Wednesday, April 6, 1960
Page 2
The Daily Nebraskan
Editorial Comment:
NBC Telecast Destroyed
Belief in Iwo Flag Scene
On Sunday, March 27, a television broad
cast shattered the belief of millions of
Americans that the Joe Rosenthal Pulitzer
Prize winning picture of the Iwo Jima
flag-raising was true.
For this NBC telecast, based on the
play, "The American," gave, as Editor
and Publisher put it, not only Rosenthal
but newspapers and news photographers
in general an unmerited black eye by call
ing the flag-raising a "phony."
The story, written by Merle Miller, was
based on the life of Ira Hayes, a Marine
participant in the Iwo event who died in
1955.
The character who played the part of
Hayes, a supposedly moody Indian, said:
"They'd taken about 10,000 pictures that
day everybody knew it was a phony.
Everybody on the. island was laughing
about that phony flag-raising picture."
The end result nearly every one of the
millions who saw the telecast not only
lost faith in an American legend and sym
bol but in the press itself. The program
left the idea that the photographers, news
papers and the press services which dis
tributed the pool picture all conspired to
deceive the public. And there was an im
plication that this is a common practice.
The sad part about the whole affair is
that the flag-raising really was spontane
ous, imposed and real. And as E&P says,
It's hard to see how "literary license" by
the script's author required such misrepre
sentation. NBC gave aa epilogue to the program
and could have set the record straight but
didn't. Here are the facts given by Editor
Ml Publisher which have been published
repeatedly since 1945:
"There were two flag raisings on Mount
Suribachi that day and both of them were
reported at the same time. The econd one
where a larger flag replaced the first
and where Rosenthal got his picture was
spontaneous, unposed and unrehearsed
while the Marines were still shooting it
out with the Japanese. The raising of a
small flag and its replacement by a larg
er one that could be seen from the whole
island was adequately reported the day
foUowing-the day the picture was dis
tributed. "The next month a Time magazine
broadcast quoted its correspondent as say
ing the scene was reposed. Presented with
the facts Time broadcast a correction and
apology the following week. Rosenthal's
own account of the flag-raising and pic
ture was printed in Collier's in February,
1955. E&P that month quoted a. story from
the Knoxville News-Sentinel in which a
fellow Marine reported Ira Hayes had
told him aboard a troopship returning to
the U.S.: 'We then tied it down. Then a
Marine hollered to us and said our picture
was taken. About 20 yards away we saw
Joe Rosenthal and a couple of photo
graphers. We didn't know they were tak
ing our picture. "
Neither the nation's newspapers, the AP
nor Rosenthal tried to hide the fact that
there was a double flag-raising on Iwo.
That has been known ever since the day
it happened that the first and smaller
flag raised on an iron pipe was snapped
by an Army photographer.
Rosenthal's action shot of the second
raising contained the drama.
It is hoped that NBC and the nation's
newspapers win help retell the story of
the Marines and the Iwo flag. Rosenthal's
picture is a classic example of the spirit
of the American fighting man during
World War n.
It truly is a national symbol that rep
resents all the good things we strive and
have striven for.
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Daily Nebraskan Letterips
Staff Comment
Balm and Sage
By Herb Probasco
rgMond of two artKSaj oa the Nabraaka Cantar for
Continuing Education.)
Why was the University chosen by the
Kellogg Foundation as the site for a cen
ter cf Continuing Education?
The "tremendous impact for change"
which the Missouri River Basin is under
in regard to agricultural improvement,
expanded irrigation, balanced industrial
growth, electric power development, flood
control projects and forest, wildlife and
recreational programs "vitally affects per
haps twenty millions of people."
Noting that these developments "will
change from Incohate visions to actuali
ties largely to the degree that educational
programs encourage and help adults and
young people to develop their individual
leadership abilities and to reinforce their
training to meet the demands of changing
times," the brochure cites this aim as that
to which the new center is dedicated.
The 1J million dollar grant given to the
University by the W. K. Kellogg Founda
tioncontingent upon 1.5 million dollars
later raised in pledges by the University
Foundation was announced little more
than two years ago. Latest estimates say
that the center win be completed by 1951.
An evaluation program prior to the
opening of the center, according to Dr.
Knute Broady, director of extension, will
be two-fold: "1 to measure the effective
nets of the center's programs, activities
and methods; and 2 to stimulate interest
In and coordination of the development of
st vigorous program of social economic
and education research relative to the
Missouri River Basin."
Course offerings will include profession
al postgraduate refresher studies reflect
ing the resources of the University's col
leges concerned with agriculture, home
economics, engineering, .architecture, the
arts and sciences, teacher education, law,
business administration, medicine, phar
macy, dentistry and the other health sci
ences. Present television facilities, along
with a studio and control panel to be in
stalled, will provide links between the
nter and the College of Medicine and
the Nebraska Psychiatric Institute in Oma
. ha.
Updating and amending of vocational
training including many aspects of mer
chandising, office management and home
making will be the subject of institutes
and workshops. Through discussion of com
munity living and social and citizenship
training, it is hoped that adults will be
come better citizens, while the youth pro
gram will include such activities as Boys'
and Girls States, 4-H Club and Future
Fanners of America.
"Lack of accommodations no longer win
impair the FFA, Boys' and Girls' State
programs and the science, homemaking
and journalism institutes," the brochure
points out. Annual conferences for Future
Homemaker Assn. members, a series of
four conferences a year for the senior 4-H
Club organization, orientation sessions for
girls participating in 4-H Club activities at
the Nebraska State Fair, a 100 per cent
increase in "Homemaker Days" and the
expanded youth training programs desired
by the Farm Bureau Federation, the
Grange and the Farmers Union win now
be feasible.
Most unique feature of the programming
for the "Hafl of Nebraska Youth" is the
recogntiion given by a state university of
its obligation to the forty-nine per cent of
today's high school graduates who would
not otherwise enter an institution of high
er learning and to the large number of
students who drop out of school before
graduation. A plan is set up to encourage
them to come for a two to four week
period, learning some of the knowledge
that they as young adults need in order
to attain success in vocational, recreation
al, family and civic responsibilities.
"The young men and women win be en
couraged to return several times during
their twenties to add the knowledge, skills
and understanding suited to their ma
turity," the booklet notes.
ChanceUor Clifford M. Hardin recently
summed up the feelings of most education-minded
Nebraskans when he said,
"The Center represents a wonderful oj
portunity for the University and for Ne
braska. It clears the way for the Univer
sity to extend its educational influence to
additional thousands of out-of-school peo
ple, both youths and adults."
Wheat Distribution
To the Editor:
Our Friend (Norman)
Cousins came up with some
good ideas (at his Univer
sity appearance Friday) but
he was a little too idealist
ic. He proposed that the
United States solve its farm
problems by attempting to
feed the world.
He proposed that we give
away the grain the govern
ment now pays approxi
mately $400 million annual
ly to store.
At first glance this seems
quite fine. But upon closer
examination it is not as
sound as it seems..
First of all giving away
wheat would wreck the
warld market Countries
such as Canada and Ar
gentina would be ruined.
Most foreign governments
are striving toward an in
dustrial Utopia similar to
the United States. The first
step in solving economic
problems by industrializa
tion is a sound agricultural
economy. Free grain would
do nothing for the econo
my of a foreign nation just
as it would tend to wreck
farm prices here if grain
were given away by a for
eign government
Before industrialization
can take place the agricul
tural problem most be
solved. la the U.S. we have
always been able to produce
more than enough food. As
a result we have been able
to direct activity toward in-,
duftrializatJoo.
In past efforts, free grain
has been turned over to the
government for distribution.
In order to preserve the
economy it must sen the
grain. Since these people
cannot afford to pay for the
grain. Since these people
cannot afford to pay for the
grain they would b u y it
from the U.S. if they could.
The situation is unchanged.
America cannot therefore
unload its surplus grain at
aU.
The only solution is the
loaning of American money
to industrialize these coun
tries. Industrialization
would provide sufficent in
come for them to purchase
our grain.
Faber Jenkins
Lincoln Problem
To the Editor:
Recently Letterips have
been written concerning the
problem of discrimination.
Recently a letter was writ
ten about the segregation
taking place at Selleck. An
editor's note suggested that
the writers of these letters
"might like to devote their
efforts towards constructive
ends, with groups now op
erating chiefly in the East"
It also said that these let
ters "have shown that many
students favor demonstra
tions and other means to
bring about better condi
tions for the Negro in the
South."
This an sounds very nice,
but why point the finger at
the South and East when
we have a problem right
here in Lincoln and also on
the University campus.
What can be more construc
tive than giving the Negro
equal rights with the White
in Lincoln? Many people
wfll say that there is no
problem. But the Minority
Housing Survey that was
conducted a short time ago
f. You have to wear it to believe it! 8
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Daily Nebraskan
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'raoeaQcaQCrOC
shows that the Negro is, in
effect, a second class citi
zen in Lincoln..
I am sure that many do
not know of the problems
of the Negro students. In
the dorm he is carefuUy
roomed with another Negro.
Outside the dorm he finds
that many "rooming houses
will not let him live there.
I have seen Negro foreign
students turned down at
more than once place when
there were rooms available.
the Neero and foreign
student are restricted as to
where they may live. Is it
right, morally or otherwise,
for segregation to exist
right here on the can-pus?
Why are we hiding this
problem. Or worse, why are
we ignoring it? Why not
face the problem instead of
pointing to the South. Lin
Coin and the University
campus have a big enough
problem of their own.
Francis Schmidt
COSTUME JEWELRY, FIRST FLOOR
Shop doily 9:30 to 5:30, Thuradoy 10 to 8:30
Kennedy Leading in Wisconsin
Returns from more than
half of Wisconsin's precincts
showed Sen. John F. Kennedy
is leading over Sen. Hubert
Humphrey in the presidential
primary.
Kennedy was leading with
a 184,516 total while Hum
phrey compiled 175,019 votes.
Vice president, RichardNix
on, lagged in third with 155,714
votes. The republican was un
opposed.
Foreign Flick Is
'The Gold Rush'
The Foreign Film Society's
movie to be shown tonight is
"The Gold Rush" with Char
lie Chaplain.
The black and white pro
duction wiH begin at 8 p.m.
in the Nebraska Theatre.
On
iH2 jfeffibt
Author of "I Wat a Teen-age Dwarf, "The Many
Late af Dobie Gillu", etc.)
"NO PARKING'
A? everyone knows, the most serious problem facing Ameriraa
colleges today is the shortage of parking space for student' cars.
Many remedies have been offered to solve this vexing dilemma.
For instance, it has been suggested that all students be required
tn drive small foreign sports cars which can lie carried in the
purse or pocket. This would, of course, solve the parking prob
lem but it would make double dating impossible unless, that
is, the boys make the girls run along behind the car. But that
is no solution either liecaune by the time they get to the jrrorn
the girls will be panting so hard that they will wilt their corsages.
Another suggested cure for our parking woes is that all
students smoke Marlboro cigarettes. At first glance this weemi
an excellent solution because we all know Marlboro is tl
cigarette which proved that flavor did not go out when filters;
came in and when we sit around and smoke good Marlboro
we are so possessed by sweet contentment that none of ut
wishes ever to leave, which means no gadding about which
. means no driving, which means no parking problem.
But the argument in favor of Marlboro overlooks one im
portant fact: when you run out of Marlboro, you must go get
some more, which means driving, which means parking, which
means you're right back where you started.
Probably the most practical suggestion to alleviate the campus
parking situation is to tear down every school of dentistry i
the country and turn it into a parking lot. This is not to my
that dentistry is uuJnjxrtaut. Gracious, no! Dentistry is im
portant and vital and a shining part of our American heritage.
But the fact k tliere is no real need for separate school of den
tistry. Dentistry could easily be moved to the scliool of mining
engineering. Surely anyone who can drill a thousand feet for
oil can fill a simple little cavity.
. ' nvrffi
This experiment combining dentistry with mining engineer
ing has already been tried at several colleges and with some
very interesting results. Take, for iimUmoe, the ease of a dental
student named Fred C. fiigafoos. One day recently Fred was
out practicing with his drilling rig in a vacant lot just off
campus. He tank a shaft two hundred feet deep and, to hia
surprise and delight, be struck a detergent mine. For a whilo
Fred thought his fortune was made but he soon teamed that
he had drilled into the storage tank of the Eagle Laundry.
Walter P. Eagle, president of the laundry, was mad as all get
out and things looked mighty black for Fred. But it ail ended
well. When Mr. Eagle culled Fred into his office to chew him
out, it so happened that Mr. Eagle's beautiful daughter, Patient
Criselda, was present. For years Patient Griselda had been
patiently waiting for the right man. "That's him!" si cried
upon spying Fred and today Fred is a full partner in the Eagle
Laundry in eharge of pleat and ruffle.
Speaking ot laundriet remind us of eieanlinem which in
turn remind! u of filtered Marlboro end unHltered Philip
MorrlMboth clean and treth to tha tasteboth srallabb
toft pack mnd Hip-top box.