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About The daily Nebraskan. ([Lincoln, Neb.) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (Feb. 12, 1951)
,Tm ...i-M -'W""T1IIIT ' MIL. ,- --- in in, t-jf-riVllll II I III. I II II ' lllllUH.ir""- "--)-"T-- T I -r r .... PAGE 4 THE DAILY NEHRASKAN Monday, February 12, 1 951 Wssr Hi By Kent Axtell (Editor's note This Is the first In a twtes of articles an Korea as It existed during iwrnt years of V. H. occupation. The material for this serifs has been con tiihoted to The Dally Nebraskan by ftenrte Wilcox, a University student who for merly served 15 months In Korea with the ocrnpatlon army. The following stories Include a1 counts taken from naoers which Wilcox wrote during his spare time or i on-auty moments to serve as memoirs of his atay In Korea.) To the ordinary soldier who served as a member of the United States army of occupation, there were a lot of things lacking in .Korea. 11 you were accustomed to' lots of whoop de-doo enter tainment American style, you were out of luck on this Oriental peninsula called Korea. Espe cially when all the shows and night .spots were "off limits." Wilcox Uses His Time But one soldier, George Wil cox, scrapped ideas of relaxation and beat the no-entertainment jinx by busily recording his ver sions of a strange country and its people. "To the casual visitor, the hous ing and architecture of ancient Korea might be described as "quaint"; yet '.o the American soldier who is in reality a diplo mat in the pay of the armed forces, the housing and ar"hi ture represent the past and per haps the future of an individual istic nation, proud, courageous. vants (lower class) and secretar ies (middle class). "The main building contains a large middle room which serves as parlor, office, dining room and in case of rare emergencies, a bedroom. for visiting relatives. "At both ends of this big room are smaller rooms for the male members of the family. The wo men live in separate inner rooms in accordance with old Korean custom. However, that custom seemed to steadily diminish and states the article, "in the past sixteen months, that custom has practi cally gone out of existance due to relatives moving in on other rela tives." This was caused by the Amer icans who confiscated so much property in order to house de pendents of army personnel. Wilcox described one sidelight of the Korean homes, as "some thing out of a Ripley's 'Believe It or Not." " Korean Stairways "The reason," wrote Wilcox, "that most of the Korean homes walls of brick painted in differ ent colors." explains Wilcox, "All upper class homes have a series of build. are only one story is that down through the 4,000 years of Kor In I I I 1 ' I iPfiHj '5 "if ; Ill SEOUL. IN 1947 Shown above is a part of the business district in the ancient capital of Korea. This is what soldiers, stationed in the capital, called "Pennsylvania Avenue" since the building at the end of the street below the mountain is a capitol build ing. It resembled the White House somewhat. The building with tall tower at left belonged to the Fourteenth Corps and was called the Theater and Special Services building. According to soldier Wilcox, latest newsreels show this building demolished and gutted by fire. confused and conquered many times in its history." Thus did Wilcox begin his first paper on Korea. "Throughout the years, Korea's native characteristics in archi tectural style have been pre served, despite the domination by two countries, China and Japan, who thought differently terms of architectural patterns. Not even demands by Japanese conquerors could change these patterns." Copies Chinese Architecture Continues the "memoirs," "For seven centuries, until the Japa nese drove the Chinese out in 1895, Korea was a protectorate of cnina, dependent upon that na tion for help in time of war and constantly admiring and even duplicating some of China's more advanced civilization. "Each year, caravans threaded their way along the towering mountain passes of northern Ko rea, bringing new knowledge of China's culture into the 'Hermit Kingdom' as Korea was known in ancient days." These caravans, points out the article, helped Koreans to adopt many of the Chinese practices re garding architecture and hous ing just they made Chinese Budd hism the number one religion. 'House Divided' The Indian caste system is re called when the different types of Korean homes are analyzed, for the houses made provisions for the different classes. "For some unknown reason, the brick wall of the Korean home is the pride and joy of the Korean owner. No wall is complete with out a big double gateway, outer and inner. "The wall may be individual in design set with different colored and symmetrical stones, with the family symbol. Upper Class Homes Wrote Wilcox, "The Korean upper class home may have tiled roofs and are surrounded by great ings that are quarters for ser- ean history, there has never been a stairway built by Korean car. penters that wasn't too steep or dimcult to climb for the average Korean!" It was not until the Japanese invaded Korea in 1910 that a suc cessful stairway was built for a two story house. It would be hard to mistake a Korean home, because almost every part of the house is decor ated with the lotus flower, the national flower of Korea. "A domino game with 'kans' sprawling." This is the descrip tion Wilcox gives to many of the homes which are enlarged so many times. Rooms Added Anytime Whenever relatives move in, or there is a birth in the family, the Koreans simply attach an other kan, or eight foot square room. There seems to be no sys tem to the addition, because the kans run out in all directions. Said Wilcox in his papers, "Every nation has a contribution to make in architecture and Ko rea's is a distinctive as Ameri ca's "skyscrapers." swer was, "I'm with you but I'm not happy about it. Oh sure, I To The Student Body: Straight roof lines, slightly sprung at the ends, perfect sym metry and harmony of edifices are the classical patterns that belong to Korea. Homes All Same Plan Basically, all Korean houses are built on the same plan. The only difference lies in size and decorations. When a prospec tive home owner decides to buy a house, he must first consider the size and number of 'kans.' The average home contains three 'kans' with bath, sleeping porch and kitchen added. The home owned by the poor class can be described as a shanty, according to Wilcox. It is small, low and often crowded with "squatting relatives which accumulate." 'matched rice straw covers the roof. There is little or no light and poor ven tnation. usually tnere is one window and dorway. "The family dog and chickens all sleep in the same room," ex plained Wilcoxr "The majority of people in Korea . . ". are in this condition. Yet they seem to be happy." Construction Described ; With few exceptions, ;all Ko rean homes are made of wood, preferably bamboo, points out Wilcox. "Only the foundations are made of granite or hard rock, or in rich tipper classes, cement." The partition walls are filled in with a mixture called "wat tle," which is no more than matted twigs. Clay and lime stone, of which there is quite a quantity in Korea, is also used. On the whole, the houses are very inflammable and during the summer months when the wood is dry, whole sections of the city sometimes went up in smoke. "Despite the -fact that nearly all Korean buildings are com posed of wood," explains Wil cox, "the great works of Korean architecture in palaces, gate ways, pavilions and Buddhist temples have withstood fire and decay for over 600 years." 'Central' Heating: Effective A central heating unit as old as ancient Korea and more ef fective than some of America's scientific' heating plants "is called the 'ondol'," reports Wil cox. -. " '' ' ' - This type of unit is installed in almost every home and up per class dwelling. It has re ceived universal use due to its inexpensive operation. "The floor of the home," states Wilcox, "except in the poorer class homes is made of flagstones plastered over with clay and cov ered by some gelatin like sub stance that looks something like oil cloth." "Underneath the floor, runs a series of flues in connection with one another that when viewed from the bottom looks like the sewers of Paris, running everywhere." Charcoal Stove "Double Duty" A fire is made in one room, which according to American standards might be called the kitchen. It is in that room that all the cooking takes place over a little charcoal burner stove. I The hot, s m o k e-laden air parses off this fire into the se- rie flues underneath the floor am 't into another chimney in ano. r part of the house. As the heat rises, the floor and the rest of the room is kept warm at al most no cost. Wilcox calls attention to the I ."ij.. js4r I A- c3v, HI I JrAk-Sar-Ben Winners Receive New Trophies KOREAN ARCHITECTURE This picture is part of the collection "snapped" by Wilcox while he was in Korea, during the days of American occupation south of the famous 38th Parallel. The heavy roof structure is displayed prominently; Tiles are used to cover this home a typical middleclass house. By Rex Messersmith. Attention all you University students wouldn't you like to win a sparkling gold or bronze trophy? That is what Is offered for the winner in each class at the 1951 Jr. Ak-Sar-Ben. These new. trophies will be the permanent possession of the win ner with their name inscribed on them. Donors of the trophies are sheep, agriculture division of the Lincoln Chamber of Commerce; swine, Nebraska Farmer; beef, Gooch Mills; dairy Skyline Farms; and women's riding contest, Na tional Bank of Commerce. It was decided at the Block and Bridle club meeting last week to postpone the deadline until next Saturday for those who still wanted to sign up in either the swine, beef or sheep divisions. It was also decided that the jump ing horse portion of the show would be made into a contest with ribbons being given for prizes, as it is now tentatively set up. C 1 T I as it is now tentatively set up, SamUel JjeglllS Larger Seating Capacity. Lecture Series Mir- VNaw- A.1 Y 0 fkJ 4 wr, I KOREAN LAUNDRY Illustrated above is a common scene in any town of Korea. Here is where the women get a chance to exchange the latest gossip as they wash the week's collection of laundry at a common open-air trough. This is but one of the many primitive customs in existence throughout the ancient country. reason for such a heating system. No Shoes in the House "When a person enters an Or iental house, the first thing he does is t& bow low from the waist (as a matter of respect) and take off his shoes." In stocking feet, the floor must be kept warm and so down through the ages, the Oriental has maintained the "ondol." Asks Wilcox, " How many Americans on a cold winter morning have lain in a warm bed dreading to get out of be because of a cold floor? It might be a good idea for some Americans to study a few Oriental methods." "Is Faith in God a Delusion?" is the topic of Leith Samuel's lecture tonight at 7:30 p. m. in the Union Ballroom. This is the first in a week-long series of lectures sponsored by the Inter-Varsity Christian Fel lowship. Samuel will be featured in the programs. Tuesday he will talk on "Insecurity The Vibious Circle." His topic for Wednesday is "Truth on the Scaffold" and Friday he will conclude his se ries with "The Fifth Freedom." The latter meeting will be held in the Campus chapel, 15th and U streets. Samuel has conducted lecture series since 1938 in universities in Great Britain, in western Can ada, at McGill, Toronto, and Northwestern universities. He was graduated from Liverpool university with a master's de gree. He entered Queens college where he studied for the Anglic an ministery graduating with a L.Th. He passed his ordination exams but was not ordained. Each lecture will be followed by a question period in which Samuel will discuss the con troversial questions and theolo gical problems that interest stu dents. Coffee and cokes will be served following the sessions. With Samuel will be other IVCF staff members from United States and Canada. Paul Little from the Illinois area, Cathie Nicoll from Canada, Gene Thom as from Kansas, John Hermanson from Minnesota and Ann Marv Williams of South Dakota. These people will act as leaders in dis cussion groups and will also be dinner guests of fraternity and sorority houses throughout the week. Both Samuel and the staff members will be available for personal conference during the day. The Inter-Varsity Christian Fellowship is an interdenomina tional organization originated in England and spread from there to Canada, the United States and the Orient. The Nebraska chap ter is one of 500 in the United States. It is headed by Bryan Johnson who planned this lec ture series. All students are in vited to its meetings and to take part in IVCF activities. Since this year's show will be held in the State Fair grounds Coliseum, it will allow for a much larger seating capacity than did the 4-H arena where it has been held in recent years. In view of this fact Block and Bridle members set the ticket prices at only 90 cents for adults, 65 cents for students and 35 cents for chil dren uner 12 years old. As a new feature of this' year's agenda the Annual Jr. Ak-Sar-Ben dance will be substituted by a big barbecue and a free square dance following it. The date set for this event is March 16, or the night before the big show. Tenta tive plans are to serve barbecued ham as the meat item with an otherwise regular menu. Barbe que ticket prices will be an nounced later. Trickriders Featured. As one of the main features of the big show, Jimmy and Rita Murphy, trickriders from Wisner, will be on hand to show off their many and varied talents. Their featured horse. "Frosty. is white with a white mane and tail. These trick riders have such sets as Roman riding, where one person rides two or three horses while they jump obstacles, run in a figure eight and others. Another act that may be featured is an "under-the-belly" trick where Jimmy goes under the belly of,his horse while galloping at break neck speed. This pair also does rope-spinning and other acts such as hanging head-down from a run ning horse and making their horse balance itself on a small ped estal. Due to the fact that this act is booked almost solid this year throughout Nebraska, Kansas and Oklahoma, the Block and Bridle club considers fortunate that this duo may appear at tthe Jr. Ak-Sar-Ben show. The Murphys have taken out a contract with Jimmy Lynch and his Death Dodgers which will put them on the road about May 1. In this, the horse act will be present ed right along with the regular Jimmy Lynch show. Jimmy Lynch's death dodgers show is well-known throughout the middle west for its high thrill and adventure. Featuring the Murphys and their trick horse "Frosty" is something new for the death dodgers. AS IT MIGHT BE SEEN IN LIFE ill Wi I II II isnilt hllls1l'llMlOTBWWWIWWswsi. Ml ffPt J&k ilk II sflfTJ B Spe, Rev. Vin White aks Today On Marriage Rev, V. Vin White will speak on religion in marriage for the marriage relation series sponsored by the YM, YW and Union. His lecture will be today from 3 to 5:30 p. m., in the Union faculty lounge. - Rev. C. Vin White is pastor of the First Presbyterian church. That religion plays a definite part during marriage and a true and meaningless love will never develop unless there is relieion In marriage is the contention of RCv. White. Topic for the third lecture will be sexual adjustment in marriage with Dr. Janet Palmer as speak er. Dr. Palmer is University lec turer in medical information for social work and acting director of the division of mental health at the state department of health. The lecture will be given Feb. 19. Final lecture in the series will be marriage in wartime with Kenneth Cannon, assistant pro fessor of family relations at Ag, us speaker. Cannon teaches fam ily life classes. He will lead a panel of six students. There was a large attendance at toe first lecture, choosing a mate, by Dr. William Hall, pro fessor of educational psychology at the University. The marriage relations scries fi under the direction of the i ...ion ronvocaiions cornmmce I sitded by Jack Greer and Joe LaShelle. Alumni Name Walter White As President Walter W. White, publisher of the Lincoln Star, was elected president of the University Alumni association Thursday night at the 82nd annual Alumril banquet in the Union. White will succeed C. W. D. Kinsey who was elected to a two year term on the executive board. The new vice-president is Mrs. John Bentley; and Mrs. Slg North, secretary and Wlnfield El mnn, treasurer, Former Nebraska Gov. Dwight P. Grlswold, spoke to the group on U. S. foreign policy. He said that the United States Is ham pered by its Inability to see the world forest because of the local trees." The former administrator of aid to Greece criticized the nation's foreign relations and called for a long range policy. Chancellor R. G. Gustuvson was also a special guest at the dinner. Representing the University, Gus tavson commended the Alumni association for its contributions made to the University founda tion. Marvin Franklin of the Univer sity coaching stuff praised Coach Bill Glassford for the recent suc cessful football season for which Glassford instilled a spirit of In spiration and faith. The Kappa Slg quartet, com posed of Jack DbvIs, Bob Gard ner, jacK Gardner and Charlie Deuser sang. An Interesting note of the ban quet was the presence of three generations of University alums, L. M. Troup, 'fta, and his two daughters, Mrs. Elmer Hanson 16, and Mrs. L. H. Redolfs, '20, Corvnjhi iy)i, Uon Mm, Tosacco Co. ana Mrs. Hanson's daughter, i Mrs. Norman Jones, '42. TULARE STUDENT III! OWENS '52 MILDNESS TEST, THE TEST YOU CAN TOBACCO GROWERS MAKE YOURSELF r uw 1 1 ., - s '"Z' -"'l Vf?,' fV - i V tf. ' P ' Jfff .r' ill ...i i iiihiimiiwiim'iiwmi"""iii "Hi i m i-w,"",kj " 1 1 -,,mmmmMW -:m i - v I'&it'f&j&f Mi OPEN A PACK of Chesterfields. Compare ihcm with the brand you've been smoKing. SMELL CHESTERFIELD'S milder aroma. Prove-tobaccos that smell milder, smoke milder. " ' ir. 3 X v 1 I 3 1 3 f J : ? : !-jt!ii'M'iK 'X . . WHO on mewmmt'iwwMm-- . SMOKE CHESTERFIELDS-thcy do smoke milder, and they leave no unpleasant after-taste. In If 11 ( J