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About The daily Nebraskan. ([Lincoln, Neb.) 1901-current | View Entire Issue (March 11, 1945)
THE NEBRASKAN Sunday, March' II, ifVL VkJbAaAliai'L FOIII-IOUKIB TKAB Paaliihaa UrH Uatat waakly day. WMmtf ul rrlaa r aafca.1 aar saaaertatUa bra arc II. M Par Semaalar a fl.M tar tta OaWafa f aar. - Mallet 8in(J copy. ceata. anierea aa aeeaaa-ciaaa aiaitar a hi pmi Liacala Nebraska, aaatr Act m Caacraaa March . II7. aaa at aaaeial rata al Ui aravi4a far la laaUa. UU. Aet af Oatabar a, Ull. Aataartaaa iwmi a. Wit. EDITORIAL STAFF . . EdUtar HarolS W. Aaaerieo Leslie Jean Ulatfelty, Betty La uauon . .Jaaet Mamn, rkyllli Teacaraaa. Mary AHea Shirley Jenkina, uaaea riern Belly Khif Rl'SIVrKR ITAFT Mlldre Inrslrem Lorraine Abranuen. Shirley Stabea Janet Hatetalnaoa Managing Editeri Newt Editsr Sbm-U Editor . Seciely Edilar Cawaed, Butlueta Manager Assistant Bunineis Manafcri. Cirrniaiion Manager We Point With Pride . . . ... TO THE UNIVERSITY'S EXPERIMENTAL PEACE CONFERENCE, now so successfully completed. The entire conference, irom us conception 10 uie unai ouupuun w the treaty, represented one oi me iinesi euucautmai cmci prises in the history of the university. The entire school, faculty and students alike, joined in making the conference a realistic, interesting, construc tive educational project. From the conference, today's students gained information and experience which will be invaluable to them when they assume their roles as to morrow's leaders. The conference brought great credit and distinction to the University of Nebraska, , reflected favorably upon the entire state. The subject of much nation-wide pub licity and interest, it set a precedent which many other American universities and colleges will undoubtedly follow. The university may well be proud. And View With Alarm . ... . . . THE LOW SALARIES PAID UN FACULTY MEM BERS. The fact that members of the university staff are in general grievously underpaid is coming more and more into the open, is being more generally recognized and lamented by students of the university and citizens of the state. A statement presented to the state legislature last week by a faculty group brought the whole matter of in adequate salaries very much into the limelight. The state ment said, in part, that the university has lost many good professors because of the low salary scale and will con tinue to lose good men unless steps are taken to remedy "the low level of faculty pay in general, the seeming lack of university funds to provide a sufficient increase in salary to retain good men, and the inadequate pension allowance on retirement." The whole salary issue boils down to this simple fact: The university needs more money. Given more funds, UN could check the alarming emigration of outstanding pro fessors, raise faculty salaries to the level where they belong. I V Mail Clippings Harold Harshaw, Ceno LETTERIP , Lt. BERTRIL E. LANDSTROM, Beta Sig, has been awarded the Air Medal for "meri torious achievement while participating in aerial flight." Landstrom flew his first combat bombing mission against Nazi in dustrial concentrations at Plaven, Germany. He has flown 18 missions over enemy tar gets in Germany, Austria, and Czechoslovakia. The university community responded magnificently in the Red Cross campaign. Faculty and employes met their quota in three days and late subscriptions put them well over their goal. Students and student organizations exceeded the goal set by th AUF within the week. I wish to express my appreciation to all contributors and especially to the many solicitors whose work resulted in another uick victory. W. C. Harper, Division C, Regiment 9-D, Colleges Music Sorority Sponsors Contest For Compositions Delta Omicron. national music sorority, is sponsoring a second national comDOsition contest. The prize of a $100 war bond will be awarded unon recemt of decision of the judges. Vocal, instrumental, ensemble, chorus and orchestral compositions may be submitted. No composition may be sub mitted which has been previously Dublished or presented. Entries must be sent under an assumed name to Mrs. Elmer L. Hess, Con test Chairman, 6218 Orchard t.anp. Cincinnati 13. Ohio, ac companied by a self-addressed envelope and a fee of 50 cents. Entries should be submitted by March 31, 1945. Civil Commission Announces New, Government Test The civil service commission is announcing a new examination to secure applicants for junior pro fessional assistant positions with the government. The positions pay $2,433. a year including the amount for overtime. Applicants who have success fully completed a full four year course leading to a bachelor's de gree in a college or university may qualify for entrance to this exami nation Senior students may also apply but they cannot begin work Prof. W. Weiland Speaks to Central City 'High School Central City High school stu dents heard an illustrated talk on metals, presented March 7 by W. F. Weiland, professor of me chanical engineering at the uni versity. The lecture is one of a series .sponsored by the univer sity extension division to provide educational programs for schools and organizations thruout the state. Professor Weiland will explain to the students how highly pol ished metal surfaces, when treated with suitable chemicals and viewed under special high power microscopes will show many se crets of structure which are of utmost importance to the engi neers and unusually picturesque and fascinating to others. He will point out how these studies have given metallurgists clues to new alloys, revealed causes of failures, in service, and have been essential in determin ing underlying causes of cor rosion, developing welding tech nique, high temperature research, anl many other applications. until after graduation. ADolicants will be given a writ ten test consisting of questions to test their aptitude for learning and adjusting to the duties of the positions. Students interested in these positions are urged to get further information at the postoflice. Glick, Lowe Oien Weekly Lectures On Rehabilitation Professor Frank E. Click and assistant professor Marian Low open the new weekly lecture se ries on, "Rehabilitation of Vet erans," at the university Monday evening in Sosh 101. The lecture continue through May 14." Professor Glick is director of the graduate school of social work and also assistant director of the extension division. He received his degree from the University oi Chicago. From 1932 to 1936, he was the assistant director of the Illinois Emergency Relief Com mission. Miss Marian Lowe, who will assist Professor Glick in the opening lecture, holds a master's degree in social work from the University of Chicago. For a pe riod of years ending in 1943, she was in charge of medical soci.il work at the University of Kan sas. Tickets for the series of ten lectures are $3 and may be se cured from the University Ex tension Division, 202 former museum, or by mail or on the evening of the first lecture. Charles M. Purcell, a distin cuished alumnus of the uni- jversity college of engineering, has been awarded the 1944 George S. Baitlett Award for outstanding contribution to highway progress at the American association of 'state highway officials convention Iheld in Cincinnati. T5 xti off Ag3 wbmb odd pQI lPfflC j A V Complete text of the final peace treaty adopted by the plenary session of the experimental peace conference Friday night is as fol lows: Committee L WORLD SECI'IITY ORGANIZATIONS. The committee recommends the establishment at the earliest pos sible date of a general organiza tion to maintain international peace and security and to pro mote friendly relations and eco nomic and social co-operation among nations. This organiza i'on should include a general as " jmbly, a security council, an in ternational court of justice, an economic and social council, a secretariat, and such other sub sidiary agencies as may be found necessary. The committee recommends to the conference the adoption of the proposals agreed upon at the Dumbarton Oaks Conference as the basic statute of the general organization, with the following changes, additions, and amend ments: I. Functions and powers of the General Assembly The commit tee desires to five special empha sis to that portion of Chap. V, See. B. Para. 1, which empowers the Assembly to make any recommen dations on any subject whatever, including amendments, U the Se curity Council. II. Functions and powers of the Security Council. 1. The Council must consider all recommendations of the Assembly. 2. Decisions of the Council must be accepted by all members of the A ssembly. HI. Membership In the As sembly. 1. Initial membership In the in ternational organization aha 11 be pen to the present signatories of the United Nations Declaration. 2, Any nation other than the original members shall be ad mitted to full membership by a three-fourths vote of the As sembly. IV. Voting m the security coun cil. 1. In all cases not involving punitive measure, decision shall be taken by a simple majority of the council. 2. For a period of five years it shall be the rule that punitive measures may be invoked only by a two-thirds (7) vote of the se curity council, including the unanimous vote of the permanent members, with the accused state being deprived at the time of the right to vote. 3. In no case shall military sanction be invoked until eco nomic sanctions have been tried and proved inadequate. 4. After a period of five years a general conference shall be held and the question of renewing these rules shall be considered. V. Regional Arrangements. 1. The committee desires to give special emphasis to the proposal that any group of nations may co operate thru the establishment of regional arrangements, provided they are consistent with the prin ciples of the world organisation. 2. Delegates at regional confer ences or associations shall be se lected by the member states in ac cordance with any methods they choose to adopt. 3. No question under advise ment before a regional association shall' be transferred to the Juris diction of the security council until every resource of regional settlement has bien exhausted. VI. International court of jus tice, v 1. The committee recommends that the present permanent court of international justice be con tinued as the supreme judicial body of the new world organization. 2. The optional clause of the present statute of the world court shall be repealed, and in all cases coming within the judicial power the jurisdiction of the court should be compulsory. Committee 2. FUNIS HMENT OF WAR CRIM INALS. To affirm acts of violence in flicted upon civilian populations, and in order to place among their principal war aims the punish ment of those guilty of or respon sible for these crimes whether they have ordered them, per petrated them, or participated in them, and to see to it that: (A) Those guilty or responsible what ever their nationality, are handed over to justice and (B) that the sentences pronounced are carried out, the power of punishment of war criminals shall be invested in two commissions. These commis sions shall have jurisdiction over all war criminals. L The Commission A. Powers ' 1. Sentence arch erimistals. 2. Standardise punishment im each national court. 3. Decide criminate to be tried and punished by commission and which eases will be tried by Na tional Court. i. Accept jurisdiction if na tion does not prefer to try its' offenders. j 5. Recommend to the Securitj Council the s Abjection of neutral country to boycott or declaration of war upon failure to release es caped war criminals. 6. Act as court of appeal. B. Personnel 1. Three representatives from USA, USSR, Great Britain, and three from each o the overrun countries, s'hall have equal voting power. In Far East Commission China shall exercise the same privilege. 2. One representative from each remainin United Nation. Neutral countries may be repre sented without voting power. ! 3. The members of Commis sion appointed by the individual governments. C. Time and Place of Meeting: 1. The Commissions shall be set up immediately. Punishment shall take place immediately fol lowing termination of actual battle. 2. Western: Paris or neutral country. 1 3. Far East: Shanghai or Aus tralia. II. The Courts and Representa tives A. National Courts 1. Criminals will be punished in each country according to the penal laws of that country. 2. .Representatives: One repre sentative from another Allied country at each court. COMMITTEE 3. TERRITORIAL PROBLEMS OF EAST ASIA. I. Korea A. Korea should be given its complete independence as soon as Japanese troops are withdrawn from its territory. 1. Korea will be subject to the protection and jurisdiction of the Security Council as outlined in the Dumbarton Oaks Plan. II. Manchuria A. Manchuria should be re turned to China with no foreign interference in the future. 1. China would become owner of present Japanese property in Man churia. 2. The northern border of Man churia shall be changed to pro tect the trans-Siberian railroad. 3. Russia may use the South Manchurian and East Chinese railroads without discrimination by the Chinese government. in China A There will be complete withdrawal of all Japanese troops from the mainland. B. All foreign concessions will be returned to China. All foreign leases will be dissolved. i 1. Hong Kong will be returned to China. In return for this China will give Great Britain the right to re-establish and maintain a na val base at Hong Kong for ten years. This agreement is subject to renewal by the Chinese gov ernment. C China acrees not to interfere with British influence in Tibet and! with Russian influence in Mon-' folia. IV. Siam. A. It shall be re-established m an independent country as sooi as Japanese troops are with drawn. V. Indo-China. A. Indo-China will remain as a. territory of France. Committee 4. TERRITORIAL PROBELMS OP GERMANY. I. Western Frontier. A. Alsace-Lorraine shall re-j main permanently French. B. The Saar Bnsin shall be givem to France. The Rhineland should be internationalized under an in-, ternational control commission' with France and Belgium as co chairmen and all interested Tui tions represented. C. The boundary of Belgium in the Rhineland area shall remain as it was prior to 1938. The Neth-j erlands shall be given the right tot occupy territory from Jade Bay south to Osnabruck, west thruj Rheine to Enshade; including the East Frisian Islands, for a period! of 20 years after which a plebis cite shall be taken. D. The Netherlands shall have the right to dispossess Germans in this area to provide homes for the dispossessed Dutch. II. Frontier with Denmark A Denmark shall be given the) province of Flensburg, beginning at the port of Flensburg south-J west throjgh Schlesvig to the sea including the Island of Sylt. HI. Heligoland and the Kiel Canal Heligoland and the Kiel canal (See TEXT, page 3 .