The Daily Nebraskan
Page 5--
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city, state, National, World Agreement rrospects Dim ...
Friday, October 28, 1966
(Week In Review Jewish 'Homeland' Refuted By Arabs
3
Nebraska May Overhaul Constitution
Nebraska's 91-year-old constitution
which has undergone only one major over
haul by constitutional convention since
its adoption in 1875 will be subject to 18
possible piecemeal changes in the Nov.
8 general election.
Only once since the 1875 constitution
was adopted have so many proposed
changes confronted voters at one time.
The large number of amendments at
issue this year is expected to prompt re
newed agitation for another constitutional
convention which would subject the entire
constitution to review and revision.
State Senator Marvin E. Stromer of
Lincoln says he will introduce a constitu
tional convention bill as a parting shot
before he leaves the legislature to devote
full time to teaching at Scottsbluff.
Such bills have been introduced at sev
eral recent legislative sessions but never
have received lawmaker approval. It
would require a vote of the people to call
such a convention even were the Legisla
ture to approve.
Supporters of the constitutional con
vention can be counted upon to call atten
tion to the fact that more and more
amendments keep getting proposed and
approved.
Forty-eight amendments have been
added to the constitution since 1920, but
40 of these have been adopted since 1952.
Altogether the Legislature has consid
ered 278 bills proposing constitutional
changes in the last 35 years.
Proponents of the major overhaul con
stitutional convention approach can be ex
pected to suggest that voters have trou
ble informing themselves and exercising
good judgement about the many consti
tutional issues at stake this year.
A proposed amendment is approved
only if it receives a majority of all votes
cast and if the favoring votes equal at
least 35 per cent of the total votes cast.
If a large segment of voters should
refrain from voting out of dismay, dis
gust or confusion, the 35 per cent require
ment could cause some amendments to
fail despite the approving vote of those
ballotisg.
The Lincoln Evening Journal
Racial Strife Lacking In New Orleans
Racial turbulence, which has erupted
in many cities has been notably lacking
in New Orleans.
Insiders credit this significant achieve
ment to several factors:
1. Moderation of Negro leaders.
2. Absence of Negro ghettos.
3. Negro advances in business.
New Orleans public schools were first
integrated in 1960. Sporadic racial out
bursts followed. But they evaporated un
der moderate Negro leadership.
In succeeding years integration has
proceeded apace. During this period,
more than 3,000 Negro pupils in lower
grades have been absorbed harmoniously
into previously all-white schools.
"There just aren't the grievances to
adjust to in New Orleans that you find
in other cities," says attorney A. P. Tur
eaud, one of the city's respected Negro
leaders.
There are no great concentrations of
Negroes. Few residential areas of the city
proper are segregated. "This residential
pattern", he says, "vastly diminishes the
threat of riots."
The Christian Science Monitor
Population To Double By Year 2000
In 34 years the world's population will
double.
That is the latest revised United Na
tions forecast. And it is a "medium" fig
ure at that.
According to a new UN study, "World
Population Prospects", turn of the cen
tury population may reach 6.13 billion.
This is some 180 million more than the
UN projection of two years ago.
UN specialists consider this a realis
tic forecast. Their predictions for the year
2000 range from a high of 6.994 billion
to a low of 5.449 billion.
The population of poorer lands con
tinues to outstrip that in wealthier, indus
trialized Europe and North America.
According to the UN projection, un
derdeveloped countries will comprise 76
per cent of the world's people in the year
2000. In 1960 the figure was 67 per cent.
Annual growth rates in the poorer
lands are almost twice those in devel
oped nations ranging from 1 to 3.5 per
cent in the former as compared to .5
through 1.7 ia the latter.
In a speech to the 50th anniversary
meeting of the Planned Parenthood move
ment in New York, Dr. B. R. Sen, direct
or of the UN Food and Agriculture Or
ganization, warned that there is "danger
of large-scale famines in some of the most
densely populated areas of the world"
because food production is lagging while
the rate of population expansion contin
ues. The UN population projection study
proceeds with cau ion on the subject of
how long the present "population explo
sion" may continue.
It develops "medium" figures on the
assumption of "an accelerated growth
which eventually slows down, sooner in
some regions, later in others."
The rate may drop back through de
clining fertility. But such a drop would
not happen within a few decades even
if fertility decline were to set in at once."
The Christian Science Monitor
Asians Aim At Partnership Of Equals
The effort of Asian leaders to collect
on President Johnson's promise of a part
nership of equals and the President's man
euvering to decide how far he can go are
the dominant themes of the Manila
talks.
The Asian nations want to be consult
ed by the United States. They want a di
rect share in setting the conditions of ne
gotiated peace in Vietnam.
President Johnson, on his side, can
not share the power of his country in
making of decisions to guide the use of
that power beyond carefully restricted li
mits. Johnson is committed only to a lim
ited consultation.
Johnson is in favor of economic aid
with firm American conditions attached.
In sum the chief issues of the con
ference appear to be:
1. How the aims of the United States
can be adjusted to the diversity of de
sires and goals of much less powerful
nations.
2. How the stated methods of achiev
ing this at the end of the conference will
prove in terms of actions to fit the words.
As the conference nears its conclusion,
the unequal positions of the "equal part
ners" will not be adjusted here, for this
conference is more to set patterns and
attitudes than to freeze positions.
But it is evident that the way John
son handles this delicate role will give
the Asians an advance indication of how
equal or unequal their status is and what
the Johnson friendly diplomacy means in
terms of the use of power in peace
maneuvers and in economic and military
operations.
The Christian Science Monitor
Brazil's Congress Forced To Recess
Military rule In Brazil tightened this
past week. By ordering the Congress into
recess to end its defiance of his orders,
Marshal Castelo Branco shut down one of
the few democratic showcases remaining
in Brazil
The action led to significant protests
from many in Brazil who had previously
reacted favorably to the efforts of Presi
dent Castelo Eranco.
His action came after a portion of the
Chamber of Deputies refused to recognize
his decree purging six deputies and re
moving their political rights for 10 years.
The clash between the executive and
the legislature was a sharp one involving
Branco's wide-sweeping powers to rule
Brazil without congressional review versus
growing congressional discontent.
In such a contest, the closing of Con
gress appeared to observers In Brazil to be
about the only course open to the Presi
dent. Yet It illustrated the military govern
ment's inability to inspire national confi
dence. And it further showed the deteri
oration of the good will the Army had In
many quarters folic wing its ouster of
Joaq Goulart in 1964.
Observers are looking to next month's
congressional election for indications of
what direction the country will head next.
The opposition party stands to pick
up a large number of seats but it fears
it may have them purge as undesirable.
Brazil's military argue that anti-revolutionary
activities must be stamped out
and that nothing must be permitted to
stand in the way of its planned reforms
of Brazilian life.
The Christian Science Monitor
Saturday Night
At Th SABER CLUB
The Fabulous
C3Q5D0DD.il
With Their Hit "14 Years"
Dancing 8:30-12
Notice: College I.D. sufficient membership
Don't forget: College Night November 4
By Cheryl Trltt
Junior Staff Writer
The hostilities which ex
ist between the Arab na
tions and Israel stem from
the Arabs' refusal to recog
nize Israel as a Jewish
homeland.
Since Great Britain gave
up its mandate to adminis
ter Palestine in 1947 and
Israel was ' established as
an independent nation in
1948, border skirmishes and
conflicts have erupted pe
riodically between Israel
and the neighboring Arab
nations.
Following the Arabs' at
tempt to defeat by military
force the newly-formed
Israeli state in 1948, the
United Nations mediate a
truce between the two na
tions which has been in ef
fect for 18 years.
However, no final settle
ment has been reached, W.
N. Hogan, University pro
fessor of political science
said.
Aside from the Arabs' re
fusal to recognize Israel
as a nation, a refugee prob
lem is also creating tension,
Hogan said.
Approximately one mil
lion Arabs who fled Pales
tine during the Arab inva
sion in 1948 are living along
the Isareli borders.
These refugees claim
they have been evicted
from their rightful homes
and demand the return of
their property in Israel.
These refugees, with the
backing of the Arab gov
ernment, have been cross
ing the border in small
bands and terrorizing the
surrounding border areas.
Hogan noted that the Israel-Arab
dispute can not
be settled until the refugee
problem is settled.
"I don't see any prospects
for agreement between the
two nations," Hogan said,
"and there will probably be
an Indefinite continuation
of the occasional flare-ups
and UN interventions."
However, Hogan ex
pressed that he didn't be
lieve there would be a ma
jor war between the two
countries in the near fu
ture. Consulate's Speech
Both sides of the Israeli
Arab dispute were voiced
Thursday at a speech given
by the Israeli consulate of
Chicago, Gad Ranon, dur
ing a Union Talks and Top
ics program.
Following the speech Ra
non and several Syrian ex
change students debated
the problems which exist
between their respective
countries.
Ranon said that Israel is
an "entrenched reality" and
the Arabs have to "come
to terms with their dream
of destroying Israel."
Ranon said that the Arabs
have an advantage of terri
tory, population, wealth
and membership in interna
tional organizations "where
numbers count" but that
these factors do not enti
tle them to decide whether
Israel should exist.
The Arab's policy to "re
duce our territory, thwart
our diplomatic relations,
bar our admission into in
ternational organizations
and boycott our trade" has
not been completely suc
cessful, Ranon declared.
The Israeli policy, Ranon
said, is to hold its "absolute
right of sovereignty and in
tegrity, to insist on a pre
cise application of the UN
charter and to make no
claim against other coun
tries' independence.
Add Rebellion Muscle
Supermarket Boycotts
The housewives' rebellion
added muscle to its grocery
counter insurrection Thurs
day by supermarket boy
cotts timed to cut into the
heavy ' weekend fo. d buy
ing. Traditionally, the week
end brings another p a y-
Unions Continue
Wage Hike Talks
Westinghouse E 1 e c trie
Corporation reached con
tract accord with two un
ions and continued negotia
tions with two other unions.
The Federation of West
inghouse Salaried Unions
and the AFL-CIO Interna
tional Union of Electrical
workers, representing a to
tal of about 54,000 employ
ees reached agreement with
the firm over the weekend.
The company has submit
ted similar proposals to the
AFL-CIO Interna tional
Brotherhood of Electrical
Workers and the Independ
ent United Electrical Work
ers. The company said the
agreed wage increases
amounted to about 4 per
cent. The Christian Science
Monitor.
check and a trip to the gro
cery for the .veek's food
supplies. The petticoat reb
els planned to put a squeeze
on supermarkets to lower
food prices.
Many of the m i 1 i t a n t
mothers from the East
Coast to the Hawaiian Is
lands demanded an end to
promotional gimmicks and
trading stamps, two items
stores have long claimed
actually lowered prices by
raising volume.
Supermarket operators,
insisting their prof.ts have
been slashed by inflation,
promised to battle rising
prices.
Members of the National
Association of Food Chains
pledged "a continuation of
active and agressive efforts
to fight inflation."
Organizations in at least
eight large areas ranging
in size from city-wide to
whole countries and sec
tions of states, planned or
were involved in boycotts
of markets Thursday.
The Lincoln Journal
Nebraskan
Want Ads
Red Allies Issue
No Viet Statement
The Kremlin and its eight
allies who met for a week
of intensive summit talks
In Moscow have kept silent
about any decisions on Viet
Nam, China or other issues.
The laconic nature of the
communique issued at the
end of the meetings has
given rise to some specula
tion that the Soviet bloc
may be preparing quiet
new inntiatives aimed at a
political settlement of the
Viet Nam war.
The
Christian Science Monitor
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SUNDAY NOV. 48:00 IP M.
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The Consulate added that
the rift between Israel and
the Arab nations could be
settled only by "sitting
down to a conference table
and rationally discussing
the problems."
A Syrian exchange stu
dent, Faronk Muwakkl,
said the Arab nations have
reversed the views they
held when Israel first be
came a nation.
The Arab nations former
ly wished to destroy Israel,
he said, but now the Arabs
want the one million refu
gees living on the Israeli
borders to be allowed to re
turn to their native homes.
"We are not opposed to
Judaism, Muwakki de
clared, we are opposed to
Zionism."
The inauguration of a
Zionist Movement in the
late 19th century caused a
wave of Jewish people to
Palestine who were emi
grating from their home
lands to seek religious and
political refuge in this land.
'Homeland
The Arabs basic argu
ment against Israel is that
they do not believe a coun
try should exist as a "home
land for one group of peo
ple" and other races be
evicted from their own
country, Muwakki said.
Muwakki added that
Jews live in the Arab coun
tries without discrimina
tion and this same state
should be found in Israel.
The Arabs now wish to
enact a UN resolution
which was first proposed In
1948 but was voted against
by five Arab nations and
was never affected, Muwak
ki said.
The resolution called for
a reinstatement of the Arab
refugees to their home
land and an economic par
tition to be established.
Muwakki said that Israeli-Arab
conflict will be
concluded when the Arabs
are allowed to return to
their homes and "Christian,
Jew and Arab alike can
live in peace in a Holy
Land rather than Israel." .
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PROFESSOR HOGAN . . . little chance for settlement.
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