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No Federal Grants Where Fraternities Discriminate
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Tuesday, June 29, 1965
Lincoln, Nebraska
No. 3
Lt. Cmdr. Walsh: Man May Return
To Sea To Satisfy His Future Needs
The human race is being
forced back into the sea for
survival, according to Lt.
Cmdr. Don Walsh, a soft-spoken
navy man who appeared
at the University last week.
Because of the population
explosion, there arc new
mouths to feed and a need
for more places to live.
Walsh said that he did not
think the answer to the prob
lem lies In space unless we
"just load people on a one
way rocket and send them
out there."
The concept of man in the
sea, while it is just getting
under way, has been envision
ed by artists and scientists.
Walsh, during his presentation,
showed slides of artists'
sketches of underwater
dwellings for humans.
Walsh spoke about the
"world ocean," which in
cludes all the water area on
the whole globe. He said that
while man has explored space
to a great extent, he has
"only looked at 29 or 30 per
cent of his planet, since 71
per cent of the world is un
der the oceans.
The area of e sea floor Is
nine times greater than the
surface of the moon, he sail,
but man actually knows more
about the moon.
Walsh pointed up an impor
tant role the United States
could take with regard to the
50 per cent of the world's pop
ulation which is starving.
These people are starving for
Jack of a protein diet, Walsh
said. He added that the sea
offers the greatest source for
feeding these people.
"The United States should
take the lead here to help
these nations," he said.
Last year the United States
imported more sea food than
it caught, Walsh said. "The
United States is in seventh
place and going down in sea
products." Japan is in first
place, with Red China run
ning second and the u.b.&.k.
in third place, according to
the navy researcher.
The oceans are the high
ways of commerce linking the
world together. Ninety-eight
per cent of all trade in the
world is carried by ship, ac
cording to Walsh.
He compared the price of
shipping by ship, which is ten
cents; by railroad, one dol
lar; by truck, ten dollars;
and air, 100 dollars.
Walsh said that the Soviet
Union presently has 450 sub
marines, the largest fleet in
the world by twice, since the
Soviets have twice as many
submarines as the United
States.
"If they put all of them in
the water at once, we would
be lost," Walsh said.
He also said that in the
area of missies, the United
States is at somewhat of a
disadvantage because it ob
serves the three-mile limit for
national waters. "That means
that Soviet ships can come
within 6,000 feet of our coast,
and it doesn't take a very
complex system to get a hit
from that far."
The answer to these prob
lems, according to Walsh, Is
to gain a knowledge of the
environment. "This (the wa
ter) Is probably where future
battles will take place," he
said.
In 20 to 30 years, the United
States will have to investigate
the oceans because of these
political, military and popula
tions considerations, he said.
To conduct such investiga
tions the science of oceano
graphy must be utilized to a
greater extent, Walsh said.
While oceanography today
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Lt. Cmdr. Walsh explains the Man in the Sea concept to Rita Rotherham, Jran
nie Howard and Barbara Minshall at a question and answer session held the day after
his speech for the World Preview Series.
Porter Evenin
et In Pershin;
,
4.
The first All-State event
ever to be presented at Per
shing Auditorium will be the
"Evening With Cole Porter,"
tomorrow at 8 p.m.
This annual concert, spon
sored by the Nebraska Stu
dent Union, is part of the Un
ion Artist Series.
Moran said that he hopes
this year's crowd will be larg
er than ever for there will be
adequate space in Pershing.
The Music of Cole Porter
will be presented by the 1965
All-State Chorus and Orches
tra. Dr. Margaret Shelley
Vance is director of chorus
and soloists, and David Fowl
er is director of the orchestra.
Sixteen selections composed
by Cole Porter will be pre
sented, including: Begin the
Beguine, Night and Day, In
the Still of the Night, I Love
Paris and True Love.
Moran extended a special
invitation to students and to
the general public. Moran
said, "There will be no admis
sion charge, and this year
there won't be a space problem."
Filing Deadline
Five P.M. Today
All students who expect to
receive bachelors or ad
vanced degrees or certifi
cates at the close of the sum
mer session must make ap
plication for a degree by to
day if they have not already
done so.
Application may be made
at the Registrar's Office,
room 208, window 2, Adminis
tration Building between the
hours of 8 a.m. and 5 p.m.
Due to the July 4th
holiday weekend, the
Summer Nebraskan will
be distributed on Wednes
day of next week, instead
of the usual Tuesday.
is a falrly-wcll developed sci
ence, former Ideas of observ
ing the sea centered around
the idea of just "sitting on top
of it."
Walsh compared these ideas
to coming into Lincoln at night
in an airplane and blindly
dropping a grappling hook.
Pulling the hook up, the ob
servers find a fireman's hat,
a small dog and a piece of
sagebrush.
"On returning to Washing
ton, the observers go into
their laboratory and study the
specimens. They conclude that
Lincoln would not be a good
place to live since it is pop
ulated by firemen, dogs and
sagebrush."
Such an example, though it
seems ridiculous, character
izes the older techniques of
observation, Walsh said.
Today, however, there are
scientific techniques used
and scientific devices such
as bathyscaphes which aid
in going to the bottom of the
ocean for first-hand observ
ation. Walsh, who piloted the Tri
este bathyscaphe when it
dived to the deepest part of
the ocean ever reached by
man, said that the Trieste
has since been retired to go
to a museum.
The Trieste No. 2 will re
place it. This second craft
works the same way as the
original, although the design
was modified somewhat as a
result of experience.
The original Trieste found
the submarine Thrusher which
was lost at sea last year
with its crew.
Preceeding his talk, Walsh
maintained a steady stream
of conversation with the au
dience while photographers
snapped pictures of him.
After they were done, he
quipped, "Now that we are
done with the communications
media, I can proceed."
But not so.
One persistent television
newsreel man did not give
up, though. He continued to
take pictures of Walsh from
every angle. Walsh, trying to
accommodate him, started to
talk extemporaneously.
He told about an appearance
he made several weeks ago
at a university. "While I was
talking," he said, "a bell rang
and everyone left."
"That's why I plan to limit
my talk today to just 50 min-ures."
The federal government
stepped Into the fraternity
sorority discrimination pic
ture with the announcement
recently that colleges must
make certain that fraternities
do not discriminate on racial
grounds.
A Denver Post article quot
ed Francis Keppel, U.S. com
missioner of education as say
ing that the issue touches the
systems of federal grants to
colleges and universities.
If Keppel found that a fra
ternity was practicing racial
discrimination, he would then
question the "assurances of
compliance" filed by me
schools where fraternity
chapters were located.
Such schools would be re
quired to eliminate the dis
crimination by changing the
practices of the fraternity or
removing its chapter from the
campus.
Grants Withheld
If this were not done, then
Keppel would initiate a pro
cedure which could shut off
federal grants to the colleges
where the fraternity operated
chapters.
At the Universltv. Vice-
Chancellor Adam IJrecken-
rldge said that to his knowl
edge this government action
hnd no influence on the re
cent non-discrimination state
ment by the University Re
gents. Breckenridge said that the
University had been con
cerned with the discrimina
tion problem for a number of
years. "It had been under
study for some time," he
said.
J. Winston Martin, associ
ate dean of Student Affairs
said he did not know how the
government action impinged
upon the Regents' action,
since he had not been in on
the Regents' discussions.
Philosophical Problem
Martin said that in his own
opinion, the problem of dis
crimination on the campus
should be treated as a philo
sophical and educational prob
lem. What should be considered,
he said, is the "implication
the discrimination has on hu
man relations, not the dollar
and cents aspect."
"What the government is
saying in essence," he said,
"is that educational opportun
ities should be the equal priv
ilege of an. 'We (the federal
government) are supporting
higher education as a part of
the public domain,' " he said.
Martin said that he thought
that there was a legitimacy
in the action by the govern
ment "as far as the philosoph
ical issue is concerned."
He said that the Regents
are not saying to any organ
ization that they must "dem
onstrate your faith by going
out and pledging a Negro."
Don't Discriminate
"They are not saying who
the organizations must take;
they are merely saying 'don't
discriminate because of
race.' "
Organizations, under tb
Regents' ruling, must consid
er Negroes along with other
students in terms of their eft
pabilities and then chooM
among them, Martin said.
Ultimate Change
He added that "None of us
are so unrealistic as to imag
ine that we will see an imme
diate change in attitude.
There will be a change ulti
mately, however. This is just
a part of a changing scene."
Martin said that he did not
know what action would be
taken by the Regents if or
ganizations did not comply
with their statement. He said
that the Regents would con
sider the statements concern
i n g discrimination clauses
from various organizations
and then decide what they
will do if any do not comply.
No Sorority Clauses
"There are no sorority
chapters on this campus
with racial discrimination
clauses," Martin said. Previ
ously four sororities had re
fused to reveal whether or not
they had such clauses. Under
a national Panhellenic ruling
they were forbidden to do so
without the approval of their
national organization.
Martin said that while there
are no clauses in sororities,
he could not say that this was
an indication that sororities
would agree with the Regents
ruling.
Negro Fraternity
A Negro fraternity, Kappa
Alpha Psi, which was started
at the University, is not a full
member of the Interfraternity
Council, according to Martin.
He said that the fraternity
does not meet the criteria set
by IFC for membership. The
three criteria Include num.
ber, academic status and pos
session of a house.
"Kappa Alpha Psi doesn't
have the proper number of at
least 30 members," Martin
said. At the end of first se
mester of this past school
year the chapter had 17 mem
bers. House Lacking
The fraternity is also with-
out a house, since most of the
members live in the men's
' residence halls.
Martin added a personal
opinion on the housing criteri
on, saying that he felt that it
"doesn't always apply."
He contrasted Kappa Alpha
Psi with Pi Kappa Alpha, a
fraternity which has been in
vited by IFC to re-colonize at
the University beginning this
fall.
"They will be accepted as a
colony, but not as a full char
ter member of IFC," he said.
"They won't have a house
when they start, either," Mar
tin said.
"But within a year IFC will
expect them to have a house.
The reality of this is question
able," he said.
According to Martin, t h e
house criterion is merely a
matter of the "customary pat
tern on the campus."
Loan Agencies Deter Building On Floodable Land
Walter Harris
New Zealander's
Topic Thursday
New Powers
The emerging nation con
cept, most often applied to the
Afro-Asian block of nations,
takes on a new aspect Thurs
day.
Walter Harris, New Zea
land educator, will appear at
Love Library Auditorium at
1:30 p.m. as the second speak
er for the World Affairs Pre
"iews. He will explain about
the emerging nations in the
vast Pacific area.
Specializing in the area of
social science, geography
and media teaching, Harris
has worked closely with the
United Nations education sec
tion, heading it from 1945-50.
A world traveler and an au
thority on the Pacific area,
Harris has traveled exten
sively in Fiji, Australia, In
donesia, Malaya, Philippines,
Thailand, India, Pakistan, Ja
pan, Korea, and Antarctic.
His teaching experience in
cludes elementary and sec
ondary work in New Zealand,
England and Fiji in addition
to college work in Christ
church Teachers College, New
Zealand and Teachers Col
lege, Fiji.
By Hal Foster
Jim Miller, a young busi
nessman, needs a loan in or
der to start building a house
close to a branch of the Salt
Creek in Lincoln.
He goes to one of the . di
rectors of a large bank in
town.
"I'm sorry, Jim," the direc
tor says, "but the area of
town where vou want to build
is highly susceptible to flood
ing. It's just too risky to loan
you money tor an $ih,wju
house that mav be washed
downstream a few years aft
er it's been built."
Before considering the loan,
the director of the bank
checked the area where Jim
wanted to build his house in a
booklet of flood plain informa
tion of the Lincoln area.
He found in the booklet, put
nut bv the Armv Corps of En
gineers in August of last
vear. that the potential site ot
Jim's home lies in a b a s i n
where the probability of flood
ing is four per cent every
year. This percentage is too
high to justify warranting Jim
u loan, the director decided
The director is onlv one of
several people connected with
home-loan agencies who have
access to the booklet that
shows the areas along Salt
Creek, Haines Branch and
Beal Slough that are most sus
ceptible to flooding.
The same booklet has been
distributed to employes of the
Federal Housing Administra
tion, state loan departments,
building and loan associations
and banks in the Lincoln area
in the hope of discouraging
loans to people who want to
move into flood-prone areas.
"Most people who can t get
loans usually can't afford to
build," Hal Schroeder, Gen
eral Manager of the Salt-Wa-hoo
Watershed District, said.
"And the more people we keep
out of the flood plains, the
less chance there is of a great
number of lives and property
being lost in a flood."
When people do build on
a flood plain, Schroeder said
that disaster often results. He
pointed out that seven lives
and millions of dollars worth
of property were lost in an
Omaha-area flood last June.
"Several years ago many of
the areas flooded in Omaha
last summer were rural
areas," according to Eugene
Reed of the State Geological
Survey, who agrees with
Schroeder that "residential
housing areas should never
have been built in those
places."
Besides being distributed to
home-loan agencies, the book
let was also sent tb other
organizations which could
possibly deter people from liv
ing on flood plains.
Among those organizations
is the Lincoln City Council,
which could pass zoning laws
prohibiting home-building in
areas highly susceptible to
flooding, Schroeder said.
The distribution of the flood
plain booklet to these various
agencies was carried out in
the hope of complementing the
flood prevention development
in the Salt-Wahoo Watershed
District, Schroeder said.
Despite the fact that scores
of dams and other retention
structures are being created
under terms of the present
Salt-Wahoo development plan,
Schroeder said that many
rural flood plain areas will
lack upstream retention struc
tures to slow down potential
floodwaters.
"What we are trying to do,
then, is to prevent these un
protected rural areas from be
coming urban centers while
we develop the areas up
stream from our present ur
ban areas," Schroeder said.
Schroeder noted that pro
gress "has been better than
expected" in developing these
areas upstream from present
urban areas.
He said that the portion 'of
I the plan being directed by
the Army Corps of Engineers
the building of ten 1 a r g e
dams and major channel work
around Lincoln and Ashland
will be completed by 1968.
Schroeder used the Oak Mid
dle Watershed in the Salt Riv
er basin as an example to
show how the Soil Conserva
tion Service's portion of the
development was progressing.
Of the 17 proposed small
dams in this watershed
which includes portions of
Lancaster, Butler and Seward
Counties Schroeder said that
12 either will be built, will be
under construction or will be
ready for construction by the
end of next year.
Although this suggests that
the SCS development is some
what .behind schedule, Mr.
Schroeder said that the SCS
portion of the plan should al
so be finished by 1968 or short
ly thereafter.
If the completion of the
SCS development doesn't fall
within the 1968 deadline, it will
probably be due mostly to
delays in acquiring building
right of way. Some people
whose land would be flooded
by the building of a dam are
fighting SCS attempts to con
tract for easement of t h e 1 r
land or attempts to buy their
land through county Soil and
Water Conservation District
purchases.
fore an SCS dam can be bnilt
there.
Local co-operation, region
al co-operation and state and
Federal co-operation was
needed in order to get the
various initial Salt-W a h o o
Watershed development plans
co-ordinated so that building
could begin.
After the Salt-Wahoo Water
shed Association was formed
in 1950, its members worked
for and received authorization
for the Army Corps of En.
gineers and the United States
Agriculture Department to
survey the area and recom
(Continued P. 2)
The SCS has had to prose
cute some landowners to ob
tain right of way, but they
have been reluctant to do so.
"After all, the Soil Con
servation Service program of
development depends a lot on
local co-operation. The SCS
doesn't want to alienate any
one it doesn't have to,"
Schroeder said.
Local co-operation consists
of financial contributions,
maintenance of the dams and
individual conservation prac
tices. Under the Small Water
shed Act, 75 per cent of the
land in a basin must be in
some kind of conservation be-
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Index To Inside Pages
MUSIC BUILDING BEING REPLACED The School of
Music is getting a new building after 70 years. For the story
of the new structure and its design, see
Page 2
DO COEDS FOLLOW REGULATIONS?-Coeds Interviewed
said they felt rules were needed for others, but not them
selves. For a look at this continual subject, see
Page 3
J-SCHOOL GETS NEW MAN Charles Coney a radio-TV In
structor who has covered every national political convention
since 1956 has come to the University to teach. For the
complete story, see
Page 3
ALL-STATERS IN LAST WEEK For a look at what All-State
otnHonto Vmvtt hopn Hnintr sm storv and pictures
j Page 4
5.
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