought under
control and the Army stood by, inside the
lower bouse the Prime Minister was tell
ing legislators: "This is not an attack
on the government, it is an attack on
our way of life." She warned the nation
that democracy itself was in danger.
In ringing tones she prpmjsed that
from now on violence would, be met by
"full force".
Meanwhile the executive of the Con
gress Party demanded an immediate Ca
binet reshuffle. This is interpreted as a
demand for the removal of Home Min
ister Gulzarilal Nanda, ranking No. 2 in
the present Cabinet.
Mrs. Gandhi has called on the services
of Defense Minister Y. B. Chavan who
may be promoted to No. 2 position with
the Prime Minister herself holding the de
fense portfolio for a limited period.
Opinion is divded on the extent of
the disaster but most informed observers
agreed that a mere Cabinet reshuffle is
an ineffectual pallative.
There is a question as to whether the
Army will be asked to take over control,
at least on a limited law-and-order front.
The Christian Science Monitor
READ
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