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SCHULZE . . . definition of "total education.'
Wednesday, November
Key To Viet War
Is Infrastructure
EDITOR'S NOTE: Howard
Moffett, 1956-66 editor of the
Yale Daily News, is a full
time correspondent in South
Viet Nam for the Collegiate
Press Service. His reports
will appear in the Daily Ne
braskan. In this article, the first in
a two-part series, Moffett de
scribes the social context in
which the war in Viet Nam is
being fought.
SAIGON (CPS)-Last year
at this time I was writing edi
torials calling the American
war in Viet Nam unjust, il
legal and anti-democratic.
I could still make a case
for the last two (it occurred
to me since that a just war
is a contradiction in terms).
But after a month in Viet
Nam, I am clear on one
thing: nothing here U that
simple, nothing is that black-and-white.
Those who talk about Viet
Nam in those terms, and on
the other hand those who
mouth cliches about defend
ing democracy and freedom
against Communist aggres
sion, have reduced one of the
most complicated and agon
izing situations in modern his
tory to shibboleths. Worse,
they have succeeded in imk
in these shibboleths virtual
ly the only terms of the pub
lic debate on Viet Nam.
Frame Of Reference
The following analysis is
quasi-sociological. It may
strike some as an intellectual
game, I see it rattier as an at
tempt to step back a bit and
establish a frame ol reference
against which further analys
is and interpretation may be
measured. It may also sug
gest some of the nazards in
volved in basing value judg
ments either on deadline
press reports or on personal
political preferences.
It is based on three assump
tions: (1) what is happening
here is as important a) what
should be happening here;
(2) What Is happening may
In the course of time affect
what should happen, i.e., the
use of power and the objec
tive conditions to which it
gives rise may cither under
mine or create a mor&l pre
rogative: morality, like pow
er, is not static, and must
sometimes be measured in
relative terms; (3) Neither
what is happening here nor
what should be happening
here are very adequately un
derstood by most Americans.
There is a struggle going
on in South Viet Nam between
two groups of people, eacn of
them numbering several mil
lions. In effect, they are two
separate societies, co-existing
within the same geographical
boundaries. Each is trying to
organize, strengthen and
sanction itself while weaken
ing or destroying the other.
Though each group num
bers millions, they are ioth
led by relatively small elites
which have developed their
own traditions, their own so
cial values, and their own
irorai intwect. Thfl majori
16, 1966
ty in each group are people
who, through varying degrees
of sophistication, are influ
enced by the traditions and
values of their elite but
stake little in its vested in
terests. Interest! Living
They are people like civil
servants, interested in salar
ies and a modicum of cul
ture, personal freedom a
opportunity for advancement;
or merchants, interested in
the free flow of trade and
economic stability; or sol
diers, interested in winning
without getting killed, recog
nition for bravery, and home
leave; or farmers, interested
in the weather, the market
for pigs, owning their own
land and being left alone.
These people have been at
war for over 20 years; almost
all of them are interested in
staying alive.
This is not to say that the
majority in each group do not
participate in the culture of
their elites they do, and
often by choice.
But it seems likely that in
a showdown, many in either
group would be willing to dis
sociate themselves from their
own elite and exchange its
culture for that of the other,
so long as their own popular
and private interests were not
seriously threatened.
In other words, the ideo
logical and material interests
of the two elites are not quite
so important to their respec
tive sub-groups, except where
-expert and intense propagan
da has taken effect over long
periods of time (as it has in
some areas on both sides).
This means that fundamen
tally at issue within South
Viet Nam are the traditions,
social values and vested in
terests of two opposing elites,
fighting to destroy each oth
er's control over substantial
portions of the population.
'Ha Tang Co So'
In such situations, the dis
tinction between being sup
ported by and exercising con
trol over different elements
of the population is, at best,
a hazy one. The question Is
illustrated by the importance
that both sides attach to the
concept of "infrastructure"
or its equivalent in Vietnam
ese, "ha tang co so."
Broadly speaking, an in
frastructure is any system of
organized authority. Implicit
in the concept is the idea that
an infrastructure whether
at the hamlet or national lev
el cannot exercise control
over people without having
their support in substantial
degree. Conversely, if control
can be established, support
may be developed over time
through popular administra
tion. The personnel of tneir re
spective Infrastructures are
the primary weapons in tne
power struggle going on here
at every level between the
government and the Vict
Cong. Major elements of each
infrastructure are devoted to
font. On P(f. 4. Col. 7
By RANDY IREY
Senior Staff Writer
A rough draft of a student
bill of rights is scheduled to
be completed by Sunday
afternoon, according to Dick
Schulze, chairman of the
ASUN Student Conduct com
mittee. He explained that at last
Sunday's committee meeting,
the members began drafting
this first rough copy of a bill
of rights. At this time, the
work on a statement or de
finition of "total education.
"We need a statement of
total e d u c a t i o n," Schulze
stressed, "so we can relate
our bill of rights to total edu
cation since it is the basis
on which a student bill of
rights would have to be de
veloped. "Following completion of
the first rough draft, the com
mittee will probably approve
the statement of total educa
tion and the bill of rights at
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MARRIAGE . . . Peace Corps style is recommended by Bill and Jan Owens
Peace Corps Test Results
In Pair's Jamaican Service
By Toni Victor
Senior Staff Writer
Eight days after their mar
riage ceremony, Bill and Jan
Owens took a Peace Corps
test that led them to two
years of service in Jamaica.
The Owens' are part of the
recruiting team on campus
this week to sign up Peace
Corps volunteers. Their story
of marriage, Peace Corps
style, is similar to the ten
per cent of wedded volun
teers who enter training for
the corps. Within a year after
training the number of couples
increases to 20 per cent.
"I wouldn't hesitate to re
commend a Peace Corps mar
riage for anyone," Bill smiled.
A former California school
teacher, Bill stated that he
and Jan shared a mutual en
thusiasm for living abroad
and curiosity about foreign
people and customs. After the
training period, they were
sent to the village in Jamaica.
They lived for two years
in a five-room block house,
complete wiih cold water
plumbing and electricity, as
they carried on their Peace
Corps w o r k as school teach
ers. "I developed tremendous
respect for my wife because
of what she's been through
and because she was able to
adjust," Bill declared.
As a Peace Corps housewife
and volunteer, Jan admitted
that she did have to make
some adjustments, as far as
general living conditions were
concerned. Because there was
little American food, she ate
and prepared such native
dishes as boiled green bana
nas and codfish. The number
of insects In the tropics ne
cessitated a mosquito net at
night and constant surveil
lance by day.
Bill's work in the village in
cluded teaching woodworking
and acting as night watch
man at the local school. Jan
Of Right
our next meeting on Dec. 4,"
he said.
Need Comments
In projecting a proposed
timetable for the bill of rights,
Schulze said that in Decem
ber, the committee will be
gin visiting living units.
"Copies of the bill will be
sent to the living units several
days before we plan to meet
with them. This will give
them a chance to talk about
the bill so they can present
their ideas to us," Schulze
continued.
"The purpose of going to
the living units is to draft a
bill of rights. The students
will, in reality be drafting
the bill by showing us in their
comments what they want,"
he explained.
Toward the end of Febru
ary, Schulze hopes for a peak
in activity with a possibility
of a rally with discussion of
the final copy of the bill of
rights by students, adminis
The Daily Nebraskan
set up a home economics
center in the school and
taught courses there. Both
husband and wife held liter
acy classes at night.
Bill said that being an or
dinary school teacher and
housewife raising children in
U.S. suburbia is not nearly
as interesting as living in a
foreign country.
Jan explained the Peace
Corps as a "safe way to do
something dangerous." Both
felt that they had gained
more than they had given by
serving in the corps.
While noting the marital
disadvantage of "over-expo-cure
a 24-hour existence to
gether," Bill listed the many
advantages in Peace Corp
marriage and service In gen
eral. "You get to know each
other as thoroughly as if you'd
been married 15 years," he
stated.
Other advantages, accord
ing to Bill, are the factor of
double pay, vacations togeth
er, and the respect the couple
receives from the host coun
try and American peers. He
said that being married in
Competitors Seek
Government Jobs
Students interested in
summer jobs covered by a
nationwide competitive of
fice and science assistant
examinations may apply to
take the test on or before
two filing dates Dec. 9,
1966 and Jan. 9, 1967.
This examination, which
includes a written test, is
for summer jobs at grades
GS-1 through 4 with salaries
ranging from $69 to $92 a
week.
The test will be given in
more than 1,000 cities
throughout the country on
Nov. 26, 1966; Jan. 9, 1967
and Feb. 4, 1967.
s Nears Completion
tration and faculty members.
"However, this will not be
the only discussion. To pro
vide constant dialogue be
tween the students, adminis
tration and the faculty is an
important purpose of our com
mittee," Schulze declared.
"This is necessary so that
when we go through the
channels for approval of the
bill, we won't be hitting any
one in the face with cold
water. They will be familiar
with all aspects of the bill."
The committee believes that
a bill of rights should be en
acted as amendments to the
present ASUN consitution, ac
cording to Schulze. To be in
accordance with the rules
concerning amendments, the
bill would have to be sub
mitted 27 days before the
spring election, when the
amendments are ratified to
the constitution.
Schulze said that the proce
dure which would probably
the Peace Corps gives a per
son someone to turn to in an
otherwise lonely situation.
The Peace Corps accepts
both engaged and married
couples for training and ser
vice. In some countries, they
will allow the couple to have a
child at the government's ex
pense. According to Bill, however,
the corps frowns upon volun
teer marriages to nationals
in host countries because of
the vast cultural differences.
The Owens and Dick Con
nerely, a bachelor who served
in Kenya, will be manning
the Peace Corps booth in the
Nebraska Union throughout
the week.
Films depicting life in host
countries will be shown
Wednesday through Friday
and tests for applicants wiil
be held until Saturday.
'Star Of Wonder'
Starts At Mueller
One of the most famous
astronomical events in his
tory, the Star that led the
three wise men to Bethle
hem, is featured in a new
sky show in the University
Planetarium.
Entitled "Star of Won
der," the show examines
the scientific and superna
tural explanations of the
phenomenon that announced
the birth of the Christ Child.
The new show will begin
Wednesday with showings
at 8 p.m. Wednesdays, 2:45
p.m. Saturdays and at 2:30
and 3:45 p.m. Sundays. In
addition, public shows will
be given Monday through
Friday at 2:45 p.m. the
week preceding and the
week following Christmas.
The show will run through
Jan. 2, with no showings on
Christmas and New Year's
Day.
be utilized in getting the
amendments on the ballot
would be through Student
Senate initiation. The Senate
must approve by a two-thirds
vote to initiate a measure
such as this.
Follow What Channels?
"The student body would
have to approve the bill by a
majority of 30 of the stu
dents voting: or by approval
of 15 per cent of the students
if the former couldn't be met,"
Schulze explained.
"The question of where the
bill of rights would go after
it receives student approval is
difficult to determine," he
emphasized. "It would most
likely follow the path that the
ASUN constitution did in ob
taining approval."
"The constitution went to
the Faculty Senate and then
to the Board of Regents for
approval. It is my personal
feeling that this would be a
good way to have it done,"
Registration To Begin
For Spring Semester
Early registration for sec
ond semester classes will be
conducted from Nov. 18 to
Dec. 9, according to Lee Chat
field, Associate Dean of Stu
dent Affairs.
Students must return com
pleted schedule worksheets
and a $50 class reservation
deposit to the Bursar's Office
before 5 p.m. Dec. 9 or they
will be required to wait until
general registration Jan. 26
to 28.
Class schedule books, trip
licate copies of worksheets
and fee cards will be avail
able Nov. 18-22 from 207 Ag.
Hall, the Nebraska Union
and in campus residtnce
halls. The materials may aiso
be obtained from the Regis
trar counter in the Adminis
tration building.
Priority for choice of course
will be established on the bas
is of seniority and the time
the worksheet and $50 deposit
are received in the Office of
the Bursar.
Students with 89 or in o r e
credit hours at the end of the
summer session will receive
top priority if their work
sheets are received by 5 p.m.
Nov. 22.
Receiving second priority
will be students with 53-f.8
credit hours, if their work
sheets are received between
Nov. 18 and 30.
The worksheets of students
with 27-52 hours will be proc
essed next if their worksheets
are received between Nov. 18
and Dec. 5.
Freshmen worksheets will
receive priority if they are
received between Nov. 18 and
Dec. 9.
Chatfield said the $50 class
reservation deposit serves
two purposes, as an advance
payment on fees and as a
method for estimating the
number of students who will
be returning next semester.
Chatfield added that 95 per
cent of the students who paid
a $50 deposit last spring re
turned to classes this fall and
of the five per cent .vho did
not return, almost four per
cent asked for refunds.
The pass-fail privilege,
passed by the ASUN last
spring, will become effective
next semester. Students ho
have attained a junior stand
ing may participate in the
Borchers Named
Permanent Head
The new chairman of the
department of biochemistry
and nutirition is Dr. Ray
mond Borchers.
Borchers, who has been
acting chairman, was
named to the post by the
Board of Regents Saturday.
He joined the University
staff in 1945 after serving
as instructor and acting
chairman of biochemistry at .
Creighton Medical School
in Omaha.
The Regents also named
Dr. Robert B'lorell state
leader of studies and train
ing in the University Ex
tension Division. Florell has
been program coordinator
at the Nebraska Center for
Continuing Education.
Schulze stated.
"I would like to see all the
groups students, adminis
tration, and faculty approve
these amendments. This, I
feel, is necessary, since we
are all equal members in a
community. But I do not know
at this time whether this will
be the channels the bill will
follow."
Schulze feels that it is his
committee's responsibility to
work with administration.
"It is our duty to feel
things out and know adminis
tration's attitudes. It is up to
the students to decide, if the
administration opposes a part
of the bill, if the cost would
be worth obtaining the right,"
he commented.
"However, I do feel It the
duty of the committee to meet
the problems head on. If the
authors evade the issue, there
is no purpose in writing a bill
Cont. On Pg. 4, Col. 1
Vol. 90, No. -36
system and should signify
this on their worksheets.
A student may take a max
imum of four classes, not to
exceed a maximum of 12
hours on this system. Stu
dents may not take more
than two courses in any one
department on a pass-fail ba
sis. An "F" will be given under
the existing system for com
puting grades for a failure.
A "pass" will count as the
specified number of hours
earned but will not be tabu
lated in determining the ac
cumulative average.
Students who take courses
on a pass-fail basis have the
option to convert to a graded
basis, or vice versa, during
the published add period at
the beginning of the semes
ter. Journalist
To Speak
Thursday
Herb Kaplow, veteran Na
tional Broadcasting Company
news correspondent, will
speak at an all-East Campus
convocation in the Student
Activities building at 4 p.m.
Thursday.
Kaplow is a graduate of
Queen's College In New York
City. He subsequently earned
a master's degree In journal
ism at Northwestern Univer
sity in Chicago.
Kaplow joined NBC in 1951.
Since then he has covered
three national political cam
paigns and every space shot.
(He spent Monday and Tues
day of this week on the air
craft carrier Wasp as part
of NBC's Gemeni-12coverage.)
Kapalow has always been
in the cente of politics. He
was the first newsman to in
terview Vice President Nixon
after he was stoned by mob
in Venezuela.
It was Kaplow who man
aged to corner Nixon on a
fire escape at the end of the
1960 campaign, just befort
Nixon entered the hall where
he was to make his conces
sion speech. Less alert news
men were Inside the conven
tion hall waiting for Nixon.
Kaplow's speech is entitled
"View from the Top."
1: f
W i
Kaplow
