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1
POLITICAL CONTRASTS
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Page 2
PEACE CORPS
Speeches
There has been a sidelight to the
speeches mode on this campus during
the last ten days that give an insight
into the effect that President Kennedy's
Peace Corps is having in this country
and across the Atlantic and the opinion
of the Corps that rival politicians, if we
might use that word, and cold war allies
have.
It might be hard for some of the stu
dents here at the University to believe
that the opinion that the junior Senator
from Arizona, Barry Goldwater, has is
one of high praise. True, for the most
part the President's program and lib
erals came away from the convocation
on March 30 more than slightly bruised,
bumbed and battered; but later in Gold
water's day he gave the President and
his program a break.
In advocating a number of steps
through which the U.S. can win the cold
war withont combat, Goldwater predicted .
that the Peace Corps is "going to turn
out to be a very good idea."
This statement doesn't help one figure
out what his breed of conservatism is but
it does reflect highly- upon the Peace
Corps, which celebrated its first anniver
sary last month. It becomes clear that
most of this nation is solidly behind the
Corps if a man that is so opposed to
the present administration and its poli
cies thinks and says in a news confer
ence that it is a good idea which is,
and will continue to be, successful. If
you can get the distant left and far right
to agree on and support something, that
you had better hang on to.
Then a voice was heard from the other
side of the Atlantic. Last Thursday morn
ing Colin Jackson, a world traveler and
special commentator for the British
Broadcasting Company, had these words
to say concerning the Peace Corps:
"Scholarship programs, technical aid,
financial budgeting, an understanding of
Africa's views in the U.N., the Peace
Corps, and visits by African dignitaries
to the U.S." . . . were the major roles
which he believed America could play in
helping Africa advance away from Com
munism. And so the Corps is able to chalk up
another compliment on its ideals and
program on an increasingly larger list.
Jackson's comment, like that of Gold
water's, helps ns to evaluate international
thinking as well as local opinion. A man
like Jackson is close to the pulse of his
nation England and her international cir
cle of other Western Allies. -
"Once upon a time many years
ago . . ." This is the opening line to
the first in a series of four reports on
the Peace Corps that begins in today's
Nebraskan. The comparison of the Corps
to a fairy tale beginning, is appropriate.
rsi ft
Member Associated Collegiate Press,
International Pre Representative: National
Advertising Service, Incorporated Published
mil Room 51, Student Union, Lincoln.
Nebraska.
14th & R
Telephone HE 2-7631 ext. 4225, 4226, 4227
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Uac.ia, Nebraska, eaicr Ibe eel m Aug i. Itll
SEVENTY-ONE TEARS OLD
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EDITORIAL
Give Insight
There must be something magical in
this program to get the support of the
nation as well as the Allies. The candid
remarks made by the two recent speak
ers on campus are excellent examples of
this support but they are not the only
ones.
In this series of four reports, which will
examine the Corps in depth, other states
men and national leaders and Corpsmen
themselves will express their opinions.
In today's report a quotation from
President Alberto Camargo of Columbia,
one of the most respected statesmen in
the Western Hemisphere, concludes the
story by saying that the Corps "is the
finest way in which the United States
could prove to the humble people of
this and other lands that the primary
purpose of its international aid program
is to build a better life in all the free
world's villages and neighborhoods."
One of the finest tributes to the Corps
is its success. During the Corps' first
year 18,000 young people volunteered of
which 698 were selected, trained and
sent overseas. They are now living and
working in 12 countries; and all 12 coun
tries have asked that more corpsmen
and women be sent.
Bringing the discussion down to a local
level, two University students have been
accepted into the Peace Corps. The first
volunteer from the University and the
state was Karen Long who is now teach
ing in the Philippines. A couple weeks
ago-it was announced that Milton Thom
son, graduate in civil engineering, had
been accepted into the Corps for duty
in Ecuador. He is now undergoing train
ing. As the Corps grows, which it most
certainly will, the University will become
greatly affected. Not only the students
who will be volunteering lor duty but as
a training center for volunteers in agri
culture Leaders of countries who are or
will be receiving Corpsmen have cried out
loudly for more volunteers who are trained
and will help develop agriculture in these
countries. It should be the prime con
cern of the Corps to improve agricultural
production in these countries. A well
fed person is, as it has been stated
many times, less susceptible to the
promises of communism.
Last year at this time there was a big
movement on this campus to get the
national government to designate our
College of Agriculture as the training
center. Nothing much came of it because
of the indefiniteness of the Corps future.
Now, as the Corps grows larger and
more impressive the opportunity for this
University to play an important integral
part in its program is approaching and
should not be overlooked.
Forrest
PEACE CORPS
Daily Nebraskan
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EDITOftlAX STAFF 1
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tortt Writer. Mike MarLeaa. Ton Ketone-, Weadr Soger
J.oior Staff Writer. Karr Canllrkt. Bob Ileum
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ClrtBlaUM Mafer j,ra irt,
Wednesday, April 11, 19621
curt sw-U pfri;w
REPUBLICAN
By steve stastny
President Kennedy is
again trying to extend
the already overextended
New Frontier. This time
the President has his eyes
on the schools of our na
tion. Kennedy calls for the
construction of 600,000
classrooms during the
next 10 years, ignoring
the fact that we have
been building classrooms
at the rate of 72,000 per
year, which equals 720,000
for a decade, all accom
plished without federal
aid. Kennedy calls for a
75 increase in. the total
cost of education, over
looking the fact that ex
penditures in the public
school system have in
creased more than 100
in the last decade, all
without federal aid. Ken
nedy calls for the raising
of teachers' salaries, for
getting the fact that in
the 1948-49 school year
the average salary was
$2,846. Ten years later it
was $4,939 without federal
aid.
Kennedy's overlooking
and forgetting important
facts is an accomplished
talent that we have ob
served in our New Fron
tier Wagonmaster. JFK
has ignored, overlooked,
or forgotten a few more
facts concerning federal
aid to education: It is
unconstiutional, the Con
stitution grants no such
power to Congress; the
field of education is one
of the powers reserved to
the state by Tenth
Amendment; and the
need for federal funds
has never been convinc
ingly demonstrated. In
the Eisenhower years,
national estimate of
classroom "shortage"
was cut from the Tru
man legacy of 312,000 to
142,500, at mid-1961 it was
listed at 127,165, so local
and state efforts continue
to whittle shortage, even
under Kennedy.
Federal aid to educa
tion inevitably means fed
eral control of education.
An example of this is the
National Defense Educa
tional Act of 1958, which
through 12 direct con
trols, persuades educa
tional institutions to put
great emphasis on the
physical sciences and oth
er subjects related to na
tional defense. We are
for encouraging the teach
ing of physical sciences,
but when the federal gov
ernment does the encour
aging through the with
holding and granting of
funds, we do not see how
it can be denied that the
federal governmnet is
helping to determine the
content of education
which is the last, not the
first, stage of control.
Another question that
the Kennedy Frontiers
men carefully avoid an
swering is: Who will pay
for this 'free money'?
The Nebraska Citizens
i'Typo Tricks
I Dear Editor:
I I have been breathless-
ly awaiting the Daily Ne-
braskan's next "typo"
I trick on one of its hap-
I less senior staffers.
Is it because, in the
mad scramble to publish
four times weekly, you
need to pause and refresh
i yourself with a goofy
I gambol on the good name
s of your reporter Wendy
Rogers?
Thus far, "typo" tricks
I have labeled her: "Win-
dy" Rogers; "A College
I High Schooler;" and an-
other tag I daren't re-
peat.
In order to avoid a slan-
1 der suit by one of your
own reporters, I suggest
1 you either shellac your
copy editors or perma-
I nently change her name.
Humorously yours,
A Reader
Salaries
If the universities which
pay the most money for
their athletes have the win
ning teams would the uni
versity which paid the
best salaries to its facul
ty be the most outstand
ing academically?
We suggest a depth
study on this topic. Might
not this prove to be more
"profitable?"
We all understand that
Council, a non-profit tax
research organization, re
port that under JFK's
1961 federal aid to schools
bill, that we Nebraskans
would receive for schools
from the federal govern
ment $7,340,000 for which
we would pay $16,320,000
a year. The report also
states in regard to its
figures that: "This would
come about only if in
come taxes were in
creased immediately and
directly to finance the
government's cost of sup
plying the grants." Free
money? When you name
Washington as broker
for your hard-earned dol
lars, the rates are rather
stiff and returns aren't
too encouraging.
An example of the
teachers' reactions to fed
eral aid is the following
statement by a leading
Nebraska educator:
"There isn't a school dis
trict in the United States
in as bad shape as the
federal government". This
quotation aptly sums up
the hypocrisy of the idea
of federal aid to educa
tion. The Republican Party
feels that education
should be left in the
hands of the local com
munities. We further be
lieve that providing an
education for their chil
dren has been and should
always be the responsi
bility of the American
family and not of the gov
ernment. Toward this
end, we, the Republican
Party, strongly advocate
a program of tax relief
for families with children
attending college. Such
tax deductions will be
limited to families in
which the net taxable in
come does not exceed
$20,000 after all exemp
tions and deductions have
been taken, including the
proposed deduction for
children attending college.
Another solution for the
problem of education is
U.S. Senator Goldwater's
proposal for an aid to ed
ucation program. Under
this program, taxpayers
could deduct from their
final federal income tax
the amount of the local
school property tax
which they have paid.
This would save the tax
payers from $3,900,000 to
$4,000,000 annually which
could be deducted from
their federal income
taxes. Senator Goldwater
states that with his pro
gram: "The amount of
money made available to
the local communities
would be greater than
that which would be pro
vided .by .the .federal
grant proposals," and
that "local communities
would retain complete au
thority and control over
their own school expendi
tures and programs inas
much as the federal gov
ernment in Washington
would be completely out
of the picture."
er can lay it down and
education is the primary
concern of a university
and that intra-collegiate
athletics are merely extra-curricular
activities.
Marion Miller
Becky Seibold
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Li "r
by richard robson
In the fall of 1960 there
were 36,305,104 pupils en
rolled in our public ele
mentary and secondary
schools. Of this number,
1,868,000 students were be
ing taught in over-crowded
classrooms (figuring
25 pupils as an accepta
ble classroom situation).
Hence, the public schools
of the United States are
140,000 classrooms short.
Add to the above statis
tics the fact that of the
1,409,995 teachers instruc
ing in 1960, 91,522 did not
possess the proper cre
dentials to teach (by def
inition they are substand
ard teachers), and it is
obvious that a serious
problem exists in the fi
nancial realm of our edu
cation system.
Some people will say
that if the problem is this
serious, why aren't our lo
cal and state government
agencies rectifying the sit
uation. The answer is that
on the local level, of an
average tax dollar, 40
cents already goes for el
ementary and secondary
schools, and on the state
level, 28 cents of the av
erage tax dollar is allo
cated for the same pur
pose. This would indicate
then that further finan
cial assistance must come
from a yet untapped
source the federal gov
ernment. 1
In the true sense of the
term, the federal govern
ment is not actually an
untapped source of aid,
but heretofore a suspi
cious character with a
questionable background.
Actually federal aid for
education has been in
existence since the Ordi
nance of 1785, which said,
"There shall be reserved
the lot number 16 of ev
ery township for the main
tenance of public schools
within said township."
Other legislation which
has been enacted and
which in every sense of
the word equates to fed
eral aid to education arc:
Morrill Land Act; Grant
Act (1862); Smith-Hughs
Act (1917); Service Mens
Readjustment Act (1944);
Veteran's Readjustment
Assistance Act (1952);
and the National Defense
Education Act of 1958.
Since 1785, there have
been more than 160 dif
ferent federal aid laws
passed by Congress, and
Constitutionally so, be
cause Article I, Section 8
of the Constitution stipu
lates, "The Congress shall
have power to lay and
collect Taxes, Duties, Im
posts and Excises, to pay
the Debts and provide for
A GOOD TEACHERS AGENCY
DAVIS
School Servic
ENROLL NOW
Ettobfishcd 1918 Serving the Ml
ouri Volldv to the West Coast.
SOI Stuart Sldg. Lincoln 8. Nebr.
map: BILL ROM,
.I V V
Sdtotcedfwtn,
twuj foist c( ti'm
You il wear eirher of these solitoires with our-
once of safety, in exclusive tapering design the
center diamonds are surrounded with a bouquet
of brilliance created by glirterbuds. We'd like
to show you these designs come in and see
them. Above $100.00. Below $150.00.
SARTORS JEWELKY
1200
DEMOCRAT
the Common Defense and
genera Welfare of the
United States."
Today, Federal taxes
account for almost 70 of
all tax revenue, but the
Federal Government is
permitted to contribute
less than 4 per cent (V2
cent of each federal dol
lar) toward school reve
nue, an area at least as
important as the nation's
defense setup.
Why should federal tax
dollars be spent for ed
ucational purposes?
It is obvious that state
and local governments
which are now spending
28 per cent and 40 per cent,
respectively, for educa
tional purposes can not
continue to increase
spending indefinitely in
this one field at the ex
pense of other state and
local .needs.
Only at the federal level
of government can taxes
be collected where the
wealth is and be made
available for education
where the children are.
Education is of primary
importance to the welfare
and survival of our na
tion. This problem must be
met with the acceptance
of the people. This na
tion's need for good ed
ucation is immediate; and
good education is expen
sive. It is a fact which
the American people have
never been quite pre
pared to face. At stake is
nothing less than our na
tional greatness and our
aspiration for the dignity
of the individual. If the
public is not prepared for
this, then responsible cit
izens and organization
business leaders, political
leaders, unions, civic
groups, and students
must join in a national
campaign to prepare
them.
It is important for those
who are. apprehensive
about the growth of fed
eral support of education
to examine the direction
it takes.
CAN THE SHAH
OF IRAN KEEP HI?
The Shah felt he needed an
heir to make his throne se
cure. So he divorced his O
wife, remarried, and finally fathered
a son. Yet today his throne is as
shaky as ever. This week, a Post
editor reports on an exclusive in
terview with the Persian monarch.
You'll learn why the aristocrats ara
out for the Shah's scalp. And why
many of his subjects actually think
he should be more of a tyrant
The Saturday Eeenlnt
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