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EDITORIAL
Wednesday, March 21, 1962f
BOOK REVIEW
Agony and the Eestacy
Ordinarily, historical novels settle on
my mind like pizza on my stomach with
a clank!
Tho trouble is that most historical nov
elists insist upon injecting wildly improb
able he oes into acial situation.
Irving Stone, however, has avoided this
pitfall so successfully that his book, THE
AGONY AND THE ECSTACY is in its
second year on the best seller lists.
Stone's corrective technique is simple.
Stone merely takes a real person, an
authentic hero, and makes his life the
subject of his novel.
Stone's hero is Michelangelo Buonarroti,
architect of St. Peter's, sculptor, artist
lover, devoted son and brother, physician,
teacher ... the list runs on and on.
But-tfte purpose of the book is not to
list the achievements of- its principal.
Listing achievements is the work of his
tory. The work of the author is to dis
cover the driving force which makes
achievement possible.
Smely g?nius is one of the answers.
A masterpiece cannot be effected unless
its creator has talent. But there have
been many talented derelicts, wasters of
their genius.
Stone goes beyond the genius of his
hero into his character. Michelangelo
emerges as a hot blooded, intemperant
man who defied kings and Popes, his
family and his friends to avoid compro
mise. He steals the mistress of his patron
and loves her with passion and compas
sion, cruelty and intensity. And then,
compelled by nis work, he abandons her.
He breaks his contracts, brawls with
his fellow artists, behaves boorishly in
public and pawns forgeries on unsuspect
ing customers.
Yet he dies trying to complete a commis
sion, endears himself as a good and faith
ful friend to nobility and peasants, faith
fully maintains a chaste love affair with
a religious and well born -voman and
exposes contractors who attempt to defraud-
the Pope.
Amid all these contradictions, Mich
elangelo never waivers in his devotion to
the agony of creation and the eestacy of
accomplishment. He is always true to
his work.
Author Stone never quite finds out why,
though. It could be that he becomes so
fascinated by the search that he forgets
what he is looking for. It is also possible
that Stone realizes the reader must come
to his own conclusion.
At any rate, THE AGONY AND THE
ECSTACY makes tremendous reading.
Michelangelo livefl for 90 years at
the height of the Renaissance. The Me
dici, the Borgia, Raphael, Da Vinci, Sav
onarola march through Stone's pages in
a tableau of man's reawakening interest
in the affairs of men.
(Editor's Note: The Na
tional Student Association
has spawned a consider
able amount of literature
during its existence. Much
of this material been
published in campus pa
pers' across the United
States. Since NSA is now
an issue before our Coun
cil and campus, we are
presenting some of that
information beow, with
out comment. It was pre
viously printtd in the
Denver Clarion.)
Congressional Record
pages 12517-12519, July 14,
1958, J. B. Matthews,e x
pert on Communism In
America: "Having r?ad the
minutes, resolutions, Is
sues of the K '.onal Stu
dent News, booklets, bro
chures and sundry other,
documents published by
the United States Nation
al Student Association dur
ing the past 10 years, I
wish to state that I have
reached the following con
clusions: '
"(1) That the policies
and program of the
USNSA embrace the im
portant lines of the Com
munist Party insofar as
these touch upon ques
tions involved in student
life i ' activity on the
campuses of American
colleges and universities."
The New Guard, August,
1961 (a publication of the
Yo u n g Americans for
Freedom), p. 3: "Our ob
jections to the current
status of the National Stu
dent Association, as seen
elsewhere in the maga
zine, are threefold:
"First: NSA's definition
of a student issue is so
broad that tii&a seem to
be no prudent limits to
the subjects discussed and
legislated upon at its na
tional congress These are
subjects, we feel, Which
are beyond the realm of
the student. .
"Second: While actual
NSA organization and ac
tivity oh most campuses
is sso weak as to be near-'
. ly non-ex'tent, the organ
ization suddenly acquires
the, right to speak for
'over a million students'
every summer when NSA
leaders convene.
"And Third: Through a
hierarchy of officials who
seem to have no visible
means of financing, NSA
has been successful in
making its national con
gress the ivbber stamp
for the left-wing ideology
f its paid professional
staff members."
i ' ? a
Kay Wonderlic, xlce
president of the North
western University stu
dent body, August, 1961:
"During the past several
months, the NSA has
been the subject of .severe
and largely justified, crit
icism at the constitution
al, procedural and politi
cal levels. Students from
across the country, real
ize that something was
amiss within the organ-
THE LITTLE THINGS ON CAMPUS
Brothers From Other Lands
by jagjit singh
When I mentioned the name Zanzibar
to one of my friends recently, her im
mediate reaction was, "it sounds very
romantic." I spent that whole evening
scratching my head and wondering about
the possible association of romance with
Zanzibar. It was after a great deal of
deliberation and thought that I decided
to write on it this week.
No clue is available as to the year
the island was discovered. As far back
as 60 A.D., when a Greek merchant liv
ing in Egypt wrote the first known sailing
directions to the Indian Ocean, the Perl
plus of the Erythroean Sea, ships already
were riding the monsoon to Zanzibar.
Today high-pooped Arabs still come
to Zanzibar. Like migratory birds, they
sail down an the northeast monsoon with ,
cargoes of dates, incense, dried shark,
Persian carpets, and brassware. Waiting
until the winds change, they return home
,7ith mangrove poles, tea, coffee, sugar,
and maize.
The island of Zanzibar lies only 25
miles off the East African Coast. The is
land attracted Arabs, Persians, and In
dians (someday everf the Chinese). Portu-'
guese, following Vasco da Gama, had
trading ports here from the early 1500's
until they were ousted by Arabs nearly
two centuries later. In 1832 Seyyid Said,
Sultan of Oman, moved his capital here
from Muscat. Late in the century, when
European powers began to take feverish
interest in Africa, they sliced away vir
tually all of Zanzibar's mainland posses-i
sions. To stabilize his interests, the Sul
tan in 1890 arranged for a British pro
tectorate. Today the Sultanate is limited
to Zanzibar, Pemba, and the tiny islands
nat surround them.
.
Here are 'peoples from Arabia, the
Persian Gulf, India, Africa, and China.
The mixture of cultures is well ullustrat
ed by the number of languages that are
widely spoken throughout the islands:
There are many dialects of Bantu, in
addition to Swahili, as well as Arabic, In-.
dian languages (like Gujarat!, etc.) and
English. It is thuneetlng ground of Afri
can and Oriental, and affords one of the
most notable instances in the world of
satisfactory cooperation between diverse
racial, sad social groups within a single
community. Stnfents cf sociology and
anthropclogy should make a special note
of it.
Eighty years ago, the island was the
center of the slave trade. The world-famous
Zanzibar slave market handled 20,000
slaves a year - fresh-caught cannibals
from the Congo, fierce Borans from the
desert, white Caucasians from Russia,
four-foot pygmies from the Mountains of
the Moon and the giant seven-foot Watusi.
Yet there was no racial prejudice. Inter
marriage was common and there was no
discrimination against the children of
such marriages. As a resit, the tensions
that exist in most parts of Africa are
virtually unknown here. Some will even
venture to say that this is the happiest
place in Africa. The season is simple.
In Zanzibar they don't try to force their
ideas on each other. People go to the
island from South Africa to get away
from the rioting, and from Yenya to relax
from the Mau Mau. They rest there, say
how wonderful it is, and then return to
their own countries to continue the strug-
gle.
Population of the islands combined is
about 300,000 of which a very large ma-
jority are native Africans, and the Arab,
Indian and Chinese minorities number
50,000, 18,000 and 1,000 respectively.
s
The island of Zanzibar is brilliantly
green and surrounded by a white border
of surf. It is about fifty miles long and
twenty-four miles wide. North of it, sep-
arated by a channel so shallow it seems
almost possible to wade across at low
tide, is a smaller island called Pemba.
Pemba is about half the size of Zanzibar
and much wilder, famous for bull fights,
wild boars and some say even witches!
Zanzibar is within six degrees of the
equator, very fertile, and nearly every
day there is at least a brief shower.
Everywhere are orchards of clove trees,
evergreens thirty feet high, laid out in
orderly rows. It is the world's greatest
producer of cloves. ' i
Although Zanzibar has lost some of the
trade prestige it once enjoyed, it seems
unconcerned over the loss. Prosperous in i
its own quiet way, it has time for friend- 1
liness and retains an old world charm.
The town and its people, we are told,
seem to have been snatched from some
Arabian Nights tale and transplanted
here beside the blue sea! I
There is something else that is unique
about Zanzibar. There is no room for you
to get lost in Zanzibar City. You just 1
keep on walking and you come out at
the sea front, on the bank of the creek,
or find yourself back where you started.
But you may have a hit of . difficulty
finding some specific place you want to go.
I have not said a word about women's I
dresses in Zanzibar. Moslem Arab worn-
en glide like shadows through passage- 1
ways. Theirs is the black, outer dres? of
seclusion, or purdah, from a word mean-
ing "veil". Swahili women are as awake j
to fashion as Western women. But there
style is a question of pattern and color,
not cut. The bold designs for the cloth
are drawn in Zanzibar; many embody
phrases in Kiswahili and call to many' 1
minds the bright aloh'a shirts of Hawaii. 1
Some are immediate hits, but woe to the 1
merchant who has heavily stocked a pat- 1
tern that doesn't click! And Indian worn-
en in shimmering saris add color accents
to Zanzibar. '
Several names have been given to this
island of paradise: "clove scented Zanzi-
bar", "happy island", "exotic Zanzibar ,
"island idyll: Zanzibar", "Zanzibar island
jewel". If you are planning to fake a 1
trip around the world or visiting East
Africa or are finding it hard to select
a spot for your honeymoon, Zanzibar I
would be a good stop. Perhaps our.
Kotecha, a student in architecture at the
University could answer some of your
queries personally. He lives at Selleck
and is rather a quiet guy but tall and 1
handsome. a
Daily Nebraskan
Bfember Associated Collegiate Press, sta rbiiaiiona anaii be fr from aoinnai enunMp
. SM. Rnrntativi- National n ihe part af lb Snbeommme ar oa tM part of anr
International Press Representative, national Mt(ldr th. 4j,irtu,. the member of the Daily
Advertising Service, Incorporated Published Nebraakan atari ara peraaaallr reaponalbla (or what ikar
si: Room 51. Student Union. Lincoln, -umw .
Nebraska. Edltar . Dot Parfuaaa
' SEVENTY-ONE TEARS OLD Managua, Editor , Jim Format
B& !- y , NMri Eiltor Eleanor Bllllnri
14 in OS a. g,,,.,, Edu,, Dao Wnhlfartk
Telenhooe HE 2-7631 ext. 4225, 4226, 4227 a w. Editor Anda Andorra
HuUrrlntloa ratoa U ar aemmter or 15 lor tho Nlrtl Newa Editor Gary Lacey
feaV coi? Editor . Naney Whitford, Sua Rovlk, Gary Lacey
. ' MMB4 claia matter at tho pa it oflleo hi Stair Wrltera Mike MacLean. Tom Kotooc, Wendy Boxer
LbuobT Nebrtika. auder tho oat of Annul 4, WIS. Junior Stall Writer Karen Gunlloki, Bob Sworn
Sho Daily Nebraekan la poblljbed Monday, Wodnooday, Staff Photographer Doug McCartoer
Thartdai and rrtdaj daring the aenool year, except daring BUSINESS STAFF
oaeauee and ein perloaa k aCadente of tho UalTeralty BKlnria Manager Bill Gnnlick
of ttebraaka aodr amthoriaatlon M tho Committee on Aulatant Bnatnttaa Manager . John ZelllLger. Tom Fltchett.
Bladen) Alfalr aa an eiprraelea of atvdenl opinion. Bob Cr.nninfham
ajMatioa aadot the JoriadloUos of tho BooremmKlee en Ciienlatioa Manage .,, Jim Traitor
On Campus Cheating
To the Editor:
The epidemic of student
cheating reported by the
Rag is probably not new.
The subject is periodically
dredged to the foreground.
It usually results in shock
ing a few people, causing
them to make dire pro
nouncements about the
degeneration of today's
youth. Others shrug their
shoulders and conclude
there's no use trying to
fight the system. Still
others try to be reform
ers. From the latter come a
raft of new systems to ri
val the old. One University
uses the "tap method." A
good many schools )r de
partments of schools use
some variety of the "hon
or system." The basic dif
ference between these sys
tems and the old system
is that the students be
come the policemen in
stead of the instructor.
I'll take the instructor.
If a student is going to
cheat he would certain
ly have a lot more oppor
tunity to chea,t if the in
structor is out cf the room.
If the student isn't going
to cheat, why should '.ie
care if the instructor is n
the room. Non-chcaters
would thus suffer a great
er disadvantage than be
fore. The "syndicates"
would have a field day.
Then too, I woul 1 much
rather prefer to have an
impartial teacher judging
my actions rather than
another student who might
report me to get even ior
a personal score.
Sure there should be re
form, but it's not going to
come through any sys
tem. True, the honor sys
tem can work in se!ect
small groups, but as other
observers have pc-'nteu
out, it would not work for
the student body as a
whole.
Reform, if It is going to
come, can come frorr two
sources. The ideal would
be a fundamental change
in emphasis. Education
would become meaningful
as a process whicl- make
the student more sware
of life, rather than just
being a steppingstone to a
straight "A" average or
a plush job. This process
would titart in the h o m e
when parents say "Do the
best jobyGJ can, and' we'll
stlil love you even if you
don't get straight A't,"
rather than "Get straight
A's or else."
Fallitfg short of 'he
ideal, it would be helpful
if teachers were less lax
in their test-g'ving. Giv
ing the same test3 to two
sections or for several
years in a row cannot
help but lead to cheating.
And who knows, the
courses mJght even be
come more interesting if
the teacher exerted him
self enough to make up
new lectures and new
tests. Society need3 po
licemen to protect the in
nocent, its not likely
that things will change.
Spike
Goldwater
Dear Sir:
In th, unlikely event
thaj anybody cares, your
paper has inaccurately
represented Senator Gold
water's views, or has dis
torted them.
Chapter ten of Con
science of a Conservative
does not evidence a
"peace or war" attitude.
A policy of containment
involves the risk of war
and leads to probable de
feat. A policy of victory
involves the risk of war,
but holds forth the prom
ise of victory. Goldwater
discusses policies and
"guideposts" which can
be observed even now to,
help bring us cold war
victories, with a minimal
risk of war.
From chapter .seven, it
is clear that Goldwater is
opposed to a proportional
income tax, but to the
con iscatory and immoral
graduated tax.
He values foreign aid,
but not when it promotes
state socialism, or goes
to countries not in need,
or to countries that are
not anti-communist.
His chief objection to
federal aid to education
is that it inevitably would
mean federal control over
education, a step back
ward toward the omnipo
tent state.
Goldwater has de
nounced Robert Welch's
excesses.
Sincerely,
Consciencious Conservative
1 T cAm't err I
i THIS KITE UP IN
ft i THE AIRIJU5T
j
(JHV not leave jton the
eeouND? actually fT l oos
RED Colo? makk A Nice rrimsn
WITH ALL THI 6KttN 6RA5S...
IT PnOBAM wouldnt look
HALF AS 600P UP THERE
A6AIN5T THAT PNi BLUE SK1...
NO. r ACTUAUV THINK THAT THIS
SHADE Of RED 60E5 BEST WITH...
GET OUT COHERE!
(Courteay of Omabi World Herald)
ization and demanding
correctional reforms, have
been met with silence, m-'
suits or' evasion by asso
, ciation officials."
Chicago TribuneApril
23, 1961: "The left wing
members of National Stu
dent Association showed
the conservative members
where they stand yester
day at an Illinois-Wisconsin
regional meeting on
tht University of Chica
go campus.
, "Those of the right wing
brave enough to speak
out found themselves sub
jected to smirks, giggles
and stony stares from the
left wingers during the
committee meeting. Dur
ing the legislative session
it was a clear cut case of
the might of the left over
the weaker right."
Thomas Rowley Jr.
graduate of University of
Illinois at Urbana on his
experiences: "I suggest
that in the future the fol
lowing statement precede
all NSA declarations:
'The opinions and views
here expressed are the
views of the delegates
and not necessarily those
of the student bodies they
claim to represent.' "
Timothy Jenkins, Na
tional Affairs Vice Presi
dent of NSA on William
F. Buckley, Jr., conserva
tive editor and speaker,
on the floor of the latest
convention: "I think now
we have unmasked in the
final reality what exact
ly exists behind the fa
cade of the conservative
image, because now we
see the base,' pnd the de
based, colonial, repres
sive, slave-owning kind of
mentality that can exist
in a hard, fascist type of
regime."
Robert Schuman, Na
tional Review, September
9, 1961: "Last week, for
instance, the NSA leader
ship voided the badge of
Scott Stanley Jr., a dele
gate from the University
of Kansas, on the grounds
that enrollment in his
school had declined since
the last congress. (Actu
ally it had increased
slightly.) The real rea
son: Stanley is a director
of Young Americans for
Freedom."
tt
Harvard Student Couucil
report on the National
Student Association ma
jority view, 1958: "A great
deal of concern and thor
ough ttebate characterized
the Council's decision on
the issue of USNSA. It
was generally the opinion
of the Council that the
funds of the Student Coun
cil, both human and eco
nomic, could better be
spent in other fields; and
even should there have
been unlimited resources :
available, the NSA would
not justify the expendi
ture." Carol Dawson, leader
in the Young Republican
National Federation, Sep
tember 1960, on the con
vention last year: "It is
obvious to me as it was
to many people there
that the congress cer
tainly does not represent
American stuaent opinion."
it
M. Stanton Evans, edi
tor of the Indianapolis
Star, November, 1958:
"NSA, In its function as a
two-way transmission belt
for political Ideas, means
to advance one sort of po
litical ideas only those
of the left-wing variety."
Hank Brown, former
president University of
Colorado student body,
while in office on the de
cision to withdraw from
NSA: "It was made aft
er we decided there was
nothing we could do with
in the organization to
straighten it out. At first
we thought we could."
. Soi;g number nine, NSA
songbook, 12th Congress,
page 14: To the tune of
"Song of the Vagabonds:"
Come all yet union hat
ers, Red and labor baitsrs,
Fight, Fight, Fight for
Capital!
Wave the bloody saber,
Crush the rights of la
bor, Fight, Fight, Fight for
Capital!
Damn, Damn,' damn,
Damn,
Damn the stupid masses,
Fight Fight Fight Fight!
For the upper classes!
A
G
M
m
4r 'Vt
' f' ,
X
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